IEC 60695-11-20:2015
(Main)Fire hazard testing - Part 11-20: Test flames - 500 W flame test method
Fire hazard testing - Part 11-20: Test flames - 500 W flame test method
IEC 60695-11-20:2015 describes a test method consisting of two small-scale laboratory test procedures which is intended to compare the burning behaviour of different materials used in electrotechnical products. Vertically oriented bar specimens or horizontally oriented plate test specimens are exposed to a small flame ignition source with a nominal thermal power of 500 W. The test method uses two test specimen configurations to classify material performance. Rectangular bar-shaped test specimens are used to assess ignitability and burning behaviour, and square plate test specimens are used to assess the resistance of the test specimen to burn-through, as defined in 8.3.3. This test method only applies to materials that have been classified as V-0 or V-1 according to IEC 60695-11-10. This test method is only applicable to solid and cellular materials that have an apparent density of more than 250 kg/m3, determined in accordance with ISO 845. The method does not apply to materials that shrink away from the applied flame without igniting due to their thinness. The test method described provides classifications which may be used for quality assurance, the pre-selection of component materials of products, or to verify the required minimum flammability classification of materials used in end products. If used for pre-selection, then positive results shall be obtained at a test specimen thickness which equals the smallest thickness used in the product application. The results obtained provide some information about the behaviour of materials in service, but cannot by themselves assure safe performance in service. This second edition cancels and replaces the consolidated version of IEC 60695-11-20 published in 2003. This edition constitutes a technical revision. The main changes with respect to the first edition are as follows:
- The Part title has been modified to the singular - 500 W flame test method;
- Editorial changes have been made throughout the document for the purpose of aligning IEC 60695-11-10 with IEC 60695-11-20;
- The Introduction has been modified to clarify the description of the test method;
- The Scope has been modified for clarification;
- All occurrences of the term "fixture" have been deleted from the document;
- Preferred thickness values have been added to 7.2 and 7.3;
- 7.4.4: 'Thickness measurement' is now numbered 7.5 to which a new Table 1 - Thickness tolerances has been added;
- New Subclause 8.1.4 'Conditioning of the cotton pad' has been added;
- 8.2.3 clarifies the application of the test flame to distorted specimens;
- Explanatory notes have been added to Figures 5 and 6 and the Bibliography has been updated and references added. This basic safety publication is intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51. Key words: Test flames,Fire Hazard, Fire Test Method
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 60695-11-3:2012. The contents of the corrigendum of January 2016 have been included in this copy.
Essais relatifs aux risques du feu - Partie 11-20: Flammes d'essai - Méthode d'essai à la flamme de 500 W
L'IEC 60695-11-20:2015 décrit une méthode d'essai composée de deux procédures d'essai en laboratoire à petite échelle, ayant pour objet de comparer le comportement en combustion des différents matériaux utilisés dans les produits électrotechniques. Des éprouvettes barreaux orientées verticalement ou des éprouvettes d'essai plaques orientées horizontalement sont exposées à une faible source d'allumage à flamme d'une puissance thermique nominale de 500 W. La méthode d'essai utilise deux configurations d'éprouvette d'essai pour classifier les performances du matériau. Des éprouvettes d'essai en forme de barreaux rectangulaires sont utilisées pour évaluer l'allumabilité et le comportement en combustion, et des éprouvettes d'essai plaques carrées sont utilisées pour évaluer la résistance de l'éprouvette d'essai au transpercement, tel que défini en 8.3.3. Cette méthode d'essai s'applique uniquement aux matériaux qui ont été classés comme V-0 ou V-1, conformément à l'IEC 60695-11-10. Cette méthode d'essai s'applique uniquement aux matériaux solides et alvéolaires présentant une masse volumique apparente de plus de 250 kg/m3, déterminée conformément à l'ISO 845. La méthode ne s'applique pas aux matériaux qui se rétractent devant la flamme appliquée sans s'allumer en raison de leur finesse. La méthode d'essai décrite fournit les classifications qui peuvent être utilisées pour l'assurance qualité, la présélection des matériaux constitutifs des produits ou pour vérifier la classification d'inflammabilité minimale requise des matériaux utilisés dans les produits finaux. Si elle est utilisée pour la présélection, des résultats positifs doivent être obtenus à une épaisseur d'éprouvette d'essai égale à la plus petite épaisseur utilisée dans l'application du produit. Les résultats obtenus donnent des informations sur le comportement des matériaux en service, mais ne peuvent pas par eux-mêmes assurer la sécurité en service. Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la version consolidée de l'IEC 60695-11-20 publiée en 2003. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. Par rapport à la première édition, les changements majeurs sont les suivants:
- le titre de la partie a été modifié au singulier - Méthode d'essai à la flamme de 500 W;
- des modifications éditoriales ont été apportées tout au long du document afin d'aligner l'IEC 60695-11-10 sur l'IEC 60695-11-20;
- l'introduction a été modifiée afin de clarifier la description de la méthode d'essai;
- le domaine d'application a été modifié pour apporter des precisions;
- toutes les occurrences du terme "fixation" ont été supprimées du document;
- les valeurs d'épaisseur préférentielles ont été ajoutées à 7.2 et 7.3;
- 7.4.4: "Mesure de l'épaisseur" fait désormais l'objet du paragraphe 7.5, auquel un nouveau Tableau 1 - Tolérances d'épaisseur, a été ajouté;
- un nouveau paragraphe 8.1.4 "Conditionnement du coussin de coton" a été ajouté;
- le paragraphe 8.2.3 précise l'application de la flamme d'essai aux éprouvettes déformées;
- des notes explicatives ont été ajoutées aux Figures 5 et 6 et la Bibliographie a été mise à jour et des références ont été ajoutées;
Elle a le statut de norme horizontale conformément au IEC Guide 104 et au Guide ISO/IEC 51. Mots clés: flames d'essai, risque du feu, méthode d'essai au feu
Cette publication doit être lue conjointement avec la CEI 60695-11-3:2012. Le contenu du corrigendum de janvier 2016 a été pris en considération dans cet exemplaire.
General Information
Relations
Overview
IEC 60695-11-20:2015 is an international standard developed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) that specifies a 500 W flame test method for assessing the fire hazard properties of materials used in electrotechnical products. This method involves exposing vertically oriented bar specimens or horizontally oriented plate specimens of solid or cellular materials to a controlled small flame with a nominal thermal power of 500 watts. The test is designed to evaluate and compare the burning behavior and fire resistance of materials classified as V-0 or V-1 according to IEC 60695-11-10.
This standard is crucial for manufacturers and safety engineers aiming to ensure materials meet specified fire performance requirements and for the selection of suitable materials in product design. It also provides guidelines for quality assurance and verification of minimum flammability classifications.
Key Topics
Test Specimen Configurations:
- Bar specimens (rectangular, vertical orientation) assess ignitability and burning behavior.
- Plate specimens (square, horizontal orientation) assess resistance to burn-through.
Material Scope:
- Applicable to solid and cellular materials with apparent density > 250 kg/m³ (per ISO 845).
- Excludes materials that shrink away from the flame without ignition due to thinness.
- Only for materials previously classified as V-0 or V-1 under IEC 60695-11-10.
Test Procedure Highlights:
- Use of a small-scale laboratory flame with a nominal heat output of 500 W.
- Detailed specimen conditioning requirements, including thickness measurements and cotton pad conditioning.
- Precise flame application methods and observation criteria for ignitability and burning behavior.
- Classification of material performance based on burning characteristics observed during the test.
Updates in Second Edition (2015):
- Title update to singular form - "500 W flame test method."
- Editorial alignment with IEC 60695-11-10.
- Clarifications in introduction and scope.
- Addition of preferred specimen thickness values and measurement tolerances.
- Enhanced guidance on flame application, including handling of specimen deformation.
- Inclusion of conditioning protocols for cotton pads used in testing.
Applications
Material Selection and Pre-qualification:
IEC 60695-11-20 helps manufacturers pre-select materials for electrotechnical products based on their fire performance. Positive test results at the minimum product thickness indicate suitability for use.Quality Assurance:
Enables consistent, reproducible testing to verify ongoing compliance with fire hazard safety requirements.Product Safety Verification:
Ensures that components meet the minimum fire resistance specifications, reducing fire risk in end products used in electrical and electronic equipment.Research and Development:
Provides a standardized baseline method for assessing the impact of material formulations, additives, and reinforcements on flame resistance.Regulatory Compliance:
Supports conformance with international fire safety standards, assisting global market access for electrotechnical products.
Related Standards
IEC 60695-11-10: Specifies V-0 and V-1 classifications for material burn performance which are prerequisites for the 500 W flame test in IEC 60695-11-20.
IEC 60695-11-3:2012: Another test flame method providing complementary fire hazard assessment procedures; often read in conjunction with IEC 60695-11-20.
ISO 845: Defines the method for determining apparent density of cellular plastics, essential for confirming applicability of IEC 60695-11-20.
IEC Guide 104 & ISO/IEC Guide 51: Provide foundational safety principles guiding the preparation and application of the IEC 60695 series of fire hazard testing standards.
Keywords: IEC 60695-11-20, 500 W flame test, fire hazard testing, test flames, burning behavior, ignitability, material flammability classification, electrotechnical products, fire resistance testing, fire safety standards, IEC flame test method.
Frequently Asked Questions
IEC 60695-11-20:2015 is a standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its full title is "Fire hazard testing - Part 11-20: Test flames - 500 W flame test method". This standard covers: IEC 60695-11-20:2015 describes a test method consisting of two small-scale laboratory test procedures which is intended to compare the burning behaviour of different materials used in electrotechnical products. Vertically oriented bar specimens or horizontally oriented plate test specimens are exposed to a small flame ignition source with a nominal thermal power of 500 W. The test method uses two test specimen configurations to classify material performance. Rectangular bar-shaped test specimens are used to assess ignitability and burning behaviour, and square plate test specimens are used to assess the resistance of the test specimen to burn-through, as defined in 8.3.3. This test method only applies to materials that have been classified as V-0 or V-1 according to IEC 60695-11-10. This test method is only applicable to solid and cellular materials that have an apparent density of more than 250 kg/m3, determined in accordance with ISO 845. The method does not apply to materials that shrink away from the applied flame without igniting due to their thinness. The test method described provides classifications which may be used for quality assurance, the pre-selection of component materials of products, or to verify the required minimum flammability classification of materials used in end products. If used for pre-selection, then positive results shall be obtained at a test specimen thickness which equals the smallest thickness used in the product application. The results obtained provide some information about the behaviour of materials in service, but cannot by themselves assure safe performance in service. This second edition cancels and replaces the consolidated version of IEC 60695-11-20 published in 2003. This edition constitutes a technical revision. The main changes with respect to the first edition are as follows: - The Part title has been modified to the singular - 500 W flame test method; - Editorial changes have been made throughout the document for the purpose of aligning IEC 60695-11-10 with IEC 60695-11-20; - The Introduction has been modified to clarify the description of the test method; - The Scope has been modified for clarification; - All occurrences of the term "fixture" have been deleted from the document; - Preferred thickness values have been added to 7.2 and 7.3; - 7.4.4: 'Thickness measurement' is now numbered 7.5 to which a new Table 1 - Thickness tolerances has been added; - New Subclause 8.1.4 'Conditioning of the cotton pad' has been added; - 8.2.3 clarifies the application of the test flame to distorted specimens; - Explanatory notes have been added to Figures 5 and 6 and the Bibliography has been updated and references added. This basic safety publication is intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51. Key words: Test flames,Fire Hazard, Fire Test Method This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 60695-11-3:2012. The contents of the corrigendum of January 2016 have been included in this copy.
IEC 60695-11-20:2015 describes a test method consisting of two small-scale laboratory test procedures which is intended to compare the burning behaviour of different materials used in electrotechnical products. Vertically oriented bar specimens or horizontally oriented plate test specimens are exposed to a small flame ignition source with a nominal thermal power of 500 W. The test method uses two test specimen configurations to classify material performance. Rectangular bar-shaped test specimens are used to assess ignitability and burning behaviour, and square plate test specimens are used to assess the resistance of the test specimen to burn-through, as defined in 8.3.3. This test method only applies to materials that have been classified as V-0 or V-1 according to IEC 60695-11-10. This test method is only applicable to solid and cellular materials that have an apparent density of more than 250 kg/m3, determined in accordance with ISO 845. The method does not apply to materials that shrink away from the applied flame without igniting due to their thinness. The test method described provides classifications which may be used for quality assurance, the pre-selection of component materials of products, or to verify the required minimum flammability classification of materials used in end products. If used for pre-selection, then positive results shall be obtained at a test specimen thickness which equals the smallest thickness used in the product application. The results obtained provide some information about the behaviour of materials in service, but cannot by themselves assure safe performance in service. This second edition cancels and replaces the consolidated version of IEC 60695-11-20 published in 2003. This edition constitutes a technical revision. The main changes with respect to the first edition are as follows: - The Part title has been modified to the singular - 500 W flame test method; - Editorial changes have been made throughout the document for the purpose of aligning IEC 60695-11-10 with IEC 60695-11-20; - The Introduction has been modified to clarify the description of the test method; - The Scope has been modified for clarification; - All occurrences of the term "fixture" have been deleted from the document; - Preferred thickness values have been added to 7.2 and 7.3; - 7.4.4: 'Thickness measurement' is now numbered 7.5 to which a new Table 1 - Thickness tolerances has been added; - New Subclause 8.1.4 'Conditioning of the cotton pad' has been added; - 8.2.3 clarifies the application of the test flame to distorted specimens; - Explanatory notes have been added to Figures 5 and 6 and the Bibliography has been updated and references added. This basic safety publication is intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51. Key words: Test flames,Fire Hazard, Fire Test Method This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 60695-11-3:2012. The contents of the corrigendum of January 2016 have been included in this copy.
IEC 60695-11-20:2015 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products; 29.020 - Electrical engineering in general. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
IEC 60695-11-20:2015 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to IEC 60695-11-20:2015/COR1:2016, IEC 60695-11-20:1999, IEC 60695-11-20:1999/AMD1:2003, IEC 60695-11-20:1999/COR1:2000. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase IEC 60695-11-20:2015 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of IEC standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 60695-11-20 ®
Edition 2.0 2015-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
Fire hazard testing –
Part 11-20: Test flames – 500 W flame test method
Essais relatifs aux risques du feu –
Partie 11-20: Flammes d'essai – Méthode d'essai à la flamme de 500 W
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IEC 60695-11-20 ®
Edition 2.0 2015-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
Fire hazard testing –
Part 11-20: Test flames – 500 W flame test method
Essais relatifs aux risques du feu –
Partie 11-20: Flammes d'essai – Méthode d'essai à la flamme de 500 W
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 13.220.40; 29.020 ISBN 978-2-8322-2610-0
– 2 – IEC 60695-11-20:2015 © IEC 2015
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references. 8
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Principle . 12
5 Significance of the fire tests . 13
5.1 General . 13
5.2 Limitations on the use of test results . 13
5.3 Physical properties that can effect burning behaviour . 13
5.4 Shrinkage and distortion . 13
5.5 Effects of test specimen conditioning . 13
6 Apparatus . 13
6.1 Laboratory fumehood/chamber . 13
6.2 Laboratory burner . 14
6.3 Support stand . 14
6.4 Timing device . 14
6.5 Measuring scale . 14
6.6 Conditioning chamber. 14
6.7 Micrometer . 14
6.8 Desiccator chamber . 14
6.9 Air-circulating oven . 14
6.10 Cotton pads . 14
6.11 Burner mounting block . 15
7 Test specimens . 15
7.1 Test specimen preparation . 15
7.2 Bar test specimens . 15
7.3 Plate test specimens . 15
7.4 Testing materials – ranges in formulations . 15
7.4.1 General . 15
7.4.2 Density, melt flows and filler/reinforcement . 16
7.4.3 Colour (bar test specimens only) . 16
7.5 Thickness measurements . 16
8 Test procedure . 17
8.1 Conditioning . 17
8.1.1 General . 17
8.1.2 Conditioning of specimens in conditioning chamber (“As Received”) . 17
8.1.3 Conditioning of specimens in air-circulating oven . 17
8.1.4 Conditioning of the cotton pad . 17
8.1.5 Test conditions . 17
8.2 Test procedure – bar test specimens . 18
8.2.1 Test specimen setup . 18
8.2.2 Flame setup . 18
8.2.3 Flame application and observations . 18
8.2.4 Criteria for retest . 19
8.3 Test procedure – plate shaped test specimens . 19
8.3.1 Support stand . 19
8.3.2 Flame setup . 19
8.3.3 Flame application and observations . 19
8.3.4 Criteria for retest . 19
8.4 Classification . 20
8.5 Test report . 20
Annex A (normative) Detailed requirements for the flame application point . 26
A.1 Dynamic deformation. 26
A.2 J-shape or twisting deformation . 26
A.3 Curling deformation . 26
A.4 Severe deformation . 26
Bibliography . 31
Figure 1 – Vertical burning test for bar test specimen . 21
Figure 2 – Horizontal burning test for plates . 22
Figure 3 – Burner mounting block – Example . 22
Figure 4 – Test specimens . 23
Figure 5 – Examples of flame application . 24
Figure 6 – 5V specimen gauge (Example) . 25
Figure A.1 – Flame application points for a specimen which deforms dynamically . 27
Figure A.2 – Flame application point for twisted and J-shaped specimens . 28
Figure A.3 – Flame application point for a curled specimen . 29
Figure A.4 – Flame application point when there is severe deformation . 30
Table 1 – Thickness tolerances . 17
Table 2 – 5V burning classification . 20
– 4 – IEC 60695-11-20:2015 © IEC 2015
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FIRE HAZARD TESTING –
Part 11-20: Test flames –
500 W flame test method
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60695-11-20 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 89:
Fire hazard testing.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
89/1241/FDIS 89/1250/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 60695-11-20 published in
1999. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
The main changes with respect to the first edition are listed below:
– The Part title has been modified to the singular – 500 W flame test method.
– Editorial changes have been made throughout the document for the purpose of aligning
IEC 60695-11-10 with IEC 60695-11-20.
– The Introduction has been modified to clarify the description of the test method.
– The Scope has been modified for clarification.
– All occurrences of the term “fixture” have been deleted from the document.
– Preferred thickness values have been added to 7.2 and 7.3.
– 7.4.4: ‘Thickness measurement’ is now numbered 7.5 to which a new Table 1 – Thickness
tolerances has been added.
– New Subclause 8.1.4 ‘Conditioning of the cotton pad’ has been added.
– 8.2.3 clarifies the application of the test flame to distorted specimens
– Explanatory notes have been added to Figures 5 and 6.
– The Bibliography has been updated and references added.
It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104 and
ISO/IEC Guide 51.
This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 60695-11-3.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 60695 series, under the general title Fire hazard testing, can
be found on the IEC website.
Part 11 consists of the following parts:
Part 11-2: Test flames – 1 kW nominal pre-mixed flame – Apparatus, confirmatory test
arrangement and guidance
Part 11-3: Test flames – 500 W flames – Apparatus and confirmational test methods
Part 11-4: Test flames – 50 W flame – Apparatus and confirmational test method
Part 11-5: Test flames – Needle-flame test method – Apparatus, confirmatory test
arrangement and guidance
Part 11-10: Test flames – 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods
Part 11-11: Test flames – Determination of the characteristic heat flux for ignition from a
non-contacting flame source
Part 11-20: Test flames – 500 W flame test methods
Part 11-30: Test flames – History and development from 1979 to 1999
Part 11-40: Test flames – Confirmatory tests – Guidance
– 6 – IEC 60695-11-20:2015 © IEC 2015
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
The contents of the corrigendum of January 2016 have been included in this copy.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
INTRODUCTION
In the design of an electrotechnical product the risk of fire and the potential hazards
associated with fire need to be considered. In this respect the objective of component, circuit
and equipment design as well as the choice of materials is to reduce to a tolerable level of
risk of fire even in the event of reasonably foreseeable (mis)use, malfunction or failure. Fires
involving electrotechnical products can also be initiated from external non-electrical sources.
Considerations of this nature are dealt with in the overall fire hazard assessment.
The aim of the IEC 60695 series of standards is to save lives and property by reducing the
number of fires or reducing the consequences of the fire. This can be accomplished by:
– trying to prevent ignition caused by an electrically energised component part and, in the
event of ignition, to confine any resulting fire within the bounds of the enclosure of the
electrotechnical product.
– trying to minimise flame spread beyond the product’s enclosure and to minimise the
harmful effects of fire effluents including heat, smoke, and toxic or corrosive combustion
products.
This part of IEC 60695 describes a test method which consists of two small-scale fire test
procedures carried out on materials used in electrotechnical equipment. A 500 W test flame is
used as an ignition source. The test method described provides classifications which may be
used for quality assurance, the pre-selection of component materials of products, or to verify
the required minimum flammability classification of materials used in end products.
This test method should not be used to solely describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk
of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test
may be used as elements of a fire hazard assessment which takes into account all of the
factors which are pertinent to a particular end use.
This international standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. It
does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this international standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
– 8 – IEC 60695-11-20:2015 © IEC 2015
FIRE HAZARD TESTING –
Part 11-20: Test flames –
500 W flame test method
1 Scope
This part of IEC 60695 describes a test method consisting of two small-scale laboratory test
procedures which is intended to compare the burning behaviour of different materials used in
electrotechnical products. Vertically oriented bar specimens or horizontally oriented plate test
specimens are exposed to a small flame ignition source with a nominal thermal power of
500 W. The test method uses two test specimen configurations to classify material
performance. Rectangular bar-shaped test specimens are used to assess ignitability and
burning behaviour, and square plate test specimens are used to assess the resistance of the
test specimen to burn-through, as defined in 8.3.3. This test method only applies to materials
that have been classified as V-0 or V-1 according to IEC 60695-11-10.
This test method is only applicable to solid and cellular materials that have an apparent
density of more than 250 kg/m , determined in accordance with ISO 845. The method does
not apply to materials that shrink away from the applied flame without igniting due to their
thinness.
The test method described provides classifications which may be used for quality assurance,
the pre-selection of component materials of products, or to verify the required minimum
flammability classification of materials used in end products. If used for pre-selection, then
positive results shall be obtained at a test specimen thickness which equals the smallest
thickness used in the product application.
The results obtained provide some information about the behaviour of materials in service, but
cannot by themselves assure safe performance in service.
NOTE 1 Guidance on pre-selection is given in IEC 60695-1-30 [3] .
NOTE 2 Test results are influenced by material additives, e.g. pigments, fillers, and fire retardants, and properties
such as the direction of anisotropy and the molecular mass.
This basic safety publication is intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of
standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and
ISO/IEC Guide 51.
One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of
basic safety publications in the preparation of its publications. The requirements, test
methods or test conditions of this basic safety publication will not apply unless specifically
referred to or included in the relevant publications.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
________________
Numbers in square brackets refer to the bibliography.
IEC 60695-4:2012, Fire hazard testing – Part 4: Terminology concerning fire tests for
electrotechnical products
IEC 60695-11-3, Fire hazard testing – Part 11-3: Test flames – 500 W flames – Apparatus and
confirmational test methods
IEC 60695-11-10, Fire hazard testing – Part 11-10: Test flames – 50 W horizontal and vertical
flame test methods
IEC Guide 104, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications
and group safety publications
ISO/IEC Guide 51, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
ISO/IEC 13943:2008, Fire Safety – Vocabulary
ISO 291, Plastics – Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
ISO 293, Plastics – Compression moulding test specimens of thermoplastic materials
ISO 294:1996 (all parts), Plastics – Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic
materials
ISO 295, Plastics – Compression moulding of test specimens of thermosetting materials
ISO 845, Cellular plastics and rubbers – Determination of apparent density
ISO 16012, Plastics – Determination of linear dimensions of test specimens
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 13943:2008
and IEC 60695-4:2005, some of which are reproduced below for the user’s convenience, as
well as the following apply.
3.1
afterflame
flame that persists after the ignition source has been removed
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.6]
3.2
afterflame time
length of time for which an afterflame persists under specified test conditions
Note 1 to entry: Designated in this standard by the parameter t .
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.7]
3.3
afterglow
persistence of glowing combustion after both removal of the ignition source and the cessation
of any flaming combustion
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.8]
– 10 – IEC 60695-11-20:2015 © IEC 2015
3.4
afterglow time
length of time which an afterglow persists under specified test conditions
Note 1 to entry: Designated in this standard by the parameter t .
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.9]
3.5
As Received
test specimen state after a specified period of preconditioning at laboratory ambient
conditions
3.6
burn, intransitive verb
undergo combustion
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.28]
3.7
burning behaviour
〈fire tests〉 response of a test specimen, when it burns under specified conditions, to
examination of reaction to fire or fire resistance
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.32]
3.8
combustion
exothermic reaction of a substance with an oxidizing agent
Note 1 to entry: Combustion generally emits fire effluent accompanied by flames and/or glowing.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.46]
3.9
draught-free environment
space in which the results of experiments are not significantly affected by the local air speed
Note 1 to entry: A qualitative example is a space in which a wax candle flame remains essentially undisturbed.
-1 -1
Quantitative examples are small-scale fire tests in which a maximum air speed of 0,1 m × s or 0,2 m × s is
sometimes specified.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.70]
3.10
enclosure
〈electrotechnical〉 external casing protecting the electrical and mechanical parts of apparatus
Note 1 to entry: The term excludes cables.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.78]
3.11
fire hazard
physical object or condition with a potential for an undesirable consequence from fire
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.112]
3.12
fire hazard assessment
evaluation of the possible causes of fire, the possibility and nature of subsequent fire growth,
and the possible consequences of fire
[SOURCE: IEC 60695-4:2012, definition 3.2.10]
3.13
fire retardant
substance added, or a treatment applied, to a material in order to delay ignition or to reduce
the rate of combustion
Note 1 to entry: The use of a fire retardant does not necessarily suppress fire or terminate combustion.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.123]
3.14
fire risk
probability of a fire combined with a quantified measure of its consequence
Note 1 to entry: It is often calculated as the product of probability and consequence.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.124]
3.15
fire test
test that measures behaviour of a fire or exposes an item to the effects of a fire
Note 1 to entry: The results of a fire test can be used to quantify fire severity or determine the fire resistance or
reaction to fire of the test specimen.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.132]
3.16
flame, noun
rapid, self-sustaining, sub-sonic propagation of combustion in a gaseous medium, usually with
emission of light
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.133]
3.17
flame, verb
produce flame
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.134]
3.18
flame spread
propagation of a flame front
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.142]
3.19
flammability
ability of a material or product to burn with a flame under specified conditions
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.151]
– 12 – IEC 60695-11-20:2015 © IEC 2015
3.20
glowing combustion
combustion of a material in the solid phase without flame but with emission of light from the
combustion zone
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008 – definition 4.169]
3.21
ignition
sustained ignition (deprecated)
〈general〉 initiation of combustion
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.187]
3.22
ignition
sustained ignition (deprecated)
〈flaming combustion〉 initiation of sustained flame
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.188]
3.23
molten drip, noun
falling droplet of material that has been softened or liquefied by heat
Note 1 to entry: The droplets can be flaming or not flaming.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.232]
3.24
preselection
process of assessing and choosing candidate materials, components or subassemblies for
making an end-product
[SOURCE: IEC 60695-4:2012, definition 3.2.21]
3.25
reaction to fire
response of a test specimen when it is exposed to fire under specified conditions in a fire test
Note 1 to entry: Fire resistance is regarded as a special case and is not normally considered as a reaction to fire
property.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.272]
3.26
small-scale fire test
fire test performed on a test specimen of small dimensions
Note 1 to entry: A fire test performed on a test specimen of which the maximum dimension is less than 1 m is
usually called a small-scale fire test.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13943:2008, definition 4.292]
4 Principle
This test method is only applicable to solid and cellular materials that have an apparent
, determined in accordance with ISO 845. The method does
density of more than 250 kg/m
not apply to materials that shrink away from the applied flame without igniting due to their
thinness.
This test method requires the use of two test specimen configurations to classify the material
performance. Rectangular bar-shaped test specimens (see 7.2) are used to assess ignitability
and burning behaviour, while square plate test specimens (see 7.3) are used to assess the
resistance of the test specimen to burn-through.
5 Significance of the fire tests
5.1 General
Fire tests made on a material under the conditions specified can be of considerable value
when comparing the relative burning behaviour of different materials, controlling
manufacturing processes, or assessing any change in burning characteristics. The results
obtained from these fire test methods are dependent on the shape and orientation of the test
specimen, the environment surrounding the test specimen, and on the conditions of ignition.
NOTE The results obtained with this method and with the horizontal burning (HB) and vertical burning (V) tests
specified in IEC 60695-11-10 are not equivalent. The test flame for this test method is 500 W, whereas the test
flame for IEC 60695-11-10 is 50 W.
5.2 Limitations on the use of test results
Results obtained in accordance with this standard shall not be used alone to describe or
appraise the fire hazard presented by a particular material or shape under actual fire
conditions. Assessment for fire hazard requires consideration of such factors as fuel
contribution, intensity of burning (rate of heat release), products of combustion and
environmental factors, including the nature of the ignition source, the orientation of exposed
material and ventilation conditions.
5.3 Physical properties that can effect burning behaviour
Burning behaviour, as measured by this test method, is affected by such factors as density,
any anisotropy of the material and the thickness of the test specimen.
5.4 Shrinkage and distortion
Certain materials may shrink from (due to their thinness) or be distorted by the applied flame
without igniting. If valid results at the thickness under test cannot be obtained, these materials
at that specific tested thickness are not suitable for evaluation by these test methods.
5.5 Effects of test specimen conditioning
The burning behaviour of some plastic materials may change with time. It is accordingly
advisable to make tests before and after conditioning using an appropriate procedure. The
preferred oven conditioning is 168 h ± 2 h at 70 °C ± 2 °C. However, other conditioning times
and temperatures may be used by agreement between the interested parties, and if used,
shall be noted in the test report.
6 Apparatus
6.1 Laboratory fumehood/chamber
The laboratory fumehood/chamber shall have an inside volume of at least 0,5 m . The
chamber shall permit observation of tests in progress and shall provide a draught-free
environment, whilst allowing normal thermal circulation of air past the test specimen during
burning. The inside surfaces of the chamber shall be of a dark colour. When a light meter,
facing towards the rear of the chamber, is positioned in place of the test specimen, the
– 14 – IEC 60695-11-20:2015 © IEC 2015
recorded light level shall be less than 20 lx. For safety and convenience, it is desirable that
the enclosure (which can be completely closed) is fitted with an extraction device, such as an
exhaust fan, to remove products of combustion which may be toxic. The extraction device, if
fitted, shall be turned off during the test and turned on immediately after the test to remove
the fire effluents. A positive closing damper may be needed.
NOTE 1 Using a laboratory fumehood/chamber having an inside volume of 1 m has been found to be useful.
NOTE 2 Placing a mirror in the chamber to provide a rear view of the test specimen has been found to be useful.
6.2 Laboratory burner
The laboratory burner shall conform to IEC 60695-11-3, Method A or Method C.
6.3 Support stand
The support stand shall have clamps or the equivalent, adjustable for the positioning of the
test specimens.
6.4 Timing device
The timing device shall have a resolution of 0,5 s or less.
NOTE Some laboratories have found it useful to utilize a sound activated timer as a means of counting the flame
application time.
6.5 Measuring scale
The measuring scale shall be graduated in millimetres.
6.6 Conditioning chamber
The conditioning chamber shall be maintained at 23 °C ± 2 °C and at a relative humidity of
50 % ± 10 %.
NOTE Standard atmospheres for the conditioning and testing of plastic materials are described in ISO 291.
6.7 Micrometer
The micrometer shall have a resolution of
a) 0,01 mm or less for test specimens with a thickness of 0,25 mm or greater, and
b) 0,001 mm or less for test specimens with a thickness less than 0,250 mm.
6.8 Desiccator chamber
The desiccator chamber shall be maintained at 23 °C ± 2 °C, and at a relative humidity not
exceeding 20 %.
NOTE Anhydrous calcium chloride has been found to be a suitable drying agent.
6.9 Air-circulating oven
The air circulation oven shall provide a conditioning temperature of 70 °C ± 2 °C, unless
otherwise stated in the relevant specification, whilst providing not less than five air changes
per hour.
6.10 Cotton pads
The cotton pads shall be made of absorbent cotton designated “100% cotton” or “pure cotton”.
NOTE This is also referred to as “cotton wool”.
6.11 Burner mounting block
The burner mounting block serves to position the burner at an angle of 20 ° ± 2 ° from the
vertical axis (see Figure 3).
7 Test specimens
7.1 Test specimen preparation
Test specimens shall be fabricated by the appropriate ISO method, e.g. casting and injection
moulding in accordance with ISO 294, compression moulding in accordance with ISO 293 or
ISO 295, or transfer moulding to the necessary shape. Where this is not possible, the test
specimen shall be produced using the same fabrication process as would be normally used to
mould a part of a product; and where this is not possible, specimens are to be cut from a
representative sample of the moulded material taken from an end product.
NOTE In case it is not possible to prepare test specimens by any of the methods outlined above, e.g.
IEC 60695-11-5 [4] has been found useful for considering alternative fire test methods.
After any cutting operation, care shall be taken to remove all dust and any particles from the
surface; cut edges shall be fine sanded to a smooth finish.
7.2 Bar test specimens
Bar test specimens shall measure 125 mm ± 5 mm long by 13,0 mm ± 0,5 mm wide, and shall
be provided in at least the minimum thickness for which the flame classification is under
consideration (see Figure 4a). The preferred thickness values include 0,75 mm, 1,5 mm,
3,0 mm, 6,0 mm, and/or 12,0 mm.
Other thicknesses may be used by agreement between the interested parties and, if so, shall
be noted in the test report. However, the thickness shall not exceed 13,0 mm. Edges shall be
smooth, and the radius on the corners shall not exceed 1,3 mm.
NOTE The gauge illustrated in Figure 6 has been found useful for confirming proper specimen dimensions.
7.3 Plate test specimens
Plate test specimens shall measure at least 150 mm ± 5 mm long by at least 150 mm ± 5 mm
wide and shall be provided in at least the minimum thickness for which the flame classification
is under consideration (see Figure 4b). The preferred thickness values include 0,75 mm,
1,5 mm, 3,0 mm, 6,0 mm, and/or 12,0 mm.
Other thicknesses may be used by agreement between the interested parties and, if so, shall
be noted in the test report. However, the thickness shall not exceed 13,0 mm.
Uncoloured test specimens, or test specimens of the colour for which the flame classification
is under consideration, shall be tested and considered representative of the colour range.
Plate test specimens are required for a 5VA classification (see 8.4). Plate test specimens are
not required for a 5VB classification (see 8.4).
7.4 Testing materials – ranges in formulations
7.4.1 General
The results of tests carried out on test specimens of different colour, thickness, density,
molecular mass, anisotropic direction and type, or with different additives or
fillers/reinforcements can vary.
– 16 – IEC 60695-11-20:2015 © IEC 2015
7.4.2 Density, melt flows and filler/reinforcement
Test specimens with extremes of density, melt flows and filler/reinforcement content may be
provided and considered representative of the range if the test results yield the same flame
test classification. If the test results do not yield the same flame test classification for all test
specimens representing the range, evaluation shall be limited to the materials with the
extremes of density, melt flows and filler/reinforcement contents tested. In addition, test
specimens with intermediate density, melt flows, and filler/reinforcement content shall be
tested to determine the representative range for each flame classification.
7.4.3 Colour (bar test specimens only)
Uncoloured bar test specimens and bar test specimens with the highest level of organic and
inorganic pigment loading by weight are considered representative of the colour range, if the
test results yield the same flame test classification. When certain pigments are known to
affect flammability characteristics, the test specimens containing those pigments shall also be
tested. Test specimens which shall be tested are those that
a) contain no colouring;
b) contain the highest level of organic pigments/colorants/dyes and/or carbon black;
c) contain the highest level
...
IEC 60695-11-20:2015 is a standard that describes a test method for comparing the burning behavior of different materials used in electrotechnical products. It involves exposing vertically or horizontally oriented test specimens to a small flame ignition source with a nominal thermal power of 500 W. The test method uses two specimen configurations to classify material performance: rectangular bar-shaped test specimens are used to assess ignitability and burning behavior, while square plate test specimens assess resistance to burn-through. This test method applies only to materials classified as V-0 or V-1 according to IEC 60695-11-10, and only to solid and cellular materials with an apparent density over 250 kg/m3. The results obtained can be used for quality assurance, pre-selection of component materials, or verification of flammability classification of materials used in end products. However, the results alone cannot guarantee safe performance in service. The second edition of this standard includes editorial changes, clarifications, and additions to the test method. It is meant to be used by technical committees in the preparation of standards.
次の記事を要約してください： 記事タイトル：IEC 60695-11-20：2015-火災ハザードテスト-パート11-20：テストフレーム-500Wフレームテスト方法 記事内容：IEC 60695-11-20：2015は、電気技術製品に使用される異なる材料の燃焼挙動を比較するための、2つの小規模実験室テスト手順で構成されるテスト方法について説明しています。垂直に位置した棒状試験片または水平に位置した板状試験片を、名目熱出力が500Wの小さな点火源の小さい炎に露出させます。このテスト方法では、材料の性能を分類するために2つの試験片の構成を使用します。長方形の棒状試験片は着火性と燃焼挙動の評価に使用され、正方形の板状試験片は8.3.3で定義された試験片の焼け突き抜け耐性の評価に使用されます。このテスト方法は、IEC 60695-11-10に従ってV-0またはV-1に分類された材料にのみ適用されます。このテスト方法は、ISO 845に従って決定される250kg/m3以上の表面密度を持つ固体およびセルラー材料にのみ適用されます。この方法は、薄さのために点火前に火花に引っ込んだり点火しない材料には適用されません。得られる結果は、品質保証、製品の構成部材の事前選択、または最低燃焼性分類の材料の要件の検証に使用できます。事前選択に使用する場合は、製品の応用に使用される最も薄い厚さと同じ試験片の厚さで陽性結果を得る必要があります。得られた結果は、材料の稼働時の挙動に関する情報を提供しますが、それだけでは安全な性能を保証することはできません。この2版は、2003年に発行されたIEC 60695-11-20の統合版を取り消し、置き換えます。この版は技術的な改訂です。初版との主な変更点は以下の通りです： -部分のタイトルが単数形の「500Wフレームテスト方法」に変更されました。 - IEC 60695-11-10をIEC 60695-11-20に合わせるために、文書全体で編集的な変更が行われました。 -テスト方法の説明を明確にするために、導入部分が修正されました。 -明確化のためにスコープが修正されました。 -ドキュメントから「固定具」の用語が削除されました。 - 7.2および7.3には、優先される厚さの値が追加されました。 - 7.4.4で「厚さ測定」は現在7.5と番号付けされ、新しいテーブル1-厚さ許容差が追加されました。 - 新しいサブセクション8.1.4「綿パッドの調整」が追加されました。 - 8.2.3では、歪んだ試験片に対するテストフレームの適用が明確化されています。 -図5と6に説明的な注釈が追加され、参考文献がアップデートされ、参照が追加されました。この基本安全出版物は、IECガイド104およびISO / IECガイド51に従って、技術委員会が標準の準備に使用するために提供されます。キーワード：テストフレーム、火災ハザード、火災テスト方法 この出版物は、IEC 60695-11-3：2012と併せてお読みください。2016年1月の訂正もこのコピーに含まれています。
아래 문서를 요약해주세요: 기사 제목: IEC 60695-11-20:2015 - 화재 위험 시험 - 파트 11-20: 시험화염 - 500W 화염 시험 방법 기사 내용: IEC 60695-11-20:2015은 전기기기 제품에 사용되는 다양한 재료의 연소 특성을 비교하기 위한 작은 규모의 실험실 시험 절차로 구성된 시험 방법을 설명한다. 수직으로 방향된 막대 시편 또는 수평으로 방향된 판 시편에 500W의 적정 열력을 갖는 작은 화염 혜택원을 노출시킨다. 이 시험 방법은 시험자재 성능을 분류하기 위해 두 가지 시편 구성을 사용한다. 직사각형 막대 시편은 불이 붙는 능력과 연소 특성을 평가하기 위해 사용되며, 정사각형 판 시편은 8.3.3에서 정의된 시험자재의 화상관통 저항성을 평가하기 위해 사용된다. 이 시험 방법은 IEC 60695-11-10에 따라 V-0 또는 V-1으로 분류된 재료에만 적용된다. 이 시험 방법은 또한 ISO 845에 따라 결정된 250kg/m3 이상의 겉보기 밀도를 갖는 고체 및 셀룰러 재료에만 적용된다. 이 방법은 화염에 불 붙기 전에 스스로 화염에서 멀어지는 얇은 재료에는 적용되지 않는다. 이 시험 방법은 품질 보증, 제품의 구성 요소 재료의 사전 선택 또는 최소 인화성 분류 요구 사항을 확인하기 위해 사용될 수 있다. 사전 선택 시에는, 양성 결과를 얻기 위해 제품 응용에서 사용되는 가장 얇은 두께와 동일한 시험 시편 두께에서 실행되어야 한다. 얻어지는 결과는 재료의 실제 서비스 동작에 관한 일부 정보를 제공하지만, 단독으로는 안전한 성능을 보장할 수 없다. 이 2판은 2003년에 발표된 IEC 60695-11-20의 통합 버전을 취소하고 대체한다. 이 버전은 기술적 개정으로 구성된다. 첫 번째 판과의 주요 변경 사항은 다음과 같다: - 부분 제목을 단수형인 "500W 화염 시험 방법"으로 수정하였다. - IEC 60695-11-10을 IEC 60695-11-20과 조화를 이루기 위해 문서 전체에서 편집적 변경이 이루어졌다. - 시험 방법에 대한 설명을 명확하게 하기 위해 소개가 수정되었다. - 설명을 명확히 하기 위해 범위가 수정되었다. - 문서에서 "고정장치"라는 용어가 삭제되었다. - 7.2와 7.3에 선호되는 두께 값이 추가되었다. - 7.4.4에서 "두께 측정"은 이제 7.5로 번호가 매겨져 있으며, 새로운 표 1 - 두께 허용차가 추가되었다. - 새로운 소항 8.1.4 '면봉의 조건부여'가 추가되었다. - 8.2.3은 왜곡된 시편에 대한 시험 화염의 적용을 명확히 한다. - 그림 5와 6에 설명적인 주석이 추가되었으며, 참고문헌이 업데이트되고 참조가 추가되었다. 이 기본적인 안전 출판물은 IEC Guide 104와 ISO/IEC Guide 51에 따라 기술 위원회가 표준을 준비하는 데 사용되도록 제공된다. 핵심 단어: 시험화염, 화재 위험, 화염 시험 방법 이 출판물은 IEC 60695-11-3:2012와 함께 읽어야 한다. 2016년 1월의 정정 개정 사항이 이 복사본에 포함되어 있다.
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