IEC 60230:2018
(Main)Impulse tests on cables and their accessories
Impulse tests on cables and their accessories
IEC 60230:2018 defines the procedure for carrying out withstand lightning and switching impulse tests and withstand superimposed impulse test on cables and their accessories.
This document applies solely to the methods of carrying out the tests as such, independently of the problem of selecting the test levels to be specified. The voltages pertaining to the system on which cables and accessories are to be used are given in IEC 60183 or in the relevant product standard.
This document specifies the following requirements:
- the characteristics and state of the test installation and those parts of the procedure which are common to withstand tests and tests above the withstand level;
- the procedure for carrying out withstand lightning, switching impulse tests and superimposed impulse test;
- the procedure for carrying out tests above the withstand level which is intended for research purposes.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1966. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the structure of the standard takes into account the current style of IEC standards;
b) this document is no longer a “Recommendation” but an “International Standard”;
c) the test installation is no longer related to gas-pressure and oil-filled cables only;
d) switching-impulse voltage and superimposed impulse voltage tests have been included;
e) for the measuring system the reference to IEC 60060-2 has been added. The reference to the sphere gap method has been moved to Annex B.
Essais de choc des câbles et de leurs accessoires
L'IEC 60230:2018 définit la procédure pour la réalisation des essais de tenue au choc de foudre et aux chocs de manœuvre et des essais de tenue au choc superposé appliqués aux câbles et de leurs accessoires.
Ce document ne s’applique qu’aux méthodes d’essai en tant que telles, indépendamment du choix des niveaux d’essai à spécifier. Les tensions associées au système sur lequel les câbles et accessoires doivent être utilisés sont indiquées dans l’IEC 60183 ou dans la norme de produit applicable.
Ce document spécifie les exigences suivantes:
- les caractéristiques et l’état de l’installation d’essai ainsi que les parties de la procédure qui sont également applicables aux essais de tenue et aux essais à niveaux supérieurs aux essais de tenue;
- la procédure pour la réalisation des essais de tenue au choc de foudre et aux chocs de manœuvre, ainsi que des essais de choc superposé;
- la procédure pour la réalisation d’essais, à des fins de recherches, à des niveaux supérieurs au niveau de tenue.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 1966. Cette édition constitue une révision technique.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l’édition précédente:
a) la structure de la norme tient compte du modèle actuel des normes IEC;
b) le présent document n’est plus une “Recommandation” mais une “Norme internationale”;
c) l’installation d'essai n’est plus liée uniquement aux câbles à pression de gaz et aux câbles à huile fluide;
d) des essais de tension de choc de manœuvre et des essais de tension de choc superposée ont été intégrés;
e) pour le système de mesure, la référence à l’IEC 60060-2 a été ajoutée. La référence à la méthode de l’éclateur à sphères a été intégrée dans l’Annexe B.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 60230 ®
Edition 2.0 2018-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Impulse tests on cables and their accessories
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
IEC Catalogue - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The stand-alone application for consulting the entire The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and
bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, electrical terms containing 21 000 terms and definitions in
Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other English and French, with equivalent terms in 16 additional
documents. Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
iPad. Vocabulary (IEV) online.
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variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been
and withdrawn publications. collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and
CISPR.
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IEC 60230 ®
Edition 2.0 2018-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Impulse tests on cables and their accessories
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.060.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-5236-9
– 2 – IEC 60230:2018 © IEC 2018
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Characteristics of the test object to be subjected to the tests . 5
5 State of the test object to be subjected to the test . 6
6 Lightning impulse voltage . 6
7 Switching impulse voltage . 6
8 Superimposed impulse voltage test . 6
8.1 General . 6
8.2 Test setup . 6
8.3 Time parameters . 7
8.4 Application of the DC voltage . 7
9 Measuring system . 7
10 Application of the impulses . 7
Annex A (informative) Tests above the withstand level . 8
A.1 General . 8
A.2 Procedure for tests above the withstand level . 8
A.2.1 General sequence of lightning-impulse tests . 8
A.2.2 Tests beyond withstand level . 8
A.2.3 Re-calibration of the generator . 8
Annex B (normative) Calibration of impulse generator . 9
B.1 General . 9
B.2 Calibration of impulse generator . 9
B.3 Application of the impulses at the level specified . 9
Annex C (normative) Test circuits for superimposed impulse voltage test . 10
C.1 General . 10
Bibliography . 12
Figure C.1 – Spark gap setup using calibrated composite measuring system capable of
measuring HVDC and impulse . 10
Figure C.2 – Blocking capacitor setup using calibrated composite measuring system
capable of measuring HVDC and impulse . 11
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
IMPULSE TESTS ON CABLES AND THEIR ACCESSORIES
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60230 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 20: Electric
cables.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1966. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) the structure of the standard takes into account the current style of IEC standards;
b) this document is no longer a “Recommendation” but an “International Standard”;
c) the test installation is no longer related to gas-pressure and oil-filled cables only;
d) switching-impulse voltage and superimposed impulse voltage tests have been included;
e) for the measuring system the reference to IEC 60060-2 has been added. The reference to
the sphere gap method has been moved to Annex B.
– 4 – IEC 60230:2018 © IEC 2018
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
20/1769A/FDIS 20/1779/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.
IMPULSE TESTS ON CABLES AND THEIR ACCESSORIES
1 Scope
This document defines the procedure for carrying out withstand lightning and switching
impulse tests and withstand superimposed impulse test on cables and their accessories.
This document applies solely to the methods of carrying out the tests as such, independently
of the problem of selecting the test levels to be specified. The voltages pertaining to the
system on which cables and accessories are to be used are given in IEC 60183 or in the
relevant product standard.
This document specifies the following requirements:
• the characteristics and state of the test installation and those parts of the procedure which
are common to withstand tests and tests above the withstand level;
• the procedure for carrying out withstand lightning and switching impulse tests and
superimposed impulse test;
• the procedure for carrying out tests above the withstand level which is intended for
research purposes.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
IEC 60060-1:2010, High-voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test
requirements
3 Terms and definiti
...
IEC 60230 ®
Edition 2.0 2018-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Impulse tests on cables and their accessories
Essais de choc des câbles et de leurs accessoires
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
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questions sur le copyright de l'IEC ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette publication, utilisez
les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence.
IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
IEC Catalogue - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The stand-alone application for consulting the entire The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and
bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, electrical terms containing 21 000 terms and definitions in
Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other English and French, with equivalent terms in 16 additional
documents. Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
iPad. Vocabulary (IEV) online.
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The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a 67 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in English and
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been
and withdrawn publications. collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and
CISPR.
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IEC 60230 ®
Edition 2.0 2018-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Impulse tests on cables and their accessories
Essais de choc des câbles et de leurs accessoires
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.060.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-6166-8
– 2 – IEC 60230:2018 © IEC 2018
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Characteristics of the test object to be subjected to the tests . 5
5 State of the test object to be subjected to the test . 6
6 Lightning impulse voltage . 6
7 Switching impulse voltage . 6
8 Superimposed impulse voltage test . 6
8.1 General . 6
8.2 Test setup . 6
8.3 Time parameters . 7
8.4 Application of the DC voltage . 7
9 Measuring system . 7
10 Application of the impulses . 7
Annex A (informative) Tests above the withstand level . 8
A.1 General . 8
A.2 Procedure for tests above the withstand level . 8
A.2.1 General sequence of lightning-impulse tests . 8
A.2.2 Tests beyond withstand level . 8
A.2.3 Re-calibration of the generator . 8
Annex B (normative) Calibration of impulse generator . 9
B.1 General . 9
B.2 Calibration of impulse generator . 9
B.3 Application of the impulses at the level specified . 9
Annex C (normative) Test circuits for superimposed impulse voltage test . 10
C.1 General . 10
Bibliography . 12
Figure C.1 – Spark gap setup using calibrated composite measuring system capable of
measuring HVDC and impulse . 10
Figure C.2 – Blocking capacitor setup using calibrated composite measuring system
capable of measuring HVDC and impulse . 11
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
IMPULSE TESTS ON CABLES AND THEIR ACCESSORIES
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60230 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 20: Electric
cables.
This bilingual version (2018-11) corresponds to the monolingual English version, published in
2018-01.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1966. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) the structure of the standard takes into account the current style of IEC standards;
b) this document is no longer a “Recommendation” but an “International Standard”;
c) the test installation is no longer related to gas-pressure and oil-filled cables only;
d) switching-impulse voltage and superimposed impulse voltage tests have been included;
– 4 – IEC 60230:2018 © IEC 2018
e) for the measuring system the reference to IEC 60060-2 has been added. The reference to
the sphere gap method has been moved to Annex B.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
20/1769A/FDIS 20/1779/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
The French version of this standard has not been voted upon.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPULSE TESTS ON CABLES AND THEIR ACCESSORIES
1 Scope
This document defines the procedure for carrying out withstand lightning and switching
impulse tests and withstand superimposed impulse test on cables and their accessories.
This document applies solely to the methods of carrying out the tests as such, independently
of the problem of selecting the test levels to be specified. The voltages pertaining to the
system on which cables and accessories are to be used are given in IEC 60183 or in the
relevant product standard.
This document specifies the following requirements:
• the characteristics and state of the test installation and those parts of the procedure which
are common to withstand tests and tests above the withstand level;
• the procedure for carrying out withstand lightning and switching impulse tests and
superimposed impulse test;
• the procedure for carrying out tests above the withstand level which is intended for
research purposes.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
IEC 60060-1:2010, High-voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test
requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in the relevant product
standards and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
superimposed impulse voltage
impulse voltage applied to a test object which is at the same time energized by a DC voltage
Note 1 to entry: The superimposed impulse voltage falls under the definition of composite voltage given in
IEC 60060-1:2010, 9.2.
4 Characteristics of the test object to be subjected to the tests
The test object shall have been previously subjected to the test protocol as required by the
relevant IEC product standards.
– 6 – IEC 60230:2018 © IEC 2018
If not specified in the reference IEC product standards, the following conditions shall be
maintained:
• If the test object is not intended to include any other accessory, the length of the sample
taken shall be such that the length of free cable between the terminations is at least 5 m.
• Where one joint is included in the test object, the minimum length of free cable, between
the joint and terminations shall be 5 m. Where more than one joint is included, the same
requirement shall be observed and in addition there shall be a minimum length of 3 m of
free cable between successive joints.
5 State of the test object to be subjected to the test
The test object shall be maintained under the following conditions.
• Pressure conditions, if any:
For gas-pressure and oil-filled cables, the pressure shall be adjusted in accordance with
the relevant IEC standard.
• Temperature conditions:
The temperature conditions and the method of temperature measurement shall be as
described in the relevant IEC standard, but other methods of temperature measurement
may be used by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
6 Lightning impulse voltage
The peak voltage level of the lightning impulse is specified in the relevant product standard or
contractual agreements. The lightning impulse voltage to be applied shall be a standard
lightning-impulse voltage as specified in IEC 60060-1 with the exception that the front time T
shall be between 1 µs and 5 µs.
7 Switching impulse voltage
The peak voltage level of the switching impulse is specified in the relevant product standard.
The switching impulse voltage to be applied shall be a standard switching impulse voltage as
specified in IEC 60060-1.
8 Superimposed impulse voltage test
8.1 General
The superimposed impulse voltage test shall be carried out on HVDC cable systems. The
peak voltage level of the switching impulse is specified in the relevant product standard.
When a superimposed impulse voltage test is required, Clause 8 shall be applied in addition
to the other clauses of this document.
8.2 Test setup
Some possibilities are given to apply an impulse voltage to a test object which is at the same
time energized by a DC voltage; Annex C illustrates the possible superimposed impulse test
circuit arrangements.
8.3 Time parameters
The time parameters shall meet the requirements of Clause 6 or Clause 7 and shall be
determined with the DC voltage source set to zero output or disconnected, i.e. without
energizing the test object by a DC voltage and with the spark gap (as applicable)
short-circuited. Once the time parameters have been determined, there shall be no changes
to the test setup other than connecting the DC voltage source and removing the short-circuit
across the spark gap.
The time parameters are to be determined in this way because a base level around 0 kV is
required by IEC 60060-1.
8.4 Application of the DC voltage
Before the impulses are applied to the test object, if required, the test object shall be
energized by a DC voltage with a level and duration and polarity as specified in the product
standard.
The application of the impulses is given in Clause 10.
9 Measuring system
The preferred method to measure the impulse voltage is by using an approved measuring
system according to IEC 60060-2.
Alternatively, the method described in Annex B may be used at the discretion of the
manufacturer.
10 Application of the impulses
Both ends of the test object shall be connected to the impulse generator (via the spark gap or
blocking capacitor in the case of a superimposed impulse test).
For an impulse test, the test object shall be subjected to a series of 10 positive impulses and
10 negative impulses at the voltage and shape as specified. For a superimposed impulse test
the polarity, method of application of impulses and rest periods between DC polarity changes
shall be as given in the relevant product standard.
As a means of conditioning the test object when using an approved measuring system, each
series of 10 impulses may be preceded by one or more impulses of the same polarity at a
level of approximately 50 %, 65 % and 80 % of the voltage and shape specified.
At least the first and tenth impulses at the voltage and shape specified shall be recorded, in
each series.
The impulses at the lower level may be recorded.
The ambient temperature, the cable temperature and, where applicable, the gas or oil
pressure shall be recorded.
When, for research purposes, lightning-impulse tests to levels above the withstand level are
made, the procedure according to Annex A is recommended.
– 8 – IEC 60230:2018 © IEC 2018
Annex A
(informative)
Tests above the withstand level
A.1 General
Annex A deals with the application of lightning-impulse test above the specified withstand
level and the omission of power-frequency test.
When, for research purposes, lightning-impulse tests to levels above the withstand level are
made, the procedure given below is recommended.
In this case, the power-frequency test at ambient temperature, specified in the relevant
product standard or contractual agreements may be omitted, provided that there is no doubt
that the test object has successfully passed the lightning-impulse withstand voltage test. If the
last oscillogram does not show this clearly, further lightning-impulse voltages may be applied
at withstand level to obtain a good oscillogram.
A.2 Procedure for tests above the withstand level
A.2.1 General sequence of lightning-impulse tests
With the temperature conditions as specified, lightning-impulses shall be applied in the
following sequence:
1) 10 negative lightning-impulses at withstand voltage plus approximately 5 %;
2) 5 positive lightning-impulses, the first at 50 % of the value used for 1) and the remainder
at progressively increasing values up to 85 % of the value used for 1);
3) 10 positive lightning-impulses at withstand voltage plus approximately 5 %;
4) 10 positive lightning-impulses at withstand voltage plus approximately 10 %;
5) 5 negative lightning-impulses, the first at 50 % of the value used for 4) and the remainder
at progressively increasing values up to 85 % of the value used for 4);
6) 10 negative lightning-impulses at withstand voltage plus approximately 10 %.
A.2.2 Tests beyond withstand level
The sequence specified in A.2.1 shall be repeated, the test voltage being increased in steps
of approximately 5 %. Thus, steps 7) to 9) will be at withstand voltage plus approximately
15 %; steps 10) to 12) at withstand voltage plus 20 %; and so on.
The test shall continue until the desired voltage is reached, or until breakdown occurs.
At least the first and tenth impulses of each series of 10 impulses shall be recorded in each
series.
The impulses of each series of 5 impulses may be recorded.
A.2.3 Re-calibration of the generator
In case an approved measuring system is used, A.2.3 is not applicable.
In case an approved measuring system is not used, then, in general, no recalibration of the
generator is necessary throughout this series of tests and the voltage can be determined by
extrapolation from the original calibration. When, however, the margin between the test
voltage and the maximum voltage used for the original calibration is considered too large for
accurate results, a fresh calibration as described in Annex B may be necessary.
Annex B
(normative)
Calibration of impulse generator
B.1 General
Annex B is only applicable when an approved measuring system according to IEC 60060-2 is
not used.
B.2 Calibration of impulse generator
Immediately before or during the period when the temperature of the cable is maintained at a
constant value, preparatory to the application of the impulses, the generator shall be
calibrated, with positive polarity, under the following conditions.
Both ends of the test assembly shall be connected to the impulse generator. A measuring
sphere-gap and an oscillograph, with its associated voltage divider, shall be connected in
parallel and remain so connected throughout the test.
For every setting of the sphere-gap, the charging voltage of the generator shall be so
adjusted as to give 50 % flashover of the gap (see IEC 60060-1:2010, Annex A) and an
oscillogram of the impulse voltage shall be taken. This procedure shall be carried out for at
least three different settings of the sphere-gap. The settings shall be so selected that their
50 % flashover voltages are approximately 50 %, 65 % and 80 % of the test level specified.
A curve showing the charging voltage as a function of the sphere-gap flashover voltage shall
be drawn for this positive polarity. This curve, which should be a straight line, shall be
extrapolated to determine the charging voltage necessary to obtain the specified level with
positive polarity.
The ratio of the voltage divider shall be so selected for this polarity as to take into account the
maximum flashover voltages for the sphere-gap and the voltage oscillograms that have to be
obtained. This value for the ratio of the voltage divider shall be used for all the oscillograms
taken in the course of the series of tests with this polarity.
B.3 Application of the impulses at the level specified
With the sphere-gap setting increased so that no flashover occurs across the gap, and with
the cable maintained at the required temperature, the test installation shall be subjected to a
series of 10 positive impulses at the voltage specified. The time interval between two
successive impulses shall be just sufficient to ensure that the impulse generator is charged at
the correct voltage.
Immediately after the application of the 10 positive impulses, the generator shall be
re-calibrated for negative polarity under the conditions specified in Clause B.2 and a series of
10 negative impulses of the same specified voltage shall then be applied to the test assembly.
Oscillograms shall be taken of at least the first and tenth impulses in each series. The
oscillograms shall include a timing oscillation.
The ambient temperature, the cable temperature and, where applicable, the gas or oil
pressure, shall be recorded during the test.
– 10 – IEC 60230:2018 © IEC 2018
Annex C
(normative)
Test circuits for superimposed impulse voltage test
C.1 General
Figures C.1 and C.2 indicate possible configurations of the superimposed impulse voltage
...
IEC 60230 ®
Edition 2.1 2021-12
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
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Impulse tests on cables and their accessories
Essais de choc des câbles et de leurs accessoires
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IEC 60230 ®
Edition 2.1 2021-12
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Impulse tests on cables and their accessories
Essais de choc des câbles et de leurs accessoires
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.060.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-4042-7
IEC 60230 ®
Edition 2.1 2021-12
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
Impulse tests on cables and their accessories
Essais de choc des câbles et de leurs accessoires
– 2 – IEC 60230:2018+AMD1:2021 CSV
© IEC 2021
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Characteristics of the test object to be subjected to the tests . 5
5 State of the test object to be subjected to the test . 6
6 Lightning impulse voltage . 6
7 Switching impulse voltage . 6
8 Superimposed impulse voltage test . 6
8.1 General . 6
8.2 Test setup . 6
8.3 Time parameters . 7
8.4 Application of the DC voltage . 7
9 Measuring system . 7
10 Application of the impulses . 7
Annex A (informative) Tests above the withstand level . 9
A.1 General . 9
A.2 Procedure for tests above the withstand level . 9
A.2.1 General sequence of lightning-impulse tests . 9
A.2.2 Tests beyond withstand level . 9
A.2.3 Re-calibration of the generator . 9
Annex B (normative) Calibration of impulse generator . 10
B.1 General . 10
B.2 Calibration of impulse generator . 10
B.3 Application of the impulses at the level specified . 10
Annex C (normative) Test circuits for superimposed impulse voltage test . 11
C.1 General . 11
Bibliography . 13
Figure C.1 – Spark gap setup using calibrated composite measuring system capable of
measuring HVDC and impulse . 11
Figure C.2 – Blocking capacitor setup using calibrated composite measuring system
capable of measuring HVDC and impulse . 12
© IEC 2021
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
IMPULSE TESTS ON CABLES AND THEIR ACCESSORIES
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
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with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
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4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
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between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
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5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This consolidated version of the official IEC Standard and its amendment has been
prepared for user convenience.
IEC 60230 edition 2.1 contains the second edition (2018-01) [documents 20/1769A/FDIS
and 20/1779/RVD] and its amendment 1 (2021-12) [documents 20/1957/CDV and
20/1989/RVC].
In this Redline version, a vertical line in the margin shows where the technical content
is modified by amendment 1. Additions are in green text, deletions are in strikethrough
red text. A separate Final version with all changes accepted is available in this
publication.
– 4 – IEC 60230:2018+AMD1:2021 CSV
© IEC 2021
International Standard IEC 60230 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 20: Electric
cables.
This second edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) the structure of the standard takes into account the current style of IEC standards;
b) this document is no longer a “Recommendation” but an “International Standard”;
c) the test installation is no longer related to gas-pressure and oil-filled cables only;
d) switching-impulse voltage and superimposed impulse voltage tests have been included;
e) for the measuring system the reference to IEC 60060-2 has been added. The reference to
the sphere gap method has been moved to Annex B.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendment will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under webstore.iec.ch
in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
© IEC 2021
IMPULSE TESTS ON CABLES AND THEIR ACCESSORIES
1 Scope
This document defines the procedure for carrying out withstand lightning and switching
impulse tests and withstand superimposed impulse test on cables and their accessories.
This document applies solely to the methods of carrying out the tests as such, independently
of the problem of selecting the test levels to be specified. The voltages pertaining to the
system on which cables and accessories are to be used are given in IEC 60183 or in the
relevant product standard.
This document specifies the following requirements:
• the characteristics and state of the test installation and those parts of the procedure which
are common to withstand tests and tests above the withstand level;
• the procedure for carrying out withstand lightning and switching impulse tests and
superimposed impulse test;
• the procedure for carrying out tests above the withstand level which is intended for
research purposes.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
IEC 60060-1:2010, High-voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test
requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in the relevant product
standards and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
superimposed impulse voltage
impulse voltage applied to a test object which is at the same time energized by a DC voltage
Note 1 to entry: The superimposed impulse voltage falls under the definition of composite voltage given in
IEC 60060-1:2010, 9.2.
4 Characteristics of the test object to be subjected to the tests
The test object shall have been previously subjected to the test protocol as required by the
relevant IEC product standards.
– 6 – IEC 60230:2018+AMD1:2021 CSV
© IEC 2021
If not specified in the reference IEC product standards, the following conditions shall be
maintained:
• If the test object is not intended to include any other accessory, the length of the sample
taken shall be such that the length of free cable between the terminations is at least 5 m.
• Where one joint is included in the test object, the minimum length of free cable, between
the joint and terminations shall be 5 m. Where more than one joint is included, the same
requirement shall be observed and in addition there shall be a minimum length of 3 m of
free cable between successive joints.
5 State of the test object to be subjected to the test
The test object shall be maintained under the following conditions.
• Pressure conditions, if any:
For gas-pressure and oil-filled cables, the pressure shall be adjusted in accordance with
the relevant IEC standard.
• Temperature conditions:
The temperature conditions and the method of temperature measurement shall be as
described in the relevant IEC standard, but other methods of temperature measurement
may be used by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
6 Lightning impulse voltage
The peak voltage level of the lightning impulse is specified in the relevant product standard or
contractual agreements. The lightning impulse voltage to be applied shall be a standard
lightning-impulse voltage as specified in IEC 60060-1 with the exception that the front time T
shall be between 1 µs and 5 µs.
7 Switching impulse voltage
The peak voltage level of the switching impulse is specified in the relevant product standard.
The switching impulse voltage to be applied shall be a standard switching impulse voltage as
specified in IEC 60060-1.
8 Superimposed impulse voltage test
8.1 General
The superimposed impulse voltage test shall be carried out on HVDC cable systems. The
peak voltage level of the switching impulse is specified in the relevant product standard.
When a superimposed impulse voltage test is required, Clause 8 shall be applied in addition
to the other clauses of this document.
8.2 Test setup
Some possibilities are given to apply an impulse voltage to a test object which is at the same
time energized by a DC voltage; Annex C illustrates the possible superimposed impulse test
circuit arrangements.
© IEC 2021
8.3 Time parameters
The time parameters shall meet the requirements of Clause 6 or Clause 7 and shall be
determined with the DC voltage source set to zero output or disconnected, i.e. without
energizing the test object by a DC voltage and with the spark gap (as applicable)
short-circuited. Once the time parameters have been determined, there shall be no changes
to the test setup other than connecting the DC voltage source and removing the short-circuit
across the spark gap.
The time parameters are to be determined in this way because a base level around 0 kV is
required by IEC 60060-1.
8.4 Application of the DC voltage
Before the impulses are applied to the test object, if required, the test object shall be
energized by a DC voltage with a level and duration and polarity as specified in the product
standard.
The application of the impulses is given in Clause 10.
9 Measuring system
The preferred method to measure the impulse voltage is by using an approved measuring
system according to IEC 60060-2.
Alternatively, the method described in Annex B may be used at the discretion of the
manufacturer.
10 Application of the impulses
Both ends of the test object shall be connected to the impulse generator (via the spark gap or
blocking capacitor in the case of a superimposed impulse test).
For an impulse test, the test object shall be subjected to a series of 10 positive impulses and
10 negative impulses at the voltage and shape as specified. For a superimposed impulse test
the polarity, method of application of impulses and rest periods between DC polarity changes
shall be as given in the relevant product standard.
The time interval between two successive impulses shall be just sufficient to ensure that the
impulse generator is charged at the correct voltage. Scheduled interruption of the test is not
allowed, however, an unintentional interruption during impulse testing, resulting in a duration,
between two consecutive impulses, exceeding 15 min, shall result in a retest of the complete
series of 10 impulses at the polarity at which the interruption occurred. An already completed
series of impulses at the opposite polarity does not have to be repeated.
As a means of conditioning the test object when using an approved measuring system, each
series of 10 impulses may be preceded by one or more impulses of the same polarity at a
level of approximately 50 %, 65 % and 80 % of the voltage and shape specified.
At least the first and tenth impulses at the voltage and shape specified shall be recorded, in
each series.
The impulses at the lower level may be recorded.
The ambient temperature, the cable temperature and, where applicable, the gas or oil
pressure shall be recorded.
– 8 – IEC 60230:2018+AMD1:2021 CSV
© IEC 2021
When, for research purposes, lightning-impulse tests to levels above the withstand level are
made, the procedure according to Annex A is recommended.
© IEC 2021
Annex A
(informative)
Tests above the withstand level
A.1 General
Annex A deals with the application of lightning-impulse test above the specified withstand
level and the omission of power-frequency test.
When, for research purposes, lightning-impulse tests to levels above the withstand level are
made, the procedure given below is recommended.
In this case, the power-frequency test at ambient temperature, specified in the relevant
product standard or contractual agreements may be omitted, provided that there is no doubt
that the test object has successfully passed the lightning-impulse withstand voltage test. If the
last oscillogram does not show this clearly, further lightning-impulse voltages may be applied
at withstand level to obtain a good oscillogram.
A.2 Procedure for tests above the withstand level
A.2.1 General sequence of lightning-impulse tests
With the temperature conditions as specified, lightning-impulses shall be applied in the
following sequence:
1) 10 negative lightning-impulses at withstand voltage plus approximately 5 %;
2) 5 positive lightning-impulses, the first at 50 % of the value used for 1) and the remainder
at progressively increasing values up to 85 % of the value used for 1);
3) 10 positive lightning-impulses at withstand voltage plus approximately 5 %;
4) 10 positive lightning-impulses at withstand voltage plus approximately 10 %;
5) 5 negative lightning-impulses, the first at 50 % of the value used for 4) and the remainder
at progressively increasing values up to 85 % of the value used for 4);
6) 10 negative lightning-impulses at withstand voltage plus approximately 10 %.
A.2.2 Tests beyond withstand level
The sequence specified in A.2.1 shall be repeated, the test voltage being increased in steps
of approximately 5 %. Thus, steps 7) to 9) will be at withstand voltage plus approximately
15 %; steps 10) to 12) at withstand voltage plus 20 %; and so on.
The test shall continue until the desired voltage is reached, or until breakdown occurs.
At least the first and tenth impulses of each series of 10 impulses shall be recorded in each
series.
The impulses of each series of 5 impulses may be recorded.
A.2.3 Re-calibration of the generator
In case an approved measuring system is used, A.2.3 is not applicable.
In case an approved measuring system is not used, then, in general, no recalibration of the
generator is necessary throughout this series of tests and the voltage can be determined by
extrapolation from the original calibration. When, however, the margin between the test
voltage and the maximum voltage used for the original calibration is considered too large for
accurate results, a fresh calibration as described in Annex B may be necessary.
– 10 – IEC 60230:2018+AMD1:2021 CSV
© IEC 2021
Annex B
(normative)
Calibration of impulse generator
B.1 General
Annex B is only applicable when an approved measuring system according to IEC 60060-2 is
not used.
B.2 Calibration of impulse generator
Immediately before or during the period when the temperature of the cable is maintained at a
constant value, preparatory to the application of the impulses, the generator shall be
calibrated, with positive polarity, under the following conditions.
Both ends of the test assembly shall be connected to the impulse generator. A measuring
sphere-gap and an oscillograph, with its associated voltage divider, shall be connected in
parallel and remain so connected throughout the test.
For every setting of the sphere-gap, the charging voltage of the generator shall be so
adjusted as to give 50 % flashover of the gap (see IEC 60060-1:2010, Annex A) and an
oscillogram of the impulse voltage shall be taken. This procedure shall be carried out for at
least three different settings of the sphere-gap. The settings shall be so selected that their
50 % flashover voltages are approximately 50 %, 65 % and 80 % of the test level specified.
A curve showing the charging voltage as a function of the sphere-gap flashover voltage shall
be drawn for this positive polarity. This curve, which should be a straight line, shall be
extrapolated to determine the charging voltage necessary to obtain the specified level with
positive polarity.
The ratio of the voltage divider shall be so selected for this polarity as to take into account the
maximum flashover voltages for the sphere-gap and the voltage oscillograms that have to be
obtained. This value for the ratio of the voltage divider shall be used for all the oscillograms
taken in the course of the series of tests with this polarity.
B.3 Application of the impulses at the level specified
With the sphere-gap setting increased so that no flashover occurs across the gap, and with
the cable maintained at the required temperature, the test installation shall be subjected to a
series of 10 positive impulses at the voltage specified. The time interval between two
successive impulses shall be just sufficient to ensure that the impulse generator is charged at
the correct voltage.
Immediately after the application of the 10 positive impulses, the generator shall be
re-calibrated for negative polarity under the conditions specified in Clause B.2 and a series of
10 negative impulses of the same specified voltage shall then be applied to the test assembly.
Oscillograms shall be taken of at least the first and tenth impulses in each series. The
oscillograms shall include a timing oscillation.
The ambient temperature, the cable temperature and, where applicable, the gas or oil
pressure, shall be recorded during the test.
© IEC 2021
Annex C
(normative)
Test circuits for superimposed impulse voltage test
C.1 General
Figures C.1 and C.2 indicate possible configurations of the superimposed impulse voltage test
circuits.
Circuits using a blocking capacitor will require a higher voltage to be applied from the impulse
generator for a given output voltage at the test object than circuits using a spark gap (due to
the voltage drop across the blocking capacitor).
NOTE 1 When using a spark gap circuit (set at the impulse generator) and when the DC and impulse polarities
are opposite, the applied impulse voltage is similar to that impulse voltage when no DC voltage were present
(measured in 8.3); it is not the difference between the DC level and impulse level of opposite polarity.
NOTE 2 If the DC and impulse voltages are of the same polarity, the careful adjustment of the spark gap avoids
flashover under the DC voltage.
Coupling & blocking Wavefront
Coupling & blocking
spark gap resistor
resistor
Recording
instrument
Test object
HVDC Impulse
test set generator
Wavetail
resistor
Calibrated composite
measuring system
IEC
Figure C.1 – Spark gap setup using calibrated composite measuring
system capable of measuring HVDC and impulse
– 12 – IEC 60230:2018+AMD1:2021 CSV
© IEC 2021
Wavefront
Coupling & blocking
Coupling & blocking
resistor
resistor
capacitor
Recording
instrument
Test object
HVDC Impulse
Wavetail
test set generator
resistor
Calibrated composite
measuring system
IEC
Figure C.2 – Blocking capacitor setup using calibrated composite measuring system
capable of measuring HVDC and impulse
© IEC 2021
Bibliography
IEC 60060-2, High-voltage test techniques – Part 2: Measuring systems
IEC 60183, Guidance for the selection of high-voltage A.C. cable systems
Electra No. 189, Recommendations for tests of power transmission DC cables for a rated
voltage up to 800 kV, April 2000, pp 38-55
CIGRE TB 496, Recommendations for testing DC extruded cable systems for power
transmission at a rated voltage up to 500 kV
___________
– 14 – IEC 60230:2018+AMD1:2021 CSV
© IEC 2021
SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS . 15
1 Domaine d’application . 17
2 Références normatives . 17
3 Termes et définitions . 17
4 Caractéristiques de l’objet en essai, devant être soumis aux essais . 18
5 Etat de l’objet en essai, devant être soumis à l’essai . 18
6 Tension de choc de foudre . 18
7 Tension de choc de manœuvre . 18
8 Essai de tension de choc superposée . 18
8.1 Généralités . 18
8.2 Montage d’essai . 19
8.3 Paramètres de temps . 19
8.4 Application de la tension continue . 19
9 Système de mesure . 19
10 Application des chocs . 19
Annexe A (informative) Essais à niveaux supérieurs au niveau de tenue . 21
A.1 Généralités . 21
A.2 Procédure applicable aux essais à niveaux supérieurs au niveau de tenue . 21
A.2.1 Séquence générale des essais de choc de foudre . 21
A.2.2 Essais à niveaux supérieurs au niveau de tenue . 21
A.2.3 Réétalonnage du générateur. 21
Annexe B (normative) Étalonnage du générateur de tensions de choc . 22
B.1 Généralités . 22
B.2 Étalonnage du générateur de tensions de choc . 22
B.3 Application des chocs au niveau spécifié . 22
Annexe C (normative) Circuits d’essai pour essai de tension de choc superposée . 23
C.1 Généralités . 23
Bibliographie . 25
Figure C.1 – Montage avec éclateur utilisant un système de mesure composite
étalonné capable de mesurer le CCHT et les chocs . 23
Figure C.2 – Montage avec condensateur de blocage utilisant un système de mesure
composite étalonné capable mesurer le CCHT et les chocs . 24
© IEC 2021
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNICAL INTERNATIONALE
____________
ESSAIS DE CHOC DES CÂBLES ET DE LEURS ACCESSOIRES
AVANT-PROPOS
1) La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (IEC) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation
composée de l'ensemble des comités électrotechniques nationaux (Comités nationaux de l’IEC). L’IEC a pour
objet de favoriser la coopération internationale pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans les domaines
de l'électricité et de l'électronique. A cet effet, l’IEC – entre autres activités – publie des Normes internationales,
des Spécifications techniques, des Rapports techniques, des Spécifications accessibles au public (PAS) et des
Guides (ci-après dénommés "Publication(s) de l’IEC"). Leur élaboration est confiée à des comités d'études, aux
travaux desquels tout Comité national intéressé par le sujet traité peut participer. Les organisations
internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’IEC, participent également aux
travaux. L’IEC collabore étroitement avec l'Organisation Internationale de Normalisation (ISO), selon des
conditions fixées par accord entre les deux organisations.
2) Les décisions ou accords officiels de l’IEC concernant les questions techniques représentent, dans la mesure
du possible, un accord international sur les sujets étudiés, étant donné que les Comités nationaux de l’IEC
intéressés sont représentés dans chaque comité d’études.
3) Les Publications de l’IEC se présentent sous la forme de recommandations internationales et sont agréées
comme telles par les Comités nationaux de l’IEC. Tous les efforts raisonnables sont entrepris afin que l’IEC
s'assure de l'exactitude du contenu technique de ses publications; l’IEC ne peut pas être tenue responsable de
l'éventuelle mauvaise utilisation ou interprétation qui en est faite par un quelconque utilisateur final.
4) Dans le but d'encourager l'uniformité internationale, les Comités nationaux de l’IEC s'engagent, dans toute la
mesure possible, à appliquer de façon transparente les Publications de l’IEC dans leurs publications nationales
et régionales. Toutes divergences entre toutes Publications de l’IEC et toutes publications nationales ou
régionales correspondantes doivent être indiquées en termes clairs dans ces dernières.
5) L’IEC elle-même ne fournit aucune attestation de conformité. Des organismes de certification indépendants
fournissent des services d'évaluation de conformité et, dans certains secteurs, accèdent aux marques de
conformité de l’IEC. L’IEC n'est responsable d'aucun des services effectués par les organismes de certification
indépendants.
6) Tous les utilisateurs doivent s'assurer qu'ils sont en possession de la dernière édition de cette publication.
7) Aucune responsabilité ne doit être imputée à l’IEC, à ses administrateurs, employés, auxiliaires ou mandataires,
y compris ses experts particuliers et les membres de ses comités d'études et des Comités nationaux de l’IEC,
pour tout préjudice causé en cas de dommages corporels et matériels, ou de tout autre dommage de quelque
nature que ce soit, directe ou indirecte, ou pour supporter les coûts (y compris les frais de justice) et les
dépenses découlant de la publication ou de l'utilisation de cette Publication de l’IEC ou de toute autre
Publication de l’IEC, ou au crédit qui lui est accordé.
8) L’attention est attirée sur les références normatives citées dans cette publication. L'utilisation de publications
référencées est obligatoire pour une application correcte de la présente publication.
9) L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments de la présente Publication de l’IEC peuvent faire
l’objet de droits de brevet. L’IEC ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits
de brevets et de ne pas avoir signalé leur existence.
Cette version consolidée de la Norme IEC officielle et de son amendement a été
préparée pour la commodité de l'utilisateur.
L’IEC 60230 édition 2.1 contient la deuxième édition (2018-01) [documents
20/1769A/FDIS et 20/1779/RVD] et son amendement 1 (2021-12) [documents 20/1957/CDV
et 20/1989/RVC].
Dans cette version Redline, une ligne verticale dans la marge indique où le contenu
technique est modifié par l'amendement 1. Les ajouts sont en vert, les suppressions
sont en rouge, barrées. Une version Finale avec toutes les modifications acceptées est
disponible dans cette publication.
– 16 – IEC 60230:2018+AMD1:2021 CSV
© IEC 2021
La Norme internationale IEC 60230 a été établie par le comité d’études 20 de l’IEC: Câbles
électriques.
Cette deuxième constitue une révision technique.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l’édition
précédente:
a) la structure de la norme tient compte du modèle actuel des normes IEC;
b) le présent document n’est plus une “Recommandation” mais une “Norme internationale”;
c) l’installation d'essai n’est plus liée uniquement aux câbles à pression de gaz et aux câbles
à huile fluide;
d) des essais de tension de choc de manœuvre et des essais de tension de choc superposée
ont été intégrés;
e) pour le système de mesure, la référence à l’IEC 60060-2 a été ajoutée. La référence à la
méthode de l’éclateur à sphères a été intégrée dans l’Annexe B.
Cette publication a été rédigée selon les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2.
Le comité a décidé que le contenu de la publication de base et de son amendement ne sera
pas modifié avant la date de stabilité indiquée sur le site web de l’IEC sous webstore.iec.ch
dans les données relatives à la publication recherchée. A cette date, la publication sera
• reconduite,
• supprimée,
• remplacée par une édition révisée, ou
• amendée.
IMPORTANT – Le logo "colour inside" qui se trouve sur la page de couverture de cette
publication indique qu'elle contient des couleurs qui sont considérées comme utiles à
une bonne compréhension de son contenu. Les utilisateurs devraient, par conséquent,
imprimer cette publication en utilisant une imprimante couleur.
© IEC 2021
ESSAIS DE CHOC DES CÂBLES ET DE LEURS ACCESSOIRES
1 Domaine d’application
Le présent document définit la procédure pour la réalisation des essais de tenue au choc de
foudre et aux chocs de manœuvre et des essais de tenue au choc superposé appliqués aux
câbles et de leurs accessoires.
Ce document ne s’applique qu’aux méthodes d’essai en tant que telles, indépendamment du
choix des niveaux d’essai à spécifier. Les tensions associées au système sur lequel les
câbles et accessoires doivent être utilisés sont indiquées dans l’IEC 60183 ou dans la norme
de produit applicable.
Ce document spécifie les exigences suivantes:
• les caractéristiques et l’état de l’installation d’essai ainsi que les parties de la procédure
qui sont également applicables aux essais de tenue et aux essais à niveaux supérieurs
aux essais de tenue;
• la procédure pour la réalisation des essais de tenue au choc de foudre et aux chocs de
manœuvre, ainsi que des essais de choc superposé;
• la procédure pour la réalisation d’essais, à des fins de recherches, à des niveaux
supérieurs au niveau de tenue.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants cités dans le texte constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur contenu,
des exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée
s’applique. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence
s'applique (y compris les éventuels amendements).
IEC 60060-1:2010, Techniques des essais à haute tension – Partie 1: Définitions et exigences
générales
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions des normes de produit
applicables ainsi que les suivants s'appliquent.
L'ISO et l'IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées
en normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes:
• IEC Electropedia: disponible à l'adresse http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l'adresse http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
tension de choc superposée
tension de choc appliquée à un objet en essai qui est simultanément alimenté sous une
tension continue
Note 1 à l’article: La tension de choc superposée relève de la définition de tension composite indiquée dans
l’IEC 60060-1:2010, 9.2.
– 18 – IEC 60230:2018+AMD1:2021 CSV
© IEC 2021
4 Caractéristiques de l’objet en essai, devant être soumis aux essais
L’objet en essai doit avoir été préalablement soumis au protocole d’essai exigé par les
normes de produit IEC applicables.
En l’absence de spécification dans les normes de produit IEC de référence, les conditions
suivantes doivent être maintenues:
• Si l’objet en essai n’est destiné à inclure aucun autre accessoire, la longueur de
l’échantillon prélevé doit être telle que la longueur de câble libre entre les terminaisons
soit d’au moins 5 m.
• Lorsqu’une jonction est incluse dans l’objet en essai, la longueur minimale de câble libre
entre la jonction et les terminaisons doit être de 5 m. En présence de plusieurs jonctions,
la même exigence doit être observée et une longueur minimale de 3
...
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