IEC 62282-7-2:2021

Fuel cell technologies - Part 7-2: Test methods - Single cell and stack performance tests for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs)

IEC 62282-7-2:2021 applies to SOFC cell/stack assembly units, testing systems, instruments and measuring methods, and specifies test methods to test the performance of SOFC cells and stacks. This document is not applicable to small button cells that are designed for SOFC material testing and provide no practical means of fuel utilization measurement. This document is used based on the recommendation of the entity that provides the cell performance specification or for acquiring data on a cell or stack in order to estimate the performance of a system based on it. Users of this document can selectively execute test items suitable for their purposes from those described in this document. This first edition cancels and replaces IEC TS 62282-7-2 published in 2014. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC TS 62282­7-2:2014:
- users can substitute selected test methods of this document with equivalent test methods of IEC 62282-8-101 for solid oxide cell (SOC) operation for energy storage purposes, operated in reverse or reversible mode;
- terms and definitions are aligned with the corresponding terms and definitions in IEC 62282-8-101;
- symbols are aligned with the corresponding symbols in IEC 62282-8-101.

Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 7-2: Méthodes d’essai - Essais de performance de cellule élémentaire et de pile pour les piles à combustible à oxyde solide (SOFC)

IEC 62282-7-2:2021 s’applique aux entités d'assemblage de cellules/piles SOFC, aux systèmes d'essai, aux instruments et aux méthodes de mesure, et spécifie des méthodes d'essai afin de vérifier les performances des cellules et des piles SOFC. Le présent document n'est pas applicable aux petites piles boutons qui sont conçues pour les essais de matériaux SOFC et ne prévoient aucun moyen pratique de mesure de l'utilisation de combustible.
Le présent document est utilisé en réponse à la recommandation de l'entité qui fournit la spécification des performances des cellules ou pour l'acquisition de données sur une cellule ou une pile afin d'estimer les performances d'un système sur la base de ces données. Dans ce but, les utilisateurs du présent document peuvent choisir d'exécuter des éléments d'essai parmi ceux qui sont décrits ici.Cette première édition annule et remplace l'IEC TS 62282-7-2 parue en 2014. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l’IEC TS 62282-7-2:2014:
- les utilisateurs peuvent remplacer les méthodes d’essai sélectionnées du présent document par les méthodes d’essai équivalentes de l’IEC 62282-8-101 pour l’utilisation des piles à oxyde solide (SOC – solid oxide cell) à des fins de stockage de l’énergie, en mode inversé ou réversible;
- les termes et définitions sont alignés sur les termes et définitions correspondants de l’IEC 62282-8-101;
- les symboles sont alignés sur les symboles correspondants de l’IEC 62282-8-101.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 20-May-2021
• ICS: 27.070 - Fuel cells
• Technical Committee: TC 105 - Fuel cell technologies
• Drafting Committee: MT 103 - TC 105/MT 103
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 04-Jun-2021
• Completion Date: 21-May-2021

Relations

• Revises: IEC TS 62282-7-2:2014 - Fuel cell technologies - Part 7-2: Test methods - Single cell and stack performance tests for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 62282-7-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2021-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 7-2: Test methods – Single cell and stack performance tests for solid oxide
fuel cells (SOFCs)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

IEC Central Office Tel.: [phone]
3, rue de Varembé [e-mail]
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.

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If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or
need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
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IEC 62282-7-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2021-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 7-2: Test methods – Single cell and stack performance tests for solid oxide

fuel cells (SOFCs)
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-8322-9805-3

– 2 – IEC 62282-7-2:2021  IEC 2021
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and symbols. 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols . 10
4 General safety conditions . 11
5 Cell/stack assembly unit . 11
6 Testing system . 12
6.1 Subsystems in testing system . 12
6.2 Maximum variation in control items of testing system . 13
7 Instruments and measurement methods . 14
7.1 General . 14
7.2 Instrument uncertainty . 14
7.3 Anode gas . 14
7.4 Cathode gas . 17
7.5 Output voltage . 18
7.6 Output current . 18
7.7 Cell/stack assembly unit temperature . 18
7.8 Mechanical load . 18
7.9 Total impedance . 18
7.10 Ambient conditions. 19
8 Test preparation . 19
8.1 General . 19
8.2 Standard test conditions and test range . 19
8.3 Components and impurities of anode gas and cathode gas . 20
8.4 Basis of the test procedure . 20
8.5 Confirmation of aging conditions of unit . 20
8.6 Confirmation of criteria of stable state . 20
8.7 Data acquisition method . 20
9 Test procedure . 20
9.1 Set-up . 20
9.2 Initial conditioning . 21
9.3 Shut-down . 21
10 Performance test . 21
10.1 Rated power test . 21
10.2 Current-voltage characteristics test . 22
10.3 Effective fuel utilization dependency test . 23
10.4 Long term durability test . 24
10.5 Thermal cycling durability test . 25
10.6 Internal reforming performance test . 26
10.7 Resistance components identification test . 27
11 Test report . 28
11.1 General . 28

11.2 Report items . 28
11.3 Test unit data description . 29
11.4 Test conditions description. 29
11.5 Test data description . 29
11.6 Uncertainty evaluation . 29
Annex A (informative) Example of cell assembly unit . 30
Annex B (informative) Calculation of effective fuel utilization . 31
B.1 General . 31
B.2 Calculation method . 31
B.3 Calculation examples . 32
Annex C (informative) Calculation of effective oxygen utilization . 34
C.1 General . 34
C.2 Calculation method . 34
C.3 Calculation example . 35
Annex D (informative) Maximum width of the voltage hysteresis in I‑V characteristics test . 36
Annex E (informative) Current-voltage characteristics test under constant effective
fuel utilization . 37
Annex F (informative) Test report (template) . 38
F.1 Overview. 38
F.2 General information . 38
F.3 Test unit data description . 38
F.4 Test conditions . 39
F.5 Rated power test . 39
F.6 Current-voltage characteristics test . 39
F.7 Effective fuel utilization dependency test . 40
F.8 Long-term durability test . 41
F.9 Thermal cycling durability test . 42
F.10 Internal reforming performance test . 42
F.11 Resistance components identification test . 43
Annex G (informative) Method for determining instrument uncertainty . 44
Bibliography . 45

Figure 1 – Testing system . 12
Figure 2 – Typical diagram of complex impedance plot for SOFC . 28
Figure A.1 – Example of cell assembly unit . 30
Figure D.1 – Voltage hysteresis at a given sweep rate in I-V characteristics test . 36
Figure E.1 – Example of the record in current-voltage characteristics test under
constant effective fuel utilization . 37

Table 1 – Symbols . 10
Table B.1 − n for representative fuels . 32
j
Table B.2 − Anode gas composition, flow rate of each fuel component q , and n q . 32
j j j
Table C.1 − Cathode gas composition, q , and I . 35
O2 theory
– 4 – IEC 62282-7-2:2021  IEC 2021
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 7-2: Test methods – Single cell and
stack performance tests for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs)

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
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Publication(s)"). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this prep
...

IEC 62282-7-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2021-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 7-2: Test methods – Single cell and stack performance tests for solid oxide
fuel cells (SOFCs)
Technologies des piles à combustible –
Partie 7-2: Méthodes d’essai – Essais de performance de cellule élémentaire et
de pile pour les piles à combustible à oxyde solide (SOFC)

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

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About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.

IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC online collection - oc.iec.ch
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a Discover our powerful search engine and read freely all the
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical publications previews. With a subscription you will always
committee, …). It also gives information on projects, replaced have access to up to date content tailored to your needs.
and withdrawn publications.
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IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published
containing more than 22 000 terminological entries in English
details all new publications released. Available online and
and French, with equivalent terms in 18 additional languages.
once a month by email.
Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary

(IEV) online.
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If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or
need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
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IEC 62282-7-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2021-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 7-2: Test methods – Single cell and stack performance tests for solid oxide

fuel cells (SOFCs)
Technologies des piles à combustible –

Partie 7-2: Méthodes d’essai – Essais de performance de cellule élémentaire et

de pile pour les piles à combustible à oxyde solide (SOFC)

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-8322-1037-3

– 2 – IEC 62282-7-2:2021  IEC 2021
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and symbols. 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols . 10
4 General safety conditions . 11
5 Cell/stack assembly unit . 11
6 Testing system . 12
6.1 Subsystems in testing system . 12
6.2 Maximum variation in control items of testing system . 13
7 Instruments and measurement methods . 14
7.1 General . 14
7.2 Instrument uncertainty . 14
7.3 Anode gas . 14
7.4 Cathode gas . 17
7.5 Output voltage . 18
7.6 Output current . 18
7.7 Cell/stack assembly unit temperature . 18
7.8 Mechanical load . 18
7.9 Total impedance . 18
7.10 Ambient conditions. 19
8 Test preparation . 19
8.1 General . 19
8.2 Standard test conditions and test range . 19
8.3 Components and impurities of anode gas and cathode gas . 20
8.4 Basis of the test procedure . 20
8.5 Confirmation of aging conditions of unit . 20
8.6 Confirmation of criteria of stable state . 20
8.7 Data acquisition method . 20
9 Test procedure . 20
9.1 Set-up . 20
9.2 Initial conditioning . 21
9.3 Shut-down . 21
10 Performance test . 21
10.1 Rated power test . 21
10.2 Current-voltage characteristics test . 22
10.3 Effective fuel utilization dependency test . 23
10.4 Long term durability test . 24
10.5 Thermal cycling durability test . 25
10.6 Internal reforming performance test . 26
10.7 Resistance components identification test . 27
11 Test report . 28
11.1 General . 28

11.2 Report items . 28
11.3 Test unit data description . 29
11.4 Test conditions description. 29
11.5 Test data description . 29
11.6 Uncertainty evaluation . 29
Annex A (informative) Example of cell assembly unit . 30
Annex B (informative) Calculation of effective fuel utilization . 31
B.1 General . 31
B.2 Calculation method . 31
B.3 Calculation examples . 32
Annex C (informative) Calculation of effective oxygen utilization . 34
C.1 General . 34
C.2 Calculation method . 34
C.3 Calculation example . 35
Annex D (informative) Maximum width of the voltage hysteresis in I‑V characteristics test . 36
Annex E (informative) Current-voltage characteristics test under constant effective
fuel utilization . 37
Annex F (informative) Test report (template) . 38
F.1 Overview. 38
F.2 General information . 38
F.3 Test unit data description . 38
F.4 Test conditions . 39
F.5 Rated power test . 39
F.6 Current-voltage characteristics test . 39
F.7 Effective fuel utilization dependency test .
...