IEC 63028:2017
(Main)Wireless power transfer - Airfuel Alliance resonant baseline system specification (BSS)
Wireless power transfer - Airfuel Alliance resonant baseline system specification (BSS)
IEC 63028:2017 defines technical requirements, behaviors and interfaces used for ensuring interoperability for flexibly coupled wireless power transfer (WPT) systems for AirFuel Resonant WPT. This document is based on AirFuel Wireless Power Transfer System Baseline System Specification (BSS) v1.3.
Transfert d'énergie sans fil - Spécification du système de référence (BSS) pour le système résonant d'AirFuel Alliance
L'IEC 63028:2017 définit les exigences techniques, les comportements ainsi que les interfaces utilisées pour assurer l'interopérabilité des systèmes de transfert d'énergie sans fil (WPT) à couplage flexible avec le système WPT résonant AirFuel. Ce document repose sur la Spécification du système de référence (BSS) du système de transfert d'énergie sans fil AirFuel v1.3.
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IEC 63028
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Wireless power transfer – Airfuel alliance resonant baseline system specification
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IEC 63028:2017-06(en)
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IEC 63028
®
Edition 1.0 2017-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Wireless power transfer – Airfuel alliance resonant baseline system specification
(BSS)
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.240.99; 33.160.99; 35.200 ISBN 978-2-8322-4429-6
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – IEC 63028:2017 IEC:2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7
INTRODUCTION . 9
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 10
3.1 Terms and definitions . 10
3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 13
3.2.1 Symbols . 13
3.2.2 Abbreviated terms . 17
4 System description . 17
5 Conformance and backwards compatibility . 18
6 Device types . 19
6.1 PTU classification . 19
6.2 PRU category . 20
7 Power transfer specifications . 20
7.1 System equivalent circuit and reference parameters . 20
7.2 General system requirements . 21
7.2.1 Operating frequency . 21
7.2.2 Z relationship to R . 21
TX_IN RECT
7.2.3 Power stability . 21
7.2.4 PTU co-location protection. 21
7.2.5 PRU self-protection (informative) . 21
7.3 Resonator requirements . 21
7.3.1 Resonator coupling efficiency (RCE) . 21
7.3.2 PTU resonator requirements . 22
7.3.3 PRU resonator requirements . 24
7.4 Load parameters . 25
7.4.1 Load parameters introduction . 25
7.4.2 Minimum load resistance . 26
7.4.3 Maximum allowable dynamic load . 26
7.4.4 Maximum load capacitance . 26
8 Power control specifications . 26
8.1 Control objectives . 26
8.2 PTU specifications . 26
8.2.1 PTU state . 26
8.2.2 General state requirements . 27
8.2.3 PTU power save state. 28
8.2.4 PTU Low Power state . 30
8.2.5 PTU Power Transfer state . 31
8.2.6 PTU Configuration state . 33
8.2.7 PTU Local Fault state . 34
8.2.8 PTU latching fault state . 34
8.2.9 PTU state transitions . 35
8.2.10 PTU Test Mode. 38
8.3 PRU specifications . 38
8.3.1 PRU general requirements . 38
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
IEC 63028:2017 IEC:2017 – 3 –
8.3.2 PRU state model . 41
8.3.3 Null state . 42
8.3.4 PRU boot . 42
8.3.5 PRU On state . 42
8.3.6 PRU System Error state . 43
8.3.7 PRU state transitions . 44
9 Signaling specifications . 45
9.1 Architecture and state diagrams . 45
9.1.1 Architecture . 45
9.1.2 Overall charge process . 46
9.2 Charge procedure and requirements . 48
9.2.1 Removing PRU from WPT network . 48
9.2.2 Power Sharing mode . 48
9.3 Bluetooth low energy requirements . 49
9.3.1 Bluetooth low energy requirements introduction . 49
9.3.2 Bluetooth low energy objectives . 49
9.3.3 PTU hardware requirement . 49
9.3.4 PRU hardware requirement . 49
9.3.5 Basic network structure . 49
9.3.6 RF requirements . 49
9.3.7 Timing and sequencing requirements . 50
9.3.8 Profile structure . 53
9.4 BLE profile definition . 53
9.4.1 GATT sub-procedure . 53
9.4.2 Configuration . 53
9.4.3 PRU requirements . 54
9.4.4 PTU requirements . 55
9.4.5 Connection establishment . 55
9.4.6 Security considerations . 57
9.4.7 Charge completion . 57
9.5 WPT service characteristics . 58
9.5.1 WPT service characteristics introduction. 58
9.5.2 PRU advertising payload . 58
9.5.3 WPT service . 60
9.5.4 PRU control . 62
9.5.5 PTU static parameter . 64
9.5.6 PRU static parameter characteristic . 69
9.5.7 PRU dynamic parameter characteristic . 72
9.5.8 PRU alert characteristic . 76
9.6 Cross connection algorithm . 78
9.6.1 Cross connection algorithm introduction . 78
9.6.2 Definitions . 78
9.6.3 Acceptance of advertisement . 78
9.6.4 Impedance shift sensing . 78
9.6.5 Reboot bit handling . 79
9.6.6 Time set handling . 79
9.7 Mode transition . 80
9.7.1 Mode transition introduction . 80
9.7.2 Mode transition procedure . 80
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
– 4 – IEC 63028:2017 IEC:2017
9.7.3 BLE reconnection procedure . 81
10 PTU resonators . 83
10.1 PTU resonators introduction . 83
10.2 Class n design template . 83
10.2.1 Class n design template introduction. 83
10.2.2 Table of specifications . 83
10.2.3 PTU resonator structure . 83
10.3 Approved PTU resonators . 83
Annex A (informative) Reference PRU for PTU acceptance testing . 84
A.1 Category 1 . 84
A.2 Category 2 . 84
A.3 Category 3 . 84
A.3.1 PRU design 3-1 . 84
A.3.2 Geometry. 84
A.4 Category 4 . 87
A.5 Category 5 . 87
Annex B (informative) Lost power . 88
B.1 Overview. 88
B.2 General . 88
B.3 Cross connection issues . 88
B.4 Handoff issues . 88
B.5 Power noise issues . 89
B.6 PTU lost power calculation . 89
B.6.1 Lost power detection threshold . 89
B.6.2 Lost power detection speed . 89
B.6.3 PTU lost power calculation . 89
B.6.4 PTU power transmission detection accuracy . 89
B.6.5 PRU lost power reports . 89
B.6.6 Accuracy of reported power . 90
B.6.7 Other PRU lost power reports . 90
Annex C (normative) User experience requirements . 91
C.1 General . 91
C.2 User indication . 91
C.2.1 PRU user indication . 91
C.2.2 PTU user indication . 91
Annex D (informative) RCE calculations . 92
D.1 RCE calculation (using S-parameters) . 92
D.2 RCE calculation (using Z-parameters) . 93
D.2.1 Series tuned case . 94
D.2.2 Other RCE calculations. 94
D.3 Conversion between S-parameters and Z-parameters . 94
Figure 1 – Wireless power transfer system . 18
Figure 2 – PTU-PRU resonator P . 19
TX_IN
Figure 3 – PTU-PRU resonator P . 20
RX_OUT
Figure 4 – Equivalent circuit and system parameters . 20
Figure 5 – PTU resonator-load considerations . 24
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
IEC 63028:2017 IEC:2017 – 5 –
Figure 6 – PTU state model . 27
Figure 7 – Beacon sequences . 29
Figure 8 – Load variation detection . 29
Figure 9 – Discovery . 30
Figure 10 – PTU I transition responses. 31
TX
Figure 11 – PRU state model . 41
Figure 12 – V operating regions . 42
RECT
Figure 13 – Basic architecture of WPT system . 45
Figure 14 – Basic state procedure (informative) . 47
Figure 15 – Registration period timeline example (informative) . 52
Figure 16 – PTU/PRU services/characteristics communication . 54
Figure 17 – PRU mode transition – Device Address field set to a non-zero value . 81
Figure 18 – PRU mode transition – Device Address field set to all zeros . 82
Figure A.1 – PRU design 3 block diagram . 84
Figure A.2 – Front view . 85
Figure A.3 – Back view . 85
Figure A.4 – Side view . 86
Figure A.5 – Front view, coil only . 86
Figure A.6 – Side view, coil only . 86
Table 1 – PTU classification. 19
Table 2 – PRU category . 20
Table 3 – Minimum RCE (percent and dB) between PRU and PTU. 22
Table 4 – Maximum load capacitance . 26
Table 5 – Time requirement to enter PTU Power Transfer state . 28
Table 6 – Sub-state of PTU Power Transfer . 32
Table 7 – PTU latching faults . 37
Table 8 – Example of accuracy of reported current . 41
Table 9 – PRU system errors . 45
Table 10 – RF budget (informative) . 50
Table 11 – Timing constraints . 52
Table 12 – BLE profile characteristics . 53
Table 13 – GATT sub-procedure . 53
Table 14 – PRU advertising payload . 58
Table 15 – Impedance shift bit . 60
Table 16 – WPT service UUID . 60
Table 17 – WPT service . 61
Table 18 – GAP service . 62
Table 19 – GATT service . 62
Table 20 – PRU Control Characteristic . 63
Table 21 – Detail: bit field for enables . 63
Table 22 – Detail: bit field for permission . 64
Table 23 – Detail: bit field for time set . 64
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – IEC 63028:2017 IEC:2017
Table 24 – PTU reporting static values to PRU . 65
Table 25 – Detail: bit field for optional fields validity . 65
Table 26 – PTU power . 66
Table 27 – Max source impedance . 67
Table 28 – Max load resistance . 68
Table 29 – AirFuel protocol revision field . 69
Table 30 – PTU number of devices . 69
Table 31 – PRU reporting static values to the PTU . 70
Table 32 – Detail: bit field for optional fields validity . 70
Table 33 – Detail: bit field for PRU information . 71
Table 34 – PRU dynamic parameter characteristic . 73
Table 35 – Detail: bit field for optional fields validity . 73
Table 36 – Detail: bit field for PRU alert . 75
Table 37 – Detail: bit field for PRU alert . 76
Table 38 – Test mode commands . 76
Table 39 – PRU alert fields . 77
Table 40 – Detail: bit field for PRU alert notification . 77
Table 41 – Mode transition . 78
Table A.1 – PRU table of specifications . 84
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
IEC 63028:2017 IEC:2017 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER – AIRFUEL ALLIANCE RESONANT
BASELINE SYSTEM SPECIFICATION (BSS)
FOREWORD
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...
IEC 63028
®
Edition 1.0 2017-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Wireless power transfer – AirFuel Alliance resonant baseline system specification
(BSS)
Transfert d'énergie sans fil – Spécification du système de référence (BSS) pour le
système résonant d'AirFuel Alliance
IEC 63028:2017-06(en-fr)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
Copyright © 2017 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
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International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
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latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
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IEC 63028
®
Edition 1.0 2017-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Wireless power transfer – AirFuel Alliance resonant baseline system specification
(BSS)
Transfert d'énergie sans fil – Spécification du système de référence (BSS) pour le
système résonant d'AirFuel Alliance
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.240.99; 33.160.99; 35.200 ISBN 978-2-8322-8732-3
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – IEC 63028:2017 IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7
INTRODUCTION . 9
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 10
3.1 Terms and definitions . 10
3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 13
3.2.1 Symbols . 13
3.2.2 Abbreviated terms . 17
4 System description . 17
5 Conformance and backwards compatibility . 18
6 Device types . 19
6.1 PTU classification . 19
6.2 PRU category . 20
7 Power transfer specifications . 21
7.1 System equivalent circuit and reference parameters . 21
7.2 General system requirements . 21
7.2.1 Operating frequency . 21
7.2.2 Z relationship to R . 21
TX_IN RECT
7.2.3 Power stability . 21
7.2.4 PTU co-location protection. 21
7.2.5 PRU self-protection (informative) . 21
7.3 Resonator requirements . 22
7.3.1 Resonator coupling efficiency (RCE) . 22
7.3.2 PTU resonator requirements . 22
7.3.3 PRU resonator requirements . 24
7.4 Load parameters . 26
7.4.1 Load parameters introduction . 26
7.4.2 Minimum load resistance . 26
7.4.3 Maximum allowable dynamic load . 26
7.4.4 Maximum load capacitance . 26
8 Power control specifications . 27
8.1 Control objectives . 27
8.2 PTU specifications . 27
8.2.1 PTU state . 27
8.2.2 General state requirements . 27
8.2.3 PTU power save state. 29
8.2.4 PTU Low Power state . 31
8.2.5 PTU Power Transfer state . 31
8.2.6 PTU Configuration state . 34
8.2.7 PTU Local Fault state . 35
8.2.8 PTU latching fault state . 35
8.2.9 PTU state transitions . 36
8.2.10 PTU Test Mode. 39
8.3 PRU specifications . 39
8.3.1 PRU general requirements . 39
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
IEC 63028:2017 IEC 2017 – 3 –
8.3.2 PRU state model . 42
8.3.3 Null state . 43
8.3.4 PRU boot . 43
8.3.5 PRU On state . 44
8.3.6 PRU System Error state . 44
8.3.7 PRU state transitions . 45
9 Signaling specifications . 46
9.1 Architecture and state diagrams . 46
9.1.1 Architecture . 46
9.1.2 Overall charge process . 47
9.2 Charge procedure and requirements . 49
9.2.1 Removing PRU from WPT network . 49
9.2.2 Power Sharing mode . 49
9.3 Bluetooth low energy requirements . 50
9.3.1 Bluetooth low energy requirements introduction . 50
9.3.2 Bluetooth low energy objectives . 50
9.3.3 PTU hardware requirement . 50
9.3.4 PRU hardware requirement . 50
9.3.5 Basic network structure . 50
9.3.6 RF requirements . 50
9.3.7 Timing and sequencing requirements . 51
9.3.8 Profile structure . 54
9.4 BLE profile definition . 54
9.4.1 GATT sub-procedure . 54
9.4.2 Configuration . 54
9.4.3 PRU requirements . 55
9.4.4 PTU requirements . 56
9.4.5 Connection establishment . 56
9.4.6 Security considerations . 58
9.4.7 Charge completion . 58
9.5 WPT service characteristics . 59
9.5.1 WPT service characteristics introduction. 59
9.5.2 PRU advertising payload . 59
9.5.3 WPT service . 61
9.5.4 PRU control . 63
9.5.5 PTU static parameter . 65
9.5.6 PRU static parameter characteristic . 70
9.5.7 PRU dynamic parameter characteristic . 73
9.5.8 PRU alert characteristic . 77
9.6 Cross connection algorithm . 79
9.6.1 Cross connection algorithm introduction . 79
9.6.2 Definitions . 79
9.6.3 Acceptance of advertisement . 79
9.6.4 Impedance shift sensing . 79
9.6.5 Reboot bit handling . 80
9.6.6 Time set handling . 80
9.7 Mode transition . 81
9.7.1 Mode transition introduction . 81
9.7.2 Mode transition procedure . 81
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
– 4 – IEC 63028:2017 IEC 2017
9.7.3 BLE reconnection procedure . 81
10 PTU resonators . 84
10.1 PTU resonators introduction . 84
10.2 Class n design template . 84
10.2.1 Class n design template introduction. 84
10.2.2 Table of specifications . 84
10.2.3 PTU resonator structure . 84
10.3 Approved PTU resonators . 84
Annex A (informative) Reference PRU for PTU acceptance testing . 85
A.1 Category 1 . 85
A.2 Category 2 . 85
A.3 Category 3 . 85
A.3.1 PRU design 3-1 . 85
A.3.2 Geometry. 85
A.4 Category 4 . 88
A.5 Category 5 . 88
Annex B (informative) Lost power . 89
B.1 Overview. 89
B.2 General . 89
B.3 Cross connection issues . 89
B.4 Handoff issues . 89
B.5 Power noise issues . 90
B.6 PTU lost power calculation . 90
B.6.1 Lost power detection threshold . 90
B.6.2 Lost power detection speed . 90
B.6.3 PTU lost power calculation . 90
B.6.4 PTU power transmission detection accuracy . 90
B.6.5 PRU lost power reports . 91
B.6.6 Accuracy of reported power . 91
B.6.7 Other PRU lost power reports . 91
Annex C (normative) User experience requirements . 92
C.1 General . 92
C.2 User indication . 92
C.2.1 PRU user indication . 92
C.2.2 PTU user indication . 92
Annex D (informative) RCE calculations . 93
D.1 RCE calculation (using S-parameters) . 93
D.2 RCE calculation (using Z-parameters) . 94
D.2.1 Series tuned case . 95
D.2.2 Other RCE calculations. 95
D.3 Conversion between S-parameters and Z-parameters . 95
Figure 1 – Wireless power transfer system . 18
Figure 2 – PTU-PRU resonator P . 19
TX_IN
Figure 3 – PTU-PRU resonator P . 20
RX_OUT
Figure 4 – Equivalent circuit and system parameters . 21
Figure 5 – PTU resonator-load considerations . 24
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
IEC 63028:2017 IEC 2017 – 5 –
Figure 6 – PTU state model . 27
Figure 7 – Beacon sequences . 29
Figure 8 – Load variation detection . 30
Figure 9 – Discovery . 31
Figure 10 – PTU I transition responses. 32
TX
Figure 11 – PRU state model . 42
Figure 12 – V operating regions . 43
RECT
Figure 13 – Basic architecture of WPT system . 47
Figure 14 – Basic state procedure (informative) . 48
Figure 15 – Registration period timeline example (informative) . 53
Figure 16 – PTU/PRU services/characteristics communication . 55
Figure 17 – PRU mode transition – Device Address field set to a non-zero value . 82
Figure 18 – PRU mode transition – Device Address field set to all zeros . 83
Figure A.1 – PRU design 3 block diagram . 85
Figure A.2 – Front view . 86
Figure A.3 – Back view . 86
Figure A.4 – Side view . 87
Figure A.5 – Front view, coil only . 87
Figure A.6 – Side view, coil only . 87
Table 1 – PTU classification. 20
Table 2 – PRU category . 20
Table 3 – Minimum RCE (percent and dB) between PRU and PTU. 22
Table 4 – Maximum load capacitance . 26
Table 5 – Time requirement to enter PTU Power Transfer state . 28
Table 6 – Sub-state of PTU Power Transfer . 32
Table 7 – PTU latching faults . 38
Table 8 – Example of accuracy of reported current . 42
Table 9 – PRU system errors . 46
Table 10 – RF budget (informative) . 51
Table 11 – Timing constraints . 53
Table 12 – BLE profile characteristics . 54
Table 13 – GATT sub-procedure . 54
Table 14 – PRU advertising payload . 59
Table 15 – Impedance shift bit . 61
Table 16 – WPT service UUID . 61
Table 17 – WPT service . 62
Table 18 – GAP service . 63
Table 19 – GATT service . 63
Table 20 – PRU Control Characteristic . 64
Table 21 – Detail: bit field for enables . 64
Table 22 – Detail: bit field for permission . 65
Table 23 – Detail: bit field for time set . 65
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – IEC 63028:2017 IEC 2017
Table 24 – PTU reporting static values to PRU . 66
Table 25 – Detail: bit field for optional fields validity . 66
Table 26 – PTU power . 67
Table 27 – Max source impedance . 68
Table 28 – Max load resistance . 69
Table 29 – AirFuel protocol revision field . 70
Table 30 – PTU number of devices . 70
Table 31 – PRU reporting static values to the PTU . 71
Table 32 – Detail: bit field for optional fields validity . 71
Table 33 – Detail: bit field for PRU information . 72
Table 34 – PRU dynamic parameter characteristic . 74
Table 35 – Detail: bit field for optional fields validity .
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