IEC 60456:2010
(Main)Clothes washing machines for household use - Methods for measuring the performance
Clothes washing machines for household use - Methods for measuring the performance
IEC 60456:2010 specifies methods for measuring the performance of clothes washing machines for household use, with or without heating devices utilising cold and/or hot water supply. It also deals with appliances for water extraction by centrifugal force (spin extractors) and is applicable to appliances for both washing and drying textiles (washer-dryers) with respect to their washing related functions. This International Standard also covers washing machines which specify the use of no detergent for normal use. This edition includes the following significant changes from the previous edition.
- modified test load mass requirement for cases where rated capacity of test machine is not declared;
- introduction of soft water option;
- expanded stain/soil set;
- improved method of loading and folding test load items to better suit vertical axis, horizontal axis and twin tub systems;
- revised and amended reference machine specifications reflecting full qualification on new Electrolux Wascator CLS;
- new reference programmes for lower temperature and vertical axis systems;
- refined rinsing efficiency method;
- introduction of low power modes "OFF" and "Left On";
- new annex regarding uncertanity of measurements.
Machines à laver le linge pour usage domestique - Méthodes de mesure de l'aptitude à la fonction
L'IEC 60456:2010 spécifie les méthodes de mesure de l'aptitude à la fonction des machines à laver le linge à usage domestique, avec ou sans dispositif de chauffage et alimentées en eau froide et/ou en eau chaude. Elle traite également des appareils à essorer le linge par la force centrifuge (essoreuses centrifuges). De même, elle est applicable aux appareils destinés à laver et sécher le linge (machines lavantes-séchantes) pour ce qui concerne leurs fonctions relatives au lavage. La présente Norme internationale couvre également les machines à laver spécifiées comme n'utilisant pas de détergent en utilisation normale. L'aptitude à la fonction des sèche-linge est évaluée selon l'IEC 61121. L'objet de la présente norme est d'établir et de définir les caractéristiques principales d'aptitude à la fonction des machines à laver électriques à usage domestique et de décrire les méthodes d'essai et de mesure de ces caractéristiques. La présente Norme internationale s'applique également aux machines à laver à usage collectif dans les immeubles ou les laveries automatiques. Elle ne s'applique pas aux machines à laver des blanchisseries. La présente Norme internationale n'est pas destinée à être utilisée dans le cadre d'une évaluation comparative de détergents. La présente Norme internationale ne spécifie pas les exigences relatives au bruit applicables aux machines à laver. Les mesures de bruit sont spécifiées dans l'IEC 60704-1 et l'IEC 60704-2-4. La présente Norme internationale ne spécifie pas les exigences de sécurité applicables aux machines à laver. Les exigences de sécurité sont spécifiées dans l'IEC 60335-2-7. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente.
- modification de l'exigence de masse de la charge d'essai dans le cas où la capacité assignée de la machine d'essai n'est pas déclarée. La détermination de la masse de la charge d'essai dans le cas où la capacité assignée n'est pas déclarée a été modifiée afin de supprimer l'ambiguïté de l'édition 4 et d'encourager cette déclaration.
- introduction d'une option d'eau douce.
- extension des salissures employées (pour l'évaluation de l'aptitude au lavage).
- amélioration de la méthode de chargement et de pliage des articles de charge d'essai pour une meilleure adaptation aux machines à axe vertical, à axe horizontal et à double cuve.
- révision et amendement des spécifications de la machine de référence reflétant toutes les qualifications de la nouvelle Electrolux Wascator CLS.
- nouveaux programmes de référence pour les systèmes à axe vertical et basses températures. Nouvelle annexe informative comparant les programmes de référence aux programmes domestiques types.
- affinage de la méthode d'efficacité du rinçage.
- introduction de modes "arrêt" et "marche" basse puissance (pour l'évaluation de la consommation d'énergie).
- nouvelle annexe relative à l'incertitude des mesures.
General Information
Standards Content (sample)
IEC 60456
Edition 5.0 2010-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Clothes washing machines for household use – Methods for measuring the
performance
Machines à laver le linge pour usage domestique — Méthodes de mesure de
l'aptitude à la fonction
IEC 60456:2010-02(en-fr)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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IEC 60456
Edition 5.0 2010-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Clothes washing machines for household use – Methods for measuring the
performance
Machines à laver le linge pour usage domestique — Méthodes de mesure de
l'aptitude à la fonction
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 97.060 ISBN 978-2-8322-6206-1
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
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® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical CommissionMarque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – IEC 60456:2010 IEC:2010
CONTENTS
FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 7
1 Scope ............................................................................................................................... 9
2 Normative references ....................................................................................................... 9
3 Terms, definitions and symbols ...................................................................................... 10
3.1 Terms and definitions ............................................................................................ 10
3.2 Symbols ................................................................................................................ 13
3.2.1 Symbols relating to Subclause 9.2 – washing performance ........................ 13
3.2.2 Symbols relating to Sublause 9.3 – water extraction (spinning) .................. 14
3.2.3 Symbols relating to Subclause 9.4 – rinsing performance .......................... 14
3.2.4 Symbols relating to Subclause 9.5 – energy, water and time ..................... 14
3.2.5 Symbols relating to Clause 10 – wool shrinkage ........................................ 14
3.2.6 Symbols relating to Annex G ..................................................................... 15
3.2.7 Symbols relating to Annex I ....................................................................... 15
3.2.8 Symbols relating to Annex L ...................................................................... 15
4 Requirements ................................................................................................................. 15
4.1 General ................................................................................................................. 15
4.2 Rated capacity ...................................................................................................... 16
4.3 Dimensions ........................................................................................................... 16
5 Test conditions, materials, equipment and instrumentation ............................................. 17
5.1 General ................................................................................................................. 17
5.2 Ambient conditions ................................................................................................ 17
5.2.1 Electricity supply ....................................................................................... 17
5.2.2 Water supply ............................................................................................. 17
5.2.3 Ambient temperature and humidity ............................................................ 18
5.3 Test materials ....................................................................................................... 19
5.3.1 General ..................................................................................................... 19
5.3.2 Base loads ................................................................................................ 19
5.3.3 Stain test strips ......................................................................................... 19
5.3.4 Wool shrinkage specimens ........................................................................ 20
5.3.5 Detergents ................................................................................................. 20
5.4 Equipment ............................................................................................................. 20
5.4.1 General ..................................................................................................... 20
5.4.2 Reference machine .................................................................................... 21
5.4.3 Spectrophotometer .................................................................................... 21
5.4.4 Equipment for conditioning the base load .................................................. 22
5.4.5 Standard extractor ..................................................................................... 22
5.4.6 Iron for preparation of stain test strips after washing ................................. 23
5.4.7 Titration equipment .................................................................................... 23
5.4.8 Other equipment ........................................................................................ 23
5.5 Instrumentation and accuracy ................................................................................ 24
5.5.1 General ..................................................................................................... 24
5.5.2 Instruments ............................................................................................... 24
5.5.3 Measurements ........................................................................................... 25
6 Preparation for testing .................................................................................................... 25
6.1 General ................................................................................................................. 25
6.2 Test washing machine and reference machine preparation .................................... 25
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6.2.1 Test washing machine ............................................................................... 25
6.2.2 Reference machine .................................................................................... 26
6.3 Detergent .............................................................................................................. 26
6.3.1 General ..................................................................................................... 26
6.3.2 Detergent dose .......................................................................................... 27
6.3.3 Mixing detergent ........................................................................................ 27
6.3.4 Detergent placement ................................................................................. 27
6.4 Test loads ............................................................................................................. 28
6.4.1 General ..................................................................................................... 28
6.4.2 Pre-treatment of new base load items prior to use ..................................... 30
6.4.3 Requirements regarding the age of base load items .................................. 30
6.4.4 Normalization of base load items before a new test series ......................... 31
6.4.5 Conditioning of base load items before a new test series ........................... 32
6.4.6 Test load composition ................................................................................ 33
6.4.7 Addition of stain test strips or wool shrinkage specimens to the baseload ........................................................................................................... 36
7 Performance measurements – general requirements ...................................................... 37
8 Tests for performance .................................................................................................... 38
8.1 General ................................................................................................................. 38
8.2 Test procedure for performance tests .................................................................... 38
8.2.1 Test conditions, materials and preparation for testing ................................ 38
8.2.2 Test load and loading ................................................................................ 39
8.2.3 Programme ................................................................................................ 39
8.2.4 Test procedure .......................................................................................... 39
8.2.5 Test series ................................................................................................ 40
8.3 Measurements to determine washing performance ................................................ 41
8.3.1 General ..................................................................................................... 41
8.3.2 Removal and drying of stain test strips ...................................................... 42
8.3.3 Assessment of stain test strips .................................................................. 42
8.4 Measurements to determine water extraction performance .................................... 43
8.4.1 General ..................................................................................................... 43
8.4.2 Washing machines .................................................................................... 43
8.4.3 Spin extractors .......................................................................................... 43
8.5 Measurements to determine rinsing performance .................................................. 43
8.5.1 General ..................................................................................................... 43
8.5.2 Spin extraction and sampling ..................................................................... 44
8.5.3 Alkalinity measurements ............................................................................ 45
8.6 Measurements to determine water and energy consumption and programmetime ....................................................................................................................... 46
8.6.1 General ..................................................................................................... 46
8.6.2 Procedure .................................................................................................. 46
9 Assessment of performance ........................................................................................... 46
9.1 General ................................................................................................................. 46
9.2 Evaluation of washing performance ....................................................................... 47
9.3 Evaluation of water extraction performance ........................................................... 49
9.4 Evaluation of rinsing performance ......................................................................... 49
9.4.1 General ..................................................................................................... 49
9.4.2 Calculations............................................................................................... 49
9.4.3 Evaluation ................................................................................................. 50
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9.5 Evaluation of water and energy consumption and programme time ........................ 51
9.5.1 General ..................................................................................................... 51
9.5.2 Water volumes .......................................................................................... 51
9.5.3 Programme time ........................................................................................ 51
9.5.4 Energy consumption .................................................................................. 51
10 Shrinkage during the wool wash programme ................................................................... 52
10.1 General ................................................................................................................. 52
10.2 Overview ............................................................................................................... 52
10.2.1 General ..................................................................................................... 52
10.2.2 Determination of reference shrinkage ........................................................ 53
10.3 Procedure ............................................................................................................. 53
10.3.1 Preparation of wool shrinkage specimens .................................................. 53
10.3.2 Wool programme test ................................................................................ 55
10.3.3 Evaluation ................................................................................................. 56
11 Data to be reported ........................................................................................................ 57
Annex A (normative) Specification of stain test strips with standardized soiling .................... 58
Annex B (normative) Reference detergent A* ....................................................................... 62
Annex C (normative) Specifications for base loads .............................................................. 64
Annex D (normative) Reference machine specification ......................................................... 67
Annex E (normative) Reference machine programme definitions .......................................... 72
Annex F (informative) Reference programmes and examples of comparable washingmachine programmes ........................................................................................................... 75
Annex G (normative) The bone-dry method of conditioning .................................................. 76
Annex H (normative) Folding and loading the test load ........................................................ 78
Annex I (normative) Calculation of weighted average age of the cotton base load ................ 95
Annex J (normative) Loading a large standard extractor (rinsing performance) .................... 97
Annex K (informative) Laboratory internal testing guide ..................................................... 101
Annex L (normative) Measurement of energy consumption in low power modes ofwashing machines .............................................................................................................. 106
Annex M (normative) Testing procedure for manual washing machines .............................. 109
Annex N (normative) Procedure to determine test load size where rated capacity is
not declared ........................................................................................................................ 111
Annex O (informative) Additional evaluation of washing performance ................................. 113
Annex P (informative) Testing deviations to reduce costs and their limitations ................... 118
Annex Q (informative) Uncertainty of measurements in IEC 60456 .................................... 124
Annex R (informative) Environmental aspects of washing machine use determined in
IEC 60456 .......................................................................................................................... 127
Annex S (normative) Test report – data to be reported ....................................................... 130
Annex T (normative) Wool shrinkage specimens ................................................................ 138
Annex U (informative) Sources of materials and supplies ................................................... 139
Bibliography ........................................................................................................................ 140
Figure 1 – Load item preparation prior to a test series .......................................................... 29
Figure 2 – Load composition and age requirements .............................................................. 30
Figure 3 – Attached test strip ................................................................................................ 37
Figure 4 – Test series: process and decisions for load mass and age ................................... 41
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Figure 5 – Positions for measuring soiled test pieces ............................................................ 42
Figure 6 – Wool shrinkage specimen, uncut .......................................................................... 53
Figure 7 – Wool shrinkage specimen, fraying the edges and V-cuts ...................................... 54
Figure 8 – Wool shrinkage specimen, marks ......................................................................... 54
Figure H.1 – Folding towel with a stain test strip attached ..................................................... 78
Figure H.2 – Folding towel without a stain test strip attached ................................................ 79
Figure H.3 – Folding pillowcases .......................................................................................... 79
Figure H.4 – Folding bed sheets ........................................................................................... 79
Figure H.5 – Folding pillowcases with a stain test strip attached ........................................... 80
Figure H.6 – Folding pillowcases without a stain test strip attached ...................................... 80
Figure H.7 – Folding shirts .................................................................................................... 81
Figure H.8 – Illustration of horizontal axis washing machine ................................................. 81
Figure H.9 – Illustration of vertical axis washing machine ..................................................... 82
Figure H.10 – Horizontal axis washing machine: placement of items in the drum .................. 83
Figure H.11 – Vertical axis washing machine: placement of items in the drum ...................... 83
Figure H.12 – Horizontal axis washing machine: illustration of alternating orientation ........... 85
Figure H.13 – Placement of 2 towels with strips in one layer for load sizes larger than
10 kg .................................................................................................................................... 87
Figure H.14 – Vertical axis washing machines, four quadrants (plan view) ............................ 90
Figure I.1 – Example for the exchange of load items for a 5 kg cotton load ........................... 96
Figure J.1 – Example of a large standard extractor ............................................................... 97
Figure J.2 – View from the top: loading the large standard extractor ..................................... 97
Figure J.3 – Areas for loading ............................................................................................... 98
Figure J.4 – Folding of items ................................................................................................. 98
Figure J.5 – 3 areas of loading ............................................................................................. 99
Figure J.6 – Outer circle ....................................................................................................... 99
Figure J.7 – Outer circle ....................................................................................................... 99
Figure J.8 – Middle circle .................................................................................................... 100
Figure J.9 – Inner circle ...................................................................................................... 100
Figure J.10 – Towels covering the load ............................................................................... 100
Table 1 – Detergent dose ...................................................................................................... 27
Table 2 – Number of items in the cotton test load for various test load masses ..................... 34
Table 3 – Number of items in the synthetics/blends test load for various test load
masses ................................................................................................................................. 35
Table 4 – Number of items in the wool programme test load for various test loadmasses ................................................................................................................................. 36
Table A.1 – Ratios and tolerances of standardized soils, Reference Machine CLS and
MP Lab ................................................................................................................................. 61
Table B.1 – Composition of the reference detergent A* ......................................................... 62
Table C.1 – Specification of the cotton base load items ........................................................ 64
Table C.2 – Specification of the synthetics/blends base load items ....................................... 65
Table D.1 – Description of the reference washing machine and method of use type 1 ........... 68
Table D.2 – Description of the reference washing machine and method of use type 2 ........... 70
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Table D.3 – Programmed volume for type 2 reference machine ............................................ 71
Table E.1 – Specification of reference washing programmes................................................. 73
Table E.2 – Tolerances given for some procedure parameters .............................................. 74
Table F.1 – Reference programmes and examples of comparable washing machineprogrammes.......................................................................................................................... 75
Table H.1 – Vertical axis washing machines, loading sequence example for asynthetics/blends load .......................................................................................................... 84
Table H.2 – Horizontal axis washing machines, loading sequence ........................................ 86
Table H.3 – Horizontal axis washing machine, loading example (5 kg) .................................. 88
Table H.4 – Vertical axis washing machines, small loads without sheets (1,0 kg to 2,5 kg) ... 90
Table H.5 – Vertical axis washing machines, medium loads with two sheets (3,0 kg to
7,0 kg) .................................................................................................................................. 91
Table H.6 – Vertical axis washing machines, large loads with three sheets (7,5 kg to
8,5 kg) .................................................................................................................................. 92
Table H.7 – Vertical axis washing machines, very large loads with four sheets (9,0 kg
to 10,0 kg) ............................................................................................................................ 93
Table H.8 – Vertical axis washing machine – loading example (5 kg) ..........
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