CISPR 12:2007+AMD1:2009 CSV

Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of off-board receivers

CISPR 12:2007+A1:2009 The limits in this International Standard are designed to provide protection for broadcast receivers in the frequency range of 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz when used in the residential environment. Compliance with this standard may not provide adequate protection for new types of radio transmissions or receivers used in the residential environment nearer than 10 m to the vehicle, boat or device. This standard applies to the emission of electromagnetic energy which may cause interference to radio reception and which is emitted from
a) vehicles propelled by an internal combustion engine, electrical means or both;
b) boats propelled by an internal combustion engine, electrical means or both. Boats are to be tested in the same manner as vehicles except where they have unique characteristics as explicitly stated in this standard;
c) devices equipped with internal combustion engines.
The following changes were made with respect to the previous edition:
- deletion of narrowband / broadband determination;
- general improvement of wording.
This consolidated version consists of the sixth edition (2007) and its amendment 1 (2009). Therefore, no need to order amendment in addition to this publication.

Véhicules, bateaux et moteurs à combustion interne - Caractéristiques de perturbation radioélectrique - Limites et méthodes de mesure pour la protection des récepteurs extérieurs

CISPR 12:2007+A1:2009 Les limites données dans la présente Norme internationale sont prévues pour assurer la protection des récepteurs de radiodiffusion dans la bande de fréquences de 30 MHz à1 000 MHz utilisés dans un environnement résidentiel. La conformité à la présente norme peut ne pas fournir une protection adéquate pour les nouveaux types d'émissions radioélectriques ou pour les récepteurs utilisés dans un environnement résidentiel à moins de 10 m d'un véhicule, d'un bateau ou d'un engin. La présente norme concerne le rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique susceptible de brouiller la réception des radiocommunications et qui est produit par
a) des véhicules entraînés par un moteur à combustion interne, par des moyens électriques, ou par les deux;
b) des bateaux propulsés par un moteur à combustion interne, par des moyens électriques, ou par les deux. Les bateaux doivent être essayés de la même manière que les véhicules, excepté lorsqu'ils ont des caractéristiques particulières telles qu'elles sont explicitement fixées dans cette norme;
c) des engins équipés de moteurs à combustion interne.
Les principaux changements par rapport à la précédente édition incluent:
- l'élimination de la détermination bande étroite / large bande;
- le progrès général de la formulation.
Cette version consolidée comprend la sixième édition (2007) et son amendement 1 (2009). Il n'est donc pas nécessaire de commander l'amendement avec cette publication.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-2009
• ICS: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
• ICS: 27.020 - Internal combustion engines
• ICS: 33.100.10 - Emission
• Technical Committee: D - Electromagnetic disturbances related to electric/electronic equipment on vehicles and internal combustion engine powered devices
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 10-Mar-2009
• Completion Date: 10-Mar-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

CISPR 12
®
Edition 6.1 2009-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL SPÉCIAL DES PERTURBATIONS RADIOÉLECTRIQUES
Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines – Radio disturbance
characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of
off-board receivers

Véhicules, bateaux et moteurs à combustion interne – Caractéristiques de
perturbation radioélectrique – Limites et méthodes de mesure pour la protection
des récepteurs extérieurs
CISPR 12:2007+A1:2009

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
CISPR 12
®
Edition 6.1 2009-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL SPÉCIAL DES PERTURBATIONS RADIOÉLECTRIQUES
Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines – Radio disturbance
characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of
off-board receivers

Véhicules, bateaux et moteurs à combustion interne – Caractéristiques de
perturbation radioélectrique – Limites et méthodes de mesure pour la protection
des récepteurs extérieurs

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CP
CODE PRIX
ICS 27.020; 33.100.10 ISBN 978-2-88910-004-0
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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– 2 – CISPR 12 © IEC:2007+A1:2009
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5
INTRODUCTION.7

1 Scope.8
2 Normative references .9
3 Terms and definitions .9
4 Limits of disturbance .11
4.1 Determination of conformance of vehicle/boat/device with limits.11
4.2 Peak and quasi-peak detector limits .13
4.3 Average detector limit.13
5 Methods of measurement .14
5.1 Measuring instrument .14
5.1.1 Spectrum analyser parameters .15
5.1.2 Scanning receiver parameters .15
5.1.3 Antenna types .16
5.1.4 Accuracy .16
5.2 Measuring location requirements .17
5.2.1 Outdoor test site (OTS) requirements .17
5.2.2 Absorber lined shielded enclosure (ALSE) requirements.19
5.2.3 Antenna requirements .20
5.3 Test object conditions.22
5.3.1 General .22
5.3.2 Vehicles and boats .22
5.3.3 Devices .23
5.4 Data collection .24
6 Methods of checking for compliance with CISPR requirements .24
6.1 General .24
6.2 Application of limit curves.24
6.2.1 Measurements under dry conditions .24
6.2.2 Measurements under wet conditions.24
6.3 Evaluation (general) .25
6.4 Type approval test.25
6.4.1 Single sample.25
6.4.2 Multiple samples (optional) .25
6.5 Surveillance (quality audit) of series production.25
6.5.1 Single sample.25
6.5.2 Multiple samples (optional) .25
6.6 Quick prototype check for development testing (optional, quasi-peak detector

emissions only) .25

Annex A (normative) Statistical analysis of the results of measurements .26
Annex B (normative) Procedure to determine an alternative emission limit for
measurements at 3 m antenna distance.28

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CISPR 12 © IEC:2007+A1:2009 – 3 –
Annex C (informative) Antenna and transmission line maintenance and
characterization .30
Annex D (informative) Construction features of motor vehicles affecting the emission
of ignition noise .35
Annex E (informative) Measurement of the insertion loss of ignition noise suppressors.36
Annex F (informative) Methods of measurement to determine the attenuation
characteristics of ignition noise suppressors for high voltage ignition systems .42
Annex G (informative) Flow chart for checking the applicability of CISPR 12.52
Annex H (informative) Items under consideration .54

Bibliography.55

Figure 1 – Method of determination of conformance.12
Figure 2 – Limit of disturbance (peak and quasi-peak detector) at 10 m antenna
distance.13
Figure 3 – Limits of disturbance (average detector) at 10 m antenna distance .14
Figure 4 – Measuring site (OTS) for vehicles and devices.18
Figure 5 – Measuring site (OTS) for boats .19
Figure 6 – Antenna position to measure emissions – Vertical polarization.20
Figure 7 – Antenna position to measure emissions – Horizontal polarization.21
Figure B.1 – Determination of the maximum antenna angle.28
Figure B.2 – Calculation of the resulting gain reduction a.29
Figure C.1 – Alternate antenna factor determination (10 m antenna distance).34
Figure E.1 – Test circuit.38
Figure E.2 – General arrangement of the test box.38
Figure E.3 – Details of the test box lid .39
Figure E.4 – Details of the test box .39
Figure E.5 – Straight spark-plug ignition noise suppressor (screened or unscreened) .40
Figure E.6 – Right-angle spark-plug ignition noise suppressor (screened or
unscreened).40
Figure E.7 – Noise suppression spark-plug .40
Figure E.8 – Resistive distributor brush .40
Figure E.9 – Noise suppressor in distributor cap .41
Figure E.10 – Noise suppression distributor rotor.41
Figure E.11 – Noise suppression ignition cable (resistive or reactive) .41
Figure F.1 – Test set-up, side view .44
Figure F.2 – Test set-up, top view.45
Figure F.3 – Pressure chamber with ventilation.46
Figure F.4 – Top view of the set-up of a right-angle ignition noise suppressor for
distributors.47
Figure F.5 – Location of high voltage ignition components .48
Figure F.6 – Top view of the test set-up for distributor rotors .49

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Figure F.7 – Side view of the test set-up for ready-to-use resistive ignition cables .50

Table 1 – Spectrum analyser parameters.15
Table 2 – Scanning receiver parameters .15
Table 3 – Internal combustion engine operating speeds.23
Table A.1 – Statistical factors .26
Table A.2 – Example of frequency sub-bands .27
Table F.1 – Limits .42

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CISPR 12 © IEC:2007+A1:2009 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
____________

VEHICLES, BOATS AND INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES –
RADIO DISTURBANCE CHARACTERISTICS –
LIMITS AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENT FOR THE PROTECTION
OF OFF-BOARD RECEIVERS



FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
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between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
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5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard CISPR 12 has been prepared by CISPR subcommittee D:
Electromagnetic disturbances related to electric/electronic equipment on vehicles and internal
combustion powered devices.
This consolidated version of CISPR 12 consists of the sixth edition (2007) [documents
CISPR/D/322/CDV and CISPR/D/341/RVC] and its amendment 1 (2009) [documents
CISPR/D/354/CDV and CISPR/D/361/RVC].
The technical content is therefore identical to the base edition and its amendment and has
been prepared for user convenience.
It bears the edition number 6.1.

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– 6 – CISPR 12 © IEC:2007+A1:2009
A vertical line in the margin shows where the base publication has been modified by
amendment 1.
The following changes were made with respect to the previous edition:
– deletion of narrowband / broadband determination
– general improvement of wording
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendments will
remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date,
the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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CISPR 12 © IEC:2007+A1:2009 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
There is a specific need for standards to define acceptable radio frequency performance of all
electrical/electronic products. CISPR 12 has been developed to serve the road vehicle and
related industries with test methods and limits that provide satisfactory protection for radio
reception.
CISPR 12 has been used for many years as a regulatory requirement in numerous countries,
to provide protection for radio receivers in the residential environment. It has been extremely
effective in protecting the radio environment outside the vehicle.

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VEHICLES, BOATS AND INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES –
RADIO DISTURBANCE CHARACTERISTICS –
LIMITS AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENT FOR THE PROTECTION
OF OFF-BOARD RECEIVERS



1 Scope

Residential Environment
The limits in this International Standard are
designed to provide protection for broadcast
receivers in the frequency range of 30 MHz
to 1 000 MHz when used in the residential
environment. Compliance with this standard
may not provide adequate protection for new
types of radio transmissions or receivers
used in the residential environment nearer
than 10 m to the vehicle, boat or device.
NOTE 1 Experience has shown that compliance with
this standard may provide satisfactory protection for

receivers of other types of transmissions when used in
the residential environment, including radio
transmissions in frequency ranges other than that
specified.
This standard applies to the emission of electromagnetic energy which may cause
interference to radio reception and which is emitted from
a) vehicles propelled by an internal combustion engine, electrical means or both (see 3.1);
b) boats propelled by an internal combustion engine, electrical means or both (see 3.2).
Boats are to be tested in the same manner as vehicles except where they have unique
characteristics as explicitly stated in this standard;
c) devices equipped with internal combustion engines or traction batteries (see 3.3).
See Annex G for a flow chart to help determine the applicability of CISPR 12.
This standard does not apply to aircrafts, household appliances, traction systems (railway,
tramway and electric trolley bus), or to incomplete vehicles. In the case of a dual-mode trolley
bus (e.g. propelled by power from either a.c./d.c. mains or an internal combustion engine), the
internal combustion propulsion system shall be included, but the a.c./d.c. mains portion of the
vehicle propulsion system shall be excluded from this standard.
NOTE 2 Protection of receivers used on board the same vehicle as the disturbance source(s) are covered by
CISPR 25.
The measurement of electromagnetic disturbances while the vehicle is connected to power
mains for charging is not covered in this standard. The user is referred to appropriate IEC and
CISPR standards which define measurement techniques and limits for this condition.
Annex H lists work being considered for future revisions.

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CISPR 12 © IEC:2007+A1:2009 – 9 –
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-161, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 161: Electro-
magnetic compatibility
CISPR 16-1-1:2006, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Measuring
apparatus
CISPR 16-1-3:2004, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 1-3: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Ancillary
equipment – Disturbance power
CISPR 16-1-4:2007, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 1-4: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Ancillary
equipment – Radiated disturbances
CISPR 16-2-3:2006, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 2-3: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity – Radiated
disturbance measurements
CISPR 25, Radio disturbance characteristics for the protection of receivers used on board
vehicles, boats, and on devices – Limits and methods of measurement
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions contained in IEC 60050-161 as
well as the following apply.
3.1
vehicle
machine operating on land which is intended to carry persons or goods
NOTE Vehicles include, but are not limited to, cars, trucks, buses, mopeds, agricultural machinery, earth-moving
machinery, material-handling equipment, mining equipment, floor treatment machines and snowmobiles.
3.2
boat
vessel intended to be used on the surface of water, its length being no greater than 15 m
3.3
device
machine driven by an internal combustion engine which is not primarily intended to carry
persons or goods
NOTE Devices include, but are not limited to, chainsaws, irrigation pumps, snow blowers, air compressors, walk-
behind floor treatment machines and landscaping equipment.
3.4
impulsive ignition noise
unwanted emission of electromagnetic energy, predominantly impulsive in content, arising
from the ignition system within a vehicle, boat or device

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– 10 – CISPR 12 © IEC:2007+A1:2009
3.5
ignition noise suppressor
that portion of a high-voltage ignition circuit intended to limit the emission of impulsive ignition
noise
3.6
outdoor test site (OTS)
measurement site similar to an open area test site as specified in CISPR 16, however a
ground plane is not required and there are dimensional changes
NOTE Specific requirements are defined in this document.
3.7
resistive distributor brush
resistive pick-up brush in an ignition distributor cap
3.8
frequency sub-band
segment of the frequency spectrum (30 MHz to 1 000 MHz) defined to enable statistical
evaluation of the test data acquired by swept frequency testing
3.9
representative frequency
assigned frequency of a frequency sub-band to be used for comparison of the data to the limit
3.10
characteristic level
controlling (or dominant) emission level experienced in each frequency sub-band. The
characteristic level is the maximum measurement obtained for both antenna polarizations and
for all the specified measurement positions of the vehicle, boat or device. Known ambient
signals are not considered part of the characteristic level.
3.11
tracking generator
test signal oscillator (continuous wave, cw) that is frequency locked to the receive frequency
of a measuring instrument
3.12
RF disturbance power
RF power measured with a current transformer of an absorbing clamp and an RF measuring
instrument. It may be measured – as the RF disturbance voltage – in a peak or quasi-peak
mode
3.13
spark discharge
in this document, the discharge of energy stored in the ignition coil, in an arc across the
electrodes of a measuring spark-plug
3.14
resistive high-voltage (HV) ignition cable
ignition cable whose conductor has a high resistance (attenuation)
3.15
residential environment
environment having a 10 m protection distance between the source and the point of radio
reception and where the source uses the public low voltage power system or battery power
NOTE Examples of a residential environment include rooming houses, private dwellings, entertainment halls,
theatres, schools, public streets, etc.

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CISPR 12 © IEC:2007+A1:2009 – 11 –
3.16
traction batteries
high power batteries used for electric vehicle traction applications
4 Limits of disturbance
4.1 Determination of conformance of vehicle/boat/device with limits
In the 30 MHz – 1 GHz frequency range, the vehicle/boat/device shall comply with both:
• average limits when the vehicle/boat/device is in “Key-On, Engine-Off” mode (see 5.3.2.1),
and
• peak or quasi-peak limits when the vehicle/boat/device is in “Engine-Running” mode (see
5.3.2.2)
The limits given in this standard take into account uncertainties.
Figure 1 defines the method for determination of conformance.

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– 12 – CISPR 12 © IEC:2007+A1:2009


Start
"Engine- Running mode"
"Key- On, Engine- Off" operating

operating conditions
conditions


...