IEC 60728-12:2017

Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services - Part 12: Electromagnetic compatibility of systems

IEC 60728-12:2017(E) applies to the radiation characteristics and immunity to electromagnetic disturbance of cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services and covers the frequency range 0,15 MHz to 3,5 GHz. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2001. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) IEC 60728-12 with its methods of measurement and EMC performance requirements is explicitly dedicated to “under operating conditions (in situ)” to ensure the ongoing EMC integrity of cable networks.
b) The first intermediate frequency range (1st IF range) for satellite signal transmission was extended to cover now frequencies from 950 MHz up to 3 500 MHz.
c) The method of measurement and the requirements for in-band immunity were extended taking into account the new EMC environment due to the allocation of broadband wireless services in the frequency band 694 MHz to 862 MHz. As a consequence, the limits of in-band immunity were specified for analogue and additionally for digital signals in this frequency range.
d) The substitution method of measurement (power method) was deleted.
e) EMC measurements below 30 MHz were deleted.
f) New Annex D “Measurements at other distances than the standard distance of 3 m”.
g) New Annex E “GPS based leakage detection system for cable networks”.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 18-Jun-2017
• ICS: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
• ICS: 33.060.40 - Cabled distribution systems
• ICS: 33.100.01 - Electromagnetic compatibility in general
• Technical Committee: TA 5 - Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services
• Drafting Committee: WG 2 - TC 100/WG 2
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 16-Jun-2017
• Completion Date: 19-Jun-2017

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 60728-12
®

Edition 2.0 2017-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD



Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services –
Part 12: Electromagnetic compatibility of systems
IEC 60728-12:2017-06(en)

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IEC 60728-12

®


Edition 2.0 2017-06




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD



















Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services –

Part 12: Electromagnetic compatibility of systems



























INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL


COMMISSION





ICS 33.060.40; 33.100.01 ISBN 978-2-8322-4364-0



  Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.


® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission

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– 2 – IEC 60728-12:2017 © IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 10
4 Methods of measurement . 11
4.1 Basic principles . 11
4.2 Radiation from cable networks . 11
4.2.1 General . 11
4.2.2 Field strength method . 11
4.2.3 Subcarrier measurement procedure . 13
4.2.4 GPS based leakage detection system . 13
4.3 Immunity of cable networks . 14
4.3.1 General . 14
4.3.2 Measurement procedure for interference caused by high-power local
outdoor transmitter . 14
5 Performance requirements. 14
5.1 General conditions . 14
5.2 Radiation from cable networks and other sources . 15
5.2.1 General . 15
5.2.2 Measurement of the total radiation . 15
5.2.3 Measurement of narrowband radiation . 15
5.3 Immunity of cable networks . 16
Annex A (informative) Information on legal requirements in some countries . 17
A.1 Legislation in Germany . 17
A.2 Requirements in Germany . 17
A.3 Reference for legislation in Germany . 19
Annex B (informative) Frequency ranges of typical safety of life services . 20
Annex C (informative) Interdependence between the maximum allowable field strength
and the minimum signal level at system outlet . 21
Annex D (normative) Measurements at other distances than the standard distance of
3 m . 23
D.1 Measurement at a reduced distance below 3 m . 23
D.2 Measurement at measurement distances above 3 m . 23
Annex E (informative) GPS based leakage detection system for cable networks . 24
E.1 General . 24
E.2 Automated data collection by driving through the HFC network . 24
E.3 Tagging of the signal . 24
E.4 Post-processing the collected data and visualization of leakages . 24
E.5 On-site location of the leak . 24
Bibliography . 25

Table 1 – Limits of total radiation . 15
Table 2 – Narrowband radiation limits . 15

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IEC 60728-12:2017 © IEC 2017 – 3 –
Table 3 – Maximum expected field strength . 16
Table 4 – Required carrier-to-interference ratio . 16
Table A.1 – Protection of particular frequency ranges according to § 3 of the Order . 18
Table A.2 – Field strength limit values at a 3 m distance from line-bound
telecommunications facilities and networks . 19
Table B.1 – Frequency ranges of typical safety of life services . 20

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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

CABLE NETWORKS FOR TELEVISION SIGNALS,
SOUND SIGNALS AND INTERACTIVE SERVICES –

Part 12: Electromagnetic compatibility of systems

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
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2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
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3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60728-12 has been prepared by technical area 5: Cable networks
for television signals, sound signals and interactive services, of IEC technical committee 100:
Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2001. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) IEC 60728-12 with its methods of measurement and EMC performance requirements is
explicitly dedicated to “under operating conditions (in situ)” to ensure the ongoing EMC
integrity of cable networks.
b) The first intermediate frequency range (1st IF range) for satellite signal transmission was
extended to cover now frequencies from 950 MHz up to 3 500 MHz.

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IEC 60728-12:2017 © IEC 2017 – 5 –
c) The method of measurement and the requirements for in-band immunity were extended
taking into account the new EMC environment due to the allocation of broadband wireless
services in the frequency band 694 MHz to 862 MHz. As a consequence, the limits of in-
band immunity were specified for analogue and additionally for digital signals in this
frequency range.
d) The substitution method of measurement (power method) was deleted.
e) EMC measurements below 30 MHz were deleted.
f) New Annex D “Measurements at other distances than the standard distance of 3 m”.
g) New Annex E “GPS based leakage detection system for cable networks”.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
100/2895/FDIS 100/2926/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The reader's attention is drawn to the fact that Annex A lists all of the “in-some-country”
clauses on differing practices of a less permanent nature relating to the subject of this
standard.
A list of all parts in the IEC 60728 series, published under the general title Cable networks for
television signals, sound signals and interactive services, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

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– 6 – IEC 60728-12:2017 © IEC 2017
INTRODUCTION
Standards and deliverables of the IEC 60728 series deal with cable networks including
equipment and associated methods of measurement for headend reception, processing and
distribution of television and sound signals, and for processing, interfacing and transmitting all
kinds of data signals for interactive services using all applicable transmission media. These
signals are typically transmitted in networks by frequency-multiplexing techniques.
This includes, for instance:
• regional and local broadband cable networks,
• extended satellite and terrestrial television distribution systems,
• individual satellite and terrestrial television receiving systems,
and all kinds of equipment, systems and installations used in such cable networks, distribution
and receiving systems.
The extent of this standardization work is from the antennas and/or special interfaces to the
headend or other interface points to the network up to any terminal interface of the equipment
on the customer's premises.
The standardization work will consider coexistence with users of the RF spectrum in wired
and wireless transmission systems.
The standardization of any user terminals (i.e. tuners, receivers, decoders, multimedia
terminals, etc.) as well as of any coaxial, balanced and optical cables and accessories thereof
is excluded.

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IEC 60728-12:2017 © IEC 2017 – 7 –
CABLE NETWORKS FOR TELEVISION SIGNALS,
SOUND SIGNALS AND INTERACTIVE SERVICES –

Part 12: Electromagnetic compatibility of systems



1 Scope
This part of IEC 60728 applies to the radiation characteristics and immunity to
electromagnetic disturbance of cable networks for television signals, sound signals and
interactive services and covers the frequency range 0,15 MHz to 3,5 GHz.
NOTE 1 Measurements below 30 MHz are not generally considered useful in the context of cable networks and
are difficult to perform in practice.
This document specifies methods of measurement and EMC performance requirements under
operating conditions (in situ) to ensure the ongoing EMC integrity of cable networks.
Cable networks beyond the system outlets (e.g. the receiver lead, in simplest terms) that
begin at the system outlet and end at the input to the subscriber's terminal equipment are not
covered by this document. Requirements for the electromagnetic compatibility of receiver
leads are specified in IEC 60966-2-4, IEC 60966-2-5 and IEC 60966-2-6.
Cable networks and a wide range of radio services have to coexist. These include, for
example, the emergency services, safety of life, broadcasting, aeronautical, radio navigation
services and also land, mobile, amateur and cellular radio services. Frequency ranges of
typical safety of life services are listed in Annex B. Additional protection for certain services
may be required by national regulations. Annex A gives information on legal requirements in
certain countries.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-161:1990, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Chapter 161:
Electromagnetic compatibility (available at: www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60096 (all parts), Radio frequency cables
IEC 60728 (all parts), Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive
services
CISPR 16-1-1, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods – Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Measuring
apparatus
CISPR 16-1-4, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods – Part 1-4: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Antennas and
test sites for radiated disturbance measurements

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3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-161 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
building penetration loss
ability of buildings, in which networks for distribution of television and sound are located, to
attenuate the influence of electromagnetic fields from outside the buildings or to suppress the
radiation of electromagnetic fields from inside the buildings
3.1.2
carrier-to-interference ratio
minimum level difference measured at the output of an active equipment or at any other
interface within the network between the wanted signal and
• intermodulation products of the wanted signal and/or unwanted signals generated due to
non-linearities,
• harmonics generated by an unwanted signal,
• unwanted signals that have penetrated into the operating frequency range,
• unwanted signals that have been converted to the frequency range to be protected
(operating frequency range)
3.1.3
degradation
undesired departure in the operational performance of any device,
equipment or system from its intended performance
Note 1 to entry: The term "degradation" can apply to temporary or permanent failure.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-01-19]
3.1.4
disturbance level
level of an electromagnetic disturbance at a given location, which results from all contributing
(interference) sources
3.1.5
electromagnetic disturbance
any electromagnetic phenomenon which can degrade the performance of a device, equipment
or system, or adversely affect living or inert matter
Note 1 to entry: An electromagnetic disturbance can be an electromagnetic noise, an unwanted signal or a
change in the propagation medium itself.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-01-05]

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IEC 60728-12:2017 © IEC 2017 – 9 –
3.1.6
electromagnetic interference
EMI
degradation of the performance of an equipment, transmission channel or system caused by
an electromagnetic disturbance
Note 1 to entry In French, the terms "perturbation électromagnétique" and "brouillage électromagnétique"
designate respectively the cause and the effect, and should not be used indiscriminately.
Note 2 to entry In English, the terms "electromagnetic disturbance" and "electromagnetic interference" designate
respectively the cause and the effect, but they are often used indiscriminately.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-01-06]
3.1.7
electromagnetic radiation
radiation
1) phenomenon by which energy in the form of electromagnetic waves emanates from a
source into space
2) energy transferred through space in the form of electromagnetic waves
Note 1 to entry: By extension, the term "electromagnetic radiation" sometimes also covers induction phenomena.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-01-10]
3.1.8
external immunity
ability of a device, equipment or network to perform without degradation in the presence of
electromagnetic disturbances entering other than via its normal input terminals or antennas
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-03-07]
3.1.9
headend
equipment that is connected between receiving antennas or other signal sources and the
remainder of the cable network, to process the signals to be distributed
Note 1 to entry: The headend can, for example, comprise antenna amplifiers, frequency converters, combiners,
separators and generators.
3.1.10
ignition noise
unwanted emission of electromagnetic energy arising from the ignition system within a vehicle
or device
Note 1 to entry: Ignition noise is predominantly impulsive in content.
3.1.11
immunity
ability of a device, equipment or system to perform without degradation in
the presence of an electromagnetic disturbance
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-01-20]
3.1.12
internal immunity
ability of a device, equipment or system to perform without degradation in the presence of
electromagnetic disturbances appearing at its normal input terminals or antennas
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-03-06]

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3.1.13
operating frequency range
passband for the wanted signals for which the equipment has been designed
3.1.14
receiver lead
lead that connects the system outlet to the subscriber's equipment
3.1.15
screening effectiveness
ability of equipment or a system to attenuate the influence of electromagnetic fields from
outside the equipment or system or to suppress the radiation of electromagnetic fields from
inside the equipment or system
3.1.16
spur network
cable network normally laid out inside buildings to which splitters, subscriber's taps or looped
system outlets are connected
3.1.17
subscriber's feeder
feeder connecting a subscriber's tap to a system outlet or, where the latter is not used,
directly to the subscriber's equipment
Note 1 to entry: A subscriber's feeder can include filters and balun transformer.
3.1.18
system outlet
device for interconnecting a subscriber's feeder and a receiver lead
3.2 Abbreviated terms
AM Amplitude Modulation
DSC Distress, Safety and Calling
DVB Digital Video Broadcasting
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
EMI Electromagnetic Interference
EPIRB Emergency Position Indicating Radiobeacons
FM Frequency Modulation
GPS Global Positioning System
HFC Hybrid Fibre Coax
IEV International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
ILS Instrument Landing System
LAS Leakage Analysis Software
MIL Military (use)
NAV (Aeronautical) Navigation (Radio)
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
RF Radio Frequency
SAT-IF Satellite Intermediate Frequency
TV Television
VOR VHF Omnidirectional Range

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IEC 60728-12:2017 © IEC 2017 – 11 –
VSB Vestigial Side Band
4 Methods of measurement
4.1 Basic principles
These methods of measurement describe the procedures for the testing of cable networks.
The purpose of the measurements is to determine:
• the level of radiation generated by cable networks, and
• the immunity of cable networks to external field strengths (e.g. those radiated by other
radiocommunication services and RF applications).
The measurements cover the essential parameters and environmental conditions in order to
assess cases of electromagnetic incompatibility between cable networks and other electrical
or electronic equipment, networks, installations or other cabled networks with respect to the
intended operation of such cable networks.
During the test, the cable network shall operate within its normal operating conditions, e.g.
with regard to the signal level and signal quality at the system outlets.
NOTE Methods of measurement for radiated digitally modulated signals are under consideration. For digital
egress measurements, where the level of emission is such that the signal is indeterminate from the general and
other background noise, an analogue substitution method is employed, by using an analogue video carrier where
possible.
4.2 Radiation from cable networks
4.2.1 General
The methods described in 4.2 are applicable to the measurement of radiation from cable
networks (combination of cables and equipment). The termination point of the cable network
to be measured is the system outlet.
When testing cable networks, the terminal equipment may initially be connected. Testing of
the cable networks against the relevant limits requires the terminal equipment to be
disconnected. Where limits are exceeded, individual sections of the network (e.g. headend,
satellite receiving outdoor unit, cable network, distribution installation) may be tested in
succession to determine which section of the network does not operate within the limits.
The number of test frequencies shall be selected to give a realistic representation of the
radiation pattern throughout the operating frequency range and to enable the maximum level
of radiation to be recorded and the results interpreted accurately.
The field strength measurement procedure is used in order to achieve results which are
sufficiently accurate and do not require excessive technical effort.
The maximum permitted radiation level is given in Table 1.
4.2.2 Field strength method
4.2.2.1 Used antenna
The field strength method uses a suitable electromagnetic field antenna in the frequency
range 30 MHz to 3,5 GHz which is conventionally calibrated in terms of "equivalent electric
component" of the electromagnetic field.

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4.2.2.2 Equipment required to measure the electric field in the frequency range
30 MHz to 3,5 GHz
For the measurement of the radiation from a network, a calibrated measurement system
comprising a radio disturbance measuring receiver with broadband dipole or a log-periodic
antenna with tripod to measure the electric field component, as specified in CISPR 16-1-1 and
CISPR 16-1-4, is required.
NOTE Measuring results received by the use of the described calibrated measuring system do not need a further
correction due to near field condition while measuring.
This document defines radiation levels in terms of field strength at a 3 m distance from a
radiating object. The standard distance is 3 m outside a building. In special cases (e.g. block
of flats), a different measurement distance can be chosen as described in Annex D taking
...