IEC 62006:2010
(Main)Hydraulic machines - Acceptance tests of small hydroelectric installations
Hydraulic machines - Acceptance tests of small hydroelectric installations
IEC 62006:2010 defines the test, the measuring methods and the contractual guarantee conditions for field acceptance tests of the generating machinery in small hydroelectric power installations. It applies to installations containing impulse or reaction turbines with unit power up to about 15 MW and reference diameter of about 3 m. The driven generator can be of synchronous or asynchronous type. This International Standard contains information about most of the tests required for acceptance of the hydraulic turbine such as safety approval tests, trial operating and reliability tests, as well for verification of cavitation, noise and vibration conditions, if required. This standard represents the typical methods used on smaller hydroelectric installations, and is divided into three classes as follows:
Class A: Default, normal test program (panel measurement), to determine the maximum output of the installation.
Class B: Recommended, extended test program, to determine the performance characteristics of the installation.
Class C: Optional, comprehensive test program, to determine the absolute efficiency of the installation.
All classes contain safety tests, trial operating tests, and reliability tests. This standard gives all necessary references for the contract in order to execute the test, evaluate, calculate and compare the result to the guarantee for all the classes A, B and C.
Machines hydrauliques - Essais de réception des petits aménagements hydroélectriques
La CEI 62006:2010 définit les essais, les méthodes de mesure et les conditions de garantie contractuelles relatifs aux essais de réception sur site des machines générant l'énergie dans les petits aménagements hydroélectriques. Elle s'applique aux installations comportant des turbines à impulsion ou à réaction d'une puissance allant jusqu'à 15 MW environ et d'un diamètre de référence de 3 m environ. Le générateur peut être de type synchrone ou asynchrone. La présente Norme internationale contient des informations relatives à la plupart des essais requis pour la réception des turbines hydrauliques tels que les essais pour approuver la sécurité, les essais de fonctionnement et de fiabilité, ainsi que les essais de vérification des conditions de cavitation, de bruit et de vibration, s'ils sont exigés. La présente norme présente les méthodes types utilisées pour les petits aménagements hydroélectriques, et se divise en trois classes, comme suit:
Classe A: Par défaut, programme d'essai normal (relevés sur le panneau de contrôle), pour déterminer la puissance maximale fournie par l'installation.
Classe B: Recommandé, programme d'essai étendu, pour déterminer les caractéristiques de l'aménagement en matière de performances.
Classe C: Optionnel, programme d'essai complet. Pour déterminer le rendement absolu de l'aménagement.
Toutes les classes comportent des essais de sécurité, des essais de fonctionnement et des essais de fiabilité. La présente norme fournit toutes les références nécessaires au contrat afin de réaliser l'essai, d'évaluer, de calculer et de comparer le résultat par rapport à la garantie pour toutes les classes: A, B et C.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 62006 ®
Edition 1.0 2010-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Hydraulic machines – Acceptance tests of small hydroelectric installations
Machines hydrauliques – Essais de réception des petits aménagements
hydroélectriques
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IEC 62006 ®
Edition 1.0 2010-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Hydraulic machines – Acceptance tests of small hydroelectric installations
Machines hydrauliques – Essais de réception des petits aménagements
hydroélectriques
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
XE
CODE PRIX
ICS 27.140 ISBN 978-2-88912-228-8
– 2 – 62006 © IEC:2010
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.7
1 Scope.9
2 Normative references .9
3 Terms, definitions and schematic layout .10
3.1 Terms and definitions .10
3.2 Schematic layout of a hydroelectric installation .10
4 Nature and extent of guarantees.11
4.1 Grouping of classes A, B, C.11
4.1.1 General .11
4.1.2 Contract conditions.13
4.2 Scope of performance guarantee.13
4.2.1 General .13
4.2.2 Class A: Maximum power output.13
4.2.3 Class B: Index test .13
4.2.4 Class C: Turbine efficiency .13
4.2.5 Interpretation of losses .13
4.3 Scope of tests .14
4.3.1 Safety tests .14
4.3.2 Trial run and reliability tests.14
4.3.3 Performance test .14
4.4 Aptitude.15
4.5 Warranty .15
5 Safety tests (commissioning) .16
5.1 Pre-start tests .16
5.2 Closing devices .16
5.2.1 General .16
5.2.2 Intake gate or valve .17
5.2.3 Turbine inlet valve .17
5.2.4 Guide vanes (Francis and Kaplan turbines) .17
5.2.5 Needle valve and deflector (Pelton and Turgo turbines).18
5.3 First run operation and control.19
5.4 Bearing run at rated speed .19
5.5 Emergency shutdown (no load) .20
5.6 Electrical protection.20
5.7 Overspeed test.21
5.8 Runaway test .21
5.9 Overpressure, emergency trip and load rejection tests .22
5.9.1 General conditions .22
5.9.2 Testing the guide vanes or needle valves .23
5.9.3 Testing the turbine inlet valve.23
5.9.4 Testing the pressure relief valve.23
5.9.5 Pressure rise .23
5.10 Measured quantities .25
5.10.1 Pressure.25
5.10.2 Speed.25
5.10.3 Control components.25
62006 © IEC:2010 – 3 –
6 Trial operating and reliability tests (commissioning).25
6.1 General .25
6.2 Temperature stability of rotating parts .25
6.2.1 General .25
6.2.2 Temperature guarantees .26
6.3 Speed controller system .26
6.3.1 General .26
6.3.2 Unit operating without regulation .26
6.3.3 Unit operating with a speed governor.27
6.3.4 Unit operating with a voltage governor.28
6.3.5 Unit operating with a controller .28
6.3.6 Measurements when testing the control system .28
6.4 Control of cam correlation .29
7 Performance guarantees and tests .29
7.1 General .29
7.2 Maximum generator (transformer) power output as a function of net head .30
7.2.1 Guarantee .30
7.2.2 Instrumentation.30
7.3 Index test .30
7.3.1 General .30
7.3.2 Index discharge measurement .31
7.3.3 Shape control .31
7.3.4 Index plant efficiency.32
7.3.5 Optimizing cam correlation .33
7.4 Turbine efficiency.33
7.4.1 Efficiency test by absolute discharge measurement.33
7.4.2 Efficiency test by thermodynamic method .34
7.5 Correcting the efficiency using the model curve.34
8 Computation of results and comparison to the guarantee.36
8.1 General .36
8.1.1 Site data.36
8.1.2 Measured values (readings) .36
8.1.3 Scale effect due to water temperature .37
8.1.4 Shifting of the plant characteristic.37
8.2 Power output .37
8.2.1 Plant power output measurement .37
8.2.2 Generator power output measurement.38
8.2.3 Turbine power output measurement.38
8.3 Relative turbine efficiency (index test) .38
8.3.1 General .38
8.3.2 Relative discharge.38
8.3.3 Guarantee of the shape of the plant characteristics .39
8.3.4 Relative index plant efficiency .40
8.4 Absolute turbine efficiency .40
8.4.1 General .40
8.4.2 Absolute discharge .40
8.4.3 Guarantee of the plant efficiency and comparison to the results .40
9 Error analysis .40
– 4 – 62006 © IEC:2010
9.1 General .40
9.2 Estimation of systematic (bias) uncertainties .41
9.2.1 General .41
9.2.2 Typical systematic uncertainties .41
9.2.3 Systematic uncertainty for turbines used to indicate discharge .42
9.3 Estimation of random (precision) uncertainties .42
9.3.1 Measurement at a single operation point .42
9.3.2 Measurement over a range of operating condition .44
9.4 Evaluation of the uncertainties .45
9.4.1 General .45
9.4.2 Head .45
9.4.3 Power output .47
9.4.4 Index test measurement .49
9.4.5 Efficiency test by absolute discharge measurement.51
9.4.6 Efficiency test by the thermodynamic method .51
10 Other guarantees .51
10.1 Cavitation.51
10.1.1 General .51
10.1.2 Measurement methods .52
10.1.3 Comparison with specified guarantees.52
10.2 Noise .53
10.2.1 General .53
10.2.2 Measurement methods .53
10.2.3 Comparison with specified guarantees.54
10.3 Vibration.54
10.3.1 General .54
10.3.2 Measurements and measurement methods.54
10.3.3 Comparison with specified guarantees.55
Annex A (normative) Terms, definitions, symbols and units.56
Annex B (normative) Head definition.64
Annex C (normative) Method of speed measurements .77
Annex D (normative) Power output measurement .78
Annex E (normative) Methods of discharge measurement.82
Annex F (informative) Plant condition .95
Annex G (informative) Commissioning .97
Annex H (informative) Performance test efficiency calculation .99
Annex I (informative) Cam correlation test . 106
Bibliography.109
Figure 1 – Schematic layout of a hydroelectric installation (water to wire system) .11
Figure 2 – Warranty period .16
Figure 3 – Vanes and blades servomotors force measurements (Kaplan on line) .17
Figure 4 – Evaluation of the guide vane (GV) closing characteristic .18
Figure 5 – Needle servomotor force .18
Figure 6 – Automatic start – Synchronization – No load test (Kaplan turbine).19
Figure 7 – Emergency shutdown from no load test (Kaplan turbine) .20
62006 © IEC:2010 – 5 –
Figure 8 – Runaway test (Kaplan turbine) .21
Figure 9 – Emergency shutdown due to an electrical fault.22
Figure 10 – Emergency shutdown due to a mechanical fault .23
Figure 11 – Emergency shutdown due to the governor failure .24
Figure 12 – Evaluation of the maximum overpressure .24
Figure 13 – Temperature stability, recording at no load up to stable conditions.26
Figure 14 – Speed governor check at no load .27
Figure 15 – Maximum power output: procedure to compare measured power output at
actual net head to the guarantee.30
Figure 16 – Comparison of the shape of the turbine characteristic to the guarantee.32
Figure 17 – Example of an optimized switch band for 1 and 2 turbine operation.33
Figure 18 – Efficiency test: procedure to compare guaranteed turbine efficiency to the
prototype measurement results, including the overall uncertainties .34
Figure 19 – Hill chart – Showing head loss examples with one and two units in
operation using the same penstock.35
Figure 20 – Shifting of the performance curves .37
Figure 21 – Variation of factor k and exponent x on turbine index efficiency.39
Figure 22 – Random uncertainties of a single operation point, example for penstock
pressure variation and fluctuation .43
Figure 23 – Detection of outlier errors: example to find out offset and reading errors
by plotting in linear and logarithmic form with the same data.44
Figure 24 – Example of scattered points with function of second order .44
Figure 25 – Scattered points smoothed by individual fitting on adjacent sections .45
Figure 26 – Overall uncertainty of head for free water level for low head turbines .46
Figure 27 – Overall uncertainty of head in a closed conduit .47
Figure 28 – Estimated overall uncertainties of the discharge by index measurement
versus full scale differential pressure .50
Figure 29 – Operation range and cavitation limits .52
Figure A.1 – Transient pressure fluctuation at the turbine high pressure reference
section, when a specified load is suddenly rejected .61
Figure A.2 – Transient pressure fluctuation at the turbine high pressure reference
section, when a specified load is suddenly accepted.62
Figure B.1 – High pressure reference and measuring sections.65
Figure B.2 – Measuring section at tail water.66
Figure B.3 – Measuring section at draft tube.66
Figure B.4 – Definition of measuring sections .67
Figure B.5 – Kaplan turbine with horizontal shaft .68
Figure B.6 – Kaplan turbine with vertical shaft .68
Figure B.7 – Francis open flume turbine with vertical shaft .69
Figure B.8 – Francis turbine with horizontal shaft.69
Figure B.9 – Francis turbine with vertical shaft, with stagnation probe .70
Figure B.10 – Francis turbine with horizontal shaft with pressure on suction side.70
Figure B.11 – Pelton turbine with horizontal shaft .71
Figure B.12 – Pelton turbine with vertical shaft .71
Figure B.13 – Turgo turbine with horizontal shaft .72
Figure B.14 – Turgo turbine with vertical shaft .72
– 6 – 62006 © IEC:2010
Figure B.15 – Crossflow turbine with horizontal shaft, with draft tube.73
Figure B.16 – Crossflow turbine with horizontal shaft, without draft tube .73
Figure B.17 – Specifications for static pressure taps.74
Figure B.18 – Example: discharge versus guide vane opening.76
Figure C.1 – Overspeed and runaway .77
Figure D.1 – Typical losses of a synchronous generator .79
Figure D.2 – Asynchronous generator: typical power factor and slip factor.80
Figure D.3 – Power measurement using the two wattmeter method.80
Figure D.4 – Power measurement using the three wattmeter method .81
Figure E.1 – Typical arrangements of acoustic transducers .84
Figure E.2 – Arrangement for pressure time method .85
Figure E.3 – Example of pressure-time diagram for a uniform conduit.86
Figure E.4 – Example of pressure-time diagram for a non-uniform conduit.86
Figure E.5 – Example of pressure-time diagram for a combination of uniform and non-
uniform conduits between several sections .87
Figure E.6 – Location of taps for differential pressure method of discharge
measurement.93
Figure E.7 – Location of taps for differential pressure measurement of discharge in a
bulb turbine .93
Figure E.8 – Location of taps for Winter-Kennedy method of discharge measurement
through a turbine equipped with a steel spiral case.94
Figure H.1 – Comparison of measured index efficiency with the guaranteed values .105
Figure I.1 – Index measurement to optimize the efficiency .107
Figure I.2 – Two dimensional cam correlation .108
Table 1 – Scope of classes A, B, and C .12
Table 2 – Maximum runaway speeds (n ) expressed as a percentage of rated speed.21
run
Table 3 – Performance test parameters .29
Table 4 – Index discharge measurement methods .31
Table 5 – Site data .36
Table 6 – Systematic uncertainties at full load .41
Table 7 – Systematic uncertainties of discharge versus turbine opening .42
Table 8 – Overall uncertainties of the shape of turbine characteristics with respect to
the guaranteed efficiency.49
Table 9 – Data used in Figure 28 .51
Table 10 – Limits for cavitation damage.53
Table A.1 – Density of water .62
Table E.1 – Selection of flow measurement method .82
Table E.2 – Evaluation of the penstock factor with estimation of the systematic
uncertainty.91
Table H.1 – Plant index efficiency guarantee .99
Table H.2 – Transformer data .100
Table H.3 – Data measurements (not all tests included) .101
Table H.4 – Calculation of results .102
62006 © IEC:2010 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
HYDRAULIC MACHINES – ACCEPTANCE TESTS
OF SMALL HYDROELECTRIC INSTALLATIONS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62006 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 4: Hydraulic
turbines.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
4/254/FDIS 4/257/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
– 8 – 62006 © IEC:2010
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
62006 © IEC:2010 – 9 –
HYDRAULIC MACHINES – ACCEPTANCE TESTS
OF SMALL HYDROELECTRIC INSTALLATIONS
1 Scope
This International Standard defines the test, the measuring methods and the contractual
guarantee conditions for field acceptance tests of the generating machinery in small
hydroelectric power installations. It applies to installations containing impulse or reaction
turbines with unit power up to about 15 MW and reference diameter of about 3 m. The driven
generator can be of synchronous or asynchronous type.
This International Standard contains information about most of the tests required for
acceptance of the hydraulic turbine such as safety approval tests, trial operating and reliability
tests, as well for verification of cavitation, noise and vibration conditions, if required.
This standard represents the typical methods used on smaller hydroelectric installations, and
is divided into three classes as follows (see Table 1 for more detail):
Class A Normal test program (panel measurement) Default
To determine the maximum power output of the
installation.
Class B Extended test program Recommended
To determine the performance characteristics of the
installation.
Class C Optional
Comprehensive test program
To determine the absolute efficiency of the installation.
NOTE All classes contain safety tests, trial operating tests, and reliability tests.
This standard gives all necessary references for the contract in order to execute the test,
evaluate, calculate and compare the result to the guarantee for all the classes A, B and C.
The manufacturer or consulting engineer is responsible for ensuring that standardized
connections are installed for performing these tests. This standard does not cover the
structural details of a hydroelectric installation or its component parts.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60041:1991, Field acceptance tests to determine the hydraulic performance of hydraulic
turbines, storage pumps and pump turbines
IEC 60193, Hydraulic turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines – Model acceptance tests
IEC 60308, Hydraulic turbines – Testing of control systems
IEC 60609 (all parts), Hydraulic turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines – Cavitation
pitting evaluation
IEC 60651, Specification for sound level meters
– 10 – 62006 © IEC:2010
IEC 61362, Guide to specification of hydraulic turbine control systems
ISO 1680 Acoustics – Test code for the measurement of airborne noise emitted by rotating
electrical machinery
ISO 1940-1:2003, Mechanical vibration – Balance quality requirements for rotors in a
constant (rigid) state – Part 1: Specification and verification of balance tolerances
ISO 3746, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound
pressure – Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane
ISO 4412 (all parts), Hydraulic fluid power – Test code for determination of airborne noise
levels
ISO 5168, Measurement of fluid flow – Procedures for the evaluation of uncertainties
ISO 7919-5, Mechanical vibration – Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on
rotating shafts – Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants
ISO 10816-3, Mechanical vibration – Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on
non-rotating parts – Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal
speeds between 120 r/min and 15 000 r/min when measured in situ
ANSI/IEEE 810, Hydraulic Turbine and Generator Integrally Forged Shaft Couplings and
Shaft Runout Tolerances
3 Terms, definitions and schematic layout
3.1 Terms and definitions
A complete list of terms and definitions is given in Annex A.
3.2 Schematic layout of a hydroelectric installation
In general, there are three connected hydraulic regimes in a hydroelectric installation as
shown in Figure 1 below. These are the upstream water passage, the turbine guarantee
domain, and the downstream water passage.
62006 © IEC:2010 – 11 –
Head water level
(HWL)
P
out
Transformer
U2
P
L,tf
Generator
U1
Exciter (P )
L,ex
electr./mech.
P
gen
P
L,gn
E- el
Auxiliary device (P )
L,ax
Sub system
P
L,ax
E-mech
Transmission (gear/belt)
P
L,tr
Turbine bearing
P
Tail water level
t
(TWL)
Turbine setting
level
Upstream
Discharge
water passage
Turbine
Turbine guarantee domain
Downstream
water passage
High pressure
reference section 1
Low pressure
Reference datum
reference section 2
NOTE The losses in the upstream and downstream water passage are not part of the turbine losses.
Nevertheless, they may influence the hydraulic conditions in the turbine guarantee domain and lower the efficiency
of the turbine. Only the energy losses in the turbine guarantee section are to be considered when measuring the
efficiency of a turbine. If it is not possible to measure the energy in the reference section 1 and 2, the measuring
section should be changed in agreement with all parties.
The definition of the reference section 1 and 2 and that of net head and specific energy for the most common small
turbines is given in Annex B.
Figure 1 – Schematic layout of a hydroelectric installation (water to wire system)
4 Nature and extent of guarantees
4.1 Grouping of classes A, B, C
4.1.1 General
The scope of the measurement classes for hydroelectric installations is shown in Table 1.
z
z
z
T
z
Hg (gross head)
z
– 12 – 62006 © IEC:2010
Table 1 – Scope of classes A, B, and C
Class A Normal (panel measurement) test program
Class B Extended test program
Class C Comprehensive test program
Measurement of class C B A Clause
Safety tests (commissioning) 5
Pre-start tests (dry test) yes yes yes 5.1
Closing devices (dry and wet tests) yes yes yes 5.2
First run operation and control (wet tests) yes yes yes 5.3
Bearing run at rated speed yes yes yes 5.4
Emergency shutdown (no load) yes yes yes 5.5
Electrical protection yes yes yes 5.6
Overspeed test yes yes yes 5.7
Runaway test no/opt no/opt no/opt 5.8
Overpressure, emergency trip and load rejection tests yes yes yes 5.9
Trial operating and reliability tests (commissioning) 6
Temperature stability of rotating parts yes yes yes 6.2
Speed controller system yes/opt yes/opt yes/opt 6.3
Control of cam correlation (double regulated turbines) yes yes yes 6.4
Performance guarantees and tests 7
a a
Maximum generator (transformer) power output yes 7.2
Index test 7.3
a
- Shape control yes – 7.3.3
a
- Index plant efficiency yes – 7.3.4
a a a
- Optimizing cam correlation 7.3.5
Turbine efficiency 7.4
- Absolute discharge measurement yes – – 7.4.1
- Thermodynamic method yes – – 7.4.2
Computation of results and comparison to the guarantee yes yes yes 8
Error analysis yes yes yes 9
Other guarantees 10
Cavitation yes/opt yes/opt yes/opt 10.1
Noise no/opt no/opt no/opt 10.2
Vibration no/opt no/opt no/opt 10.3
NOTE Definitions used in Table 1 are the following:
yes – may be required.
yes/opt(ional) – normally yes, but depends on the turbine type and site conditions.
no/opt(ional) – normally no, but depends on the turbine type and site conditions.
a
included in other tests.
– not required.
62006 © IEC:2010 – 13 –
4.1.2 Contract conditions
The contract specifies the guarantees, and includes the scope of the tests, and the
classification of measuring instruments. Safety tests shall always be included. The condition
of the plant, water quality, and setting levels shall all be specified (see Anne x F ) .
4.2 Scope of performance guarantee
4.2.1 General
All guarantees concern the hydraulic passage between reference section 1 and 2 (turbine
guarantee domain) and the corresponding net head. The guaranteed data required for each
class is given below:
4.2.2 Class A: Maximum power output
a) Maximum power output of the generator, including losses a) to
P = f (H)
d) of 4.2.5 gen, max
b) Maximum power output of the transformer, including losses a) to
P = f (H)
e) of 4.2.5 out, max
• Power output versus net head, see Figure 15
• Discharge versus turbine opening, see Figure B.18
• Electrical connection sheet, see A n nex D
4.2.3
...
Frequently Asked Questions
IEC 62006:2010 is a standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its full title is "Hydraulic machines - Acceptance tests of small hydroelectric installations". This standard covers: IEC 62006:2010 defines the test, the measuring methods and the contractual guarantee conditions for field acceptance tests of the generating machinery in small hydroelectric power installations. It applies to installations containing impulse or reaction turbines with unit power up to about 15 MW and reference diameter of about 3 m. The driven generator can be of synchronous or asynchronous type. This International Standard contains information about most of the tests required for acceptance of the hydraulic turbine such as safety approval tests, trial operating and reliability tests, as well for verification of cavitation, noise and vibration conditions, if required. This standard represents the typical methods used on smaller hydroelectric installations, and is divided into three classes as follows: Class A: Default, normal test program (panel measurement), to determine the maximum output of the installation. Class B: Recommended, extended test program, to determine the performance characteristics of the installation. Class C: Optional, comprehensive test program, to determine the absolute efficiency of the installation. All classes contain safety tests, trial operating tests, and reliability tests. This standard gives all necessary references for the contract in order to execute the test, evaluate, calculate and compare the result to the guarantee for all the classes A, B and C.
IEC 62006:2010 defines the test, the measuring methods and the contractual guarantee conditions for field acceptance tests of the generating machinery in small hydroelectric power installations. It applies to installations containing impulse or reaction turbines with unit power up to about 15 MW and reference diameter of about 3 m. The driven generator can be of synchronous or asynchronous type. This International Standard contains information about most of the tests required for acceptance of the hydraulic turbine such as safety approval tests, trial operating and reliability tests, as well for verification of cavitation, noise and vibration conditions, if required. This standard represents the typical methods used on smaller hydroelectric installations, and is divided into three classes as follows: Class A: Default, normal test program (panel measurement), to determine the maximum output of the installation. Class B: Recommended, extended test program, to determine the performance characteristics of the installation. Class C: Optional, comprehensive test program, to determine the absolute efficiency of the installation. All classes contain safety tests, trial operating tests, and reliability tests. This standard gives all necessary references for the contract in order to execute the test, evaluate, calculate and compare the result to the guarantee for all the classes A, B and C.
IEC 62006:2010 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 27.140 - Hydraulic energy engineering. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
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IEC 62006:2010は、小規模水力発電設備における発電機械の現場受入試験に関する国際標準規格です。この標準は、約15 MWの出力および直径約3 mのインパルスタービンまたは反応タービンを含む設備に適用され、同期式または非同期式の発電機が駆動されます。IEC 62006:2010の範囲は、承認試験、運転試験、信頼性試験など、水力タービンの受入れに必要なほとんどの試験に関する情報を提供することです。 この標準の強みは、すべてのクラス（A、B、C）において安全性試験、運転試験、信頼性試験が含まれている点です。クラスAは、デフォルトの標準試験プログラムであり、設置の最大出力を測定するためのパネル測定を含んでいます。クラスBは、推奨の拡張試験プログラムで、設置の性能特性を明らかにします。そしてクラスCは、選択的な包括的試験プログラムであり、設置の絶対効率を測定することを目指します。 さらに、この標準は試験の実施に必要な契約に関するすべての参照情報を提供しており、結果の評価、計算および保証比較が可能です。IEC 62006:2010は、小規模水力発電システムに対する典型的な試験方法を示しており、これにより、水力発電業界における信頼性の向上と安全性の確保に寄与しています。この標準の適用は、業界にとって非常に重要であり、実際の運用における効率性と性能を保証します。
La norme IEC 62006:2010 joue un rôle crucial dans le domaine des machines hydrauliques, en établissant des tests d'acceptation pour les petites installations hydroélectriques. Son champ d'application est clairement défini, se concentrant sur les installations comprenant des turbines à impulsion ou à réaction, avec une puissance unitaire allant jusqu'à environ 15 MW et un diamètre de référence d'environ 3 m. Cela en fait un document fondamental pour toutes les parties prenantes impliquées dans l'optimisation et l'acceptation de ces systèmes énergétiques renouvelables. L'une des principales forces de la norme réside dans son approche systématique pour évaluer la performance des turbines hydrauliques. En définissant des méthodes de mesure précises et des conditions de garantie contractuelles, elle assure une transparence et une confiance dans le processus d'acceptation. Les tests d'approbation de sécurité, les essais de fonctionnement et les tests de fiabilité sont systématiquement abordés, garantissant que chaque installation respecte des critères de sécurité et de performance rigoureux. De plus, la classification en trois classes (A, B et C) permet une flexibilité adaptée aux besoins des utilisateurs. La classe A offre un programme de test normal pour déterminer la sortie maximale de l'installation, tandis que la classe B fournit un programme étendu pour évaluer les caractéristiques de performance. Enfin, la classe C propose un programme complet visant à établir l'efficacité absolue de l'installation. Cette hiérarchisation des tests est essentielle pour répondre aux exigences variées des projets allant de l'évaluation de base à l'analyse approfondie des performances. La pertinence de la norme IEC 62006:2010 se fait également ressentir dans son aspect réglementaire. En fournissant des références nécessaires pour établir un contrat de test, la norme facilite le dialogue entre les partenaires commerciaux et contribue à la standardisation des pratiques dans l'industrie de l'hydroélectricité. Les informations sur la vérification de la cavitation, du bruit et des conditions de vibration sont des ajouts précieux qui renforcent sa valeur en tant que guide pour les tests d'acceptation. En résumé, la norme IEC 62006:2010 s'affirme comme un outil essentiel pour la validation des installations hydroélectriques de petite taille, englobant des méthodes d'évaluation éprouvées et des exigences contractuelles claires qui garantissent une mise en œuvre efficace et sécurisée de ces technologies renouvelables.
The IEC 62006:2010 standard is a comprehensive guideline that addresses the crucial aspects of acceptance tests for small hydroelectric installations. It is specifically tailored to installations utilizing impulse or reaction turbines, with a defined capacity of up to approximately 15 MW and a reference diameter of around 3 m. This standard encompasses a range of testing modalities that are essential for validating the performance and operational readiness of generating machinery within this niche. One of the key strengths of IEC 62006:2010 is its structured approach to testing, categorized into three distinct classes: Class A, Class B, and Class C. Each class is designed to meet varying depths of performance evaluation, from default measures for maximum output to comprehensive assessments of absolute efficiency. This systematic division allows for flexibility and adaptability, making it relevant to a wide array of hydroelectric projects, ensuring that installations can be tested according to their specific requirements and contractual obligations. The inclusion of various safety tests, trial operating tests, and reliability tests across all three classes further enhances the standard's robustness. These rigorous testing requirements provide assurance that the installations not only meet performance expectations but also adhere to safety regulations and operational reliability. The comprehensive nature of IEC 62006:2010 means it serves as an authoritative reference for stakeholders involved in the commissioning and operation of small hydroelectric power installations. Moreover, the standard outlines the necessary contractual references that facilitate the execution of tests, along with the methodologies for evaluating and comparing results against predefined guarantees. This aspect of IEC 62006:2010 underscores its significance in establishing clear expectations and accountability in the performance of hydroelectric installations. In summary, IEC 62006:2010 stands out as a vital resource in the field of small hydroelectric power systems, providing a standardized framework for acceptance testing that underscores safety, performance, and reliability. Its structured classification of testing programs, comprehensive methodologies, and contractual clarity make it especially relevant for professionals engaged in the design, implementation, and management of small hydroelectric installations.
Die Norm IEC 62006:2010 bietet eine umfassende Grundlage für die Durchführung von Abnahmetests an kleinen Wasserkraftanlagen. Sie legt Testmethoden sowie die Bedingungen für vertragliche Garantien fest und berücksichtigt dabei sowohl Impuls- als auch Reaktionsturbinen mit einer Leistung von bis zu etwa 15 MW und einem Referenzdurchmesser von etwa 3 m. Ein besonderes Merkmal dieser Norm ist ihre Fähigkeit, verschiedene Generatoren zu integrieren, einschließlich synchroner und asynchroner Typen. Die Stärken der IEC 62006:2010 liegen in ihrer detaillierten und klaren Struktur, die es Fachleuten ermöglicht, die notwendigen Tests systematisch durchzuführen. Die Unterteilung in drei Klassen – A, B und C – ermöglicht es, den Testumfang an die spezifischen Anforderungen der jeweiligen Installation anzupassen. Klasse A bietet ein Standard-Testprogramm, während Klasse B eine erweiterte Untersuchung der Leistungsmerkmale empfiehlt und Klasse C ein umfassendes Programm zur Bestimmung der absoluten Effizienz bereitstellt. Darüber hinaus umfasst die Norm alle erforderlichen Sicherheits- und Zuverlässigkeitstests sowie Tests zur Überprüfung von Kavitation, Geräusch- und Vibrationsbedingungen, was ihre Relevanz für die Sicherheitsstandards in der Wasserkraftnutzung unterstreicht. Die IEC 62006:2010 ist besonders relevant für Betreiber und Hersteller, da sie alle notwendigen Referenzen für die Vertragserfüllung bereitstellt und somit eine klare Grundlage zur Durchführung und Bewertung der Tests bietet. Insgesamt stellt die IEC 62006:2010 eine wesentliche Norm dar, die die Qualität und Zuverlässigkeit kleiner Wasserkraftanlagen sichert und somit einen wertvollen Beitrag zur Effizienz und Sicherheit im Bereich der erneuerbaren Energien leistet.
IEC 62006:2010 표준은 소규모 수력 발전 설치의 수력 기계 수용 시험에 대한 중요한 지침을 제공합니다. 이 표준은 약 15 MW의 단위 전력과 약 3m의 기준 직경을 가진 임펄스 또는 반응 터빈을 포함하는 설치에 적용됩니다. 또한, 동기식 또는 비동기식 유형의 발전기가 드라이브되는 경우에 대해서도 해당합니다. 이 국제 표준은 수력 터빈 수용을 위한 대부분의 시험을 포함하며, 안전 승인 시험, 시험 운영 및 신뢰성 시험과 함께 요구될 경우 공동 현상, 소음 및 진동 조건을 검증하는 방법에 대한 정보를 제공합니다. 이 표준의 강점 중 하나는 여러 테스트 클래스 제공으로, 설치의 최대 출력을 결정하는 기본적인 클래스 A부터 설치 성능 특성을 파악하는 권장 클래스 B, 그리고 설치의 절대 효율성을 평가하는 선택적 클래스 C까지 포함되어 있습니다. 이러한 체계적인 접근 방식은 각 설치의 필요에 따라 적절한 시험 프로그램을 선택할 수 있게 합니다. IEC 62006:2010은 안전 테스트, 시험 운영 테스트 및 신뢰성 테스트를 포함한 모든 클래스에 대해 계약을 실행하고 결과를 평가, 계산 및 비교하는 데 필요한 모든 정보를 제공합니다. 이러한 포괄적인 내용은 소규모 수력 발전 설치의 성능을 체계적으로 검증하고 보증 조건을 충족시키는 데 기여하며, 업계에서의 신뢰성을 높이는 데 중요한 역할을 합니다. 따라서 IEC 62006:2010은 소규모 수력 발전 설치에 있어 필수적인 표준으로, 수력 기계의 수용 시험의 구조와 체계성을 명확하게 제시하고 있어 관련 산업에 매우 중요한 참고 자료입니다.
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