IEC 60335-2-81:2002
(Main)Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers and heating mats
Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers and heating mats
Deals with the safety of electric foot warmers and heating mats for household and similar purposes. The rated voltage being not more than 250 V. Appliances intended to be used by layman in shops, in light industry and on farms are within the scope of this standard.
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues - Sécurité - Partie 2-81: Règles particulières pour les chancelières et les carpettes chauffantes électriques
Traite de la sécurité des chancelières et des carpettes chauffantes électriques destinées à un usage domestique ou analogue, dont la tension assignée n'est pas supérieure à 250 V. Les appareils non destinés à un usage domestique normal mais qui néanmoins constituent une source de danger pour le public, tels que les appareils destinés à être utilisés par des usagers non avertis dans des magasins, chez les artisans et dans les fermes, sont compris dans le domaine d'application de la présente norme.
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INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD
60335-2-81
Second edition
2002-10
Household and similar electrical appliances –
Safety –
Part 2-81:
Particular requirements for foot warmers
and heating mats
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues –
Sécurité –
Partie 2-81:
Règles particulières pour les chancelières et
les carpettes chauffantes électriques
Reference number
Publication numbering
As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a designation in the
60000 series. For example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.
Consolidated editions
The IEC is now publishing consolidated versions of its publications. For example,
edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the
base publication incorporating amendment 1 and the base publication incorporating
amendments 1 and 2.
Further information on IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC,
thus ensuring that the content reflects current technology. Information relating to
this publication, including its validity, is available in the IEC Catalogue of
publications (see below) in addition to new editions, amendments and corrigenda.
Information on the subjects under consideration and work in progress undertaken
by the technical committee which has prepared this publication, as well as the list
of publications issued, is also available from the following:
• IEC Web Site (www.iec.ch)
• Catalogue of IEC publications
The on-line catalogue on the IEC web site (http://www.iec.ch/searchpub/cur_fut.htm)
enables you to search by a variety of criteria including text searches, technical
committees and date of publication. On-line information is also available on
recently issued publications, withdrawn and replaced publications, as well as
corrigenda.
• IEC Just Published
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justpub/jp_entry.htm) is also available by email. Please contact the Customer
Service Centre (see below) for further information.
• Customer Service Centre
If you have any questions regarding this publication or need further assistance,
please contact the Customer Service Centre:
Email: custserv@iec.ch
Tel: +41 22 919 02 11
Fax: +41 22 919 03 00
INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD
60335-2-81
Second edition
2002-10
Household and similar electrical appliances –
Safety –
Part 2-81:
Particular requirements for foot warmers
and heating mats
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues –
Sécurité –
Partie 2-81:
Règles particulières pour les chancelières et
les carpettes chauffantes électriques
IEC 2002 Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
PRICE CODE
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
S
International Electrotechnical Commission
Международная Электротехническая Комиссия
For price, see current catalogue
– 2 – 60335-2-81 IEC:2002(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION .6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references. 7
3 Definitions . 7
4 General requirement . 8
5 General conditions for the tests . 8
6 Classification . 8
7 Marking and instructions . 9
8 Protection against access to live parts . 9
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances . 9
10 Power input and current. 9
11 Heating. 9
12 Void .10
13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature .10
14 Transient overvoltages.10
15 Moisture resistance.10
16 Leakage current and electric strength .10
17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits.10
18 Endurance .10
19 Abnormal operation.10
20 Stability and mechanical hazards.11
21 Mechanical strength.11
22 Construction .13
23 Internal wiring.14
24 Components .14
25 Supply connection and external flexible cords.14
26 Terminals for external conductors .14
27 Provision for earthing.14
28 Screws and connections .14
29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation .14
30 Resistance to heat and fire .15
31 Resistance to rusting .16
32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards .16
Annexes.21
Bibliography.21
60335-2-81 IEC:2002(E) – 3 –
Figure 101 – Equipment for the flexing test for foot warmers .17
Figure 102 – Equipment for flexing heating elements and internal wiring.18
Figure 103 – Equipment for the spark ignition test.19
Figure 103a – Details of the mask .20
– 4 – 60335-2-81 IEC:2002(E)
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
–––––––––––
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
SAFETY –
Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers
and heating mats
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the
two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical specifications, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National
Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This part of International Standard IEC 60335 has been prepared by IEC technical committee
61: Safety of household and similar electrical appliances.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1997. It constitutes a
technical revision.
The text of this part of IEC 60335 is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
61/2178/FDIS 61/2259/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This part 2 is to be used in conjunction with the latest edition of IEC 60335-1 and its
amendments. It was established on the basis of the fourth edition (2001) of that standard.
NOTE 1 When “Part 1” is mentioned in this standard, it refers to IEC 60335-1.
This part 2 supplements or modifies the corresponding clauses in IEC 60335-1, so as to
convert that publication into the IEC standard: Safety requirements for electric foot warmers
and heating mats.
60335-2-81 IEC:2002(E) – 5 –
When a particular subclause of Part 1 is not mentioned in this part 2, that subclause applies
as far as is reasonable. When this standard states "addition", "modification", or "replacement",
the relevant text in Part 1 is to be adapted accordingly.
NOTE 2 The following numbering system is used:
– subclauses, tables and figures that are numbered starting from 101 are additional to those in Part 1;
– unless notes are in a new subclause or involve notes in Part 1, they are numbered starting from 101, including
those in a replaced clause or subclause;
– additional annexes are lettered AA, BB, etc.
NOTE 3 The following print types are used:
– requirements: in roman type;
– test specifications: in italic type;
– notes: in small roman type.
Words in bold in the text are defined in Clause 3. When a definition concerns an adjective, the adjective and the
associated noun are also in bold.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
2004. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
The following differences exist in the countries indicated below.
– 3.1.9: Normal operation is different (USA).
– 6.1: Class 0 appliances are allowed if their rated voltage does not exceed 150 V (Japan).
– 6.1: Class 0 and class I appliances are allowed (USA).
– 19.2: The test is different (USA).
– 21.101: The test is different (USA).
– 22.101: The tests are different (USA).
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.
– 6 – 60335-2-81 IEC:2002(E)
INTRODUCTION
It has been assumed in the drafting of this International Standard that the execution of its
provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced persons.
This standard recognizes the internationally accepted level of protection against hazards such
as electrical, mechanical, thermal, fire and radiation of appliances when operated as in
normal use taking into account the manufacturer's instructions. It also covers abnormal
situations that can be expected in practice.
This standard takes into account the requirements of IEC 60364 as far as possible so that
there is compatibility with the wiring rules when the appliance is connected to the supply
mains. However, national wiring rules may differ.
If an appliance within the scope of this standard also incorporates functions that are covered
by another part 2 of IEC 60335, the relevant part 2 is applied to each function separately, as
far as is reasonable. If applicable, the influence of one function on the other is taken into
account.
This standard is a product family standard dealing with the safety of appliances and takes
precedence over horizontal and generic standards covering the same subject.
An appliance that complies with the text of this standard will not necessarily be considered to
comply with the safety principles of the standard if, when examined and tested, it is found to
have other features that impair the level of safety covered by these requirements.
An appliance employing materials or having forms of construction differing from those detailed
in the requirements of this standard may be examined and tested according to the intent of
the requirements and, if found to be substantially equivalent, may be considered to comply
with the standard.
60335-2-81 IEC:2002(E) – 7 –
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
SAFETY –
Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers
and heating mats
1 Scope
This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following.
This International Standard deals with the safety of electric foot warmers and heating mats
for household and similar purposes, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V.
Appliances not intended for normal household use but which nevertheless may be a source of
danger to the public, such as appliances intended to be used by laymen in shops, in light
industry and on farms, are within the scope of this standard.
As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by
appliances that are encountered by all persons in and around the home. However, in general,
it does not take into account
– the use of appliances by young children without supervision;
– playing with the appliance by young children.
NOTE 101 Attention is drawn to the fact that
– for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be
necessary;
– in many countries additional requirements are specified by the national health authorities, the national
authorities responsible for the protection of labour, and similar authorities.
NOTE 102 This standard does not apply to
– appliances specifically intended for use under medical supervision;
– electric blankets and pads (IEC 60335-2-17);
– electrically heated carpets;
– electrical heating appliances for breeding and rearing animals (IEC 60335-2-71).
2 Normative references
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
Addition:
ISO 2439, Polymeric materials, cellular flexible. Determination of hardness (indentation
technique).
3 Definitions
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
3.1.9 Replacement:
normal operation
operation of the appliance under the following conditions
– 8 – 60335-2-81 IEC:2002(E)
Foot warmers are unfilled and placed on a horizontal surface.
Heating mats are placed on a horizontal surface and covered by a piece of expanded
polystyrene having dimensions approximately 300 mm × 150 mm × 50 mm.
3 3
NOTE 101 The density of the polystyrene is approximately 20 kg/m ± 5 kg/m .
3.101
foot warmer
appliance into which the user's feet are inserted in order to warm them
3.102
heating mat
appliance having an area not exceeding 0,5 m , on which the user's feet are placed in order
to warm them
4 General requirement
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
5 General conditions for the tests
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
5.2 Addition:
A 15 m length of heating element or internal wiring is required for the tests of 21.102.
Twelve samples of the enclosure material of foot warmers, each having dimensions
200 mm × 100 mm, are required for the test of 30.101.
5.3 Addition:
Before testing is started, the appliance is laundered or cleaned twice in accordance with the
instructions.
5.5 Addition:
If the appliance is provided with a detachable cover, the tests are carried out with or without
this cover, whichever is more unfavourable.
6 Classification
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
6.1 Modification:
Appliances shall be class II or class III.
6.2 Addition:
Appliances shall be at least IPX1.
60335-2-81 IEC:2002(E) – 9 –
7 Marking and instructions
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
7.12 Addition:
The instructions shall state the substance of the following:
– the appliance is not to be used if there are signs of damage;
– the appliance is not to be used for warming animals;
– details regarding laundering or cleaning.
The instructions for foot warmers shall state that outdoor shoes must be removed before
use.
The instructions for heating mats shall state that the appliance has to be repaired or replaced
if the cover is worn. They shall explain how such wear can be observed.
8 Protection against access to live parts
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances
This clause of Part 1 is not applicable.
10 Power input and current
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
11 Heating
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows:
11.2 Modification:
Appliances are placed as near as possible to one wall of the test corner and away from the
other wall.
11.3 Addition:
Thermocouples attached to the small blackened disks are also used for measuring the
temperature rise of the surface of the appliance.
11.7 Replacement:
Appliances are operated until steady conditions are established.
11.8 Modification:
When polyvinyl chloride is used for insulating heating elements, the temperature rise of the
insulation shall not exceed 80 K.
Addition:
The temperature rise of surfaces likely to be in contact with the user's feet shall not exceed
40 K.
– 10 – 60335-2-81 IEC:2002(E)
12 Void
13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
13.2 Modification:
When testing the top surface of heating mats, the dimensions of the metal foil are
300 mm × 150 mm.
NOTE 101 If the heating mat is re
...
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE IEC
60335-2-81
INTERNATIONAL
Deuxième édition
STANDARD
Second edition
2002-10
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues –
Sécurité –
Partie 2-81:
Règles particulières pour les chancelières
et les carpettes chauffantes électriques
Household and similar electrical appliances –
Safety –
Part 2-81:
Particular requirements for foot warmers
and heating mats
Numéro de référence
Reference number
CEI/IEC 60335-2-81:2002
Numérotation des publications Publication numbering
Depuis le 1er janvier 1997, les publications de la CEI As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are
sont numérotées à partir de 60000. Ainsi, la CEI 34-1 issued with a designation in the 60000 series. For
devient la CEI 60034-1. example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.
Editions consolidées Consolidated editions
Les versions consolidées de certaines publications de la The IEC is now publishing consolidated versions of its
CEI incorporant les amendements sont disponibles. Par publications. For example, edition numbers 1.0, 1.1
exemple, les numéros d’édition 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2 indiquent and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication,
respectivement la publication de base, la publication de the base publication incorporating amendment 1 and
base incorporant l’amendement 1, et la publication de the base publication incorporating amendments 1
base incorporant les amendements 1 et 2. and 2.
Informations supplémentaires Further information on IEC publications
sur les publications de la CEI
Le contenu technique des publications de la CEI est The technical content of IEC publications is kept
constamment revu par la CEI afin qu'il reflète l'état under constant review by the IEC, thus ensuring that
actuel de la technique. Des renseignements relatifs à the content reflects current technology. Information
cette publication, y compris sa validité, sont dispo- relating to this publication, including its validity, is
nibles dans le Catalogue des publications de la CEI available in the IEC Catalogue of publications
(voir ci-dessous) en plus des nouvelles éditions, (see below) in addition to new editions, amendments
amendements et corrigenda. Des informations sur les and corrigenda. Information on the subjects under
sujets à l’étude et l’avancement des travaux entrepris consideration and work in progress undertaken by the
par le comité d’études qui a élaboré cette publication, technical committee which has prepared this
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également disponibles par l’intermédiaire de: is also available from the following:
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NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE IEC
60335-2-81
INTERNATIONAL
Deuxième édition
STANDARD
Second edition
2002-10
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues –
Sécurité –
Partie 2-81:
Règles particulières pour les chancelières
et les carpettes chauffantes électriques
Household and similar electrical appliances –
Safety –
Part 2-81:
Particular requirements for foot warmers
and heating mats
IEC 2002 Droits de reproduction réservés Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
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Commission Electrotechnique Internationale PRICE CODE
International Electrotechnical Commission
Международная Электротехническая Комиссия
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue
– 2 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2003
SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS . 4
INTRODUCTION .8
1 Domaine d'application .10
2 Références normatives .10
3 Définitions.12
4 Prescriptions générales.12
5 Conditions générales d'essais .12
6 Classification .14
7 Marquage et indications .14
8 Protection contre l'accès aux parties actives.14
9 Démarrage des appareils à moteur.14
10 Puissance et courant.14
11 Echauffements.14
12 Vacant .16
13 Courant de fuite et rigidité diélectrique à la température de régime .16
14 Surtensions transitoires.16
15 Résistance à l'humidité .16
16 Courant de fuite et rigidité diélectrique .16
17 Protection contre la surcharge des transformateurs et des circuits associés .18
18 Endurance .18
19 Fonctionnement anormal.18
20 Stabilité et dangers mécaniques.20
21 Résistance mécanique .20
22 Construction .24
23 Conducteurs internes .24
24 Composants.26
25 Raccordement au réseau et câbles souples extérieurs .26
26 Bornes pour conducteurs externes .26
27 Dispositions en vue de la mise à la terre .26
28 Vis et connexions.26
29 Distances dans l'air, lignes de fuite, et isolation solide.26
30 Résistance à la chaleur et au feu .28
31 Protection contre la rouille.30
32 Rayonnement, toxicité et dangers analogues.30
Annexes.40
Bibliographie .40
Figure 101 – Appareil pour l’essai de flexion des chancelières . 32
Figure 102 – Appareil pour la flexion des éléments chauffants et conducteurs internes . 34
Figure 103 – Appareil pour l’essai d’amorçage d’étincelles. 36
Figure 103a – Détails du masque. 38
60335-2-81 IEC:2003 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION .9
1 Scope .11
2 Normative references.11
3 Definitions .13
4 General requirement .13
5 General conditions for the tests .13
6 Classification .15
7 Marking and instructions .15
8 Protection against access to live parts .15
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances .15
10 Power input and current.15
11 Heating.15
12 Void .17
13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature .17
14 Transient overvoltages.17
15 Moisture resistance.17
16 Leakage current and electric strength .17
17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits.19
18 Endurance .19
19 Abnormal operation.19
20 Stability and mechanical hazards.21
21 Mechanical strength.21
22 Construction .25
23 Internal wiring.25
24 Components .27
25 Supply connection and external flexible cords.27
26 Terminals for external conductors .27
27 Provision for earthing.27
28 Screws and connections .27
29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation .27
30 Resistance to heat and fire .29
31 Resistance to rusting .31
32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards .31
Annexes.41
Bibliography.41
Figure 101 – Equipment for the flexing test for foot warmers .33
Figure 102 – Equipment for flexing heating elements and internal wiring.35
Figure 103 – Equipment for the spark ignition test.37
Figure 103a – Details of the mask .39
– 4 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2003
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
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APPAREILS ÉLECTRODOMESTIQUES ET ANALOGUES –
SÉCURITÉ –
Partie 2-81: Règles particulières pour les chancelières
et les carpettes chauffantes électriques
AVANT-PROPOS
1) La CEI (Commission Electrotechnique Internationale) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation composée
de l'ensemble des comités électrotechniques nationaux (Comités nationaux de la CEI). La CEI a pour objet de
favoriser la coopération internationale pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans les domaines de
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Leur élaboration est confiée à des comités d'études, aux travaux desquels tout Comité national intéressé par le
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correspondante doit être indiquée en termes clairs dans cette dernière.
5) La CEI n’a fixé aucune procédure concernant le marquage comme indication d’approbation et sa responsabilité
n’est pas engagée quand un matériel est déclaré conforme à l’une de ses normes.
6) L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments de la présente Norme internationale peuvent faire
l’objet de droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. La CEI ne saurait être tenue pour
responsable de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et de ne pas avoir signalé leur existence.
La présente partie de la Norme internationale CEI 60335 a été établie par le comité d'études
61 de la CEI: Sécurité des appareils électrodomestiques et analogues.
Cette seconde édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 1997, dont elle
constitue une révision technique.
Cette version bilingue (2003-02) remplace la version monolingue anglaise.
Le texte anglais de cette norme est issu des documents 61/2178/FDIS et 61/2259/RVD. Le
rapport de vote 61/2259/RVD donne toute information sur le vote ayant abouti à l’approbation
de cette norme.
La version française de cette norme n’a pas été soumise au vote.
La présente partie 2 doit être utilisée conjointement avec la dernière édition de la CEI 60335-1
et ses amendements. Elle a été établie sur la base de la quatrième édition (2001) de cette
norme.
NOTE 1 L’expression «Partie 1» utilisée dans la présente norme fait référence à la CEI 60335-1.
60335-2-81 IEC:2003 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
SAFETY –
Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers
and heating mats
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the
two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical specifications, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National
Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This part of International Standard IEC 60335 has been prepared by IEC technical committee
61: Safety of household and similar electrical appliances.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1997. It constitutes
a technical revision.
This bilingual version (2003-02) replaces the English version.
The text of this part of IEC 60335 is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
61/2178/FDIS 61/2259/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This part 2 is to be used in conjunction with the latest edition of IEC 60335-1 and its
amendments. It was established on the basis of the fourth edition (2001) of that standard.
NOTE 1 When “Part 1” is mentioned in this standard, it refers to IEC 60335-1.
– 6 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2003
La présente partie 2 complète ou modifie les articles correspondants de la CEI 60335-1 de
façon à la transformer en norme CEI: Règles de sécurité pour les chancelières et les carpettes
chauffantes électriques.
Lorsqu'un paragraphe particulier de la Partie 1 n'est pas mentionné dans cette partie 2, ce
paragraphe s'applique pour autant qu'il est raisonnable. Lorsque la présente norme spécifie
«addition», «modification» ou «remplacement», le texte correspondant de la Partie 1 doit être
adapté en conséquence.
NOTE 2 Le système de numérotation suivant est utilisé:
– paragraphes, tableaux et figures: ceux qui sont numérotés à partir de 101 sont complémentaires à ceux de la
Partie 1;
– notes: à l’exception de celles qui sont dans un nouveau paragraphe ou de celles qui concernent des notes de la
Partie 1, les notes sont numérotées à partir de 101, y compris celles des articles ou paragraphes qui sont
modifiés ou remplacés;
– les annexes supplémentaires sont appelées AA, BB, etc.
NOTE 3 Les caractères d'imprimerie suivants sont utilisés:
– prescriptions: caractères romains;
– modalités d'essais: caractères italiques;
– notes: petits caractères romains.
Les termes figurant en caractères gras dans le texte sont définis à l'Article 3. Lorsqu'une définition concerne un
adjectif, l'adjectif et le nom associé figurent également en gras.
Le comité a décidé que le contenu de cette publication ne sera pas modifié avant 2004. A cette
date, la publication sera
• reconduite;
• supprimée;
• remplacée par une édition révisée, ou
• amendée.
Les différences suivantes existent dans les pays indiqués ci-après:
– 3.1.9: Les conditions de fonctionnement normal sont différentes (USA).
– 6.1: Les appareils de la classe 0 sont autorisés si leur tension assignée n'excède pas
150 V (Japon).
– 6.1: Les appareils de la classe 0 ou de la classe I sont autorisés (USA).
– 19.2: L'essai est différent (USA).
– 21.101: L'essai est différent (USA).
– 22.101: Les essais sont différents (USA).
60335-2-81 IEC:2003 – 7 –
This part 2 supplements or modifies the corresponding clauses in IEC 60335-1, so as to
convert that publication into the IEC standard: Safety requirements for electric foot warmers
and heating mats.
When a particular subclause of Part 1 is not mentioned in this part 2, that subclause applies
as far as is reasonable. When this standard states "addition", "modification", or "replacement",
the relevant text in Part 1 is to be adapted accordingly.
NOTE 2 The following numbering system is used:
– subclauses, tables and figures that are numbered starting from 101 are additional to those in Part 1;
– unless notes are in a new subclause or involve notes in Part 1, they are numbered starting from 101, including
those in a replaced clause or subclause;
– additional annexes are lettered AA, BB, etc.
NOTE 3 The following print types are used:
– requirements: in roman type;
– test specifications: in italic type;
– notes: in small roman type.
Words in bold in the text are defined in Clause 3. When a definition concerns an adjective, the adjective and the
associated noun are also in bold.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
2004. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
The following differences exist in the countries indicated below.
– 3.1.9: Normal operation is different (USA).
– 6.1: Class 0 appliances are allowed if their rated voltage does not exceed 150 V
(Japan).
– 6.1: Class 0 and class I appliances are allowed (USA).
– 19.2: The test is different (USA).
– 21.101: The test is different (USA).
– 22.101: The tests are different (USA).
– 8 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2003
INTRODUCTION
Il a été considéré en établissant la présente Norme internationale que l'exécution de ses
dispositions était confiée à des personnes expérimentées et ayant une qualification appropriée.
Cette norme reconnaît le niveau de protection internationalement accepté contre les risques
électriques, mécaniques, thermiques, liés au feu et au rayonnement des appareils, lorsqu'ils
fonctionnent comme en usage normal en tenant compte des instructions du fabricant. Elle
couvre également les situations anormales auxquelles on peut s'attendre dans la pratique.
Cette norme tient compte autant que possible des prescriptions de la CEI 60364, de façon à
rester compatible avec les règles d'installation quand l’appareil est raccordé au réseau
d’alimentation. Cependant, des règles nationales d'installation peuvent être différentes.
Si un appareil compris dans le domaine d’application de cette norme comporte également des
fonctions qui sont couvertes par une autre partie 2 de la CEI 60335, la partie 2 correspondante
est appliquée à chaque fonction séparément, dans la limite du raisonnable. Si cela est
applicable, on tient compte de l’influence d’une fonction sur les autres fonctions.
Cette norme est une norme de famille de produits traitant de la sécurité d’appareils et a
préséance sur les normes horizontales et génériques couvrant le même sujet.
Un appareil conforme au texte de la présente norme ne sera pas nécessairement jugé
conforme aux principes de sécurité de la norme si, lorsqu'il est examiné et soumis aux essais,
il apparaît qu'il présente d'autres caractéristiques qui compromettent le niveau de sécurité visé
par ces prescriptions.
Un appareil utilisant des matériaux ou présentant des modes de construction différents de
ceux décrits dans les prescriptions de cette norme peut être examiné et essayé en fonction de
l'objectif poursuivi par ces prescriptions et, s'il est jugé pratiquement équivalent, il peut être
estimé conforme aux principes de sécurité de la norme.
60335-2-81 IEC:2003 – 9 –
INTRODUCTION
It has been assumed in the drafting of this International Standard that the execution of its
provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced persons.
This standard recognizes the internationally accepted level of protection against hazards such
as electrical, mechanical, thermal, fire and radiation of appliances when operated as in
normal use taking into account the manufacturer's instructions. It also covers abnormal
situations that can be expected in practice.
This standard takes into account the requirements of IEC 60364 as far as possible so that
there is compatibility with the wiring rules when the appliance is connected to the supply
mains. However, national wiring rules may differ.
If an appliance within the scope of this standard also incorporates functions that are covered
by another part 2 of IEC 60335, the relevant part 2 is applied to each function separately, as
far as is reasonable. If applicable, the influence of one function on the other is taken into
account.
This standard is a product family standard dealing with the safety of appliances and takes
precedence over horizontal and generic standards covering the same subject.
An appliance that complies with the text of this standard will not necessarily be considered to
comply with the safety principles of the standard if, when examined and tested, it is found to
have other features that impair the level of safety covered by these requirements.
An appliance employing materials or having forms of construction differing from those detailed
in the requirements of this standard may be examined and tested according to the intent of
the requirements and, if found to be substantially equivalent, may be considered to comply
with the standard.
– 10 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2003
APPAREILS ÉLECTRODOMESTIQUES ET ANALOGUES –
SÉCURITÉ –
Partie 2-81: Règles particulières pour les chancelières
et les carpettes chauffantes électriques
1 Domaine d'application
L'article de la Partie 1 est remplacé par l’article ci-après.
La présente Norme internationale traite de la sécurité des chancelières et des carpettes
chauffantes électriques destinées à un usage domestique ou analogue, dont la tension
assignée n'est pas supérieure à 250 V.
Les appareils non destinés à un usage domestique normal mais qui néanmoins constituent une
source de danger pour le public, tels que les appareils destinés à être utilisés par des usagers
non avertis dans des magasins, chez les artisans et dans les fermes, sont compris dans le
domaine d'application de la présente norme.
Dans la mesure du possible, la présente norme traite des risques ordinaires présentés par les
appareils, encourus par tous les individus à l'intérieur et autour de l'habitation. Cependant,
cette norme ne tient pas compte en général
– de l'utilisation des appareils par des jeunes enfants, sans surveillance;
– de l'emploi de l'appareil comme jouet par des jeunes enfants.
NOTE 101 L'attention est attirée sur le fait que
– pour les appareils destinés à être utilisés dans des véhicules ou à bord de navires ou d'avions, des
prescriptions supplémentaires peuvent être nécessaires;
– dans de nombreux pays, des prescriptions supplémentaires sont imposées par les organismes nationaux de la
santé publique, par les organismes nationaux responsables de la protection des travailleurs et par des
organismes analogues.
NOTE 102 La présente norme ne s'applique pas
– aux appareils spécifiquement destinés à être utilisés sous surveillance médicale;
– aux couvertures et coussins électriques (CEI 60335-2-17);
– aux tapis chauffants électriques;
– aux appareils de chauffage électrique destinés à la reproduction et à l'élevage des animaux (CEI 60335-2-71).
2 Références normatives
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable avec l’exception suivante.
Addition:
ISO 2439, Matériaux polymères alvéolaires souples. Détermination de la dureté (technique
par indentation ).
60335-2-81 IEC:2003 – 11 –
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
SAFETY –
Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers
and heating mats
1 Scope
This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following.
This International Standard deals with the safety of electric foot warmers and heating mats
for household and similar purposes, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V.
Appliances not intended for normal household use but which nevertheless may be a source of
danger to the public, such as appliances intended to be used by laymen in shops, in light
industry and on farms, are within the scope of this standard.
As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by
appliances that are encountered by all persons in and around the home. However, in general,
it does not take into account
– the use of appliances by young children without supervision;
– playing with the appliance by young children.
NOTE 101 Attention is drawn to the fact that
– for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be
necessary;
– in many countries additional requirements are specified by the national health authorities, the national
authorities responsible for the protection of labour, and similar authorities.
NOTE 102 This standard does not apply to
– appliances specifically intended for use under medical supervision;
– electric blankets and pads (IEC 60335-2-17);
– electrically heated carpets;
– electrical heating appliances for breeding and rearing animals (IEC 60335-2-71).
2 Normative references
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
Addition:
ISO 2439, Polymeric materials, cellular flexible. Determination of hardness (indentation
technique).
– 12 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2003
3 Définitions
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable avec les exceptions suivantes.
3.1.9 Remplacement:
conditions de fonctionnement normal
fonctionnement de l'appareil dans les conditions suivantes:
Les chancelières sont vides et placées horizontalement.
Les carpettes chauffantes sont placées horizontalement et recouvertes d'un bloc de
polystyrène expansé dont les dimensions sont approximativement de 300 mm × 150 mm ×
50 mm.
3 3
NOTE 101 La densité du polystyrène est d'environ 20 kg/m ± 5 kg/m .
3.101
chancelière
appareil dans lequel l'usager introduit les pieds pour les réchauffer
3.102
carpette chauffante
appareil dont la surface n'excède pas 0,5 m et sur lequel l'usager pose les pieds pour les
réchauffer
4 Prescriptions générales
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable.
5 Conditions générales d'essais
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable avec les exceptions suivantes.
5.2 Addition:
Un morceau d'élément chauffant ou de conducteur interne de 15 m de long est nécessaire pour
les essais de 21.102.
Douze échantillons du matériau de l'enveloppe des chancelières, mesurant chacun
200 mm × 100 mm, sont nécessaires pour l'essai de 30.101.
5.3 Addition:
Avant d'être soumis aux essais, l'appareil est lavé ou nettoyé deux fois conformément aux
instructions.
5.5 Addition:
Si l'appareil comporte une housse amovible, les essais sont effectués avec ou sans la
housse, suivant la condition la plus défavorable.
60335-2-81 IEC:2003 – 13 –
3 Definitions
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
3.1.9 Replacement:
normal operation
operation of the appliance under the following conditions
Foot warmers are unfilled and placed on a horizontal surface.
Heating mats are placed on a horizontal surface and covered by a piece of expanded
polystyrene having dimensions approximately 300 mm × 150 mm × 50 mm.
3 3
NOTE 101 The density of the polystyrene is approximately 20 kg/m ± 5 kg/m .
3.101
foot warmer
appliance into which the user's feet are inserted in order to warm them
3.102
heating mat
appliance having an area not exceeding 0,5 m , on which the user's feet are placed in order
to warm them
4 General requirement
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
5 General conditions for the tests
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
5.2 Addition:
A 15 m length of heating element or internal wiring is required for the tests of 21.102.
Twelve samples of the enclosure material of foot warmers, each having dimensions
200 mm × 100 mm, are required for the test of 30.101.
5.3 Addition:
Before testing is started, the appliance is laundered or cleaned twice in accordance with the
instructions.
5.5 Addition:
If the appliance is provided with a detachable cover, the tests are carried out with or without
this cover, whichever is more unfavourable.
– 14 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2003
6 Classification
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable avec les exceptions suivantes.
6.1 Modification:
Les appareils doivent être de la classe II ou de la classe III.
6.2 Addition:
Les appareils doivent être au moins IPX1.
7 Marquage et indications
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable avec l’exception suivante.
7.12 Addition:
Les instructions doivent comporter en substance:
– indiquer que l'appareil ne doit pas être utilisé s'il montre des signes de détérioration;
– indiquer que l'appareil ne doit pas être utilisé pour réchauffer des animaux;
– comporter des précisions concernant le lavage ou le nettoyage.
Les instructions pour les chancelières doivent indiquer que les chaussures d’extérieur doivent
être enlevées avant utilisation.
Les instructions pour les carpettes chauffantes doivent indiquer que l'appareil doit être réparé
ou remplacé si la housse est usée. Elles doivent expliquer comment une telle usure peut être
constatée.
8 Protection contre l'accès aux parties actives
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable.
9 Démarrage des appareils à moteur
L'article de la Partie 1 n’est pas applicable.
10 Puissance et courant
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable.
11 Echauffements
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable avec les exceptions suivantes.
11.2 Modification:
Les appareils sont placés aussi près que possible de l'une des parois du coin d'essai et
éloignés de l'autre.
60335-2-81 IEC:2003 – 15 –
6 Classification
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
6.1 Modification:
Appliances shall be class II or class III.
6.2 Addition:
Appliances shall be at least IPX1.
7 Marking and instructions
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
7.12 Addition:
The instructions shall state the substance of the following:
– the appliance is not to be used if there are signs of damage;
– the appliance is not to be used for warming animals;
– details regarding laundering or cleaning.
The instructions for foot warmers shall state that outdoor shoes must be removed before
use.
The instructions for heating mats shall state that the appliance has to be repaired or replaced
if the cover is worn. They shall explain how such wear can be observed.
8 Protection against access to live parts
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances
This clause of Part 1 is not applicable.
10 Power input and current
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
11 Heating
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows:
11.2 Modification:
Appliances are placed as near as possible to one wall of the test corner and away from the
other wall.
– 16 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2003
11.3 Addition:
Les thermocouples fixés sur les plaquettes noircies sont également utilisés pour mesurer
l'échauffement de la surface des appareils.
11.7 Remplacement:
Les appareils sont mis en fonctionnement jusqu'à établissement des conditions de régime.
11.8 Modification:
Lorsque du polychlorure de vinyle est utilisé pour isoler les éléments chauffants,
l'échauffement de l'isolation ne doit pas dépasser 80 K.
Addition:
L'échauffement des surfaces qui sont susceptibles d'être au contact des pieds de l'usager ne
doit pas dépasser 40 K.
12 Vacant
13 Courant de fuite et rigidité diélectrique à la température de régime
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable avec l'exception suivante.
13.2 Modification:
Lors de l'essai de la surface supérieure des carpettes chauffantes, les dimensions de la
feuille métallique sont de 300 mm × 150 mm.
NOTE 101 Si la carpette chauffante est réversible, chacune des surfaces est essayée à tour de rôle.
Addition:
Les chancelières sont de plus essayées avec la surface intérieure totalement recouverte de
feuille métallique.
14 Surtensions transitoires
L’article de la Partie 1 est applicable.
15 Résistance à l'humidité
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable.
16 Courant de fuite et rigidité diélectrique
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable avec l'exception suivante.
60335-2-81 IEC:2003 – 17 –
11.3 Addition:
Thermocouples attached to the small blackened disks are also used for measuring the
temperature rise of the surface of the appliance.
11.7 Replacement:
Appliances are operated until steady conditions are established.
11.8 Modification:
When polyvinyl chloride is used for insulating heating elements, the temperature rise of the
insulation shall not exceed 80 K.
Addition:
The temperature rise of surfaces likely to be in contact with the user's feet shall not exceed
40 K.
12 Void
13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
13.2 Modification:
When testing the top surface of heating mats, the dimensions of the metal foil are
300 mm × 150 mm.
NOTE 101 If the heating mat is reversible, each surface is tested in turn.
Addition:
Foot warmers are also tested with the inside surface completely covered with metal foil.
14 Transient overvoltages
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
15 Moisture resistance
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
16 Leakage current and electric strength
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
– 18 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2003
16.2 Modification:
Lors de l'essai de la surface supérieure des carpettes chauffantes, les dimensions de la
feuille métallique sont de 300 mm × 150 mm.
NOTE 101 Si la carpette chauffante est réversible, chacune des surfaces est essayée à tour de rôle.
Addition:
Les chancelières sont de plus essayées avec la surface intérieure totalement recouverte
d'une feuille métallique.
17 Protection contre la surcharge des transformateurs et des circuits associés
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable.
18 Endurance
L'article de la Partie 1 n’est pas applicable.
19 Fonctionnement anormal
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable avec les exceptions suivantes.
19.2 Addition:
L'appareil est recouvert partiellement ou totalement, suivant la condition la plus défavorable,
d'une couche de polyéther à cellules ouvertes d'environ 36 mm d'épaisseur, ayant les
caractéristiques suivantes:
+2
– nombre de cellules 18 par cm;
+10
– masse spécifique 30 kg/m + %;
– dureté 120 N à 170 N pour 40 % de pénétration, mesurée conformément
à l'ISO 2439.
Si la chancelière comporte une partie souple qui recouvre les jambes de l'usager, cette partie
est repliée sur la partie où l'on introduit les pieds, avant de recouvrir l'appareil.
Une planche de contre-plaqué mesurant approximativement 500 mm × 500 mm × 20 mm, est
placée sur le dessus de la feuille de polyéther recouvrant les chancelières.
19.4 Modification:
Les carpettes chauffantes sont essayées sans être recouvertes du bloc de polystyrène.
19.13 Addition:
L'échauffement de l'isolation des éléments chauffants ne doit pas excéder 145 K.
60335-2-81 IEC:2003 – 19 –
16.2 Modification:
When testing the top surface of heating mats, the dimensions of the metal foil are
300 mm × 150 mm.
NOTE 101 If the heated mat is reversible, each surface is tested in turn.
Addition:
Foot warmers are also tested with the
...
IEC 60335-2-81
Edition 2.1 2007-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –
Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers and heating mats
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues – Sécurité –
Partie 2-81: Règles particulières pour les chancelières et les carpettes
chauffantes électriques
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IEC 60335-2-81
Edition 2.1 2007-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –
Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers and heating mats
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues – Sécurité –
Partie 2-81: Règles particulières pour les chancelières et les carpettes
chauffantes électriques
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CH
CODE PRIX
ICS 97.100.10 ISBN 2-8318-9033-0
– 2 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2002+A1:2007
SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS .4
INTRODUCTION.8
1 Domaine d'application.10
2 Références normatives.10
3 Définitions.12
4 Prescriptions générales .12
5 Conditions générales d'essais.12
6 Classification.14
7 Marquage et indications .14
8 Protection contre l'accès aux parties actives .14
9 Démarrage des appareils à moteur .14
10 Puissance et courant .14
11 Echauffements.16
12 Vacant.16
13 Courant de fuite et rigidité diélectrique à la température de régime.16
14 Surtensions transitoires .16
15 Résistance à l'humidité .18
16 Courant de fuite et rigidité diélectrique .18
17 Protection contre la surcharge des transformateurs et des circuits associés .18
18 Endurance.18
19 Fonctionnement anormal.18
20 Stabilité et dangers mécaniques .20
21 Résistance mécanique.20
22 Construction.24
23 Conducteurs internes.26
24 Composants.26
25 Raccordement au réseau et câbles souples extérieurs .26
26 Bornes pour conducteurs externes .26
27 Dispositions en vue de la mise à la terre .28
28 Vis et connexions .28
29 Distances dans l'air, lignes de fuite, et isolation solide.28
30 Résistance à la chaleur et au feu .28
31 Protection contre la rouille .30
32 Rayonnement, toxicité et dangers analogues.30
Annexes.40
Bibliographie .40
Figure 101 – Appareil pour l’essai de flexion des chancelières.32
Figure 102 – Appareil pour la flexion des éléments chauffants et conducteurs internes .34
Figure 103 – Appareil pour l’essai d’amorçage d’étincelles .36
Figure 103a – Détails du masque .38
60335-2-81 © IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5
INTRODUCTION.9
1 Scope.11
2 Normative references.11
3 Definitions.13
4 General requirement.13
5 General conditions for the tests .13
6 Classification.15
7 Marking and instructions.15
8 Protection against access to live parts.15
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances .15
10 Power input and current .15
11 Heating.17
12 Void .17
13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature.17
14 Transient overvoltages .17
15 Moisture resistance.19
16 Leakage current and electric strength.19
17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits .19
18 Endurance.19
19 Abnormal operation.19
20 Stability and mechanical hazards .21
21 Mechanical strength .21
22 Construction.25
23 Internal wiring.27
24 Components.27
25 Supply connection and external flexible cords .27
26 Terminals for external conductors.27
27 Provision for earthing .29
28 Screws and connections .29
29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation .29
30 Resistance to heat and fire.29
31 Resistance to rusting.31
32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards.31
Annexes .41
Bibliography.41
Figure 101 – Equipment for the flexing test for foot warmers.33
Figure 102 – Equipment for flexing heating elements and internal wiring .35
Figure 103 – Equipment for the spark ignition test .37
Figure 103a – Details of the mask.39
– 4 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2002+A1:2007
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
___________
APPAREILS ÉLECTRODOMESTIQUES ET ANALOGUES –
SÉCURITÉ –
Partie 2-81: Règles particulières pour les chancelières
et les carpettes chauffantes électriques
AVANT-PROPOS
1) La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation composée
de l'ensemble des comités électrotechniques nationaux (Comités nationaux de la CEI). La CEI a pour objet de
favoriser la coopération internationale pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans les domaines de
l'électricité et de l'électronique. A cet effet, la CEI – entre autres activités – publie des Normes internationales,
des Spécifications techniques, des Rapports techniques, des Spécifications accessibles au public (PAS) et des
Guides (ci-après dénommés "Publication(s) de la CEI"). Leur élaboration est confiée à des comités d'études,
aux travaux desquels tout Comité national intéressé par le sujet traité peut participer. Les organisations
internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec la CEI, participent également aux
travaux. La CEI collabore étroitement avec l'Organisation Internationale de Normalisation (ISO), selon des
conditions fixées par accord entre les deux organisations.
2) Les décisions ou accords officiels de la CEI concernant les questions techniques représentent, dans la mesure
du possible, un accord international sur les sujets étudiés, étant donné que les Comités nationaux de la CEI
intéressés sont représentés dans chaque comité d’études.
3) Les Publications de la CEI se présentent sous la forme de recommandations internationales et sont agréées
comme telles par les Comités nationaux de la CEI. Tous les efforts raisonnables sont entrepris afin que la CEI
s'assure de l'exactitude du contenu technique de ses publications; la CEI ne peut pas être tenue responsable de
l'éventuelle mauvaise utilisation ou interprétation qui en est faite par un quelconque utilisateur final.
4) Dans le but d'encourager l'uniformité internationale, les Comités nationaux de la CEI s'engagent, dans toute la
mesure possible, à appliquer de façon transparente les Publications de la CEI dans leurs publications
nationales et régionales. Toutes divergences entre toutes Publications de la CEI et toutes publications
nationales ou régionales correspondantes doivent être indiquées en termes clairs dans ces dernières.
5) La CEI n’a prévu aucune procédure de marquage valant indication d’approbation et n'engage pas sa
responsabilité pour les équipements déclarés conformes à une de ses Publications.
6) Tous les utilisateurs doivent s'assurer qu'ils sont en possession de la dernière édition de cette publication.
7) Aucune responsabilité ne doit être imputée à la CEI, à ses administrateurs, employés, auxiliaires ou
mandataires, y compris ses experts particuliers et les membres de ses comités d'études et des Comités
nationaux de la CEI, pour tout préjudice causé en cas de dommages corporels et matériels, ou de tout autre
dommage de quelque nature que ce soit, directe ou indirecte, ou pour supporter les coûts (y compris les frais
de justice) et les dépenses découlant de la publication ou de l'utilisation de cette Publication de la CEI ou de
toute autre Publication de la CEI, ou au crédit qui lui est accordé.
8) L'attention est attirée sur les références normatives citées dans cette publication. L'utilisation de publications
référencées est obligatoire pour une application correcte de la présente publication.
9) L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments de la présente Publication de la CEI peuvent faire
l’objet de droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. La CEI ne saurait être tenue pour
responsable de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et de ne pas avoir signalé leur existence.
La présente partie de la Norme internationale CEI 60335 a été établie par le comité d'études 61
de la CEI: Sécurité des appareils électrodomestiques et analogues.
La présente version consolidée de la CEI 60335-2-81 est issue de la deuxième édition (2002)
[documents 61/2178/FDIS et 61/2259/RVD] et de son amendement 1 (2007) [documents
61/3196/FDIS et 61/3236/RVD].
Elle porte le numéro d'édition 2.1.
Une ligne verticale dans la marge indique où la publication de base a été modifiée par
l'amendement 1.
La version française de cette norme n’a pas été soumise au vote.
60335-2-81 © IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
SAFETY –
Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers
and heating mats
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This part of International Standard IEC 60335 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 61:
Safety of household and similar electrical appliances.
This consolidated version of IEC 60335-2-81 is based on the second edition (2002)
[documents 61/2178/FDIS and 61/2259/RVD] and its amendment 1 (2007) [documents
61/3196/FDIS and 61/3236/RVD].
It bears the edition number 2.1.
A vertical line in the margin shows where the base publication has been modified by
amendment 1.
The French version of this standard has not been voted upon.
– 6 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2002+A1:2007
La présente partie 2 doit être utilisée conjointement avec la dernière édition de la CEI 60335-1 et
ses amendements. Elle a été établie sur la base de la quatrième édition (2001) de cette norme.
NOTE 1 L’expression «Partie 1» utilisée dans la présente norme fait référence à la CEI 60335-1.
La présente partie 2 complète ou modifie les articles correspondants de la CEI 60335-1 de
façon à la transformer en norme CEI: Règles de sécurité pour les chancelières et les carpettes
chauffantes électriques.
Lorsqu'un paragraphe particulier de la Partie 1 n'est pas mentionné dans cette partie 2, ce
paragraphe s'applique pour autant qu'il est raisonnable. Lorsque la présente norme spécifie
«addition», «modification» ou «remplacement», le texte correspondant de la Partie 1 doit être
adapté en conséquence.
NOTE 2 Le système de numérotation suivant est utilisé:
– paragraphes, tableaux et figures: ceux qui sont numérotés à partir de 101 sont complémentaires à ceux de la
Partie 1;
– notes: à l’exception de celles qui sont dans un nouveau paragraphe ou de celles qui concernent des notes de la
Partie 1, les notes sont numérotées à partir de 101, y compris celles des articles ou paragraphes qui sont
modifiés ou remplacés;
– les annexes supplémentaires sont appelées AA, BB, etc.
NOTE 3 Les caractères d'imprimerie suivants sont utilisés:
– prescriptions: caractères romains;
– modalités d'essais: caractères italiques;
– notes: petits caractères romains.
Les termes figurant en caractères gras dans le texte sont définis à l'Article 3. Lorsqu'une définition concerne un
adjectif, l'adjectif et le nom associé figurent également en gras.
Les différences suivantes existent dans les pays indiqués ci-après:
– 3.1.9: Les conditions de fonctionnement normal sont différentes (USA).
– 6.1: Les appareils de la classe 0 sont autorisés si leur tension assignée n'excède pas
150 V (Japon).
– 6.1: Les appareils de la classe 0 ou de la classe I sont autorisés (USA).
– 19.2: L'essai est différent (USA).
– 21.101: L'essai est différent (USA).
– 22.101: Les essais sont différents (USA).
Le comité a décidé que le contenu de la publication de base et de ses amendements ne sera
pas modifié avant la date de maintenance indiquée sur le site web de la CEI sous
"http://webstore.iec.ch" dans les données relatives à la publication recherchée. A cette date,
la publication sera
• reconduite,
• supprimée,
• remplacée par une édition révisée, ou
• amendée.
60335-2-81 © IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 7 –
This part 2 is to be used in conjunction with the latest edition of IEC 60335-1 and its
amendments. It was established on the basis of the fourth edition (2001) of that standard.
NOTE 1 When “Part 1” is mentioned in this standard, it refers to IEC 60335-1.
This part 2 supplements or modifies the corresponding clauses in IEC 60335-1, so as to
convert that publication into the IEC standard: Safety requirements for electric foot warmers
and heating mats.
When a particular subclause of Part 1 is not mentioned in this part 2, that subclause applies
as far as is reasonable. When this standard states "addition", "modification", or "replacement",
the relevant text in Part 1 is to be adapted accordingly.
NOTE 2 The following numbering system is used:
– subclauses, tables and figures that are numbered starting from 101 are additional to those in Part 1;
– unless notes are in a new subclause or involve notes in Part 1, they are numbered starting from 101, including
those in a replaced clause or subclause;
– additional annexes are lettered AA, BB, etc.
NOTE 3 The following print types are used:
– requirements: in roman type;
– test specifications: in italic type;
– notes: in small roman type.
Words in bold in the text are defined in Clause 3. When a definition concerns an adjective, the adjective and the
associated noun are also in bold.
The following differences exist in the countries indicated below.
– 3.1.9: Normal operation is different (USA).
– 6.1: Class 0 appliances are allowed if their rated voltage does not exceed 150 V
(Japan).
– 6.1: Class 0 and class I appliances are allowed (USA).
– 19.2: The test is different (USA).
– 21.101: The test is different (USA).
– 22.101: The tests are different (USA).
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendments will
remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date,
the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
– 8 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2002+A1:2007
INTRODUCTION
Il a été considéré en établissant la présente Norme internationale que l'exécution de ses
dispositions était confiée à des personnes expérimentées et ayant une qualification appropriée.
Cette norme reconnaît le niveau de protection internationalement accepté contre les risques
électriques, mécaniques, thermiques, liés au feu et au rayonnement des appareils, lorsqu'ils
fonctionnent comme en usage normal en tenant compte des instructions du fabricant. Elle
couvre également les situations anormales auxquelles on peut s'attendre dans la pratique et
prend en considération les phénomènes électromagnétiques qui peuvent affecter le
fonctionnement en toute sécurité des appareils.
Cette norme tient compte autant que possible des prescriptions de la CEI 60364, de façon à
rester compatible avec les règles d'installation quand l’appareil est raccordé au réseau
d’alimentation. Cependant, des règles nationales d'installation peuvent être différentes.
Si un appareil compris dans le domaine d’application de cette norme comporte également des
fonctions qui sont couvertes par une autre partie 2 de la CEI 60335, la partie 2 correspondante
est appliquée à chaque fonction séparément, dans la limite du raisonnable. Si cela est
applicable, on tient compte de l’influence d’une fonction sur les autres fonctions.
Lorsqu’une partie 2 ne comporte pas d’exigences complémentaires pour couvrir les risques
traités dans la Partie 1, la Partie 1 s’applique.
NOTE 1 Cela signifie que les comités d’études responsables pour les parties 2 ont déterminé qu’il n’était pas
nécessaire de spécifier des exigences particulières pour l’appareil en question en plus des exigences générales.
Cette norme est une norme de famille de produits traitant de la sécurité d’appareils et a
préséance sur les normes horizontales et génériques couvrant le même sujet.
NOTE 2 Les normes horizontales et génériques couvrant un risque ne sont pas applicables parce qu’elles ont été
prises en considération lorsque les exigences générales et particulières ont été étudiées pour la série de normes
CEI 60335. Par exemple, dans le cas des exigences de température de surface pour de nombreux appareils, des
normes génériques, comme l’ISO 13732-1 pour les surfaces chaudes, ne sont pas applicables en plus de la
Partie 1 ou des parties 2.
Un appareil conforme au texte de la présente norme ne sera pas nécessairement jugé
conforme aux principes de sécurité de la norme si, lorsqu'il est examiné et soumis aux essais,
il apparaît qu'il présente d'autres caractéristiques qui compromettent le niveau de sécurité visé
par ces prescriptions.
Un appareil utilisant des matériaux ou présentant des modes de construction différents de
ceux décrits dans les prescriptions de cette norme peut être examiné et essayé en fonction de
l'objectif poursuivi par ces prescriptions et, s'il est jugé pratiquement équivalent, il peut être
estimé conforme aux principes de sécurité de la norme.
60335-2-81 © IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 9 –
INTRODUCTION
It has been assumed in the drafting of this International Standard that the execution of its
provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced persons.
This standard recognizes the internationally accepted level of protection against hazards such
as electrical, mechanical, thermal, fire and radiation of appliances when operated as in
normal use taking into account the manufacturer's instructions. It also covers abnormal
situations that can be expected in practice and takes into account the way in which
electromagnetic phenomena can affect the safe operation of appliances.
This standard takes into account the requirements of IEC 60364 as far as possible so that
there is compatibility with the wiring rules when the appliance is connected to the supply
mains. However, national wiring rules may differ.
If an appliance within the scope of this standard also incorporates functions that are covered
by another part 2 of IEC 60335, the relevant part 2 is applied to each function separately, as
far as is reasonable. If applicable, the influence of one function on the other is taken into
account.
When a part 2 standard does not include additional requirements to cover hazards dealt with
in Part 1, Part 1 applies.
NOTE 1 This means that the technical committees responsible for the part 2 standards have determined that it is
not necessary to specify particular requirements for the appliance in question over and above the general
requirements.
This standard is a product family standard dealing with the safety of appliances and takes
precedence over horizontal and generic standards covering the same subject.
NOTE 2 Horizontal and generic standards covering a hazard are not applicable since they have been taken into
consideration when developing the general and particular requirements for the IEC 60335 series of standards. For
example, in the case of temperature requirements for surfaces on many appliances, generic standards, such as
ISO 13732-1 for hot surfaces, are not applicable in addition to Part 1 or part 2 standards.
An appliance that complies with the text of this standard will not necessarily be considered to
comply with the safety principles of the standard if, when examined and tested, it is found to
have other features that impair the level of safety covered by these requirements.
An appliance employing materials or having forms of construction differing from those detailed
in the requirements of this standard may be examined and tested according to the intent of
the requirements and, if found to be substantially equivalent, may be considered to comply
with the standard.
– 10 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2002+A1:2007
APPAREILS ÉLECTRODOMESTIQUES ET ANALOGUES –
SÉCURITÉ –
Partie 2-81: Règles particulières pour les chancelières
et les carpettes chauffantes électriques
1 Domaine d'application
L'article de la Partie 1 est remplacé par l’article ci-après.
La présente Norme internationale traite de la sécurité des chancelières et des carpettes
chauffantes électriques destinées à un usage domestique ou analogue, dont la tension
assignée n'est pas supérieure à 250 V.
Les appareils non destinés à un usage domestique normal mais qui néanmoins constituent une
source de danger pour le public, tels que les appareils destinés à être utilisés par des usagers
non avertis dans des magasins, chez les artisans et dans les fermes, sont compris dans le
domaine d'application de la présente norme.
Dans la mesure du possible, la présente norme traite des risques ordinaires présentés par les
appareils, encourus par tous les individus à l'intérieur et autour de l'habitation. Cependant,
cette norme ne tient pas compte en général
– des personnes (y compris des enfants) dont
• les capacités physiques, sensorielles ou mentales; ou
• le manque d’expérience et de connaissance
les empêchent d’utiliser l’appareil en toute sécurité sans surveillance ou instruction;
– de l’utilisation de l’appareil comme jouet par des enfants.
NOTE 101 L'attention est attirée sur le fait que
– pour les appareils destinés à être utilisés dans des véhicules ou à bord de navires ou d'avions, des
prescriptions supplémentaires peuvent être nécessaires;
– dans de nombreux pays, des prescriptions supplémentaires sont imposées par les organismes nationaux de la
santé publique, par les organismes nationaux responsables de la protection des travailleurs et par des
organismes analogues.
NOTE 102 La présente norme ne s'applique pas
– aux appareils spécifiquement destinés à être utilisés sous surveillance médicale;
– aux couvertures et coussins électriques (CEI 60335-2-17);
– aux tapis chauffants électriques;
– aux appareils de chauffage électrique destinés à la reproduction et à l'élevage des animaux (CEI 60335-2-71).
2 Références normatives
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable avec l’exception suivante.
Addition:
ISO 2439, Matériaux polymères alvéolaires souples. Détermination de la dureté (technique
par indentation ).
60335-2-81 © IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 11 –
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
SAFETY –
Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers
and heating mats
1 Scope
This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following.
This International Standard deals with the safety of electric foot warmers and heating mats
for household and similar purposes, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V.
Appliances not intended for normal household use but which nevertheless may be a source of
danger to the public, such as appliances intended to be used by laymen in shops, in light
industry and on farms, are within the scope of this standard.
As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by
appliances that are encountered by all persons in and around the home. However, in general,
it does not take into account
– persons (including children) whose
• physical, sensory or mental capabilities; or
• lack of experience and knowledge
prevents them from using the appliance safely without supervision or instruction;
– children playing with the appliance.
NOTE 101 Attention is drawn to the fact that
– for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be
necessary;
– in many countries additional requirements are specified by the national health authorities, the national
authorities responsible for the protection of labour, and similar authorities.
NOTE 102 This standard does not apply to
– appliances specifically intended for use under medical supervision;
– electric blankets and pads (IEC 60335-2-17);
– electrically heated carpets;
– electrical heating appliances for breeding and rearing animals (IEC 60335-2-71).
2 Normative references
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
Addition:
ISO 2439, Polymeric materials, cellular flexible. Determination of hardness (indentation
technique).
– 12 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2002+A1:2007
3 Définitions
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable avec les exceptions suivantes.
3.1.9 Remplacement:
conditions de fonctionnement normal
fonctionnement de l'appareil dans les conditions suivantes:
Les chancelières sont vides et placées horizontalement.
Les carpettes chauffantes sont placées horizontalement et recouvertes d'un bloc de
polystyrène expansé dont les dimensions sont approximativement de 300 mm × 150 mm ×
50 mm.
3 3
NOTE 101 La densité du polystyrène est d'environ 20 kg/m ± 5 kg/m .
3.101
chancelière
appareil dans lequel l'usager introduit les pieds pour les réchauffer
3.102
carpette chauffante
appareil dont la surface n'excède pas 0,5 m et sur lequel l'usager pose les pieds pour les
réchauffer
4 Prescriptions générales
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable.
5 Conditions générales d'essais
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable avec les exceptions suivantes.
5.2 Addition:
Un morceau d'élément chauffant ou de conducteur interne de 15 m de long est nécessaire pour
les essais de 21.102.
Douze échantillons du matériau de l'enveloppe des chancelières, mesurant chacun
200 mm × 100 mm, sont nécessaires pour l'essai de 30.101.
5.3 Addition:
Avant d'être soumis aux essais, l'appareil est lavé ou nettoyé deux fois conformément aux
instructions.
5.5 Addition:
Si l'appareil comporte une housse amovible, les essais sont effectués avec ou sans la
housse, suivant la condition la plus défavorable.
60335-2-81 © IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 13 –
3 Definitions
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
3.1.9 Replacement:
normal operation
operation of the appliance under the following conditions
Foot warmers are unfilled and placed on a horizontal surface.
Heating mats are placed on a horizontal surface and covered by a piece of expanded
polystyrene having dimensions approximately 300 mm × 150 mm × 50 mm.
3 3
NOTE 101 The density of the polystyrene is approximately 20 kg/m ± 5 kg/m .
3.101
foot warmer
appliance into which the user's feet are inserted in order to warm them
3.102
heating mat
appliance having an area not exceeding 0,5 m , on which the user's feet are placed in order
to warm them
4 General requirement
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
5 General conditions for the tests
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
5.2 Addition:
A 15 m length of heating element or internal wiring is required for the tests of 21.102.
Twelve samples of the enclosure material of foot warmers, each having dimensions
200 mm × 100 mm, are required for the test of 30.101.
5.3 Addition:
Before testing is started, the appliance is laundered or cleaned twice in accordance with the
instructions.
5.5 Addition:
If the appliance is provided with a detachable cover, the tests are carried out with or without
this cover, whichever is more unfavourable.
– 14 – 60335-2-81 © CEI:2002+A1:2007
6 Classification
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable avec les exceptions suivantes.
6.1 Modification:
Les appareils doivent être de la classe II ou de la classe III.
6.2 Addition:
Les appareils doivent être au moins IPX1. Toutefois, les interrupteurs dans le câble
d’alimentation peuvent être IPX0.
7 Marquage et indications
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable avec l’exception suivante.
7.12 Addition:
Les instructions doivent comporter en substance:
– indiquer que l'appareil ne doit pas être utilisé s'il montre des signes de détérioration;
– indiquer que l'appareil ne doit pas être utilisé pour réchauffer des animaux;
– comporter des précisions concernant le lavage ou le nettoyage.
Les instructions pour les chancelières doivent indiquer que les chaussures d’extérieur doivent
être enlevées avant utilisation.
Les instructions pour les carpettes chauffantes doivent indiquer que l'appareil doit être réparé
ou remplacé si la housse est usée. Elles doivent expliquer comment une telle usure peut être
constatée.
Les instructions des chancelières pourvues d’un socle de connecteur doivent indiquer que le
câble doit être déconnecté de l’alimentation et de l’appareil après le préchauffage.
8 Protection contre l'accès aux parties actives
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable.
9 Démarrage des appareils à moteur
L'article de la Partie 1 n’est pas applicable.
10 Puissance et courant
L'article de la Partie 1 est applicable.
60335-2-81 © IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 15 –
6 Classification
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
6.1 Modification:
Appliances shall be class II or class III.
6.2 Addition:
Appliances shall be at least IPX1. However, switches in the supply cord may be IPX0.
7 Marking and instructions
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
7.12 Addition:
The instructions shall state the substance of the following:
– the appliance is not to be used if there are signs of damage;
– the appliance is not to be used for warming animals;
– details regarding laundering or cleaning.
The instructions for foot warmers shall state that outdoor shoes must be removed before
use.
The instructions for heating mats shall state that the appliance has to be repaired or replaced
if the cover is worn. They shall explain how such wear can be observed.
The instructions for foot warmers incorporating an appliance inlet shall state that the cord set
must be disconnected from the
...
IEC 60335-2-81 ®
Edition 2.2 2012-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –
Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers and heating mats
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues – Sécurité –
Partie 2-81: Règles particulières pour les chancelières et les carpettes
chauffantes électriques
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IEC 60335-2-81 ®
Edition 2.2 2012-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –
Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers and heating mats
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues – Sécurité –
Partie 2-81: Règles particulières pour les chancelières et les carpettes
chauffantes électriques
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX CJ
ICS 97.100.10 ISBN 978-2-88912-873-0
– 2 – 60335-2-81 IEC:2002+A1:2007
+A2:2011
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Definitions . 7
4 General requirement . 7
5 General conditions for the tests . 7
6 Classification . 8
7 Marking and instructions . 8
8 Protection against access to live parts . 8
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances . 8
10 Power input and current . 8
11 Heating . 9
12 Void . 9
13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature . 9
14 Transient overvoltages . 9
15 Moisture resistance . 9
16 Leakage current and electric strength . 9
17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits . 10
18 Endurance . 10
19 Abnormal operation . 10
20 Stability and mechanical hazards . 10
21 Mechanical strength . 11
22 Construction . 13
23 Internal wiring . 14
24 Components . 14
25 Supply connection and external flexible cords . 14
26 Terminals for external conductors . 14
27 Provision for earthing . 14
28 Screws and connections . 15
29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation . 15
30 Resistance to heat and fire . 15
31 Resistance to rusting . 17
32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards . 17
Annexes . 22
Bibliography . 22
Figure 101 – Equipment for the flexing test for foot warmers . 18
Figure 102 – Equipment for flexing heating elements and internal wiring . 19
Figure 103 – Equipment for the spark ignition test . 20
Figure 103a – Details of the mask . 21
60335-2-81 IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 3 –
+A2:2011
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
SAFETY –
Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers
and heating mats
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This part of International Standard IEC 60335 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 61:
Safety of household and similar electrical appliances.
This consolidated version of IEC 60335-2-81 consists of the second edition (2002)
[documents 61/2178/FDIS and 61/2259/RVD], its amendment 1 (2007) [documents
61/3196/FDIS and 61/3236/RVD] and its amendment 2 (2011) [documents 61/4102/CDV and
61/4200/RVC].
The technical content is therefore identical to the base edition and its amendments and has
been prepared for user convenience.
It bears the edition number 2.2.
A vertical line in the margin shows where the base publication has been modified by
amendments 1 and 2.
The French version of this standard has not been voted upon.
– 4 – 60335-2-81 IEC:2002+A1:2007
+A2:2011
This part 2 is to be used in conjunction with the latest edition of IEC 60335-1 and its
amendments. It was established on the basis of the fourth edition (2001) of that standard.
NOTE 1 When “Part 1” is mentioned in this standard, it refers to IEC 60335-1.
This part 2 supplements or modifies the corresponding clauses in IEC 60335-1, so as to
convert that publication into the IEC standard: Safety requirements for electric foot warmers
and heating mats.
When a particular subclause of Part 1 is not mentioned in this part 2, that subclause applies
as far as is reasonable. When this standard states "addition", "modification", or "replacement",
the relevant text in Part 1 is to be adapted accordingly.
NOTE 2 The following numbering system is used:
– subclauses, tables and figures that are numbered starting from 101 are additional to those in Part 1;
– unless notes are in a new subclause or involve notes in Part 1, they are numbered starting from 101, including
those in a replaced clause or subclause;
– additional annexes are lettered AA, BB, etc.
NOTE 3 The following print types are used:
– requirements: in roman type;
– test specifications: in italic type;
– notes: in small roman type.
Words in bold in the text are defined in Clause 3. When a definition concerns an adjective, the adjective and the
associated noun are also in bold.
The following differences exist in the countries indicated below.
– 3.1.9: Normal operation is different (USA).
– 6.1: Class 0 appliances are allowed if their rated voltage does not exceed 150 V
(Japan).
– 6.1: Class 0 and class I appliances are allowed (USA).
– 19.2: The test is different (USA).
– 21.101: The test is different (USA).
– 22.101: The tests are different (USA).
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendments will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
NOTE 4 The attention of National Committees is drawn to the fact that equipment manufacturers and testing
organizations may need a transitional period following publication of a new, amended or revised IEC publication in
which to make products in accordance with the new requirements and to equip themselves for conducting new or
revised tests.
It is the recommendation of the committee that the content of the amendment 2 be adopted for implementation
nationally not earlier than 12 months or later than 36 months from the date of publication.
60335-2-81 IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 5 –
+A2:2011
INTRODUCTION
It has been assumed in the drafting of this International Standard that the execution of its
provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced persons.
This standard recognizes the internationally accepted level of protection against hazards such
as electrical, mechanical, thermal, fire and radiation of appliances when operated as in
normal use taking into account the manufacturer's instructions. It also covers abnormal
situations that can be expected in practice and takes into account the way in which
electromagnetic phenomena can affect the safe operation of appliances.
This standard takes into account the requirements of IEC 60364 as far as possible so that
there is compatibility with the wiring rules when the appliance is connected to the supply
mains. However, national wiring rules may differ.
If an appliance within the scope of this standard also incorporates functions that are covered
by another part 2 of IEC 60335, the relevant part 2 is applied to each function separately, as
far as is reasonable. If applicable, the influence of one function on the other is taken into
account.
When a part 2 standard does not include additional requirements to cover hazards dealt with
in Part 1, Part 1 applies.
NOTE 1 This means that the technical committees responsible for the part 2 standards have determined that it is
not necessary to specify particular requirements for the appliance in question over and above the general
requirements.
This standard is a product family standard dealing with the safety of appliances and takes
precedence over horizontal and generic standards covering the same subject.
NOTE 2 Horizontal and generic standards covering a hazard are not applicable since they have been taken into
consideration when developing the general and particular requirements for the IEC 60335 series of standards. For
example, in the case of temperature requirements for surfaces on many appliances, generic standards, such as
ISO 13732-1 for hot surfaces, are not applicable in addition to Part 1 or part 2 standards.
An appliance that complies with the text of this standard will not necessarily be considered to
comply with the safety principles of the standard if, when examined and tested, it is found to
have other features that impair the level of safety covered by these requirements.
An appliance employing materials or having forms of construction differing from those detailed
in the requirements of this standard may be examined and tested according to the intent of
the requirements and, if found to be substantially equivalent, may be considered to comply
with the standard.
– 6 – 60335-2-81 IEC:2002+A1:2007
+A2:2011
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
SAFETY –
Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers
and heating mats
1 Scope
This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following.
This International Standard deals with the safety of electric foot warmers and heating mats
for household and similar purposes, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V.
Appliances not intended for normal household use but which nevertheless may be a source of
danger to the public, such as appliances intended to be used by laymen in shops, in light
industry and on farms, are within the scope of this standard.
As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by
appliances that are encountered by all persons in and around the home. However, in general,
it does not take into account
– persons (including children) whose
• physical, sensory or mental capabilities; or
• lack of experience and knowledge
prevents them from using the appliance safely without supervision or instruction;
– children playing with the appliance.
NOTE 101 Attention is drawn to the fact that
– for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be
necessary;
– in many countries additional requirements are specified by the national health authorities, the national
authorities responsible for the protection of labour, and similar authorities.
NOTE 102 This standard does not apply to
– appliances specifically intended for use under medical supervision;
– electric blankets and pads (IEC 60335-2-17);
– electrically heated carpets;
– electrical heating appliances for breeding and rearing animals (IEC 60335-2-71).
2 Normative references
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
Addition:
IEC 60320-1:2001, Appliance couplers for household and similar general purposes – Part 1:
General requirements
Amendment 1 (2007)
ISO 2439, Polymeric materials, cellular flexible. Determination of hardness (indentation
technique).
———————
There exists a consolidated edition 2.1 (2007) that includes edition 2 and its Amendment 1.
60335-2-81 IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 7 –
+A2:2011
3 Definitions
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
3.1.9 Replacement:
normal operation
operation of the appliance under the following conditions
Foot warmers are unfilled and placed on a horizontal surface.
Heating mats are placed on a horizontal surface and covered by a piece of expanded
polystyrene having dimensions approximately 300 mm × 150 mm × 50 mm.
3 3
NOTE 101 The density of the polystyrene is approximately 20 kg/m ± 5 kg/m .
3.101
foot warmer
appliance into which the user's feet are inserted in order to warm them
3.102
heating mat
appliance having an area not exceeding 0,5 m , on which the user's feet are placed in order
to warm them
3.103
heating element with PTC characteristics
heating element of the appliance consisting of a pair of conductors separated by conductive
material that has a rapid non-linear increase in resistance when the temperature is raised
through a particular range
4 General requirement
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
5 General conditions for the tests
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
5.2 Addition:
A 15 m length of heating element or internal wiring is required for the tests of 21.102.
Twelve samples of the enclosure material of foot warmers, each having dimensions
200 mm × 100 mm, are required for the test of 30.101.
5.3 Addition:
Before testing is started, the appliance is laundered or cleaned twice in accordance with the
instructions.
5.5 Addition:
If the appliance is provided with a detachable cover, the tests are carried out with or without
this cover, whichever is more unfavourable.
– 8 – 60335-2-81 IEC:2002+A1:2007
+A2:2011
6 Classification
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
6.1 Modification:
Appliances shall be class II or class III.
6.2 Addition:
Appliances shall be at least IPX1. However, switches in the supply cord may be IPX0.
7 Marking and instructions
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
7.12 Addition:
The instructions shall state the substance of the following:
– the appliance is not to be used if there are signs of damage;
– the appliance is not to be used for warming animals;
– details regarding laundering or cleaning.
The instructions for foot warmers shall state that outdoor shoes must be removed before use.
The instructions for heating mats shall state that the appliance has to be repaired or replaced
if the cover is worn. They shall explain how such wear can be observed.
The instructions for foot warmers incorporating an appliance inlet shall state that the cord set
must be disconnected from the supply and from the appliance after preheating.
8 Protection against access to live parts
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances
This clause of Part 1 is not applicable.
10 Power input and current
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
10.101 The power input of appliances incorporating heating elements with PTC
characteristics shall significantly decrease with an increase in temperature.
Compliance is checked by the following test.
The appliance is supplied at rated voltage and operated under normal operation. The power
input shall have decreased by at least 50 % from the initial value when steady conditions are
established, any control operating during this period being short-circuited.
60335-2-81 IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 9 –
+A2:2011
11 Heating
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows:
11.2 Modification:
Appliances are placed as near as possible to one wall of the test corner and away from the
other wall.
11.3 Addition:
Thermocouples attached to the small blackened disks are also used for measuring the
temperature rise of the surface of the appliance.
11.7 Replacement:
Appliances are operated until steady conditions are established.
11.8 Modification:
When polyvinyl chloride is used for insulating heating elements, the temperature rise of the
insulation shall not exceed 80 K.
Addition:
The temperature rise of surfaces likely to be in contact with the user's feet shall not exceed
40 K.
12 Void
13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
13.2 Modification:
When testing the top surface of heating mats, the dimensions of the metal foil are
× 150 mm.
300 mm
NOTE 101 If the heating mat is reversible, each surface is tested in turn.
Addition:
Foot warmers are also tested with the inside surface completely covered with metal foil.
14 Transient overvoltages
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
15 Moisture resistance
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
16 Leakage current and electric strength
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
– 10 – 60335-2-81 IEC:2002+A1:2007
+A2:2011
16.2 Modification:
When testing the top surface of heating mats, the dimensions of the metal foil are
300 mm × 150 mm.
NOTE 101 If the heated mat is reversible, each surface is tested in turn.
Addition:
Foot warmers are also tested with the inside surface completely covered with metal foil.
17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
18 Endurance
This clause of Part 1 is not applicable.
19 Abnormal operation
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
19.2 Addition:
The appliance is covered partially or completely, whichever is more unfavourable, with a
sheet of open-cell polyether approximately 36 mm thick, having the following properties:
+2
– cell count 18 per cm;
+10
– specific mass 30 kg/m + %;
– hardness 120 N to 170 N at 40 % impression, measured according to ISO 2439.
If the foot warmer has a flexible part that covers the user's legs, this part is folded onto the
foot part before covering.
A plywood board, having dimensions approximately 500 mm × 500 mm × 20 mm, is placed on
top of the polyether sheet covering foot warmers.
19.4 Modification:
Heating mats are tested without being covered by the polystyrene block.
19.13 Addition:
The temperature rise of the insulation of heating elements shall not exceed 145 K.
20 Stability and mechanical hazards
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
60335-2-81 IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 11 –
+A2:2011
21 Mechanical strength
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
21.1 Addition:
Foot warmers are also subjected to the test of 21.101.
21.2 Addition:
This requirement is not applicable to textiles and similar materials forming the enclosure.
21.101 A plywood board, having dimensions approximately 300 mm × 150 mm × 20 mm with
rounded edges, is placed in the leg section of the foot warmer as shown in Figure 101. A
load of 30 kg is placed on the board, which is allowed to drop freely from a height of 200 mm
above the base, so that the leg section is flexed and the appliance is compressed between
the board and the supporting surface. The total mass of the board, its movable support and
the load is 30 kg. If the foot warmer does not have a leg section, the board is allowed to fall
onto the top surface.
The test is carried out 1 000 times at a rate of six times per minute.
The test shall not result in
– damage to the enclosure or displacement of heating elements to such an extent that
compliance with the standard is impaired;
– open-circuiting of heating elements or controls;
– breakage of more than 10 % of the strands of internal wiring;
– failure of constructional stitching, or breakage of glued or welded joints, to such an extent
that compliance with the standard is impaired.
NOTE An example of damage to the enclosure that could impair compliance with the standard is a tear in the
enclosure. Small holes in textiles that are not part of electrical insulation or do not provide protection against
moisture are ignored.
21.102 The insulation of heating elements and internal wiring shall retain adequate flexibility
and insulating characteristics throughout the life of the appliance.
Compliance is checked by the tests of 21.102.1 and by the tests of 21.102.2 and 21.102.3
when the insulation exceeds
– a temperature rise of 50 K during the test of Clause 11,
or
– a temperature rise of 110 K during the tests of Clause 19.
The tests are carried out on separate samples of heating element or internal wiring.
For the test of 21.102.1, one sample measuring approximately 4 m in length is required. For
the tests of 21.102.2, at least 12 samples are required, each having a length of 300 mm. For
the test of 21.102.3, 12 samples are required, each having a length of 300 mm.
21.102.1 The sample of heating element or internal wiring is attached to the equipment
shown in Figure 102. This equipment has a carrier with two pulleys, each having a groove
with a radius of 4 mm, the diameter at the base of the groove being 25 mm. The pulleys are
arranged so that the sample is horizontal where it passes between them.
NOTE 1 For samples not having a circular cross-section, the form of the groove in the pulley is suitably modified.
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The sample is stretched over the pulleys, each end being loaded with a mass of 0,25 kg. If
necessary, the mass at each end is increased in steps of 0,1 kg in order to ensure that the
wires leaving the pulleys are parallel to each other. Restraining clamps are positioned so that
the pull is always applied by the mass in the opposite direction from which the carrier is
moving.
The carrier moves over a distance of 1 m with a constant speed of approximately 0,33 m/s for
25 000 cycles.
NOTE 2 A cycle is two movements, one in each direction.
The sample shall not break during the test.
NOTE 3 A monitoring current not exceeding 50 mA may be passed through the sample during the test.
2 For heating elements with PTC characteristics, the power input is measured before and
after the test. The measurement is made with the heating element suspended vertically in
free air and supplied at the rated voltage of the appliance. Both measurements are carried
out at the same ambient temperature and when the power input has stabilized. The power
input shall not increase during the test.
The sample is then immersed in water containing approximately 1 % NaCl. A d.c. voltage of
approximately 500 V is applied between the conductor and the saline solution.
Ω.
The insulation resistance is measured 1 min after immersion and shall be at least 1 M
21.102.2 The conductors are pulled out from 12 samples of heating element or internal
wiring. If this is not possible, the insulation is slit longitudinally, the conductor is removed and
the insulation allowed to close.
Six of the samples are conditioned by suspending them vertically so that they hang freely in a
heating cabinet at a temperature of 125 °C ± 2 °C for 336 h. The samples are removed from
the cabinet and allowed to cool down to room temperature. When the material has stabilized,
the length of the samples is measured and shall not be less than 90 % of the original length.
NOTE 1 PVC material is considered to have stabilized by 16 h after removal from the cabinet.
NOTE 2 The heating cabinet is to have forced air circulation in order to ensure that there is no temperature
gradient over the length of the samples.
The 12 samples are placed in a tensile machine, in turn, so that the length between the
clamps is at least 50 mm. The machine is operated at a uniform speed of
500 mm/min ± 50 mm/min. The force and elongation at the instant of rupture are determined.
Results obtained from any sample that ruptured at a force differing from the average value by
more than 10 %, and from samples that ruptured within a distance of 15 mm from the clamp,
are disregarded. Additional samples are tested in order to obtain 12 valid results.
The elongation of each of the unconditioned samples shall not be less than 100 % and their
tensile strength shall not be less than 8,75 MPa.
The average value of both the elongation and tensile strength of the conditioned samples
shall be not less than 75 % of the average value determined for the unconditioned samples.
21.102.3 A 10 mm length of insulation is removed from each end of 12 samples of heating
element or internal wiring.
Six of the samples are wound in a close helix of six turns on a metal mandrel having a
diameter approximately equal to the external diameter of the samples. Together with the
remaining six samples, they are placed in a heating cabinet at a temperature of 125 °C ± 2 °C
60335-2-81 IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 13 –
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for 336 h. The samples are removed from the cabinet and allowed to cool down to room
temperature.
When the material has stabilized, the other six samples are also wound on the mandrel in the
same way.
NOTE 1 PVC material is considered to have stabilized by 16 h after removal from the cabinet.
NOTE 2 The heating cabinet is to have forced air circulation in order to ensure that there is no temperature
gradient over the length of the samples.
The mandrel is immersed for 1 h in water containing approximately 1 % NaCl. The samples
are then subjected to a test voltage of 1 000 V for class II appliances and 500 V for class III
appliances. The voltage is applied for 1 min between the conductors and the solution and
there shall be no breakdown.
The samples are unwound from the mandrel and inspection shall show that there are no
visible cracks.
2 21.103 Heating elements with PTC characteristics shall be resistant to crushing.
Compliance is checked by the following test.
The flexible part is fully supported by a piece of plywood 20 mm thick and supplied as
specified in 11.4. When steady conditions are established, the temperature of the heating
element is measured. A block having dimensions of 100 mm × 300 mm and a mass of 80 kg
is applied for 5 min to the surface in the most unfavourable place. After removing the block,
the appliance is again operated until steady conditions are established and the temperature of
the heating element is measured. The temperature of the heating element where the block
has been applied shall not have increased by more than 10 K.
NOTE 1 The edges of the block in contact with the flexible part are rounded.
NOTE 2 The most unfavourable place to apply the block is usually at a loop in the element.
22 Construction
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
22.101 Appliances shall be constructed so that heating elements and internal wiring are
retained in their intended position. No part of the heating element shall cross over another
part of the heating element.
Crossing of internal wiring shall be avoided as far as possible. When this is unavoidable, the
wiring shall be secured in order to prevent any relative movement.
Compliance is checked by inspection.
22.102 There shall be no significant change in the position of the heating elements if the
stitching retaining them in position is broken.
Compliance is checked by inspection after breaking the thread in the most unfavourable
place.
22.103 The insulation of heating elements and internal wiring, except in class III appliances,
shall be integral with the conductor.
Compliance is checked by inspection.
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22.104 Heating mats shall be constructed so that exposure of insulation of heating element
and internal wiring shall be readily observed.
Compliance is checked by inspection after removing other materials such as carpet pile. The
colours of the insulation shall be different from the colours of the other materials.
23 Internal wiring
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
24 Components
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
2 24.1.3 Modification:
Switches are tested for 6 000 cycles of operation.
24.1.4 Modification:
Thermostats are operated for 100 000 cycles of operation and self-resetting thermal cut-
outs for 10 000 cycles of operation.
24.2 Modification:
Appliances may be fitted with switches in flexible cords.
25 Supply connection and external flexible cords
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
25.1 Modification:
Foot warmers shall not incorporate an appliance inlet unless they are intended to be
connected to the supply during preheating only.
25.5 Addition:
Type Z attachment is allowed.
25.15 Modification:
The pull force is increased to 60 N.
26 Terminals for external conductors
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
27 Provision for earthing
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
60335-2-81 IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 15 –
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28 Screws and connections
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
29.2 Addition:
The microenvironment is pollution degree 3 unless the insulation is enclosed or located so
that it is unlikely to be exposed to pollution during normal use of the appliance.
29.3 Addition:
The requirement does not apply to the part containing heating elements.
30 Resistance to heat and fire
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
30.1 Addition:
The test is not applied to enclosures that are likely to be flexed in normal use.
Modification:
Parts of resilient plastic material are subjected to the pressure test of 24.1.3 of IEC 60320-1
instead of the ball pressure test of IEC 60695-10-2.
NOTE 101 An example of a part of resilient plastic material is a connection block.
30.2 Modification:
The test is not carried out on textiles and similar materials forming the enclosure of foot
warmers.
30.2.2 Not applicable.
30.2.3.2 Addition:
The needle-flame test is not carried out on textile materials.
30.101 Textiles and similar materials forming the enclosure of foot warmers shall be
adequately resistant to ignition.
Compliance is checked by a spark ignition test that is carried out on six samples of the
material. Each sample has dimensions approximately 200 mm × 100 mm. Any pieces of
heating element and trimming are removed from the samples.
The test fixture, as shown in Figure 103, has two brass electrodes 3 mm in diameter that are
supported by brass pillars mounted on a base plate of insulating material so that their axes
are aligned. The base plate also supports a platform of insulating material, having dimensions
of 100 mm × 100 mm, and located centrally between the brass pillars. Provision is made for
the height of the platform to be adjusted.
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One of the electrodes is fixed in position while the other electrode is movable, thus allowing
the sample to be inserted. The tip of the fixed electrode has an angle of 45°. The electrode is
positioned so that the point furthest from the brass pillar is at the top and at a distance of
approximately 3 mm from the centre of the platform. The movable electrode has a flat end.
The lower member of a two-part hardwood mask, as shown in detail A of Figure 103, is placed
on the adjustable platform in the position indicated.
The test fixture, including the upper member of the mask as shown in detail B of Figure 103,
is placed in a heating cabinet having a door with an inspection window, air being circulated by
natural convection. The electrodes are connected in series with an adjustable non-inductive
resistor to a supply having a sinusoidal output voltage of 10 kV and a characteristic such that
the output voltage does not decrease by more than 100 V when a current of 1 mA is flowing.
The temperature of the heating cabinet is raised to 65 °C ± 2 °C. The electrodes are then
short-circuited and the resistor adjusted so that a current of 1 mA flows. The supply is then
disconnected and the samples are placed in the cabinet for a period of 3 h.
Without removing the fixture from the heating cabinet, the movable electrode is withdrawn and
one sample is pulled over the fixed electrode so that the electrode is situated centrally in the
space normally occupied by the heating element. The sample is adjusted so that its end is
approximately level with the edge of the adjustable platform. The movable electrode is then
inserted into the other end of the element space and is fixed so that the distance between the
electrodes is 6,0 mm ± 0,1 mm. The sample is smoothed out and the upper member of the
mask is placed in position. The door of the heating cabinet is then closed for a further period
of 5 min in order to stabilise the temperature.
The supply is switched on and sparks are allowed to pass between the electrodes for a period
of 2 min. If the sample ignites, the time from the instant of switching on until the flame
reaches the inner edge of the mask is recorded, any ignition of surface fibres that last no
more than 3 s being ignored. If the sample does not ignite, a time of 120 s is recorded.
The sample is then removed and repositioned between the electrodes with the other surface
uppermost and so that the opposite end is subjected to the test.
The test is repeated on the other five samples.
If any time recorded is less than
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