IEC 61340-5-1:2007
(Main)Electrostatics - Part 5-1: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena - General requirements
Electrostatics - Part 5-1: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena - General requirements
Applies to activities that: manufacture, process, assemble, install, package, label, service, test, inspect, transport or otherwise handle electrical or electronic parts, assemblies and equipment susceptible to damage by electrostatic discharges greater than or equal to 100 V human body model (HBM). Provides the requirements for an ESD control program. The user should refer to IEC 61340-5-2 for guidance on the implementation of this standard. Does not apply to electrically initiated explosive devices, flammable liquids, gases and powders. The purpose of this standard is to provide the administrative and technical requirements for establishing, implementing and maintaining an ESD control program (hereinafter referred to as the "program"). The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below: This version of IEC 61340-5-1 focuses on the requirements for an ESD control program. In addition, this version of IEC 61340-5-1 has been aligned with other major ESD control program standards used throughout the world.
Electrostatique - Partie 5-1: Protection des dispositifs électroniques contre les phénomènes électrostatiques - Exigences générales
La présente partie de la CEI 61340 s'applique aux activités concernant: la fabrication, le traitement, l'assemblage, l'installation, l'emballage, l'étiquetage, l'entretien, l'essai, l'examen, le transport ou bien la manipulation des parties, des ensembles et des équipements électriques ou électroniques susceptibles d'être endommagés par des décharges électrostatiques supérieures ou égales à 100 V sur le modèle du corps humain (HBM). Cette norme fournit les exigences nécessaires à un programme de contrôle ESD. Il convient que l'utilisateur se réfère à la CEI 61340-5-2 comme lignes directrices pour l'application de cette norme. Cette norme ne s'applique pas aux dispositifs explosifs provoqués électriquement, aux liquides, gaz et poudres inflammables. La présente norme a pour but de fournir les exigences administratives et techniques pour l'établissement, la mise en uvre et l'entretien d'un programme de contrôle des ESD (désigné ici comme le "programme"). Les modifications principales par rapport à l'édition précédente sont les suivantes: Cette version de la CEI 61340-5-1 porte sur les exigences nécessaires à un programme de contrôle ESD. De plus, cette version de la CEI 61340-5-1 a été alignée sur d'autres normes de programmes de contrôle ESD utilisées à travers le monde
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Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 61340-5-1
Edition 1.0 2007-08
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Electrostatics –
Part 5-1: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena –
General requirements
Electrostatique –
Part 5-1: Protection des dispositifs électroniques contre les phénomènes
électrostatiques – Exigences générales
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IEC 61340-5-1
Edition 1.0 2007-08
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Electrostatics –
Part 5-1: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena –
General requirements
Electrostatique –
Part 5-1: Protection des dispositifs électroniques contre les phénomènes
électrostatiques – Exigences générales
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
R
CODE PRIX
ICS 17.220.99; 29.020 ISBN 2-8318-9259-7
– 2 – 61340-5-1 © IEC:2007
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.3
INTRODUCTION.5
1 Scope.7
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions .8
4 Personnel safety.9
5 ESD control program .9
5.1 General .9
5.1.1 ESD control program requirements .9
5.1.2 ESD coordinator .9
5.1.3 Tailoring .9
5.2 ESD control program administrative requirements .9
5.2.1 ESD control program plan.9
5.2.2 Training plan .10
5.2.3 Compliance verification plan.10
5.3 ESD control program plan technical requirements .10
5.3.1 Grounding/equipotential bonding systems.11
5.3.2 Personnel grounding.12
5.3.3 ESD protected areas (EPA) .13
5.3.4 Packaging .15
5.3.5 Marking .15
Annex A (normative) Test methods .16
Figure 1 – Schematic of an EPA with a ground reference.11
Figure 2 – Schematic of an equipotential bonding system .12
Figure A.1 – Wrist strap testing.16
Figure A.2 – Footwear testing (example).17
Table 1 – Grounding/bonding requirements.12
Table 2 – Personnel grounding requirements .13
Table 3 – EPA Requirements .14
Table 4 – Packaging .15
61340-5-1 © IEC:2007 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTROSTATICS –
Part 5-1: Protection of electronic devices
from electrostatic phenomena –
General requirements
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
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Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61340-5-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 101:
Electrostatics.
This first edition cancels and replaces the technical specification published in 1998. It
constitutes a technical revision.
The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below:
This version of IEC 61340-5-1 focuses on the requirements for an ESD control program. In
addition, this version of IEC 61340-5-1 has been aligned with other major ESD control
program standards used throughout the world.
– 4 – 61340-5-1 © IEC:2007
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
101/249/FDIS 101/251/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61340 series, under the general title Electrostatics, can be found on
the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
61340-5-1 © IEC:2007 – 5 –
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 61340 covers the requirements necessary to design, establish, implement
and maintain an electrostatic discharge (ESD) control program for activities that: manufacture,
process, assemble, install, package, label, service, test, inspect, transport or otherwise
handle electrical or electronic parts, assemblies and equipment susceptible to damage by
electrostatic discharges greater than or equal to 100 V human body model (HBM). This
standard covers the ESD control program requirements necessary for setting up a program to
handle ESD-sensitive devices (ESDS), based on the historical experience of both military and
commercial organizations. The fundamental ESD control principles that form the basis of this
standard are as follows:
– avoid a discharge from any charged, conductive object (personnel and especially
automated handling equipment) into the ESDS. This can be accomplished by bonding or
electrically connecting all conductors in the environment, including personnel, to a known
ground or contrived ground (as on board ship or on aircraft). This attachment creates an
equipotential balance between all conducting objects and personnel. Electrostatic
protection can be maintained at a potential different from a “zero” voltage ground potential
as long as all conductive objects in the system are at the same potential;
– avoid a discharge from any charged ESD sensitive device. Charging can result from direct
contact and separation or it can be field induced. Necessary insulators in the environment
cannot lose their electrostatic charge by attachment to ground. Ionization systems provide
neutralization of charges on these necessary insulators (circuit board materials and some
device packages are examples of necessary insulators). Assessment of the ESD hazard
created by electrostatic charges on the necessary insulators in the work place is required
to ensure that appropriate actions are implemented, according to the risk;
– once outside of an electrostatic discharge protected area (hereinafter referred to as an
EPA) it is often not possible to control the above items, therefore, ESD protective
packaging may be required. ESD protection can be achieved by enclosing ESD sensitive
products in static protective materials, although the type of material depends on the
situation and destination. Inside an EPA, static dissipative materials may provide
adequate protection. Outside an EPA, static discharge shielding materials are
recommended. Whilst all of these materials are not discussed in this standard, it is
important to recognize the differences in their application.
Each company has different processes, and so will require a different blend of ESD
prevention measures for an optimum ESD control program. It is vital that these measures are
selected, based on technical necessity and carefully documented in an ESD control program
plan, so that all concerned can be sure of the program requirements.
Training is an essential part of an ESD control program in order to ensure that the personnel
involved understand the equipment and procedures they are to use in order to be in
compliance with the ESD control program plan. Training is also essential in raising awareness
and understanding of ESD issues. Without training, personnel are often a major source of
ESD risk. With training, they become an effective first line of defence against ESD damage.
Regular compliance verification checks and tests are essential to ensure that equipment
remains effective and that the ESD control program is correctly implemented in compliance
with the ESD control program plan.
– 6 – 61340-5-1 © IEC:2007
Any contact and physical separation of materials or flow of solids, liquids, or particle-laden
gases can generate electrostatic charges. Common sources of ESD include charged:
personnel, conductors, common polymeric materials, and processing equipment. ESD
damage can occur when:
– a charged person or object comes into contact with an ESDS;
– an ESDS comes into direct contact with a highly conductive surface while exposed to an
electrostatic field;
– a charged ESDS comes into contact with another conductive surface which is at a different
electrical potential. This surface may or may not be grounded.
Examples of ESDS are microcircuits, discrete semiconductors, thick and thin film resistors,
hybrid devices, printed circuit boards and piezoelectric crystals. It is possible to determine
device and item susceptibility by exposing the device to simulated ESD events. The level of
sensitivity, determined by test using simulated ESD events, may not necessarily relate to the
level of sensitivity in a real life situation. However, they are used to establish a baseline of
susceptibility data for comparison of devices with equivalent part numbers from different
manufacturers. Three different models are used for characterization of electronic components
- human body model (HBM), machine model (MM), and charged device model (CDM).
61340-5-1 © IEC:2007 – 7 –
ELECTROSTATICS –
Part 5-1: Protection of electronic device from electrostatic phenomena –
General requirements
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61340 applies to activities that: manufacture, process, assemble, install,
package, label, service, test, inspect, transport or otherwise handle electrical or electronic
parts, assemblies and equipment susceptible to damage by electrostatic discharges greater
than or equal to 100 V human body model (HBM).
This standard provides the requirements for an ESD control program. The user should refer to
IEC 61340-5-2 for guidance on the implementation of this standard.
This standard does not apply to electrically initiated explosive devices, flammable liquids,
gases and powders.
The purpose of this standard is to provide the administrative and technical requirements for
establishing, implementing and maintaining an ESD control program (hereinafter referred to
as the “program”).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60364 (all parts), Low-voltage electrical installations
IEC/TS 60479-1, Effects of current on human beings and livestock – Part 1: General aspects
IEC/TS 60479-2, Effects of current on human beings and livestock – Part 2: Special aspects
IEC 60749-26, Semiconductor devices – Mechanical and climatic test methods – Part 26:
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) sensitivity testing – Human body model (HBM)
IEC 61010-1, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and
laboratory use – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61140, Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and
equipment
IEC 61340-2-3, Electrostatics – Part 2-3: Methods of test for determining the resistance and
resistivity of solid planar materials used to avoid electrostatic charge accumulation
IEC 61340-4-1, Electrostatics – Part 4-1: Standard test methods for specific applications –
Electrical resistance of floor coverings and installed floors
IEC 61340-4-3, Electrostatics – Part 4-3: Standard test methods for specific applications –
Footwear
– 8 – 61340-5-1 © IEC:2007
IEC 61340-4-5, Electrostatics – Part 4-5: Standard test methods for specific applications –
Methods for characterizing the electrostatic protection of footwear and flooring in combination
with a person
IEC/TR 61340-5-2, Electrostatics – Part 5-2: Protection of electronic devices from
electrostatic phenomena – User guide
ANSI/ESD S1.1, Standard Test Method for the protection of electrostatic charge susceptible
items – Wrist Straps
ANSI/ESD STM2.1, Standard Test Method for the protection of electrostatic discharge
susceptible items – Garments
ANSI/ESD STM3.1, Standard Test Method for the electrostatic discharge susceptible items –
Ionization
ANSI/ESD STM11.31, Standard Test Method for evaluating the performance of electrostatic
discharge shielding materials – Bags
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in the future IEC 61340-1-2 as
well as the following, apply.
3.1
common ground point
grounded device or location where the conductors of two or more ESD control items are
bonded
3.2
common connection point
device or location where the conductors of two or more ESD control items are connected in
order to bring the ESD protective items to the same electrical potential through equipotential
bonding
3.3
equipotential bond
electrical connection of exposed conductive parts (or items used to control ESD) so that they
are at substantially the same voltage under normal and fault conditions
3.4
ESD control items
materials or products designed to prevent the generation of static charge and / or dissipate
static charges that have been generated so as to prevent damage to ESD sensitive devices
3.5
functional ground
terminal used to connect parts to earth for reasons other than safety
3.6
organization
company, group or body that handles ESDS
3.7
protective earth
terminal used to connect parts to earth for safety reasons
61340-5-1 © IEC:2007 – 9 –
4 Personnel safety
The procedures and equipment described in this standard may expose personnel to
hazardous electrical conditions. Users of this standard are responsible for selecting
equipment that complies with applicable laws, regulatory codes and both external and internal
policy. Users are cautioned that this standard cannot replace or supersede any requirements
for personnel safety.
Electrical hazard reduction practices should be exercised and proper grounding instructions
for equipment must be followed.
5 ESD control program
5.1 General
5.1.1 ESD control program requirements
An ESD control program, that has been established using the technical limits required by this
standard, will minimize ESD related damage to devices that have an ESD sensitivity greater
than or equal to 100 V HBM as determined through testing using IEC 60749-26. The program
shall include both administrative and technical requirements as described in this standard.
The organization shall establish, document, implement, maintain and verify the compliance of
the program in accordance with the requirements of this standard.
5.1.2 ESD coordinator
A person shall be assigned by the organization with the responsibility for implementing the
requirements of this standard including establishing, documenting, maintaining and verifying
the compliance of the program.
5.1.3 Tailoring
This standard, or portions of it, may not apply to all applications. Tailoring is accomplished by
evaluating the applicability of each requirement for the specific application. Upon completion
of the evaluation, requirements may be added, modified or deleted. Tailoring decisions,
including rationale and technical justification, shall be documented.
5.2 ESD control program administrative requirements
5.2.1 ESD control program plan
The organization shall prepare an ESD control program plan that addresses each of the
requirements of the program. Those requirements concern
– training,
– compliance verification,
– grounding/bonding systems,
– personnel grounding,
– EPA requirements,
– packaging systems,
– marking.
The plan is the principal document for implementing and verifying the program. The goal is a
fully implemented and integrated program that conforms to internal quality system
requirements. The plan shall apply to all applicable facets of the organization’s work.
– 10 – 61340-5-1 © IEC:2007
5.2.2 Training plan
The training plan shall define all personnel that are required to have ESD awareness and
prevention training. At a minimum, initial and recurrent ESD awareness and prevention
training shall be provided to all personnel who handle or otherwise come into contact with any
ESDS items. Initial training shall be provided before personnel handle ESD sensitive devices.
The type and frequency of ESD training for personnel shall be defined in the training plan.
The training plan shall include a requirement for maintaining employee training records and
shall document where the records are stored. Training methods and the use of specific
techniques are at the organization’s discretion. The training plan shall include methods used
by the organization to ensure trainee comprehension and training adequacy.
5.2.3 Compliance verification plan
A compliance verification plan shall be established to ensure the organization’s fulfilment of
the requirements of the plan. Process monitoring (measurements) shall be conducted in
accordance with a compliance verification plan that identifies the technical requirements to be
verified, the measurement limits and the frequency at which those verifications must occur.
The compliance verification plan must document the test methods used for process monitoring
and measurements. If the organization uses test methods that differ from the standards
referenced in this standard, the organization must be able to show that the results achieved
correlate with the referenced standards. Compliance verification records shall be established
and maintained to provide evidence of conformity to the technical requirements.
The test equipment selected shall be capable of making the measurements defined in the
compliance verification plan.
5.3 ESD control program plan technical requirements
The following subclauses describe the essential technical requirements used in the
development of an ESD control program.
The required limits are based on the test methods or standards listed in each table of this
subclause. The compliance verification plan must document the methods used to verify the
limits. These procedures may or may not be based on the test methods in each table. Test
methods and corresponding limits used by the organization that differ from the test methods
or references in Tables 1 through 4 shall be documented with a technical justification that
supports their use.
Some of the technical elements listed in Tables 1 through 4 do not have a defined lower
resistance limit. However, a minimum resistance value may be required for safety reasons.
See relevant national requirements and/or IEC 61010-1, IEC/TS 60479-1, IEC/TS 60479-2,
IEC 61140 and IEC 60364 series.
61340-5-1 © IEC:2007 – 11 –
5.3.1 Grounding/equipotential bonding systems
In order to eliminate ESD damage, it is necessary to eliminate differences in potential
between ESDS items and other conductors that ESDS might come into contact with such as
personnel, automated handling equipment, fixtures and mobile equipment. All conductive and
dissipative items shall be connected to ground or to each other (equipotential bonding) in
order to eliminate differences in potential. This can be achieved in three different ways:
– grounding using protective earth:
the first and preferred ESD ground is protective earth if available. In this case, the ESD
control elements and grounded personnel are connected to protective earth (see
Figure 1);
– grounding using functional ground:
the second acceptable ESD ground is achieved through the use of a functional ground.
This conductor can be a ground rod or stake that is used for grounding the ESD control
items in use at a facility. In order to eliminate differences in potential between protective
earth and the functional ground system it is highly recommended that the two systems be
electrically bonded together (see Figure 1);
– equipotential bonding:
in the event that a ground facility is not available, ESD protection can be achieved by
connecting all of the ESD control items together at a common connection point (see
Figure 2). The maximum resistance between any protective item and the common
connection point must comply with the limits established for the protective items as per
Tables 2 and 3.
Whichever grounding/bonding system is selected, it shall be referred to as “ground” in the
remainder of this standard.
IEC 1373/07
Key
1 wrist strap and cord
2 work surface
3 example of common ground point
4 ESD floor mat
5 ESD floor
6 functional ground or protective earth (functional ground, if used, should be bonded to protective earth)
Figure 1 – Schematic of an EPA with a ground reference
– 12 – 61340-5-1 © IEC:2007
IEC 1374/07
Key
1 wrist strap and cord
2 work surface
3 common connection point
4 ESD floor mat
5 ESD floor
Figure 2– Schematic of an equipotential bonding system
Table 1 – Grounding/bonding requirements
Technical
Grounding method Test method/standard Required limit(s)
requirement
Grounding/ bonding Protective earth National electrical system National electrical code limits
system standard
Functional ground National electrical system National electrical code limits
standard
Equipotential bonding See applicable See limits for each ESD
implementing process from control item from Tables 2
Tables 2 and 3 and 3
5.3.2 Personnel grounding
All personnel shall be grounded or equipotentially bonded according to the requirements
below when handling ESDS. When personnel are seated at ESD protective workstations, they
shall be connected to ground via a wrist strap system.
For standing operations, personnel can be grounded via a wrist strap system or by a flooring-
footwear system. When a flooring-footwear system is used, either of the two following
conditions shall be met:
– the total resistance of the system (from the person, through the footwear and flooring to
equipment ground) shall be less than 3,5 × 10 Ω;
61340-5-1 © IEC:2007 – 13 –
– the maximum body voltage generation shall be less than 100 V and the total resistance of
the system shall be less than 1 x10 Ω.
Table 2 – Personnel grounding requirements
Product qualification Compliance verification
Technical
ESD control item
requirement
Test method Limits Test method Limits
Personnel Cords for wrist ANSI/ESD S1.1 See wrist strap system
<5x10 Ω or user
grounding bands (5.1) defined value
Wrist band ANSI/ESD S1.1
resistance (5.2)
- interior Not applicable
≤1x10 Ω
- exterior Not applicable
>1x10 Ω
Wrist strap Not applicable IEC 61340-5-1
R<3,5x10 Ω
system Clause A.1
(see note 1)
Footwear IEC 61340-4-3 Conductive: See person/footwear system
<1x10 Ω
Dissipative:
5 8
1x10≤R≤1x10 Ω
Person/footwear / IEC 61340-4-5 R <3,5x10 Ω See person/footwear system
g
flooring system
OR
R <1,0x10 Ω and
g
body voltage <100 V
(average of 5 highest
peaks)
Person/footwear Not applicable IEC 61340-5-1 R<3,5x10 Ω
system Clause A.2
NOTE 1 For situations where an ESD garment is used as part of the wrist strap grounding path, the total system
resistance including the person, garment and grounding cord should be less than 3,5 x 10 Ω.
NOTE 2 Symbol used in this table: R refers to resistance to ground.
g
5.3.3 ESD protected areas (EPA)
Handling of ESDS without ESD protective covering or packaging shall be performed in an
EPA. Caution signs indicating the existence of the EPA shall be posted and clearly visible to
personnel prior to entry to the EPA.
NOTE 1 An EPA can, for example, consist of a building, an entire room or a single workstation.
Access to the EPA shall be limited to personnel who have completed appropriate ESD
training. Untrained individuals shall be escorted by trained personnel while in an EPA.
All non-essential insulators (plastics and paper) such as coffee cups, food wrappers and
personal items shall be removed from the workstation or any operation where unprotected
ESDS are handled.
The ESD threat associated with process essential insulators shall be evaluated to ensure that:
– the electrostatic field at the position where the ESDS are handled shall not exceed
10 000 V/m;
– if the electrostatic potential measured at the surface of the process required insulator
exceeds 2 000 V, the item shall be kept a minimum of 30 cm from the ESDS.
– 14 – 61340-5-1 © IEC:2007
If the measured electrostatic field or surface potential exceeds the stated limits, ionization or
other charge mitigating techniques shall be used.
An EPA shall be established wherever ESD sensitive products are handled. However, there
are many different ways to establish an ESD control program. The following table lists some
optional ESD control items which can be used to control static electricity. For those ESD
control items that are selected for use in the ESD control program, the required range for that
item becomes mandatory.
NOTE 2 If the limits in Table 3 are exceeded the ESD control program must include a tailoring statement as
required by 6.1.3.
Table 3 – EPA requirements
Compliance verification
Product qualification (see NOTE 1)
EPA
(see NOTE 2)
ESD control
require-
item
Limits Based on test Limits
ments
Test method
(see NOTE 3) method (see NOTE 3)
9 9
Working IEC 61340-2-3 IEC 61340-2-3
R <1x10 Ω R <1x10 Ω
gp g
surfaces,
R <1x10 Ω
p-p
storage racks
and trolleys
(see NOTE 6)
9 9
Flooring IEC 61340-4-1 R <1x10 Ω IEC 61340-4-1 R <1x10 Ω
gp g
(see NOTES 4
and 5)
Ionization ANSI/ESD ANSI/ESD
STM3.1 STM3.1
Decay (1 000 V < 20 s Decay (1 000- < 20 s
to 100 V) 100 V
Offset voltage < ± 50 V Offset voltage < ± 50 V
10 10
Seating IEC 61340-2-3 IEC 61340-2-3
R <1x10 Ω R <1x10 Ω
gp g
(resistance to (8.6.3 with
groundable point exception that
measurements – the measurement
8.6.3.) is to ground)
12 12
Garments ANSI/ESD STM R <1x10 Ω ANSI/ESD STM R <1x10 Ω
p-p p-p
2.1 2.1
9 9
Garments ANSI/ESD STM ANSI/ESD STM
R <1x10 Ω R <1x10 Ω
p-p p-p
(groundable) 2.1 2.1
(see NOTE 7)
NOTE 1 For product qualification, the environmental conditions for testing should be 12 % RH and 23 °C.
NOTE 2 The test methods in the compliance verification column refer to the basic test procedure only. It is not
expected that the test method will be followed in its entirety.
NOTE 3 Symbols used in this table: R refers to point to point resistance. R refers to resistance to ground and R
p-p g gp
refers to resistance to groundable point.
NOTE 4 The maximum test voltage allowed for measuring ESD flooring that should be used for an ESD program
complying with this standard is 100 V.
NOTE 5 If flooring is used for grounding personnel that handle ESDS refer to the system requirements in Table 2.
NOTE 6 In situations where charged device model (CDM) damage is a concern a lower point to point resistance
limit of 1x10 Ω is recommended.
NOTE 7 If a groundable garment is used as par of the person’s primary ground path (person is connected to a
garment which is connected to a grounding cord that is attached to ground) then the maximum resistance from the
person’s body to ground should be 3,5 x 10 Ω.
61340-5-1 © IEC:2007 – 15 –
5.3.4 Packaging
ESD protective packaging and package marking shall be in accordance with customer
contracts, purchase orders, drawing or other documentation. When the contract, purchase
order, drawing or other documentation does not define ESD protective packaging, the
organization shall define ESD protective packaging requirements for ESDS items within the
plan. Packaging, when required, shall be defined for all material movement within protected
areas, between protected areas, between job sites, field service operations and to the
customer.
The following table and the associated test methods shall be used to classify ESD protective
packaging materials that are chosen for use with ESD sensitive products.
Table 4 – Packaging
Test method
Technical requirement ESD control item Required range
(see NOTE 2)
Packaging Static dissipative IEC 61340-2-3 5 11
1X10 ≤ R < 1x10
s
Ω (see NOTE 1)
Conductive IEC 61340-2-3 2 5
1x10 ≤ R < 1x10 Ω
s
Insulator IEC 61340-2-3 11
R ≥1x10 Ω
s
Discharge shielding (bags) ANSI/ESD STM 11.31 <50 nJ
NOTE 1 Refer to IEC 61340-2-3 and use the surface resistance (R ) procedure to make these measurements.
s
NOTE 2 For product qualification of packaging materials, the environmental conditions for testing should be
12 % RH and 23 °C.
5.3.5 Marking
ESDS, system or packaging marking shall be in accordance with customer contracts,
purchase orders, drawing or other documentation. When the contract, purchase order,
drawing or other documentation does not define ESDS, system or packaging marking, the
organization, in developing the ESD control program plan, shall consider the need for
marking. If it is determined that marking is required, it shall be documented as part of the
plan.
– 16 – 61340-5-1 © IEC:2007
Annex A
(normative)
Test methods
A.1 Measurement method for wrist strap testing
The operator shall wear the wrist strap in the normal position and plug the free end of the
cord into the test apparatus. The hand contact plate shall be pressed to verify that the wrist
strap system resistance is within acceptable parameters. The test apparatus can be an
integrated, commercially available tester or other instrumentation that is capable of measuring
4 8
resistance from 5,0x10 Ω to at least 1,0x10 Ω. The tester open-circuit voltage is typically
between 9 V d.c. and 100 V d.c. An example of a typical test apparatus can be found in
Figure A.1.
Apparatus
IEC 1375/07
Figure A.1 – Wrist strap testing
A.2 Measurement procedure for footwear testing (example)
The operator shall stand with one foot on the conductive footwear electrode. The hand
contact plate shall be pressed to verify that the person/footwear system resistance is within
acceptable parameters (see Figure A.2). The test shall be repeated for the other foot. The test
apparatus can be an integrated, commercially available tester or other instrumentation that is
4 8
capable of measuring resistance from 5,0x10 Ω to at least 1,0x10 Ω. The tester open-circuit
voltage is typically between 9 V d.c.and 100 V d.c.
61340-5-1 © IEC:2007 – 17 –
Apparatus
Footwear
electrode
IEC 1376/07
Figure A.2 – Footwear testing (example)
– 18 – 61340-5-1 © IEC:2007
Bibliography
IEC 60749-27, Semiconductor devices – Mechanical and climatic test methods – Part
27:Electrostatic discharge (ESD) sensitivity testing – Machine model (MM)
IEC 61340-1-2, Electrostatics – Part 1-2: Definitions of all parts of the electrostatics series
61340-1-2 (under consideration)
___________
– 20 – 61340-5-1 © CEI:2007
SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS.21
INTRODUCTION.23
1 Domaine d'application .25
2 Références normatives.25
3 Termes et définitions .26
4 Sécurité du personnel.27
5 Programme de contrôle des ESD.27
5.1 Généralités.27
5.1.1 Exigences du programme de contrôle des ESD .27
5.1.2 Coordinateur du programme de contrôle des ESD .27
5.1.3 Personnalisation.27
5.2 Exigences administratives du programme de contrôle des ESD.27
5.2.1 Plan du programme de contrôle des ESD .27
5.2.2 Plan de formation .28
5.2.3 Plan de vérification de conformité.28
5.3 Exigences techniques pour le plan du programme de contrôle des ESD .28
5.3.1 Systèmes de mise à la terre/systèmes de connexion équipotentiels.29
5.3.2 Mise à la terre du personnel .31
5.3.3 Zones protégées contre les décharges électrostatiques (ESD
protected area – EPA) .32
5.3.4 Emballage .34
5.3.5 Marquage .35
Annexe A (normative) Méthodes d'essai .36
Figure 1 – Schéma d'un EPA avec terre de référence .30
Figure 2 – Schéma d'un système de liaison équipotentielle.31
Figure A.1 – Essai d’un bracelet de terre .36
Figure A.2 – Essais de chaussures (exemple).37
Tableau 1 – Exigences de mise à la terre/de connexion.31
Tableau 2 – Exigences de la mise la terre du personnel .32
Tableau 3 – Exigences pour les zones protégées (EPA) .34
Tableau 4 – Emballage .
...
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