IEC/IEEE 63184:2025

Assessment methods of the human exposure to electric and magnetic fields from wireless power transfer systems – Models, instrumentation, measurement and computational methods and procedures (frequency range of 3 kHz to 30 MHz)

IEC/IEEE 63184:2025 specifies methods to assess human exposure to electromagnetic fields generated by stationary wireless power transfer (WPT) in terms of specific absorption rate (SAR), internal electric fields[1] or current density, and contact currents. The frequency range covered by this document is from 3 kHz to 30 MHz. This document focuses on exposures from inductive WPT systems and specifies:
general compliance assessment procedures; measurement methods; computational assessment methods and assessment combining measurement and computational methods.
This document does not consider the immunity of cardiac implantable electrical devices to radiated disturbances from WPT systems.
This first edition of IEC/IEEE 63184 cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC PAS 63184 published in 2021. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) lower frequency bound changed from 1 kHz to 3 kHz;
b) clarified contact currents as indirect effects in assessment procedures;
c) in measurement methods applied the formulas of SAR and internal electric field;
d) in computational assessment methods added specifications for averaging of current density and internal E-field;
e) updated uncertainty of computational methods;
f) introduced test reporting contents guidance.

Méthodes d'évaluation de l'exposition humaine aux champs électriques et magnétiques produits par les systèmes de transfert de puissance sans fil – Modèles, instrumentation, méthodes et procédures de mesure et de calcul (Plage<br /> de fréquences comprise entre 3 kHz et 30 MHz)

IEC/IEEE 63184:2025 spécifie les méthodes d'évaluation de l'exposition humaine aux champs électromagnétiques produits par le transfert de puissance sans fil (WPT, Wireless Power Transfer) stationnaire en ce qui concerne le débit d'absorption spécifique (DAS), de champs électriques internes ou de densité de courant, et de courants de contact. La plage de fréquences couverte par le présent document est comprise entre 3 kHz et 30 MHz. Le présent document se concentre sur les expositions aux systèmes WPT inductifs et spécifie:
• les procédures générales d'évaluation de la conformité;
• les méthodes de mesure;
• les méthodes de calcul numérique pour l'évaluation;
• l'évaluation de méthodes combinées de mesure et de calcul.
Le présent document ne tient pas compte de l'immunité des dispositifs électriques cardiaques implantables aux perturbations rayonnées des systèmes WPT.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
a) la limite inférieure de fréquence est passée de 1 kHz à 3 kHz;
b) les courants de contact ont été clarifiés en tant qu'effets indirects dans les procédures d'évaluation;
c) dans les méthodes de mesure, les formules de DAS et de champ électrique interne ont été appliquées;
d) dans les méthodes de calcul numérique pour l'évaluation, des spécifications ont été ajoutées pour le calcul de la moyenne de la densité de courant et du champ E interne;
e) l'incertitude des méthodes de calcul a été mise à jour;
f) des recommandations relatives au contenu des rapports d'essai ont été introduites.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 24-Feb-2025
• ICS: 17.220.20 - Measurement of electrical and magnetic quantities
• ICS: 17.240 - Radiation measurements
• Technical Committee: TC 106 - Methods for the assessment of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields associated with human exposure
• Drafting Committee: JWG 63184 - TC 106/JWG 63184
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 25-Feb-2025
• Completion Date: 24-Jan-2025

Relations

• Replaces: IEC PAS 63184:2021 - Assessment methods of the human exposure to electric and magnetic fields from wireless power transfer systems - Models, instrumentation, measurement and numerical methods and procedures (frequency range of 1 kHz to 30 MHz)
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Overview

IEC/IEEE 63184:2025 is an international standard jointly developed by IEC and IEEE, focusing on the assessment of human exposure to electric and magnetic fields generated by stationary wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. This standard specifies comprehensive methods covering models, instrumentation, measurement, and computational procedures applicable within the frequency range of 3 kHz to 30 MHz. It primarily addresses inductive wireless power transfer technologies, which are increasingly prevalent in charging applications and wireless energy delivery.

This 2025 edition updates the previous version (IEC PAS 63184:2021) with important technical revisions such as the adjusted frequency range starting from 3 kHz, refined assessment of contact currents, enhanced computational and measurement methodologies, and guidance on uncertainty and test reporting.

Key Topics

• Human Exposure Assessment: Focuses on evaluating exposure metrics such as Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), internal electric fields, current density, and contact currents resulting from electromagnetic fields in inductive WPT systems.

• Assessment Procedures: Defines multi-tiered compliance procedures including:

  • Evaluation based on coil current
  • Incident fields compared to reference levels
  • Coupling factor methods for magnetic field evaluation
  • Direct assessment of internal exposure parameters against basic restrictions

• Measurement Methods: Details instrumentation and standardized procedures for measuring electromagnetic exposure including:

  • Incident electric and magnetic fields
  • SAR and internal electric fields within phantoms
  • Contact current measurements with associated equipment

• Computational Methods: Provides guidance on numerical modeling and simulations, including:

  • Quasi-static approximation techniques
  • Peak spatial average SAR and current density calculations
  • Uncertainty estimation in computational exposure assessments

• Combination Approaches: Addresses integrating measurement results with computational analysis for refined compliance evaluation of inductive WPT systems.

• Uncertainty and Reporting: Specifies requirements for documenting measurement and computational uncertainties, as well as comprehensive reporting templates to ensure consistent and transparent compliance demonstration.

Applications

IEC/IEEE 63184:2025 serves as a critical resource for:

• Manufacturers of Wireless Power Transfer Systems: To design and verify products that comply with human exposure limits to electromagnetic fields.
• Testing Laboratories and Certifiers: To adopt standardized methodologies for evaluating compliance of WPT devices, ensuring product safety and facilitating regulatory approvals.
• Regulatory Bodies and Policymakers: To establish evidence-based safety guidelines and reference levels for human exposure in environments involving stationary inductive wireless power systems.
• Researchers and Developers: To utilize validated models and procedures for studying electromagnetic field interactions with the human body, fostering innovation in wireless charging technologies.

Its standardized methods enable consistent safety assessments, fostering public confidence and enabling the broader adoption of wireless power technologies across sectors such as consumer electronics, electric vehicles, medical devices, and industrial automation.

Related Standards

IEC/IEEE 63184:2025 complements and integrates well with several key international standards related to electromagnetic exposure and wireless power systems, including:

• ICNIRP Guidelines: International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Guidelines on limits of exposure to electromagnetic fields.
• IEC 62311: Assessment of electronic and electrical equipment related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields.
• IEEE C95.1: Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields.
• IEC 61980 series: Standards on wireless power transfer systems for electric vehicles.
• ISO/IEC Guides on human exposure assessments: Providing general principles for risk evaluation in electromagnetic environments.

By aligning with these standards, IEC/IEEE 63184:2025 ensures harmonized assessment practices and supports global interoperability and safety assurance in wireless power transfer technologies.

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Keywords: IEC/IEEE 63184, human exposure assessment, wireless power transfer, inductive charging, electromagnetic fields, SAR measurement, exposure compliance, computational modeling, electric and magnetic fields, electromagnetic safety standards.

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC/IEEE 63184 ®
Edition 1.0 2025-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Assessment methods of the human exposure to electric and magnetic fields from
wireless power transfer systems – Models, instrumentation, measurement and
computational methods and procedures (frequency range of 3 kHz to 30 MHz)

Méthodes d'évaluation de l'exposition humaine aux champs électriques et
magnétiques produits par les systèmes de transfert de puissance sans fil –
Modèles, instrumentation, méthodes et procédures de mesure et de calcul (Plage
de fréquences comprise entre 3 kHz et 30 MHz)

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IEC/IEEE 63184 ®
Edition 1.0 2025-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Assessment methods of the human exposure to electric and magnetic fields

from wireless power transfer systems – Models, instrumentation, measurement

and computational methods and procedures (frequency range of 3 kHz to 30

MHz)
Méthodes d'évaluation de l'exposition humaine aux champs électriques et

magnétiques produits par les systèmes de transfert de puissance sans fil –

Modèles, instrumentation, méthodes et procédures de mesure et de calcul

(Plage de fréquences comprise entre 3 kHz et 30 MHz)

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 17.220.20; 17.240 ISBN 978-2-8327-0139-3

– 2 – IEC/IEEE 63184:2025 © IEC/IEEE 2025
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 10
INTRODUCTION . 12
1 Scope . 13
2 Normative references. 13
3 Terms and definitions . 14
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 19
4.1 Physical quantities . 19
4.2 Constants . 19
4.3 Abbreviated terms . 19
5 Assessment procedures . 20
5.1 General . 20
5.2 Compliance assessment considering direct effects . 21
5.2.1 General . 21
5.2.2 Tier 1: Evaluation based on coil current . 22
5.2.3 Tier 2: Evaluation of incident fields against reference levels . 23
5.2.4 Tier 3: Evaluation of incident magnetic fields using coupling factor . 23
5.2.5 Tier 4: Evaluation of internal E-field, current density, or SAR against
basic restrictions . 29
5.3 Exposure assessment of contact currents . 29
6 Measurement methods . 31
6.1 Incident fields. 31
6.1.1 General . 31
6.1.2 Equipment . 32
6.2 SAR and pE . 34
ind
6.3 Contact currents . 36
6.3.1 General . 36
6.3.2 Equipment . 36
6.3.3 Measurements . 37
7 Computational assessment methods . 38
7.1 General . 38
7.2 Quasi-static approximation . 39
7.3 Computational assessment against the basic restrictions . 40
7.3.1 General . 40
7.3.2 Peak spatial-average SAR . 41
7.3.3 Whole-body average SAR . 41
7.3.4 Averaged current density on a surface . 41
7.3.5 Peak spatial average internal E-field in a cubical volume . 41
7.3.6 Peak spatial average internal E-field along a line . 41
7.3.7 Maximum local internal E-field . 41
8 Combination of measurement and computational methods for inductive WPT
systems . 42
8.1 General . 42
8.2 Measurement of magnetic field . 42
8.3 Computational analyses of induced quantities . 42
8.4 Computational assessment against the basic restrictions . 43
9 Uncertainty assessments . 43

9.1 General . 43
9.2 Measurement methods . 43
9.2.1 Measurement uncertainty budget . 43
9.2.2 Amplitude calibration uncertainty . 44
9.2.3 Probe anisotropy . 45
9.2.4 Probe dynamic range linearity . 45
9.2.5 Probe frequency domain response . 45
9.2.6 Modulation response . 45
9.2.7 Spatial averaging (maximum gradient) . 45
9.2.8 Gradient assessment uncertainty . 45
9.2.9 Parasitic E-field and H-field sensitivity . 45
9.2.10 Detection limit . 45
9.2.11 Readout electronics . 46
9.2.12 Response time . 46
9.2.13 Probe positioning . 46
9.2.14 Signal postprocessing . 46
9.2.15 Nominal position . 46
9.2.16 Repeatability . 46
9.2.17 DUT . 46
9.3 Computational methods . 46
9.3.1 Computational uncertainty budget . 46
9.3.2 Grid resolution . 48
9.3.3 Tissue parameters . 48
9.3.4 Exposure position . 48
9.3.5 Convergence . 48
9.3.6 Power budget . 49
9.3.7 Boundary conditions . 49
9.3.8 Quasi-static approximation . 49
9.3.9 Model parts and geometry . 49
9.3.10 Dielectric parameters . 49
9.3.11 Ferrite parameters . 50
9.3.12 Positioning of transmit and receive coils . 50
9.3.13 Coupling of transmit and receive coils . 50
9.3.14 Exposure sources other than the coils . 50
9.3.15 Loading of the coil . 50
9.4 Assessment of combining measurement and computational methods. 50
10 Reporting . 51
10.1 General . 51
10.2 Items to be recorded in exposure compliance assessment reports . 51
10.3 Additional items to be included for evaluation measurements . 52
10.4 Additional items to be included for numerical and combined numerical and
measurement evaluations . 53
Annex A (normative) Exposure evaluations using approximations . 54
A.1 Limit on current for a WPT coil . 54
A.2 Induced field quantities for comparison with basic restrictions . 55
A.3 Enhancement or coverage factor . 57
Annex B (normative) Calibration methods . 58
B.1 General . 58
B.2 E-field and H-field calibration . 58

– 4 – IEC/IEEE 63184:2025 © IEC/IEEE 2025
B.2.1 Standard field generation methods . 58
B.2.2 Characteristics to be measured . 58
B.2.3 Frequency domain calibration . 60
B.2.4 E-field calibration . 63
B.3 Gradient response verification . 67
B.3.1 General . 67
B.3.2 H-field gradient verification: Main steps . 67
B.3.3 Uncertainty for H-field gradient verification . 67
B.4 Dosimetric probe calibration . 68
B.4.1 General . 68
B.4.2 Calibration with short dipole antennas via transmit antenna factor . 69
B.4.3 Uncertainty . 72
Annex C (normative) Verification and validation methods for measurements . 73
C.1 General . 73
C.2 Objective . 73
C.3 Measurement setup and procedure for system verification and system
validation . 73
C.3.1 General . 73
C.3.2 Measurement system verification: test procedure . 74
C.3.3 Measurement system validation: test procedure . 75
Annex D (informative) Case study on the dependency of SAR on phantom properties

and size. 76
D.1 Phantom properties . 76
D.2 Phantom size . 79
Annex E (informative) Extrapolation methods of SAR measurement . 82
E.1 General . 82
E.2 Measurement and interpolation of electric field inside a phantom . 82
E.2.1 General . 82
E.2.2 Extrapolation functions . 82
E.2.3 Three steps for determination of spatial-peak SAR . 83
E.2.4 Validation of measurement methods using extrapolation . 83
E.2.5 Uncertainty . 86
Annex F (informative) Computational methods . 88
F.1 General . 88
F.2 Quasi-static finite element method . 88
F.3 Scalar potential finite difference method . 89
F.4 Impedance method . 90
F.5 Finite-difference time-domain method . 91
F.6 Hybrid technique of MoM and FDTD method . 91
F.7 Hybrid technique of FEM and SPFD method . 93
Annex G (informative) Averaging algorithms . 94
G.1 Current density averaging over an area . 94
G.1.1 General . 94
G.1.2 Calculation of the current density in a Cartesian voxel . 94
G.1.3 Calculation of the current density in a tetrahedron . 95
G.1.4 Calculation of J . 95
av
G.2 Internal E-field . 96
G.2.1 General . 96

G.2.2 E-field averaging in a cubical volume . 96
G.2.3 E-field averaging along an averaging distance . 97
G.2.4 Maximum local E-field . 99
Annex H (normative) Code verification and model validations . 100
H.1 Code verification . 100
H.1.1 General . 100
H.1.2 Quasi-static codes . 100
H.1.3 Quasi-static codes for the calculation of the incident magnetic field . 101
H.1.4 Averaging algorithms . 103
H.2 Model validation . 104
H.2.1 General . 104
H.2.2 Recommendations for the development of the computational model . 105
H.2.3 Determining the validity of the field source . 105
Annex I (informative) Use cases of magnetic field exposure assessment . 107
I.1 EV WPT – electric passenger car . 107
I.1.1 General . 107
I.1.2 Determination of user position . 107
I.1.3 Assessment procedures considering direct effects for WPT system for EV . 108
I.1.4 Assessment procedures for contact currents of WPT systems for EV . 114
I.2 Heavy duty vehicle EMF measurement procedure . 119
I.2.1 General . 119
I.2.2 Step 1 . 119
I.2.3 Step 2 . 121
I.2.4 Step 3 . 121
I.3 Remotely piloted aircraft . 122
I.3.1 General . 122
I.3.2 Assessment procedures of WPT system for RPA . 122
Annex J (informative) Examples of magnetic field exposure assessment . 126
J.1 General . 126
J.2 Assessment procedure of heavy-duty WPT EV system . 126
J.2.1 Outline of assessment procedure . 126
J.2.2 Test condition . 126
J.2.3 Test result 1 . 127
J.2.4 Test result 2 . 127
J.2.5 Test result 3 . 127
J.3 Remotely piloted aircraft . 127
J.3.1 General . 127
J.3.2 Description of WPT system for RPA . 128
J.3.3 Measurement of magnetic field around the WPT system for RPA . 128
J.3.4 Modelling for the WPT system for RPA . 129
J.3.5 Evaluation of incident field against basic restrictions . 129
J.3.6 Evaluation of current density, internal electric field, and SAR against
basic restrictions . 132
J.4 Combined method of measurement and computational analysis . 132
J.4.1 General . 132
J.4.2 Measurement of magnetic field . 132
J.4.3 Computational analyses of induced quantities . 133
J.4.4 Example of exposure assessment for WPT systems using combined
method . 133

– 6 – IEC/IEEE 63184:2025 © IEC/IEEE 2025
J.5 SAR measurement for WPT system . 137
Annex K (informative) Proximity detection sensor considerations for exposure
assessment . 139
K.1 General . 139
K.2 Phantom specification . 139
K.2.1 Phantom for the stationary living object detection . 139
K.2.2 Phantom for the proximity living object detection . 139
K.3 Procedures for determining proximity detection sensor triggering distance . 140
K.4 Testing areas . 140
K.5 Procedures for determining stationary living objects . 141
Bibliography . 143

Figure 1 – Flowchart for the assessment procedure . 20
Figure 2 – Flowchart for the assessment procedure considering direct effects . 21
Figure 3 – The gradient G is determined at the surface and normal to the surface, i.e.
n
in the direction of the axis shown . 26
Figure 4 – Coupling factors k of Formula (7) through Formula (11) as a function of the
normalized magnetic field gradient [13] . 29
Figure 5 – Two exposure situations for ungrounded and grounded metal objects . 30
Figure 6 – Flowchart for assessment procedures for contact currents . 31
Figure 7 – Human body equivalent circuit proposed in IEC 60990 [30] . 37
Figure 8 – Impedance frequency characteristics of adult male and equivalent circuits
proposed in IEC 60990 [30] and evaluated values [31], [32], [33], [34] . 37
Figure 9 – Example of contact current measurement equipment . 37
Figure A.1 – Comparison of the H-field with number of turns n at 1 cm from a circular
coil calculated with Biot-Savart and with the approximation of Formula (A.1) . 55
Figure B.1 – H-field and E-field generation setup for probe calibration . 60
Figure B.2 – H-field generation setup for dynamic range calibration . 62
Figure B.3 – E-field generation setup for frequency response calibration . 64
Figure B.4 – E-field generation setup for dynamic range calibration . 65
Figure B.5 – Illustration of the transmit antenna factor evaluation setup [51] . 71
Figure B.6 – Illustration of the sensitivity coefficients evaluation setup [51] . 71
Figure C.1 – Recommended test setups for measurement system verification and
validation . 74
Figure D.1 – Simulation model of large WPT system operating close to a) elliptical
phantom and b) human body model . 77
Figure D.2 – Different exposure conditions for human body model . 77
Figure D.3 – Calculated SAR for circular coils with a 50 cm diameter operating at 6 cm
from the elliptical phantom and heterogeneous human model . 78
Figure D.4 – Simulation model of small WPT system operating close to a) elliptical
phantom and b) human body model . 78
Figure D.5 – Calculated SAR for the small square coils with dimensions 10 cm × 10 cm
operating at 2 cm from the elliptical phantom and heterogeneous human model . 79
Figure D.6 – Layout of large WPT system for exposure condition of a) case A and b)
case C with respect to the elliptical phantom surface . 80

Figure D.7 – Calculated 10 g-averaged SAR versus the smaller axis of elliptical
phantom v normalized by coil outer diameter D for a) case A (f = 7,54 MHz) and b)
high
case C (f = 6,14 MHz, f = 7,18 MHz) . 80
low high
Figure D.8 – Layout of small WPT system for exposure conditions of case C with
respect to a) elliptical phantom and b) rectangular phantom . 81
Figure D.9 – Calculated 10 g-averaged SAR versus the smaller axis v or width W
normalized by square coil diagonal K for a) elliptical phantom (f = 6,6 MHz,
low
f = 7,64 MHz) and b) rectangular phantom (f = 6,59 MHz) . 81
high low
Figure E.1 – Schematic diagram of measurement system . 84
Figure E.2 – Measurement system . 85
Figure E.3 – Measured and simulated electric field distributions in the measurement
plane 25 mm away from the phantom boundary with solenoid-type WPT system
positioned parallel to the phantom wall . 85
Figure E.4 – Measured and simulated electric field distributions in the measurement
plane 25 mm away from the phantom boundary with flat-spiral-type WPT system
positioned parallel to the phantom wall . 86
Figure E.5 – 10 g averaged SAR obtained by measurement, and extrapolation and
MoM-derived 10 g averaged SAR . 86
Figure G.1 – Field components on voxel edges . 95
Figure H.1 – Coordinate system and angles . 102
Figure I.1 – Example for regions of protection, for ground mounted systems
(vehicle) [78] . 107
Figure I.2 – Example for regions of protection, for ground mounted systems (using
vehicle mimic plate) . 108
Figure I.3 – Flowchart for EV and vehicle mimic plate assessment (direct effect) . 109
Figure I.4 – Region 2 measurement positions (WPT) . 110
Figure I.5 – Region 3 measurement positions . 111
Figure I.6 – Region 2 measurement positions of vehicle mimic plate (WPT) . 112
Figure I.7 – Region 3 measurement positions of vehicle mimic plate (WPT) . 113
Figure I.8 – Flowchart for EV use and vehicle mimic plate assessment (contact
currents) . 114
Figure I.9 – Configuration example of contact current with grounded condition: (1) with
vehicle . 116
Figure I.10 – Configuration example of contact current with grounded condition:
(2) with vehicle mimic plate . 116
Figure I.11 – Configuration example of contact current with ungrounded condition:
(1) with vehicle . 118
Figure I.12 – Configuration example of contact current with ungrounded condition:
(2) with vehicle mimic plate . 119
Figure I.13 – EMF measurement for heavy duty vehicle: top view . 120
Figure I.14 – EMF measurement for heavy duty vehicle: side view . 120
Figure I.15 – Measurement points on the inside floor of WPT bus . 121
Figure I.16 – Measurement position . 123
Figure J.1 – EMF test of an electric bus (2015 August 7, Sejong City) . 126
Figure J.2 – Test result 1 from side-view . 127
Figure J.3 – Geometry and measurement position of WPT system for RPA . 128

– 8 – IEC/IEEE 63184:2025 © IEC/IEEE 2025
Figure J.4 – Measured magnetic field strength . 129
Figure J.5 – Measured and computed magnetic field strength . 129
Figure J.6 – Measurement system for the magnetic near-field of WPT systems [83] . 133
Figure J.7 – Schematic view and picture of the fabricated magnetic-field probes [83] . 133
Figure J.8 – Schematic view (left) and picture (right) of WPT systems [83] . 135
Figure J.9 – Exposure conditions for WPT coils [83] . 135
Figure J.10 – Amplitude and phase distributions of magnetic fields measured near
WPT systems without (w/o) and with (w/) ferrite tiles [83] . 136
Figure J.11 – Distribution of the internal electric field strength with adult male model
for an input power of 7,7 kW [83] . 137
Figure J.12 – WPT system operating at 6,78 MHz . 138
Figure J.13 – SAR distribution on a plane at 25 mm from the bottom of the phantom . 138
Figure K.1 – Test side consideration drawing . 141
Figure K.2 – Positioning of the phantom and the DUT WPT for determining the
detection sensor triggering distance, an example of charging an electric vehicle with a
WPT system . 141

Table 1 – List of symbols used in the formulas of 5.2.4.2 and 5.2.4.3 . 24
Table 2 – Dielectric properties of the tissue-equivalent medium liquid . 35
Table 3 – Dielectric properties of the tissue-equivalent medium NaCl solution of
0,074 mol/L . 35
Table 4 – Computational methods . 39
Table 5 – Example of uncertainty evaluation of the the E-field and H-field exposure
assessment using measurement methods . 43
Table 6 – Example of uncertainty evaluation of computational methods . 47
Table 7 – Example of uncertainty evaluation of the exposure assessment combining
measurements and computational methods . 51
Table B.1 – EM field generation setups for probe and sensor calibrations . 58
Table B.2 – Main components of H-field and E-field generation setups for frequency

response calibration . 60
Table B.3 – Template for uncertainty in frequency response calibration . 61
Table B.4 – Main components of H-field generation setup for dynamic range calibration . 62
Table B.5 – Template for uncertainty in H-field dynamic range calibration . 62
Table B.6 – Main components of E-field generation setup for frequency response
calibration. 64
Table B.7 – Template for uncertainty in E-field frequency response calibration . 64
Table B.8 – Main components of E-field generation setup for dynamic range calibration . 65
Table B.9 – Template for the uncertainty of the E-field dynamic range . 66
Table B.10 – Template for uncertainty of the H-field gradient verification . 68
Table B.11 – Uncertainty template for evaluation of average internal electric field
produced by short dipole antenna via transmit antenna factor . 72
Table E.1 – Measurement uncertainty of 10 g averaged SAR . 87
Table H.1 – Interpolation and superposition of vector field components for loop
currents I and phase offsets ξ . 103

Table J.1 – Computed coupling factor k . 130
L
Table J.2 – Evaluation results using coupling factor k . 130
L
Table J.3 – Evaluation results using coupling factor k . 131
G
Table J.4 – Computational results of current density (J), internal electric field (E), and
spatial peak 10 g average SAR (SAR ) . 132
10 g
– 10 – IEC/IEEE 63184:2025 © IEC/IEEE 2025
ASSESSMENT METHODS OF THE HUMAN EXPOSURE TO ELECTRIC AND
MAGNETIC FIELDS FROM WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER SYSTEMS –
MODELS, INSTRUMENTATION, MEASUREMENT AND
COMPUTATIONAL METHODS AND PROCEDURES
(FREQUENCY RANGE OF 3 kHz TO 30 MHz)

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