IEC 62282-6-100:2010
(Main)Fuel cell technologies - Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems - Safety
Fuel cell technologies - Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems - Safety
IEC 62282-6-100:2010 covers micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel cartridges that are wearable or easily carried by hand, providing d.c. outputs that do not exceed 60 V d.c. and power outputs that do not exceed 240 VA. Establishes requirements for all micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel cartridges to ensure a reasonable degree of safety for normal use, reasonably foreseeable misuse, and consumer transportation of such items. The attention of National Committees is drawn to the fact that equipment manufacturers and testing organizations may need a transitional period following publication of a new, amended or revised IEC publication or one that replaces an existing Publicly Available Specification (PAS) in which to make products in accordance with the new requirements and to equip themselves for conducting new or revised tests. It is the recommendation of the committee that the content of this publication be adopted for implementation nationally not earlier than 12 months from the date of publication. In the meantime, IEC/PAS 62282-6-1 can still be ordered by contacting the local IEC member National Committee or the IEC Central Office. The contents of the corrigendum of December 2011 have been included in this copy.
Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 6-100: Systèmes à micropiles à combustible - Sécurité
L’IEC 62282-6-100:2010 traite des systèmes à micropiles à combustible, des blocs d'alimentation électrique des micropiles à combustible et des cartouches de combustible, qui sont portatifs ou qui peuvent être facilement portés à la main, fournissant une tension de sortie en courant continu ne dépassant pas 60 V et une puissance de sortie ne dépassant pas 240 VA. La présente norme établit des exigences pour tous les systèmes à micropiles à combustible, les blocs d'alimentation électrique des micropiles à combustible et les cartouches de combustible, afin d'assurer un degré de sécurité raisonnable pour l'utilisation normale, le mauvais usage raisonnablement prévisible, et le transport pour la vente de tels éléments. L'attention des Comités Nationaux est attirée sur le fait que les fabricants d'appareils et les organismes d'essai peuvent avoir besoin d'une période transitoire après la publication d'une nouvelle publication IEC, ou d'une publication amendée ou révisée, voire d’une publication qui remplace une Spécification accessible au public (PAS) existante, pour fabriquer des produits conformes aux nouvelles exigences et se doter des moyens nécessaires pour procéder à des essais selon des méthodes nouvelles ou révisées. Le comité recommande que le contenu de cette publication soit entériné au niveau national au plus tôt 12 mois après la date de publication. Avant cette date, le document IEC/PAS 62282-6-1 peut toujours être commandé auprès du Comité National membre de l’IEC ou du Bureau Central de l’IEC. Le contenu du corrigendum de décembre 2011 a été pris en considération dans cet exemplaire.
General Information
Relations
Overview
IEC 62282-6-100:2010 (consolidated Edition 1.1, 2012) is the international safety standard for micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel cartridges that are wearable or easily carried by hand. The standard applies to devices providing d.c. outputs up to 60 V DC and power outputs up to 240 VA, and establishes safety requirements for normal use, reasonably foreseeable misuse and consumer transportation. The published copy includes the December 2011 corrigendum and notes a recommended national implementation delay (typically 12 months) to allow manufacturers and test laboratories to transition.
Key Topics and Requirements
This standard addresses the full safety lifecycle of micro fuel cell systems, including:
- Scope limits: voltage and power limits; wearable/hand-carried device classification.
- Materials & construction: selection of materials, mechanical enclosures, fuel valve and cartridge construction.
- Hazard analysis: requirement for FMEA / hazard analysis to identify and mitigate risks.
- Protection strategies: against fire, explosion, corrosivity, toxicity and electrical hazards.
- Abnormal and fault conditions: tests and passing criteria for simulated faults, external short-circuits, and abnormal operation including integrated battery scenarios.
- Type tests: comprehensive testing such as leakage/mass loss, pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, high temperature exposure, drop, compressive loading, surface/exhaust temperatures, long-term storage and emissions testing.
- Marking & documentation: minimum markings for fuel cartridges and systems, instructions, warnings and technical documentation requirements.
- Fuel-specific annexes: normative annexes cover formic acid, hydrogen in metal hydrides, reformed methanol, methanol clathrates, borohydride variants and butane solid oxide systems - addressing fuel-specific hazards and test methods.
Practical Applications
IEC 62282-6-100 is intended for the design, manufacture, testing and certification of portable micro fuel cell products such as:
- wearable power modules,
- handheld micro fuel cell chargers and power supplies,
- portable power units for consumer electronics and field equipment.
The standard ensures devices meet recognized safety performance under real-world use, transport and storage conditions, and guides emissions and leakage controls for user safety.
Who Should Use This Standard
- Product and design engineers developing micro fuel cell power systems
- Safety and compliance teams preparing regulatory submissions and certifications
- Test laboratories performing type and compliance testing
- Manufacturers of fuel cartridges and portable fuel-cell-based consumer products
- Regulatory bodies and certification organizations setting national safety requirements
Related Standards
- IEC/PAS 62282-6-1 (transitional reference)
- Other parts of the IEC 62282 series (fuel cell technologies) for broader system and application guidance
Keywords: IEC 62282-6-100, micro fuel cell power systems, safety standard, fuel cartridges, type tests, FMEA, emissions, portable fuel cells.
Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 62282-6-100 ®
Edition 1.0 2010-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems – Safety
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IEC 62282-6-100 ®
Edition 1.0 2010-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems – Safety
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XH
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-88910-662-2
– 2 – 62282-6-100 © IEC:2010(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.9
1 Scope.11
1.1 General .11
1.2 Fuels and technologies covered .11
1.3 Equivalent level of safety.13
2 Normative references .13
3 Terms and definitions .14
4 Materials and construction of micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power
units and fuel cartridges .18
4.1 General .18
4.2 FMEA / hazard analysis.18
4.3 General materials .18
4.4 Selection of materials.18
4.5 General construction .19
4.6 Fuel valves.19
4.7 Materials and construction – system.20
4.8 Ignition sources.20
4.9 Enclosures and acceptance strategies.21
4.9.1 Parts requiring a fire enclosure.21
4.9.2 Parts not requiring a fire enclosure .21
4.9.3 Materials for components and other parts outside fire enclosures .22
4.9.4 Materials for components and other parts inside fire enclosures .23
4.9.5 Mechanical enclosures .24
4.10 Protection against fire, explosion, corrosivity and toxicity hazard.24
4.11 Protection against electrical hazards .25
4.12 Fuel supply construction.25
4.12.1 Fuel cartridge construction .25
4.12.2 Fuel cartridge fill requirement .26
4.13 Protection against mechanical hazards.26
4.13.1 Piping and tubing other than fuel lines.26
4.13.2 Exterior surface and component temperature limits .26
4.13.3 Motors .27
4.14 Construction of electric device components.28
4.14.1 Limited power sources.28
4.14.2 Devices that use electronic controllers.29
4.14.3 Electrical conductors/wiring .29
4.14.4 Output terminal area.30
4.14.5 Electric components and attachments.30
4.14.6 Protection.30
5 Abnormal operating and fault conditions testing and requirements.31
5.1 General .31
5.2 Compliance testing.31
5.3 Passing criteria .32
5.4 Simulated faults and abnormal conditions for limited power and SELV circuits .32
5.5 Abnormal operation – electromechanical components .32
5.6 Abnormal operation of micro fuel cell power systems or units with integrated
batteries .33
62282-6-100 © IEC:2010(E) – 3 –
5.7 Abnormal operation – simulation of faults based on hazard analysis.33
6 Instructions and warnings for micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power
units and fuel cartridges .34
6.1 General .34
6.2 Minimum markings required on the fuel cartridge.34
6.3 Minimum markings required on the micro fuel cell power system .34
6.4 Additional information required either on the fuel cartridge or on
accompanying written information or on the micro fuel cell power system or
micro fuel cell power unit.35
6.5 Technical documentation.35
7 Type tests for micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel
cartridges .36
7.1 General .36
7.2 Leakage measurement of methanol and the measuring procedure.37
7.3 Type tests .44
7.3.1 Pressure differential tests .44
7.3.2 Vibration test .46
7.3.3 Temperature cycling test .47
7.3.4 High temperature exposure test.48
7.3.5 Drop test .48
7.3.6 Compressive loading test .49
7.3.7 External short-circuit test.50
7.3.8 Surface, component and exhaust gas temperature test.51
7.3.9 Long-term storage test .51
7.3.10 High-temperature connection test .56
7.3.11 Connection cycling tests .56
7.3.12 Emission test.59
Annex A (normative) Formic acid micro fuel cell power systems.64
Annex B (normative) Hydrogen stored in hydrogen absorbing metal alloy and micro
fuel cell power systems.96
Annex C (normative) Reformed methanol micro fuel cell power systems . 145
Annex D (normative) Methanol clathrate compound micro fuel cell power systems.159
Annex E (normative) Borohydride micro fuel cell power systems: Class 8 (corrosive)
compounds in indirect borohydride fuel cells.183
Annex F (normative) Borohydride micro fuel cell power systems: Class 4.3 (water
reactive) compounds in indirect borohydride fuel cells . 234
Annex G (normative) Borohydride micro fuel cell power systems: Class 8 (corrosive)
compounds in direct borohydride fuel cells.284
Annex H (normative) Butane solid oxide micro fuel cell power systems. 331
Bibliography.370
Figure 1 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram.12
Figure 2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential,
vibration, drop, and compressive loading tests.38
Figure 3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature cycling
test and high temperature exposure test .39
Figure 4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop and
compressive loading tests.40
– 4 – 62282-6-100 © IEC:2010(E)
Figure 5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test .41
Figure 6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test .42
Figure 7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test .43
Figure 8 – Temperature cycling.48
Figure 9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term storage test .55
Figure 10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus.60
Figure 11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus.60
Figure A.1 – Formic acid micro fuel cell power system block diagram – Replaces
Figure 1 .64
Figure A.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for pressure
differential, vibration, drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 .70
Figure A.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 .71
Figure A.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling test, drop,
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4.72
Figure A.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 .73
Figure A.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6.74
Figure A.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7.75
Figure A.9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term
storage test – Replaces Figure 9 .82
Figure A.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 .83
Figure A.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 .84
Figure A.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system .92
Figure B.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration,
drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2. 107
Figure B.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for temperature cycling test and
high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 .108
Figure B.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop, and
compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4.109
Figure B.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 110
Figure B.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 120
Figure B.9 – Fuel cartridge hydrogen leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-
term storage test – Replaces Figure 9 .131
Figure B.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 .137
Figure B.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system .141
Figure C.1 – General block diagram of a reformed methanol micro fuel cell power
system – Replaces Figure 1.145
Figure C.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 149
62282-6-100 © IEC:2010(E) – 5 –
Figure C.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 .150
Figure C.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system .155
Figure D.1 – Methanol clathrate compound micro fuel cell power system block diagram
– Replaces Figure 1.159
Figure D.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for pressure
differential, vibration, drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 165
Figure D.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 166
Figure D.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4.167
Figure D.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 168
Figure D.9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term storage
test – Replaces Figure 9 .179
Figure D.12 – Fuel cartridge of methanol clathrate compound.160
Figure D.13 – Usage of methanol clathrate compound with micro fuel cell power unit .160
Figure E.1 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for liquid Class 8 (corrosive)
borohydride compound fuel with onboard fuel processing – Replaces Figure 1 . 183
Figure E.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for vibration, drop, compressive
loading – Replaces Figure 2 .197
Figure E.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 198
Figure E.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4.199
Figure E.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 200
Figure E.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6. 201
Figure E.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7. 202
Figure E.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 207
Figure E.9 – Fuel cartridge hydrogen leakage and mass loss test flowchart for long-
term storage test – Replaces Figure 9 .213
Figure E.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 .223
Figure E.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 .223
Figure E.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system – Replaces Figure 12.230
Figure E.13 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for liquid Class 8 (corrosive)
borohydride compound fuel with fuel cartridge fuel processing. 184
Figure E.14 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for solid Class 8 (corrosive)
borohydride compound fuel with fuel cartridge fuel processing and cartridge fuel
management.185
Figure E.15 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for solid Class 8 (corrosive)
compound fuel with cartridge fuel processing and fuel management internal to the
micro fuel cell power unit .186
Figure E.16 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for external pressure test. 231
– 6 – 62282-6-100 © IEC:2010(E)
Figure F.1 – Borohydride micro fuel cell power system block diagram for Class 4.3
(water reactive) compound fuel in indirect borohydride fuel cell system; fuel
management in micro fuel cell power unit – Replaces Figure 1 . 235
Figure F.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration,
drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2. 247
Figure F.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 248
Figure F.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4.249
Figure F.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 250
Figure F.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6. 251
Figure F.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7. 252
Figure F.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 .257
Figure F.9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term
storage test – Replaces Figure 9 .263
Figure F.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 273
Figure F.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces Figure
11 .273
Figure F.12 – Borohydride micro fuel cell power system block diagram for Class 4.3
(water reactive) compound fuel in indirect borohydride fuel cell system; fuel
management in fuel cartridge.236
Figure F.13 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system .280
Figure F.14 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for low external pressure test. 281
Figure G.1 – Direct borohydride micro fuel cell power system block diagram –
Replaces Figure 1.284
Figure G.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration,
drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2. 295
Figure G.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 296
Figure G.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop, and
compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4.297
Figure G.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 298
Figure G.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6. 299
Figure G.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7. 300
Figure G.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8.306
Figure G.9 – Fuel cartridge hydrogen leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-
term storage test – Replaces Figure 9 .311
Figure G.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 320
Figure G.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 .321
Figure G.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system .328
62282-6-100 © IEC:2010(E) – 7 –
Figure G.13 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for low external pressure test . 301
Figure H.1 – Butane solid oxide micro fuel cell power system block diagram –
Replaces Figure 1.331
Figure H.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for vibration, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2.338
Figure H.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 339
Figure H.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4.340
Figure H.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 341
Figure H.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6. 342
Figure H.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7. 343
Figure H.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 349
Figure H.9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term
storage test – Replaces Figure 9 .356
Figure H.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 361
Figure H.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus . 362
Table 1 – Summary of material flammability requirements.22
Table 2 – Temperature limits .27
Table 3 – Limits for inherently limited power sources .28
Table 4 – Limits for power sources not inherently limited (Over-current protection
required).29
Table 5 – List of type tests.36
Table 6 – Laboratory standard conditions .37
Table 7 – Emission limits .63
Table A.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5.68
Table A.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 .69
Table A.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 .93
Table A.8 – Occupational exposure limits .93
Table B.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5. 105
Table B.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 106
Table B.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 .142
Table C.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 .148
Table C.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 149
Table C.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7. 156
Table C.8 – Occupational exposure limits .156
Table D.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 .163
Table D.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 164
Table E.5 – List of type tests – Replaces table 5. 194
Table E.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 195
Table E.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 .229
– 8 – 62282-6-100 © IEC:2010(E)
Table F.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5.244
Table F.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 .245
Table F.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 .279
Table G.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 .292
Table G.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6. 293
Table G.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7.327
Table H.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 .336
Table H.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 337
Table H.7 – Emission Limits – Replaces Table 7. 365
Table H.8 – Occupational exposure limits .366
62282-6-100 © IEC:2010(E) – 9 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems –
Safety
FOREWORD
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International Standard IEC 62282-6-100 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 105:
Fuel cell technologies
This standard cancels and replaces IEC/PAS 62282-6-1 published in 2006. This first edition
constitutes a technical revision.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
105/255/FDIS 105/261/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
– 10 – 62282-6-100 IEC:2010(E)
How to use this standard:
The subclauses and clauses of the main body of the text are modified, replaced or applied as
they are in each of the annexes, which applies to a different technology. Instructions are
written in Italic type.
a) For the methanol, and methanol and water fuels covered by Clauses 1 through 7, all
requirements are given in Clauses 1 through 7 and the annexes should not be used for
these fuels.
b) For the specific fuels and technologies covered by Annexes A through H, each annex
outlines the additional or modified requirements with respect to the requirements contained
in Clauses 1 through 7 for certification of such micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell
power units and their respective fuel cartridges covered by the specific annex.
c) Where possible, the numbering system of the annexes corresponds to the numbering of
Clauses 1 through 7 and their subclauses. Requirements from Clauses 1 through 7 and
their subclauses not specifically addressed in an annex apply to the fuels and
technologies covered by that particular annex as written in Clauses 1 through 7.
d) Where an annex gives specific subclause direction – preceded by the annex letter
designator – those specific subclauses in the annex reflect the additional or modified
requirements for the fuels and technologies covered by the particular annex and shall be
followed for that annex. Any additional subclauses have been assigned new numbers and
shall be followed.
e) Modified or replacement figures or tables have been given modified table or figure
designators – based on the figure or table number in Clauses 1 through 7 preceded by the
annex letter designator. New figures or tables in the annexes have been given new figure
or table designators and shall also be used.
A list of all parts of the IEC 62282 series, under the general title Fuel cell technologies, can
be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
NOTE The attention of National Committees is drawn to the fact that equipment manufacturers and testing
organizations may need a transitional period following publication of a new, amended or revised IEC publication or
one that replaces an existing Publicly Available Specification (PAS) in which to make products in accordance with
the new requirements and to equip themselves for conducting new or revised tests.
It is the recommendation of the committee that the content of this publication be adopted for implementation
nationally not earlier than 12 months from the date of publication.
In the meantime, IEC/PAS 62282-6-1 can still be ordered by contacting the local IEC member National Committee
or the IEC Central Office.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.
The contents of the corrigendum of December 2011 have been included in this copy.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
62282-6-100 © IEC:2010(E) – 11 –
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems –
Safety
1 Scope
1.1 General
a) This consumer safety standard covers micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power
units and fuel cartridges that are wearable or easily carried by hand, providing d.c.
outputs that do not exceed 60 V d.c. and power outputs that do not exceed 240 VA.
Portable fuel cell power systems that provide output levels that exceed these electrical
limits are covered by IEC 62282-5-1.
b) Externally accessible circuitry is therefore considered to be safety extra low voltage
(SELV) circuitry as defined in IEC 60950-1:2005, and as limited power circuits if further
compliance with 2.5 of IEC 60950-1:2005 is demonstrated. Micro fuel cell power systems
or units that have internal circuitry exceeding 60 V d.c. or 240 VA should be appropriately
evaluated in accordance with the separate criteria of IEC 60950-1:2005.
c) This consumer safety standard covers all micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell
power units and fuel cartridges. This standard establishes requirements for all micro fuel
cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel cartridges to ensure a reasonable
degree of safety for normal use, reasonably foreseeable misuse, and consumer
transportation of such items. The fuel cartridges covered by this standard are not intended
to be refilled by the consumer. Fuel cartridges refilled by the manufacturer or by trained
technicians shall meet all requirements of this standard.
d) These products are not intended for use in hazardous areas as defined by IEV 426-03-01.
1.2 Fuels and technologies covered
a) A micro fuel cell power system block diagram is shown in Figure 1.
b) All portions of this standard, including all annexes, apply to micro fuel cell power systems,
micro fuel cell power units and fuel cartridges as defined in Subclause 1.1 above.
c) Clauses 1 through 7
...
IEC 62282-6-100 ®
Edition 1.1 2012-10
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems – Safety
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IEC 62282-6-100 ®
Edition 1.1 2012-10
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems – Safety
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-8322-0423-8
– 2 – 62282-6-100 IEC:2010+A1:2012(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 9
1 Scope . 12
1.1 General . 12
1.2 Fuels and technologies covered . 12
1.3 Equivalent level of safety. 14
2 Normative references . 14
3 Terms and definitions . 15
4 Materials and construction of micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power
units and fuel cartridges . 19
4.1 General . 19
4.2 FMEA / hazard analysis . 19
4.3 General materials . 19
4.4 Selection of materials . 19
4.5 General construction . 20
4.6 Fuel valves . 20
4.7 Materials and construction – system . 21
4.8 Ignition sources . 21
4.9 Enclosures and acceptance strategies. 22
4.9.1 Parts requiring a fire enclosure . 22
4.9.2 Parts not requiring a fire enclosure . 22
4.9.3 Materials for components and other parts outside fire enclosures . 23
4.9.4 Materials for components and other parts inside fire enclosures . 24
4.9.5 Mechanical enclosures . 25
4.10 Protection against fire, explosion, corrosivity and toxicity hazard . 25
4.11 Protection against electrical hazards . 26
4.12 Fuel supply construction . 26
4.12.1 Fuel cartridge construction . 26
4.12.2 Fuel cartridge fill requirement . 27
4.13 Protection against mechanical hazards . 27
4.13.1 Piping and tubing other than fuel lines . 27
4.13.2 Exterior surface and component temperature limits . 27
4.13.3 Motors . 28
4.14 Construction of electric device components . 29
4.14.1 Limited power sources . 29
4.14.2 Devices that use electronic controllers . 30
4.14.3 Electrical conductors/wiring . 30
4.14.4 Output terminal area . 31
4.14.5 Electric components and attachments . 31
4.14.6 Protection . 31
5 Abnormal operating and fault conditions testing and requirements . 32
5.1 General . 32
5.2 Compliance testing . 32
5.3 Passing criteria . 33
62282-6-100 IEC:2010+A1:2012(E) – 3 –
5.4 Simulated faults and abnormal conditions for limited power and SELV circuits . 33
5.5 Abnormal operation – electromechanical components . 33
5.6 Abnormal operation of micro fuel cell power systems or units with integrated
batteries . 34
5.7 Abnormal operation – simulation of faults based on hazard analysis. 34
6 Instructions and warnings for micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power
units and fuel cartridges . 35
6.1 General . 35
6.2 Minimum markings required on the fuel cartridge . 35
6.3 Minimum markings required on the micro fuel cell power system . 35
6.4 Additional information required either on the fuel cartridge or on
accompanying written information or on the micro fuel cell power system or
micro fuel cell power unit . 36
6.5 Technical documentation . 36
7 Type tests for micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel
cartridges . 37
7.1 General . 37
7.2 Leakage measurement of methanol and the measuring procedure . 38
7.3 Type tests . 45
7.3.1 Pressure differential tests . 45
7.3.2 Vibration test . 47
7.3.3 Temperature cycling test . 48
7.3.4 High temperature exposure test . 49
7.3.5 Drop test . 49
7.3.6 Compressive loading test . 50
7.3.7 External short-circuit test . 51
7.3.8 Surface, component and exhaust gas temperature test . 52
7.3.9 Long-term storage test . 52
7.3.10 High-temperature connection test . 57
7.3.11 Connection cycling tests . 57
7.3.12 Emission test . 60
Annex A (normative) Formic acid micro fuel cell power systems . 65
Annex B (normative) Hydrogen stored in hydrogen absorbing metal alloy and micro
fuel cell power systems . 97
Annex C (normative) Reformed methanol micro fuel cell power systems . 146
Annex D (normative) Methanol clathrate compound micro fuel cell power systems . 160
Annex E (normative) Borohydride micro fuel cell power systems: Class 8 (corrosive)
compounds in indirect borohydride fuel cells . 184
Annex F (normative) Borohydride micro fuel cell power systems: Class 4.3 (water
reactive) compounds in indirect borohydride fuel cells . 242
Annex G (normative) Borohydride micro fuel cell power systems: Class 8 (corrosive)
compounds in direct borohydride fuel cells. 300
Annex H (normative) Butane solid oxide micro fuel cell power systems . 347
Bibliography . 386
– 4 – 62282-6-100 IEC:2010+A1:2012(E)
Figure 1 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram . 13
Figure 2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential,
vibration, drop, and compressive loading tests . 39
Figure 3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature cycling
test and high temperature exposure test . 40
Figure 4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop and
compressive loading tests . 41
Figure 5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test . 42
Figure 6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test . 43
Figure 7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test . 44
Figure 8 – Temperature cycling . 49
Figure 9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term storage test . 56
Figure 10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus . 61
Figure 11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus . 61
Figure A.1 – Formic acid micro fuel cell power system block diagram – Replaces
Figure 1 . 65
Figure A.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for pressure
differential, vibration, drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 71
Figure A.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 72
Figure A.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling test, drop,
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 73
Figure A.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 74
Figure A.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6 . 75
Figure A.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7 . 76
Figure A.9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term
storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 83
Figure A.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 84
Figure A.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 . 85
Figure A.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 93
Figure B.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration,
drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 108
Figure B.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for temperature cycling test and
high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 109
Figure B.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop, and
compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 110
Figure B.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 111
62282-6-100 IEC:2010+A1:2012(E) – 5 –
Figure B.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 121
Figure B.9 – Fuel cartridge hydrogen leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-
term storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 132
Figure B.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 138
Figure B.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 142
Figure C.1 – General block diagram of a reformed methanol micro fuel cell power
system – Replaces Figure 1 . 146
Figure C.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 150
Figure C.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 . 151
Figure C.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 156
Figure D.1 – Methanol clathrate compound micro fuel cell power system block diagram
– Replaces Figure 1 . 160
Figure D.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for pressure
differential, vibration, drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 166
Figure D.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 167
Figure D.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 168
Figure D.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 169
Figure D.9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term storage
test – Replaces Figure 9 . 180
Figure D.12 – Fuel cartridge of methanol clathrate compound . 161
Figure D.13 – Usage of methanol clathrate compound with micro fuel cell power unit . 161
Figure E.1 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for liquid Class 8 (corrosive)
borohydride compound fuel with onboard fuel processing – Replaces Figure 1 . 184
Figure E.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and hydrogen leakage and test flow chart for
vibration, drop, compressive loading – Replaces Figure 2 . 199
Figure E.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss hydrogen leakage test flow chart for
temperature cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 201
Figure E.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature
cycling, drop and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 203
Figure E.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces
Figure 5 . 205
Figure E.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test –
Replaces Figure 6 . 206
Figure E.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test –
Replaces Figure 7 . 207
Figure E.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 213
Figure E.9 – Fuel cartridge hydrogen leakage and mass loss test flowchart for long-
term storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 220
– 6 – 62282-6-100 IEC:2010+A1:2012(E)
Figure E.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 230
Figure E.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 . 231
Figure E.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system – Replaces Figure 12 . 237
Figure E.13 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for liquid Class 8 (corrosive)
borohydride compound fuel with fuel cartridge fuel processing . 185
Figure E.14 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for solid Class 8 (corrosive)
borohydride compound fuel with fuel cartridge fuel processing and cartridge fuel
management . 186
Figure E.15 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for solid Class 8 (corrosive)
compound fuel with cartridge fuel processing and fuel management internal to the
micro fuel cell power unit . 187
Figure E.16 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for low external pressure test . 239
Figure F.1 – Borohydride micro fuel cell power system block diagram for Class 4.3
(water reactive) compound fuel in indirect borohydride fuel cell system; fuel
management in micro fuel cell power unit – Replaces Figure 1 . 243
Figure F.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and hydrogen leakage test flow chart for pressure
differential, vibration, drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 257
Figure F.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss hydrogen leakage test flow chart for
temperature cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 259
Figure F.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature
cycling, drop and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 261
Figure F.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces
Figure 5 . 263
Figure F.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test –
Replaces Figure 6 . 264
Figure F.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test –
Replaces Figure 7 . 265
Figure F.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 271
Figure F.9 – Fuel cartridge hydrogen leakage and mass loss test flow chart
for long-term storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 278
Figure F.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 288
Figure F.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces Figure
11 . 288
Figure F.12 – Borohydride micro fuel cell power system block diagram for Class 4.3
(water reactive) compound fuel in indirect borohydride fuel cell system; fuel
management in fuel cartridge . 244
Figure F.13 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 295
Figure F.14 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for low external pressure test . 297
Figure G.1 – Direct borohydride micro fuel cell power system block diagram –
Replaces Figure 1 . 300
Figure G.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration,
drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 311
62282-6-100 IEC:2010+A1:2012(E) – 7 –
Figure G.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 312
Figure G.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop, and
compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 313
Figure G.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 314
Figure G.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6 . 315
Figure G.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7 . 316
Figure G.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 322
Figure G.9 – Fuel cartridge hydrogen leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-
term storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 327
Figure G.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 336
Figure G.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 . 337
Figure G.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 344
Figure G.13 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for low external pressure test . 317
Figure H.1 – Butane solid oxide micro fuel cell power system block diagram –
Replaces Figure 1 . 347
Figure H.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for vibration, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 354
Figure H.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 355
Figure H.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 356
Figure H.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 357
Figure H.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6 . 358
Figure H.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7 . 359
Figure H.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 365
Figure H.9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term
storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 372
Figure H.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 377
Figure H.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus . 378
Table 1 – Summary of material flammability requirements. 23
Table 2 – Temperature limits . 28
Table 3 – Limits for inherently limited power sources . 29
Table 4 – Limits for power sources not inherently limited (Over-current protection
required) . 30
– 8 – 62282-6-100 IEC:2010+A1:2012(E)
Table 5 – List of type tests . 37
Table 6 – Laboratory standard conditions . 38
Table 7 – Emission limits . 64
Table A.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 69
Table A.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 70
Table A.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 94
Table A.8 – Occupational exposure limits . 94
Table B.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 106
Table B.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 107
Table B.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 143
Table C.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 149
Table C.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 150
Table C.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 157
Table C.8 – Occupational exposure limits . 157
Table D.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 164
Table D.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 165
Table E.5 – List of type tests – Replaces table 5 . 195
Table E.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 196
Table E.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 236
Table F.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 252
Table F.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 253
Table F.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 294
Table G.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 308
Table G.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 309
Table G.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 343
Table H.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 352
Table H.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 353
Table H.7 – Emission Limits – Replaces Table 7 . 381
Table H.8 – Occupational exposure limits . 382
62282-6-100 IEC:2010+A1:2012(E) – 9 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems –
Safety
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
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3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
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between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This consolidated version of the official IEC Standard and its amendment has been prepared
for user convenience.
IEC 62282-6-100 edition 1.1 contains the first edition (2010-03) [documents 105/255/FDIS and
105/261/RVD], its amendment 1 (2012-10) [documents 105/402/FDIS and 105/408/RVD] and its
corrigendum (2011-12).
A vertical line in the margin shows where the base publication has been modified by
amendment 1. Additions and deletions are displayed in red, with deletions being struck
through.
– 10 – 62282-6-100 IEC:2010+A1:2012(E)
International Standard IEC 62282-6-100 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 105:
Fuel cell technologies
This standard cancels and replaces IEC/PAS 62282-6-1 published in 2006. This first edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
How to use this standard:
The subclauses and clauses of the main body of the text are modified, replaced or applied as
they are in each of the annexes, which applies to a different technology. Instructions are
written in Italic type.
a) For the methanol, and methanol and water fuels covered by Clauses 1 through 7, all
requirements are given in Clauses 1 through 7 and the annexes should not be used for
these fuels.
b) For the specific fuels and technologies covered by Annexes A through H, each annex
outlines the additional or modified requirements with respect to the requirements contained
in Clauses 1 through 7 for certification of such micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell
power units and their respective fuel cartridges covered by the specific annex.
c) Where possible, the numbering system of the annexes corresponds to the numbering of
Clauses 1 through 7 and their subclauses. Requirements from Clauses 1 through 7 and
their subclauses not specifically addressed in an annex apply to the fuels and
technologies covered by that particular annex as written in Clauses 1 through 7.
d) Where an annex gives specific subclause direction – preceded by the annex letter
designator – those specific subclauses in the annex reflect the additional or modified
requirements for the fuels and technologies covered by the particular annex and shall be
followed for that annex. Any additional subclauses have been assigned new numbers and
shall be followed.
e) Modified or replacement figures or tables have been given modified table or figure
designators – based on the figure or table number in Clauses 1 through 7 preceded by the
annex letter designator. New figures or tables in the annexes have been given new figure
or table designators and shall also be used.
A list of all parts of the IEC 62282 series, under the general title Fuel cell technologies, can
be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendments will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
62282-6-100 IEC:2010+A1:2012(E) – 11 –
NOTE The attention of National Committees is drawn to the fact that equipment manufacturers and testing
organizations may need a transitional period following publication of a new, amended or revised IEC publication or
one that replaces an existing Publicly Available Specification (PAS) in which to make products in accordance with
the new requirements and to equip themselves for conducting new or revised tests.
It is the recommendation of the committee that the content of this publication be adopted for implementation
nationally not earlier than 12 months from the date of publication.
In the meantime, IEC/PAS 62282-6-1 can still be ordered by contacting the local IEC member National Committee
or the IEC Central Office.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
– 12 – 62282-6-100 IEC:2010+A1:2012(E)
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems –
Safety
1 Scope
1.1 General
a) This consumer safety standard covers micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power
units and fuel cartridges that are wearable or easily carried by hand, providing d.c.
outputs that do not exceed 60 V d.c. and power outputs that do not exceed 240 VA.
Portable fuel cell power systems that provide output levels that exceed these electrical
limits are covered by IEC 62282-5
...
IEC 62282-6-100 ®
Edition 1.0 2010-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems – Safety
Technologies des piles à combustible –
Partie 6-100: Systèmes à micropiles à combustible – Sécurité
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IEC 62282-6-100 ®
Edition 1.0 2010-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems – Safety
Technologies des piles à combustible –
Partie 6-100: Systèmes à micropiles à combustible – Sécurité
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-8322-5565-0
– 2 – IEC 62282-6-100:2010 © IEC 2010
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 9
1 Scope . 11
1.1 General . 11
1.2 Fuels and technologies covered . 11
1.3 Equivalent level of safety. 13
2 Normative references . 13
3 Terms and definitions . 14
4 Materials and construction of micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power
units and fuel cartridges . 18
4.1 General . 18
4.2 FMEA / hazard analysis . 18
4.3 General materials . 18
4.4 Selection of materials . 18
4.5 General construction . 19
4.6 Fuel valves . 19
4.7 Materials and construction – system . 20
4.8 Ignition sources . 20
4.9 Enclosures and acceptance strategies. 21
4.9.1 Parts requiring a fire enclosure . 21
4.9.2 Parts not requiring a fire enclosure . 21
4.9.3 Materials for components and other parts outside fire enclosures . 22
4.9.4 Materials for components and other parts inside fire enclosures . 23
4.9.5 Mechanical enclosures . 24
4.10 Protection against fire, explosion, corrosivity and toxicity hazard . 24
4.11 Protection against electrical hazards . 25
4.12 Fuel supply construction . 25
4.12.1 Fuel cartridge construction . 25
4.12.2 Fuel cartridge fill requirement . 26
4.13 Protection against mechanical hazards . 26
4.13.1 Piping and tubing other than fuel lines . 26
4.13.2 Exterior surface and component temperature limits . 26
4.13.3 Motors . 27
4.14 Construction of electric device components . 28
4.14.1 Limited power sources . 28
4.14.2 Devices that use electronic controllers . 29
4.14.3 Electrical conductors/wiring . 29
4.14.4 Output terminal area . 30
4.14.5 Electric components and attachments . 30
4.14.6 Protection . 30
5 Abnormal operating and fault conditions testing and requirements . 31
5.1 General . 31
5.2 Compliance testing . 31
5.3 Passing criteria . 32
5.4 Simulated faults and abnormal conditions for limited power and SELV circuits . 32
5.5 Abnormal operation – electromechanical components . 32
5.6 Abnormal operation of micro fuel cell power systems or units with integrated
batteries . 33
5.7 Abnormal operation – simulation of faults based on hazard analysis. 33
6 Instructions and warnings for micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power
units and fuel cartridges . 34
6.1 General . 34
6.2 Minimum markings required on the fuel cartridge . 34
6.3 Minimum markings required on the micro fuel cell power system . 34
6.4 Additional information required either on the fuel cartridge or on
accompanying written information or on the micro fuel cell power system or
micro fuel cell power unit . 35
6.5 Technical documentation . 35
7 Type tests for micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel
cartridges . 36
7.1 General . 36
7.2 Leakage measurement of methanol and the measuring procedure . 37
7.3 Type tests . 44
7.3.1 Pressure differential tests . 44
7.3.2 Vibration test . 46
7.3.3 Temperature cycling test . 47
7.3.4 High temperature exposure test . 48
7.3.5 Drop test . 48
7.3.6 Compressive loading test . 49
7.3.7 External short-circuit test . 50
7.3.8 Surface, component and exhaust gas temperature test . 51
7.3.9 Long-term storage test . 51
7.3.10 High-temperature connection test . 56
7.3.11 Connection cycling tests . 56
7.3.12 Emission test . 59
Annex A (normative) Formic acid micro fuel cell power systems . 64
Annex B (normative) Hydrogen stored in hydrogen absorbing metal alloy and micro
fuel cell power systems . 96
Annex C (normative) Reformed methanol micro fuel cell power systems . 145
Annex D (normative) Methanol clathrate compound micro fuel cell power systems . 159
Annex E (normative) Borohydride micro fuel cell power systems: Class 8 (corrosive)
compounds in indirect borohydride fuel cells . 183
Annex F (normative) Borohydride micro fuel cell power systems: Class 4.3 (water
reactive) compounds in indirect borohydride fuel cells . 234
Annex G (normative) Borohydride micro fuel cell power systems: Class 8 (corrosive)
compounds in direct borohydride fuel cells. 284
Annex H (normative) Butane solid oxide micro fuel cell power systems . 331
Bibliography . 370
Figure 1 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram . 12
Figure 2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential,
vibration, drop, and compressive loading tests . 38
Figure 3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature cycling
test and high temperature exposure test . 39
Figure 4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop and
compressive loading tests . 40
– 4 – IEC 62282-6-100:2010 © IEC 2010
Figure 5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test . 41
Figure 6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test . 42
Figure 7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test . 43
Figure 8 – Temperature cycling . 48
Figure 9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term storage test . 55
Figure 10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus . 60
Figure 11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus . 60
Figure A.1 – Formic acid micro fuel cell power system block diagram – Replaces
Figure 1 . 64
Figure A.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for pressure
differential, vibration, drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 70
Figure A.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 71
Figure A.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling test, drop,
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 72
Figure A.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 73
Figure A.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6 . 74
Figure A.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7 . 75
Figure A.9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term
storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 82
Figure A.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 83
Figure A.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 . 84
Figure A.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 92
Figure B.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration,
drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 107
Figure B.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for temperature cycling test and
high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 108
Figure B.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop, and
compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 109
Figure B.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 110
Figure B.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 120
Figure B.9 – Fuel cartridge hydrogen leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-
term storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 131
Figure B.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 137
Figure B.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 141
Figure C.1 – General block diagram of a reformed methanol micro fuel cell power
system – Replaces Figure 1 . 145
Figure C.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 149
Figure C.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 . 150
Figure C.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 155
Figure D.1 – Methanol clathrate compound micro fuel cell power system block diagram
– Replaces Figure 1 . 159
Figure D.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for pressure
differential, vibration, drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 165
Figure D.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 166
Figure D.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 167
Figure D.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 168
Figure D.9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term storage
test – Replaces Figure 9 . 179
Figure D.12 – Fuel cartridge of methanol clathrate compound . 160
Figure D.13 – Usage of methanol clathrate compound with micro fuel cell power unit . 160
Figure E.1 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for liquid Class 8 (corrosive)
borohydride compound fuel with onboard fuel processing – Replaces Figure 1 . 183
Figure E.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for vibration, drop, compressive
loading – Replaces Figure 2 . 197
Figure E.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 198
Figure E.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 199
Figure E.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 200
Figure E.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6 . 201
Figure E.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7 . 202
Figure E.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 207
Figure E.9 – Fuel cartridge hydrogen leakage and mass loss test flowchart for long-
term storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 213
Figure E.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 223
Figure E.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 . 223
Figure E.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system – Replaces Figure 12 . 230
Figure E.13 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for liquid Class 8 (corrosive)
borohydride compound fuel with fuel cartridge fuel processing . 184
Figure E.14 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for solid Class 8 (corrosive)
borohydride compound fuel with fuel cartridge fuel processing and cartridge fuel
management . 185
Figure E.15 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for solid Class 8 (corrosive)
compound fuel with cartridge fuel processing and fuel management internal to the
micro fuel cell power unit . 186
Figure E.16 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for external pressure test . 231
– 6 – IEC 62282-6-100:2010 © IEC 2010
Figure F.1 – Borohydride micro fuel cell power system block diagram for Class 4.3
(water reactive) compound fuel in indirect borohydride fuel cell system; fuel
management in micro fuel cell power unit – Replaces Figure 1 . 235
Figure F.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration,
drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 247
Figure F.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 248
Figure F.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 249
Figure F.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 250
Figure F.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6 . 251
Figure F.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7 . 252
Figure F.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 257
Figure F.9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term
storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 263
Figure F.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 273
Figure F.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces Figure
11 . 273
Figure F.12 – Borohydride micro fuel cell power system block diagram for Class 4.3
(water reactive) compound fuel in indirect borohydride fuel cell system; fuel
management in fuel cartridge . 236
Figure F.13 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 280
Figure F.14 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for low external pressure test . 281
Figure G.1 – Direct borohydride micro fuel cell power system block diagram –
Replaces Figure 1 . 284
Figure G.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration,
drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 295
Figure G.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 296
Figure G.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop, and
compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 297
Figure G.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 298
Figure G.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6 . 299
Figure G.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7 . 300
Figure G.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 306
Figure G.9 – Fuel cartridge hydrogen leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-
term storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 311
Figure G.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 320
Figure G.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 . 321
Figure G.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 328
Figure G.13 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for low external pressure test . 301
Figure H.1 – Butane solid oxide micro fuel cell power system block diagram –
Replaces Figure 1 . 331
Figure H.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for vibration, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 338
Figure H.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 339
Figure H.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 340
Figure H.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 341
Figure H.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6 . 342
Figure H.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7 . 343
Figure H.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 349
Figure H.9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term
storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 356
Figure H.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 361
Figure H.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus . 362
Table 1 – Summary of material flammability requirements. 22
Table 2 – Temperature limits . 27
Table 3 – Limits for inherently limited power sources . 28
Table 4 – Limits for power sources not inherently limited (Over-current protection
required) . 29
Table 5 – List of type tests . 36
Table 6 – Laboratory standard conditions . 37
Table 7 – Emission limits . 63
Table A.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 68
Table A.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 69
Table A.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 93
Table A.8 – Occupational exposure limits . 93
Table B.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 105
Table B.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 106
Table B.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 142
Table C.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 148
Table C.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 149
Table C.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 156
Table C.8 – Occupational exposure limits . 156
Table D.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 163
Table D.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 164
Table E.5 – List of type tests – Replaces table 5 . 194
Table E.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 195
Table E.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 229
– 8 – IEC 62282-6-100:2010 © IEC 2010
Table F.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 244
Table F.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 245
Table F.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 279
Table G.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 292
Table G.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 293
Table G.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 327
Table H.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 336
Table H.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 337
Table H.7 – Emission Limits – Replaces Table 7 . 365
Table H.8 – Occupational exposure limits . 366
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems –
Safety
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
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3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62282-6-100 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 105:
Fuel cell technologies
This standard cancels and replaces IEC/PAS 62282-6-1 published in 2006. This first edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This bilingual version (2019-01) corresponds to the monolingual English version, published in
2010-03.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
105/255/FDIS 105/261/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
– 10 – IEC 62282-6-100:2010 © IEC 2010
The French version of this standard has not been voted upon.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
How to use this standard:
The subclauses and clauses of the main body of the text are modified, replaced or applied as
they are in each of the annexes, which applies to a different technology. Instructions are
written in Italic type.
a) For the methanol, and methanol and water fuels covered by Clauses 1 through 7, all
requirements are given in Clauses 1 through 7 and the annexes should not be used for
these fuels.
b) For the specific fuels and technologies covered by Annexes A through H, each annex
outlines the additional or modified requirements with respect to the requirements contained
in Clauses 1 through 7 for certification of such micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell
power units and their respective fuel cartridges covered by the specific annex.
c) Where possible, the numbering system of the annexes corresponds to the numbering of
Clauses 1 through 7 and their subclauses. Requirements from Clauses 1 through 7 and
their subclauses not specifically addressed in an annex apply to the fuels and
technologies covered by that particular annex as written in Clauses 1 through 7.
d) Where an annex gives specific subclause direction
...
IEC 62282-6-100 ®
Edition 1.1 2012-10
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems – Safety
Technologies des piles à combustible –
Partie 6-100: Systèmes à micropiles à combustible – Sécurité
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IEC 62282-6-100 ®
Edition 1.1 2012-10
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems – Safety
Technologies des piles à combustible –
Partie 6-100: Systèmes à micropiles à combustible – Sécurité
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-8322-0423-8
IEC 62282-6-100 ®
Edition 1.1 2012-10
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems – Safety
Technologies des piles à combustible –
Partie 6-100: Systèmes à micropiles à combustible – Sécurité
– 2 – IEC 62282-6-100:2010+AMD1:2012
IEC:2012
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 9
1 Scope . 12
1.1 General . 12
1.2 Fuels and technologies covered . 12
1.3 Equivalent level of safety. 14
2 Normative references . 14
3 Terms and definitions . 15
4 Materials and construction of micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power
units and fuel cartridges . 19
4.1 General . 19
4.2 FMEA / hazard analysis . 19
4.3 General materials . 19
4.4 Selection of materials . 19
4.5 General construction . 20
4.6 Fuel valves . 20
4.7 Materials and construction – system . 21
4.8 Ignition sources . 21
4.9 Enclosures and acceptance strategies. 22
4.9.1 Parts requiring a fire enclosure . 22
4.9.2 Parts not requiring a fire enclosure . 22
4.9.3 Materials for components and other parts outside fire enclosures . 23
4.9.4 Materials for components and other parts inside fire enclosures . 24
4.9.5 Mechanical enclosures . 25
4.10 Protection against fire, explosion, corrosivity and toxicity hazard . 25
4.11 Protection against electrical hazards . 26
4.12 Fuel supply construction . 26
4.12.1 Fuel cartridge construction . 26
4.12.2 Fuel cartridge fill requirement . 27
4.13 Protection against mechanical hazards . 27
4.13.1 Piping and tubing other than fuel lines . 27
4.13.2 Exterior surface and component temperature limits . 27
4.13.3 Motors . 28
4.14 Construction of electric device components . 29
4.14.1 Limited power sources . 29
4.14.2 Devices that use electronic controllers . 30
4.14.3 Electrical conductors/wiring . 30
4.14.4 Output terminal area . 31
4.14.5 Electric components and attachments . 31
4.14.6 Protection . 31
5 Abnormal operating and fault conditions testing and requirements . 32
5.1 General . 32
5.2 Compliance testing . 32
5.3 Passing criteria . 33
IEC:2012
5.4 Simulated faults and abnormal conditions for limited power and SELV circuits . 33
5.5 Abnormal operation – electromechanical components . 33
5.6 Abnormal operation of micro fuel cell power systems or units with integrated
batteries . 34
5.7 Abnormal operation – simulation of faults based on hazard analysis. 34
6 Instructions and warnings for micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power
units and fuel cartridges . 35
6.1 General . 35
6.2 Minimum markings required on the fuel cartridge . 35
6.3 Minimum markings required on the micro fuel cell power system . 35
6.4 Additional information required either on the fuel cartridge or on
accompanying written information or on the micro fuel cell power system or
micro fuel cell power unit . 36
6.5 Technical documentation . 36
7 Type tests for micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel
cartridges . 37
7.1 General . 37
7.2 Leakage measurement of methanol and the measuring procedure . 38
7.3 Type tests . 45
7.3.1 Pressure differential tests . 45
7.3.2 Vibration test . 47
7.3.3 Temperature cycling test . 48
7.3.4 High temperature exposure test . 49
7.3.5 Drop test . 49
7.3.6 Compressive loading test . 50
7.3.7 External short-circuit test . 51
7.3.8 Surface, component and exhaust gas temperature test . 52
7.3.9 Long-term storage test . 52
7.3.10 High-temperature connection test . 57
7.3.11 Connection cycling tests . 57
7.3.12 Emission test . 60
Annex A (normative) Formic acid micro fuel cell power systems . 65
Annex B (normative) Hydrogen stored in hydrogen absorbing metal alloy and micro
fuel cell power systems . 97
Annex C (normative) Reformed methanol micro fuel cell power systems . 146
Annex D (normative) Methanol clathrate compound micro fuel cell power systems . 160
Annex E (normative) Borohydride micro fuel cell power systems: Class 8 (corrosive)
compounds in indirect borohydride fuel cells . 184
Annex F (normative) Borohydride micro fuel cell power systems: Class 4.3 (water
reactive) compounds in indirect borohydride fuel cells . 242
Annex G (normative) Borohydride micro fuel cell power systems: Class 8 (corrosive)
compounds in direct borohydride fuel cells. 300
Annex H (normative) Butane solid oxide micro fuel cell power systems . 347
Bibliography . 386
– 4 – IEC 62282-6-100:2010+AMD1:2012
IEC:2012
Figure 1 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram . 13
Figure 2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential,
vibration, drop, and compressive loading tests . 39
Figure 3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature cycling
test and high temperature exposure test . 40
Figure 4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop and
compressive loading tests . 41
Figure 5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test . 42
Figure 6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test . 43
Figure 7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and mass
loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test . 44
Figure 8 – Temperature cycling . 49
Figure 9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term storage test . 56
Figure 10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus . 61
Figure 11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus . 61
Figure A.1 – Formic acid micro fuel cell power system block diagram – Replaces
Figure 1 . 65
Figure A.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for pressure
differential, vibration, drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 71
Figure A.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 72
Figure A.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling test, drop,
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 73
Figure A.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 74
Figure A.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6 . 75
Figure A.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7 . 76
Figure A.9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term
storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 83
Figure A.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 84
Figure A.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 . 85
Figure A.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 93
Figure B.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration,
drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 108
Figure B.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for temperature cycling test and
high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 109
Figure B.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop, and
compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 110
Figure B.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 111
IEC:2012
Figure B.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 121
Figure B.9 – Fuel cartridge hydrogen leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-
term storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 132
Figure B.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 138
Figure B.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 142
Figure C.1 – General block diagram of a reformed methanol micro fuel cell power
system – Replaces Figure 1 . 146
Figure C.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 150
Figure C.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 . 151
Figure C.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 156
Figure D.1 – Methanol clathrate compound micro fuel cell power system block diagram
– Replaces Figure 1 . 160
Figure D.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for pressure
differential, vibration, drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 166
Figure D.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 167
Figure D.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 168
Figure D.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 169
Figure D.9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term storage
test – Replaces Figure 9 . 180
Figure D.12 – Fuel cartridge of methanol clathrate compound . 161
Figure D.13 – Usage of methanol clathrate compound with micro fuel cell power unit . 161
Figure E.1 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for liquid Class 8 (corrosive)
borohydride compound fuel with onboard fuel processing – Replaces Figure 1 . 184
Figure E.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and hydrogen leakage and test flow chart for
vibration, drop, compressive loading – Replaces Figure 2 . 199
Figure E.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss hydrogen leakage test flow chart for
temperature cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 201
Figure E.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature
cycling, drop and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 203
Figure E.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces
Figure 5 . 205
Figure E.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test –
Replaces Figure 6 . 206
Figure E.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test –
Replaces Figure 7 . 207
Figure E.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 213
Figure E.9 – Fuel cartridge hydrogen leakage and mass loss test flowchart for long-
term storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 220
– 6 – IEC 62282-6-100:2010+AMD1:2012
IEC:2012
Figure E.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 230
Figure E.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 . 231
Figure E.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system – Replaces Figure 12 . 237
Figure E.13 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for liquid Class 8 (corrosive)
borohydride compound fuel with fuel cartridge fuel processing . 185
Figure E.14 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for solid Class 8 (corrosive)
borohydride compound fuel with fuel cartridge fuel processing and cartridge fuel
management . 186
Figure E.15 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for solid Class 8 (corrosive)
compound fuel with cartridge fuel processing and fuel management internal to the
micro fuel cell power unit . 187
Figure E.16 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for low external pressure test . 239
Figure F.1 – Borohydride micro fuel cell power system block diagram for Class 4.3
(water reactive) compound fuel in indirect borohydride fuel cell system; fuel
management in micro fuel cell power unit – Replaces Figure 1 . 243
Figure F.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and hydrogen leakage test flow chart for pressure
differential, vibration, drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 257
Figure F.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss hydrogen leakage test flow chart for
temperature cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 259
Figure F.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature
cycling, drop and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 261
Figure F.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces
Figure 5 . 263
Figure F.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test –
Replaces Figure 6 . 264
Figure F.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test –
Replaces Figure 7 . 265
Figure F.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 271
Figure F.9 – Fuel cartridge hydrogen leakage and mass loss test flow chart
for long-term storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 278
Figure F.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 288
Figure F.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces Figure
11 . 288
Figure F.12 – Borohydride micro fuel cell power system block diagram for Class 4.3
(water reactive) compound fuel in indirect borohydride fuel cell system; fuel
management in fuel cartridge . 244
Figure F.13 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 295
Figure F.14 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for low external pressure test . 297
Figure G.1 – Direct borohydride micro fuel cell power system block diagram –
Replaces Figure 1 . 300
Figure G.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration,
drop, and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 311
IEC:2012
Figure G.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 312
Figure G.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop, and
compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 313
Figure G.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 314
Figure G.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6 . 315
Figure G.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7 . 316
Figure G.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 322
Figure G.9 – Fuel cartridge hydrogen leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-
term storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 327
Figure G.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 336
Figure G.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus – Replaces
Figure 11 . 337
Figure G.12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 344
Figure G.13 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for low external pressure test . 317
Figure H.1 – Butane solid oxide micro fuel cell power system block diagram –
Replaces Figure 1 . 347
Figure H.2 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for vibration, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 2 . 354
Figure H.3 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for temperature
cycling test and high temperature exposure test – Replaces Figure 3 . 355
Figure H.4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration, temperature cycling, drop
and compressive loading tests – Replaces Figure 4 . 356
Figure H.5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test – Replaces Figure 5 . 357
Figure H.6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 6 . 358
Figure H.7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
mass loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test – Replaces Figure 7 . 359
Figure H.8 – Temperature cycling – Replaces Figure 8 . 365
Figure H.9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and mass loss test flow chart for long-term
storage test – Replaces Figure 9 . 372
Figure H.10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus – Replaces Figure 10 . 377
Figure H.11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus . 378
Table 1 – Summary of material flammability requirements. 23
Table 2 – Temperature limits . 28
Table 3 – Limits for inherently limited power sources . 29
Table 4 – Limits for power sources not inherently limited (Over-current protection
required) . 30
– 8 – IEC 62282-6-100:2010+AMD1:2012
IEC:2012
Table 5 – List of type tests . 37
Table 6 – Laboratory standard conditions . 38
Table 7 – Emission limits . 64
Table A.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 69
Table A.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 70
Table A.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 94
Table A.8 – Occupational exposure limits . 94
Table B.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 106
Table B.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 107
Table B.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 143
Table C.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 149
Table C.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 150
Table C.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 157
Table C.8 – Occupational exposure limits . 157
Table D.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 164
Table D.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 165
Table E.5 – List of type tests – Replaces table 5 . 195
Table E.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 196
Table E.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 236
Table F.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 252
Table F.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 253
Table F.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 294
Table G.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 308
Table G.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 309
Table G.7 – Emission limits – Replaces Table 7 . 343
Table H.5 – List of type tests – Replaces Table 5 . 352
Table H.6 – Laboratory standard conditions – Replaces Table 6 . 353
Table H.7 – Emission Limits – Replaces Table 7 . 381
Table H.8 – Occupational exposure limits . 382
IEC:2012
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems –
Safety
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
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Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
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with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This consolidated version of the official IEC Standard and its amendment has been prepared
for user convenience.
IEC 62282-6-100 edition 1.1 contains the first edition (2010-03) [documents 105/255/FDIS and
105/261/RVD], its amendment 1 (2012-10) [documents 105/402/FDIS and 105/408/RVD] and its
corrigendum (2011-12).
In this Redline version, a vertical line in the margin shows where the technical content is
modified by amendment 1. Additions are in green text, deletions are in strikethrough red text. A
separate Final version with all changes accepted is available in this publication.
– 10 – IEC 62282-6-100:2010+AMD1:2012
IEC:2012
International Standard IEC 62282-6-100 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 105:
Fuel cell technologies
This standard constitutes a technical revision.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
How to use this standard:
The subclauses and clauses of the main body of the text are modified, replaced or applied as
they are in each of the annexes, which applies to a different technology. Instructions
are written in Italic type.
a) For the methanol, and methanol and water fuels covered by Clauses 1 through 7, all
requirements are given in Clauses 1 through 7 and the annexes should not be used for
these fuels.
b) For the specific fuels and technologies covered by Annexes A through H, each annex
outlines the additional or modified requirements with respect to the requirements contained
in Clauses 1 through 7 for certification of such micro fuel cell power systems, micro
...
Frequently Asked Questions
IEC 62282-6-100:2010 is a standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its full title is "Fuel cell technologies - Part 6-100: Micro fuel cell power systems - Safety". This standard covers: IEC 62282-6-100:2010 covers micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel cartridges that are wearable or easily carried by hand, providing d.c. outputs that do not exceed 60 V d.c. and power outputs that do not exceed 240 VA. Establishes requirements for all micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel cartridges to ensure a reasonable degree of safety for normal use, reasonably foreseeable misuse, and consumer transportation of such items. The attention of National Committees is drawn to the fact that equipment manufacturers and testing organizations may need a transitional period following publication of a new, amended or revised IEC publication or one that replaces an existing Publicly Available Specification (PAS) in which to make products in accordance with the new requirements and to equip themselves for conducting new or revised tests. It is the recommendation of the committee that the content of this publication be adopted for implementation nationally not earlier than 12 months from the date of publication. In the meantime, IEC/PAS 62282-6-1 can still be ordered by contacting the local IEC member National Committee or the IEC Central Office. The contents of the corrigendum of December 2011 have been included in this copy.
IEC 62282-6-100:2010 covers micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel cartridges that are wearable or easily carried by hand, providing d.c. outputs that do not exceed 60 V d.c. and power outputs that do not exceed 240 VA. Establishes requirements for all micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel cartridges to ensure a reasonable degree of safety for normal use, reasonably foreseeable misuse, and consumer transportation of such items. The attention of National Committees is drawn to the fact that equipment manufacturers and testing organizations may need a transitional period following publication of a new, amended or revised IEC publication or one that replaces an existing Publicly Available Specification (PAS) in which to make products in accordance with the new requirements and to equip themselves for conducting new or revised tests. It is the recommendation of the committee that the content of this publication be adopted for implementation nationally not earlier than 12 months from the date of publication. In the meantime, IEC/PAS 62282-6-1 can still be ordered by contacting the local IEC member National Committee or the IEC Central Office. The contents of the corrigendum of December 2011 have been included in this copy.
IEC 62282-6-100:2010 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 27.070 - Fuel cells. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
IEC 62282-6-100:2010 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to IEC PAS 62282-6-1:2006, IEC PAS 62282-6-1:2006/COR1:2007, IEC 62282-6-400:2019, IEC 62282-6-300:2012, IEC 62282-6-401:2025, IEC 62282-6-200:2016, IEC 62282-6-101:2024, IEC 62282-6-107:2024, IEC 62282-6-106:2024, IEC 62282-6-100:2010/AMD1:2012, IEC 62282-6-100:2010/COR1:2011. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
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