IEC TR 61850-90-12:2015

Communication networks and systems for power utility automation - Part 90-12: Wide area network engineering guidelines

IEC TR 61850-90-12:2015(E) provides definitions, guidelines, and recommendations for the engineering of WANs, in particular for protection, control and monitoring based on IEC 61850 and related standards. It addresses substation-to-substation communication, substation-to-control centre and control centre-to-control centre communication. In particular, this Technical Report addresses the most critical aspects of IEC 61850 such as protection related data transmission via GOOSE and SMVs, and the multicast transfer of large volumes of synchrophasor data. The Technical Report addresses issues such as topology, redundancy, traffic latency and quality of service, traffic management, clock synchronization, security and maintenance of the network. This Technical Report contains use cases that show how utilities tackle their WAN engineering. This Technical Report is intended for an audience familiar with electrical power automation based on IEC 61850 and particularly for data network engineers and system integrators. It is intended to help them to understand the technologies, configure a wide area network, define requirements, write specifications, select components and conduct tests.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 22-Jul-2015
• ICS: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
• ICS: 33.200 - Telecontrol. Telemetering
• Technical Committee: TC 57 - Power systems management and associated information exchange
• Drafting Committee: WG 10 - TC 57/WG 10
• Current Stage: DELPUB - Deleted Publication
• Completion Date: 28-Jul-2020

Relations

• Revised: IEC TR 61850-90-12:2020 - Communication networks and systems for power utility automation - Part 90-12: Wide area network engineering guidelines
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC TR 61850-90-12 ®
Edition 1.0 2015-07
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Communication networks and systems for power utility automation –
Part 90-12: Wide area network engineering guidelines

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form

or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or

your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

IEC Central Office Tel.: [phone]
3, rue de Varembé Fax: [phone]

CH-1211 Geneva 20 [e-mail]
Switzerland www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.

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variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical English and French extracted from the Terms and Definitions
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced clause of IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries
and withdrawn publications. have been collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37,

77, 86 and CISPR.
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IEC TR 61850-90-12 ®
Edition 1.0 2015-07
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Communication networks and systems for power utility automation –

Part 90-12: Wide area network engineering guidelines

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 33.200 ISBN 978-2-8322-2806-7

– 2 – IEC TR 61850-90-12:2015 © IEC 2015

CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 11

INTRODUCTION . 13

1 Scope . 15

2 Normative references . 15

3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations, acronyms and symbols . 20

3.1 Terms and definitions . 20

3.2 Abbreviations and acronyms . 25
3.3 Network diagram symbols . 32
4 Wide Area Communication in electrical utilities . 34
4.1 Executive summary . 34
4.2 Use Case: ENDESA, Andalusia (Spain) . 36
4.3 Typical interface between a substation and the WAN . 38
4.4 WAN characteristics and actors . 39
4.5 SGAM Mapping . 40
4.6 Network elements and voltage level . 42
4.7 WAN interfaces in substation automation (IEC 61850-5) . 43
4.8 Logical interfaces and protocols in the TC57 Architecture IEC TR 62357 . 44
4.9 Network traffic and ownership . 45
5 WAN overall requirements and data transmission metrics . 45
5.1 Traffic types . 45
5.2 Quality of Service (QoS) of TDM and PSN . 46
5.3 Latency calculation . 46
5.3.1 Latency components . 46
5.3.2 Propagation delay . 46
5.3.3 Residence delay . 47
5.3.4 Latency accumulation . 47
5.3.5 Example: latency of a microwave system . 47
5.3.6 Latency and determinism . 47
5.3.7 Latency classes in IEC 61850-5 . 48
5.4 Jitter . 50
5.4.1 Jitter definition . 50
5.4.2 Jitter classes in IEC 61850 . 51

5.5 Latency symmetry and path congruency . 51
5.6 Medium asymmetry . 51
5.7 Communication speed symmetry . 52
5.8 Recovery delay . 52
5.9 Time accuracy . 52
5.9.1 Time accuracy definition . 52
5.9.2 Time accuracy classes. 53
5.10 Tolerance against failures . 54
5.10.1 Failure . 54
5.10.2 Reliability. 54
5.10.3 Redundancy principles. 55
5.10.4 Redundancy and reliability . 55
5.10.5 Redundancy checking . 56
5.10.6 Redundant layout: single point of failure . 57

5.10.7 Redundant layout: cross-redundancy . 57

5.10.8 Maintainability . 58

5.10.9 Availability . 58

5.10.10 Integrity . 60

5.10.11 Dependability . 62

5.10.12 Example: Dependability of GOOSE transmission . 62

6 Applications analysis . 62

6.1 Application kinds . 62

6.2 Teleprotection (IF2 & IF11) . 63

6.2.1 Teleprotection schemes . 63
6.2.2 Teleprotection data kinds . 64
6.2.3 Teleprotection requirements for latency . 64
6.2.4 Teleprotection requirements for latency asymmetry . 64
6.2.5 Teleprotection requirements for integrity . 64
6.2.6 Teleprotection summary . 65
6.3 Telecontrol (IF1, IF6) . 65
6.4 Substation to control centre (IF10) . 66
6.5 CMD (IF7) . 67
6.5.1 CMD overview . 67
6.5.2 CMD communication requirements . 67
6.6 Control Centre to Control Centre (IF12) . 67
6.7 Wide Area Monitoring System (IF13) . 68
6.7.1 WAMS overview . 68
6.7.2 WAMS topology . 68
6.7.3 WAMS communication requirements . 70
6.8 Wide area monitoring, protection and control (WAMPAC) IF13 . 71
6.8.1 WAMPAC overview . 71
6.8.2 WAMPAC communication requirements . 71
6.8.3 Use case WAMPAC . 73
6.9 Wind turbines and wind virtual power plants . 74
6.10 Distributed Energy and Renewables (DER) . 74
6.11 Summary of communication requirements for WAN . 74
7 Wide-area and real-time network technologies. 75
7.1 Introduction . 75
7.2 Topology . 75

7.3 Overview. 76
7.4 Layer 1 (physical) transmission media . 78
7.4.1 Summary . 78
7.4.2 Installation guidelines . 78
7.4.3 Metallic lines . 79
7.4.4 Power line carrier (PLC) . 80
7.4.5 Radio transmission . 84
7.4.6 Fiber optics. 89
7.4.7 Layer 1 redundancy . 96
7.4.8 Use case: Diverse redundancy against extreme contingencies (Hydro-
Quebec) . 97
7.4.9 Layer 1 security . 98
7.5 Layer 1,5 (physical) multiplexing . 98
7.6 Layer 2 (link) technolo
...

IEC TR 61850-90-12 ®
Edition 1.0 2015-07
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Communication networks and systems for power utility automation –
Part 90-12: Wide area network engineering guidelines
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

IEC Central Office Tel.: [phone]
3, rue de Varembé Fax: [phone]
CH-1211 Geneva 20 [e-mail]
Switzerland www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.

IEC Catalogue - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The stand-alone application for consulting the entire The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and
bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, electrical terms containing more than 30 000 terms and
Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in 15
documents. Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and additional languages. Also known as the International
iPad. Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) online.

IEC publications search - www.iec.ch/searchpub IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a More than 60 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical English and French extracted from the Terms and Definitions
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced clause of IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries
and withdrawn publications. have been collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37,

77, 86 and CISPR.
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished

Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
details all new publications released. Available online and If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or
also once a month by email. need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: [e-mail].
IEC TR 61850-90-12 ®
Edition 1.0 2015-07
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Communication networks and systems for power utility automation –

Part 90-12: Wide area network engineering guidelines

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 33.200 ISBN 978-2-8322-2806-7

– 2 – IEC TR 61850-90-12:2015 © IEC 2015
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 11
INTRODUCTION . 13
1 Scope . 15
2 Normative references . 15
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations, acronyms and symbols . 20
3.1 Terms and definitions . 20
3.2 Abbreviations and acronyms . 25
3.3 Network diagram symbols . 32
4 Wide Area Communication in electrical utilities . 34
4.1 Executive summary . 34
4.2 Use Case: ENDESA, Andalusia (Spain) . 36
4.3 Typical interface between a substation and the WAN . 38
4.4 WAN characteristics and actors . 39
4.5 SGAM Mapping . 40
4.6 Network elements and voltage level . 42
4.7 WAN interfaces in substation automation (IEC 61850-5) . 43
4.8 Logical interfaces and protocols in the TC57 Architecture IEC TR 62357 . 44
4.9 Network traffic and ownership . 45
5 WAN overall requirements and data transmission metrics . 45
5.1 Traffic types . 45
5.2 Quality of Service (QoS) of TDM and PSN . 46
5.3 Latency calculation . 46
5.3.1 Latency components . 46
5.3.2 Propagation delay . 46
5.3.3 Residence delay . 47
5.3.4 Latency accumulation . 47
5.3.5 Example: latency of a microwave system . 47
5.3.6 Latency and determinism . 47
5.3.7 Latency classes in IEC 61850-5 . 48
5.4 Jitter . 50
5.4.1 Jitter definition . 50
5.4.2 Jitter classes in IEC 61850 . 51
5.5 Latency symmetry and path congruency . 51
5.6 Medium asymmetry . 51
5.7 Communication speed symmetry . 52
5.8 Recovery delay . 52
5.9 Time accuracy . 52
5.9.1 Time accuracy definition . 52
5.9.2 Time accuracy classes. 53
5.10 Tolerance against failures . 54
5.10.1 Failure . 54
5.10.2 Reliability. 54
5.10.3 Redundancy principles. 55
5.10.4 Redundancy and reliability . 55
5.10.5 Redundancy checking . 56
5.10.6 Redundant layout: single point of failure . 57

5.10.7 Redundant layout: cross-redundancy . 57
5.10.8 Maintainability . 58
5.10.9 Availability . 58
5.10.10 Integrity . 60
5.10.11 Dependability . 62
5.10.12 Example: Dependability of GOOSE transmission . 62
6 Applications analysis . 62
6.1 Application kinds . 62
6.2 Teleprotection (IF2 & IF11) . 63
6.2.1 Teleprotection schemes . 63
6.2.2 Teleprotection data kinds . 64
6.2.3 Teleprotection requirements for latency . 64
6.2.4 Teleprotection requirements for latency asymmetry . 64
6.2.5 Teleprotection requirements for integrity . 64
6.2.6 Teleprotection summary . 65
6.3 Telecontrol (IF1, IF6) . 65
6.4 Substation to control centre (IF10) . 66
6.5 CMD (IF7) . 67
6.5.1 CMD overview . 67
6.5.2 CMD communication requirements . 67
6.6 Control Centre to Control Centre (IF12) . 67
6.7 Wide Area Monitoring System (IF13) . 68
6.7.1 WAMS overview . 68
6.7.2 WAMS topology . 68
6.7.3 WAMS communication requirements . 70
6.8 Wide area monitoring, protection and control (WAMPAC) IF13 . 71
6.8.1 WAMPAC overview . 71
6.8.2 WAMPAC communication requirements . 71
6.8.3 Use case WAMPAC . 73
6.9 Wind turbines and wind virtual power plants . 74
6.10 Distributed Energy and Renewables (DER) . 74
6.11 Summary of communication requirements for WAN . 74
7 Wide-area and real-time network technologies. 75
7.1 Introduction . 75
7.2 Topology . 75
7.3 Overview. 76
7.4 Layer 1 (physical) transmission media . 78
7.4.1 Summary . 78
7.4.2 Installation guidelines . 78
7.4.3 Metallic lines . 79
7.4.4 Power line carrier (PLC) . 80
7.4.5 Radio transmission . 84
7.4.6 Fiber optics. 89
7.4.7 Layer 1 redundancy . 96
7.4.8 Use case: Diverse redundancy against extreme contingencies (Hydro-
Quebec) . 97
7.4.9 Layer 1 security . 98
7.5 Layer 1,5 (physical) multiplexing . 98
7.6 Layer 2 (link) technologies . 99
...