IEC 61291-1:2018
(Main)Optical amplifiers - Part 1: Generic specification
Optical amplifiers - Part 1: Generic specification
IEC 61291-1:2018 applies to all commercially available optical amplifiers (OAs) and optically amplified assemblies. It applies to OAs using optically pumped fibres (OFAs based either on rare-earth doped fibres or on the Raman effect), semiconductors (SOAs), and waveguides (POWAs). The object of this document is
- to establish uniform requirements for transmission, operation, reliability and environmental properties of OAs, and
- to provide assistance to the purchaser in the selection of consistently high-quality OA products for his particular applications.
Parameters specified for OAs are those characterizing the transmission, operation, reliability and environmental properties of the OA seen as a "black box" from a general point of view. In the sectional and detail specifications a subset of these parameters will be specified according to the type and application of the particular OA device or assembly. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- terms have been added for parameters from IEC 61290-4-3 and IEC 61290-10-5;
- Clause 4 Classification has been removed, since this system is judged to be unused;
- the definition of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) has been simplified.
Keywords: optical amplifiers (OAs)
Amplificateurs optiques - Partie 1: Spécification générique
IEC 61291-1:2018 s’applique à tous les amplificateurs optiques (OA) et systèmes à amplification optique, disponibles sur le marché. Elle s’applique aux OA utilisant des fibres pompées optiquement (OFA basés sur des fibres dopées aux terres rares ou sur l’effet Raman), des semiconducteurs (SOA) et des guides d’ondes (POWA). Le présent document a pour objet
- d’établir des exigences uniformes pour la transmission, le fonctionnement, la fiabilité et les propriétés liées à l'environnement des OA, et
- d’aider les acheteurs à sélectionner des produits OA de qualité élevée et constante pour leurs applications.
Les paramètres spécifiés pour un OA sont ceux qui caractérisent les propriétés de transmission, de fonctionnement, de fiabilité et d’environnement de l’OA, considéré globalement comme une "boîte noire". Dans les spécifications intermédiaires et particulières, un sous-ensemble de ces paramètres sera spécifié d’après le type et l’application d’un module OA ou d’un système d’OA particulier. Cette quatrième édition annule et remplace la troisième édition parue en 2012. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
- des termes ont été ajoutés pour des paramètres de l'IEC 61290-4-3 et de l'IEC 61290-10-5;
- la classification de l'Article 4 a été retirée car elle n'est pas utilisée;
- la définition de la dispersion du mode de polarisation a été simplifiée.
Mots clés: amplificateurs optiques (OA)
General Information
Standards Content (sample)
IEC 61291-1
Edition 4.0 2018-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Optical amplifiers –
Part 1: Generic specification
Amplificateurs optiques –
Partie 1: Spécification générique
IEC 61291-1:2018-02(en-fr)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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IEC 61291-1
Edition 4.0 2018-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Optical amplifiers –
Part 1: Generic specification
Amplificateurs optiques –
Partie 1: Spécification générique
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 33.180.30 ISBN 978-2-8322-5404-2
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical CommissionMarque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – IEC 61291-1:2018 © IEC 2018
CONTENTS
FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 3
1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 5
2 Normative references ...................................................................................................... 5
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms ........................................................................ 6
3.1 Overview................................................................................................................. 6
3.2 Terms and definitions .............................................................................................. 8
3.2.1 OA devices and distributed amplifiers .............................................................. 9
3.2.2 OA assemblies .............................................................................................. 23
3.3 Abbreviated terms ................................................................................................. 26
4 Requirements ................................................................................................................ 26
4.1 Preferred values ................................................................................................... 27
4.2 Sampling............................................................................................................... 27
4.3 Product identification for storage and shipping ...................................................... 27
4.3.1 Marking ......................................................................................................... 27
4.3.2 Labelling ........................................................................................................ 27
4.3.3 Packaging...................................................................................................... 27
5 Quality assessment ....................................................................................................... 27
6 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements ........................................................ 27
7 Test methods ................................................................................................................. 27
Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 29
Figure 1 – OA device and assemblies ..................................................................................... 7
Figure 2 – Optical amplifier in a multichannel application ........................................................ 8
Table 1 – Grouping of parameters and corresponding test methods or references ................ 28
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------IEC 61291-1:2018 © IEC 2018 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS –
Part 1: Generic specification
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
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patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61291-1 has been prepared by subcommittee 86C: Fibre optic
systems and active devices, of IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics.This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2012. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:a) terms have been added for parameters from IEC 61290-4-3 and IEC 61290-10-5;
b) Clause 4 Classification has been removed, since this system is judged to be unused;
c) the definition of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) has been simplified.---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
– 4 – IEC 61291-1:2018 © IEC 2018
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
86C/1460/CDV 86C/1498/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61291 series, published under the general title Optical amplifiers,
can be found on the IEC website.The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
IEC 61291-1:2018 © IEC 2018 – 5 –
OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS –
Part 1: Generic specification
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61291 applies to all commercially available optical amplifiers (OAs) and
optically amplified assemblies. It applies to OAs using optically pumped fibres (OFAs based
either on rare-earth doped fibres or on the Raman effect), semiconductors (SOAs), and
waveguides (POWAs).The object of this document is
– to establish uniform requirements for transmission, operation, reliability and environmental
properties of OAs, and– to provide assistance to the purchaser in the selection of consistently high-quality OA
products for his particular applications.Parameters specified for OAs are those characterizing the transmission, operation, reliability
and environmental properties of the OA seen as a "black box" from a general point of view. In
the sectional and detail specifications a subset of these parameters will be specified
according to the type and application of the particular OA device or assembly.2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.IEC 60050-731, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Chapter 731: Optical fibre
communication (available at http://www.electropedia.org)IEC 61290 (all parts), Optical amplifiers – Test methods
IEC 61290-1-1, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 1-1: Power and gain parameters –
Optical spectrum analyzer methodIEC 61290-1-2, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 1-2: Power and gain parameters –
Electrical spectrum analyzer methodIEC 61290-1-3, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 1-3: Power and gain parameters –
Optical power meter methodIEC 61290-3-1, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 3-1: Noise figure parameters –
Optical spectrum analyzer methodIEC 61290-3-2, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 3-2: Noise figure parameters –
Electrical spectrum analyzer methodIEC 61290-4-1, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 4-1: Gain transient parameters –
Two wavelength method---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – IEC 61291-1:2018 © IEC 2018
IEC 61290-4-2, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 4-2: Gain transient parameters –
Broadband source methodIEC 61290-4-3, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 4-3: Power transient parameters –
Single channel optical amplifiers in output power controlIEC 61290-5-1, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 5-1: Reflectance parameters –
Optical spectrum analyzer methodIEC 61290-5-2, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 5-2: Reflectance parameters –
Electrical spectrum analyzer methodIEC 61290-5-3, Optical fibre amplifiers – Basic specification– Part 5-3: Test methods for
reflectance parameters – Reflectance tolerance using an electrical spectrum analyzer
IEC 61290-6-1, Optical fibre amplifiers – Basic specification – Part 6-1: Test methods for
pump leakage parameters – Optical demultiplexerIEC 61290-7-1, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 7-1: Out-of-band insertion losses –
Filtered optical power meter methodIEC 61290-10-1, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 10-1: Multichannel parameters –
Pulse method using an optical switch and optical spectrum analyzerIEC 61290-10-2, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 10-2: Multichannel parameters –
Pulse method using a gated optical spectrum analyzerIEC 61290-10-3, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 10-3: Multichannel parameters –
Probe methodsIEC 61290-10-4, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 10-4: Multichannel parameters –
Interpolated source subtraction method using an optical spectrum analyzerIEC 61290-10-5, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 10-5: Multichannel parameters –
Distributed Raman amplifier gain and noise figureIEC 61290-11-1, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 11-1: Polarization mode dispersion
parameter – Jones matrix eigenanalysis (JME)IEC 61290-11-2, Optical amplifiers – Test methods – Part 11-2: Polarization mode dispersion
parameter – Poincaré sphere analysis methodIEC 61291-5-2, Optical amplifiers – Part 5-2: Qualification specifications – Reliability
qualification for optical fibre amplifiersIEC TR 61931, Fibre optic – Terminology
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Overview
The definitions listed in 3.2 refer to the meaning of the terms used in the specifications of
OAs. Only those parameters listed in the appropriate specification template, as in
IEC 61291-2 and IEC 61291-4, are intended to be specified.---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
IEC 61291-1:2018 © IEC 2018 – 7 –
The list of parameter definitions of OAs, given in 3.2, is divided into two parts: the first part,
3.2.1, lists those parameters relevant for OA devices, namely power, pre-, line- and
distributed amplifiers; the second part, 3.2.2, lists the parameters relevant for optically
amplified, elementary assemblies, namely the optically amplified transmitter (OAT) and the
optically amplified receiver (OAR).In any case where the value of a parameter is given for a particular device, it will be
necessary to specify certain appropriate operating conditions such as temperature, bias
current, pump optical power. In Clause 3, two different operating conditions are referred to:
nominal operating conditions, which are those suggested by the manufacturer for normal use
of the OA, and limit operating conditions, in which all the parameters adjustable by the user
(e.g. temperature, gain, pump laser injection current) are at their maximum values, according
to the absolute maximum ratings stated by the manufacturer.The OA shall be considered as a "black box", as shown in Figure 1. The OA device shall have
two optical ports, namely an input and an output port (Figure 1 a)). The OAT and OAR shall
be considered as an OA integrated on the transmitter side or on the receiver side,
respectively. Both kinds of integration imply that the connection between the transmitter or the
receiver and the OA is proprietary and not to be specified. Consequently, only the optical
output port can be defined for the OAT [after the OA, as shown in Figure 1 b)] and only the
optical input port can be defined for the OAR [before the OA, as shown in Figure 1 c)]. The
optical ports may consist of unterminated fibres or optical connectors. Electrical connections
for power supply (not shown in Figure 1) are also necessary. Following this "black box"
approach, the typical loss of one connection and the corresponding uncertainty will be
included within the values of gain, noise figure and other parameters of the OA device.
NOTE 1 For distributed amplifiers, as described in Clause 4, this black-box configuration can be simulated for test
purposes, for example by attaching a reference fibre to test a Raman pump unit.Input Output Output Input
Tx
OA OA Rx
port port port
port
IEC
IEC
IEC
a) – OA device b) – OAT c) – OAR
Figure 1 – OA device and assemblies
The OA amplifies signals in a nominal operating wavelength region. In addition, other signals
outside of the band of operating wavelength can in some applications, also cross the OA. The
purpose of these out-of-band signals and their wavelength, or wavelength region, can be
specified in the detail specifications.When signals at multiple wavelengths are incident on the OA, as is the case in multichannel
systems, suitable adjustment of the definitions of some existing relevant parameters is
needed together with the introduction of definitions of new parameters relevant to this
different application.A typical configuration of an OA in a multichannel application is shown in Figure 2. At the
transmitting side, m signals, coming from m optical transmitters, Tx , Tx , . . . Tx , each with a
1 2 munique wavelength, λ , λ , . . . λ , respectively, are combined by an optical multiplexer (OM).
1 2 mAt the receiving side, the m signals at λ , λ , . . . λ , are separated with an optical
1 2 mdemultiplexer (OD) and routed to separate optical receivers, Rx , Rx , . . . Rx , respectively.
1 2 mTo characterize the OA in this multichannel application, an input reference plane and an
output reference plane are defined at the OA input and output ports, respectively, as shown in
Figure 2.---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
– 8 – IEC 61291-1:2018 © IEC 2018
Input Output
Tx Rx
reference
1 reference 1
plane
plane
2 2
OM OD
P OA P
i1 o1
P P
i2 o2
. . . . . .
Tx Rx
P P
m m
im om
P (λ)
ASE
IEC
Figure 2 – Optical amplifier in a multichannel application
At the input reference plane, m input signals at the m wavelengths are considered, each with a
unique power level, P , P , . . . P , respectively. At the output reference plane, m output
i1 i2 imsignals at the m wavelengths, resulting from the optical amplification of the corresponding m
input signals, are considered, each with power level P , P , . . . P , respectively. Moreover,
o1 o2 omthe amplified spontaneous emission, ASE, with a noise power spectral density, P (λ), is
ASEalso to be considered at the OA output port.
Most definitions of relevant single-channel parameters can be suitably extended to
multichannel applications. When this extension is straightforward, the word "channel" will be
added to the pertinent parameter. In particular, the noise figure and the signal-spontaneous
noise figure may be extended to multichannel applications, channel by channel, by
(λ) at each channel wavelength and the channel signalconsidering the value of P
ASE
bandwidth. For each channel wavelength there will be a unique value of noise figure that will
be a function of the input power level of all signals. In this case the parameters, channel noise
figure and channel signal-spontaneous noise figure, are introduced. However, some additional
parameters also need to be defined. For each parameter, the particular multichannel
configuration, including the full set of channel signal wavelengths and input powers, needs to
be specified.The parameters defined in 3.2.1 will in general depend on temperature and polarization state
of input channels. The temperature and state of polarization should be kept constant or
controlled or be measured and reported together with the measured parameter.NOTE 2 Except where noted, the optical powers mentioned in 3.2.1 are intended as average powers.
NOTE 3 The measured optical powers are open beam powers: this can result in differences of about 0,18 dB in
the measurement of absolute power levels.NOTE 4 In the case of the distributed amplifier, all the parameters are related to a suitable reference fibre used to
emulate the transmission fibre in conjunction with the pumping assembly.3.2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-731 and
IEC TR 61931 and the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
IEC 61291-1:2018 © IEC 2018 – 9 –
3.2.1 OA devices and distributed amplifiers
NOTE The terms and definitions in 3.2.1 also apply, in general, to optical amplifiers under
IEC 61290 (all parts) and IEC 61291 (all parts).3.2.1.1
gain
increase of signal optical power from the output end of the jumper fibre to the OA output port
in an OA which is externally connected to an input jumper fibreNote 1 to entry: The gain includes the connection loss between the input jumper fibre and the OA input port.
Note 2 to entry: It is assumed that the jumper fibres are of the same type as the fibres used as input and output
port of the OA.Note 3 to entry: Care should be taken to exclude the amplified spontaneous emission power from the signal
optical powers.Note 4 to entry: Gain is expressed in dB.
3.2.1.2
small-signal gain
gain of the amplifier, when operated in linear regime, where it is essentially independent of
the input signal optical power, at a given signal wavelength and pump optical power level
Note 1 to entry: This property can be described at a discrete wavelength or as a function of wavelength.
3.2.1.3reverse gain
gain measured using the input port of the OA as output port and vice versa
3.2.1.4
reverse small-signal gain
small-signal gain measured using the input port of the OA as output port and vice versa
3.2.1.5maximum gain
highest gain that can be achieved when the OA is operated within the stated nominal
operating conditions3.2.1.6
maximum small-signal gain
highest small-signal gain that can be achieved when the OA is operated within the stated
nominal operating conditions3.2.1.7
maximum gain wavelength
wavelength at which the maximum gain occurs
3.2.1.8
maximum small-signal gain wavelength
wavelength at which the maximum small-signal gain occurs
3.2.1.9
gain wavelength variation
peak-to-peak variation of the gain over a given wavelength range
3.2.1.10
small-signal gain wavelength variation
peak-to-peak variation of the small-signal gain over a given wavelength range
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
– 10 – IEC 61291-1:2018 © IEC 2018
3.2.1.11
gain-slope under single wavelength operation
derivative of the gain of a small probe versus wavelength, at the
signal wavelength, in the presence of a signal of given wavelength and input power
Note 1 to entry: The probe total average power level shall be at least 20 dB below the input signal level, to
minimize the effect on the gain wavelength-profile.3.2.1.12
polarization-dependent gain
PDG
the maximum variation of the OA gain due to a variation of the state of polarization of the
input signal, at nominal operating conditionsNote 1 to entry: A source of PDG in OAs is the polarization dependent loss of the passive components used
inside.Note 2 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
3.2.1.13
channel gain
gain for each channel (at wavelength λ) in a specified
multichannel configurationNote 1 to entry: Channel gain, G , can be expressed as G = P – P , where P and P are respectively the input
j j oj ij ij ojand output power levels, in dBm, of the j-th channel and j = 1, 2, … n; n total number of channels.
Note 2 to entry: Since the amplifier saturation power level is determined by the combined effect of the input
signals at all wavelengths, the channel gain is dependent on the input power level of all signals.
Note 3 to entry: Channel gain is expressed in dB.3.2.1.14
multichannel gain variation
interchannel gain difference
difference between the channel gains of any two of the channels
in a specified multichannel configurationNote 1 to entry: Multichannel gain variation can be expressed as ΔG = G – G , where G and G are respectively
jl j l j lthe channel gains of
...
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