IEC/IEEE 62209-3:2019

Measurement procedure for the assessment of specific absorption rate of human exposure to radio frequency fields from hand-held and body-mounted wireless communication devices - Part 3: Vector measurement-based systems (Frequency range of 600 MHz to 6 GHz)

IEC 62209-3: 2019 specifies measurement protocols and test procedures for the reproducible measurement of peak spatial-average specific absorption rate (psSAR) induced inside a simplified model of a human head or body by radio-frequency (RF) transmitting devices, with a specified measurement uncertainty. Requirements are provided for psSAR assessment using vector measurement-based systems. Such systems determine the psSAR by three-dimensional (3D) field reconstruction within the volume of interest in accordance with the requirements herein for the measurement system, calibration, uncertainty assessment and validation methods. The protocols and procedures apply for the psSAR assessments covering a significant majority of people including children during use of wireless communication devices operated in close proximity to the head or body.
This document is applicable to wireless communication devices intended to be used at a position near the human head or body at distances up to and including 200 mm. This document may be employed to evaluate SAR compliance of different types of wireless communication devices used next to the ear, in front of the face, mounted on the body, combined with other RF-transmitting or non-transmitting devices or accessories (e.g. belt-clip), or embedded in garments. The overall applicable frequency range is from 600 MHz to 6 GHz.
The system validation procedures provided within this document cover frequencies from 600 MHz to 6 GHz.
With a vector measurement-based system this document can be employed to evaluate SAR compliance of different types of wireless communication devices.
The wireless communication device categories covered include but are not limited to mobile telephones, cordless microphones, auxiliary broadcast devices and radio transmitters in personal computers, desktop and laptop devices, multi-band, multi-antenna, and push-to-talk devices.
Key Words: Human Exposure, Hand-Held and Body Mounted Wireless Communication Devices.

Procédure de mesure pour l'évaluation du débit d'absorption spécifique de l'exposition humaine aux champs radiofréquence produits par les dispositifs de communications sans fil tenus à la main ou portés près du corps - Partie 3 : Systèmes basés sur la mesure vectorielle (plage de fréquences comprise entre 600 MHz et 6 GHz)

IEC 62209-3: 2019 spécifie les protocoles et procédures d'essai pour le mesurage reproductible du DAS maximal moyenné dans l'espace (psSAR – peak spatial-average specific absorption rate) induit à l'intérieur d'un modèle simplifié de tête ou de corps humain par des dispositifs d'émission de radiofréquence (RF), avec une incertitude de mesure spécifiée. Des exigences sont fournies concernant l’évaluation du psSAR utilisant des systèmes basés sur la mesure vectorielle. Ces systèmes déterminent le psSAR par reconstruction de champ tridimensionnel (3D) à l'intérieur du volume à l'étude conformément aux exigences du présent document relatives au système de mesure, à l'étalonnage, à l'évaluation de l'incertitude et aux méthodes de validation. Les protocoles et procédures s'appliquent pour les évaluations du psSAR couvrant une grande majorité de personnes, y compris les enfants, lors de l'utilisation de dispositifs de communications à proximité de la tête ou du corps.
Le présent document s'applique aux dispositifs de communications sans fil destinés à être utilisés proches de la tête ou du corps humain, à des distances allant jusqu'à 200 mm inclus. Le présent document peut être utilisé pour évaluer la conformité du DAS de différents types de dispositifs de communications sans fil utilisés proches de l'oreille, devant le visage, sur le corps, en combinaison avec d'autres dispositifs ou accessoires de transmission RF ou pas (une attache de ceinture, par exemple) ou intégrés aux vêtements. La plage de fréquences globale applicable est comprise entre 600 MHz et 6 GHz.
Les procédures de validation du système indiquées dans le présent document couvrent les fréquences comprises entre 600 MHz et 6 GHz.
Avec un système basé sur la mesure vectorielle, le présent document peut être utilisé pour évaluer la conformité du DAS de différents types de dispositifs de communications sans fil.
Les catégories de dispositifs de communications sans fil incluent, entre autres, les téléphones mobiles, les micros sans fil, les dispositifs de diffusion auxiliaires et les émetteurs radio dans les ordinateurs personnels, les ordinateurs de bureau et les ordinateurs portables, ainsi que les dispositifs à plusieurs bandes, à plusieurs antennes et à boutons-poussoirs.
Mots clés: Exposition Humaine, Dispositifs de communications sans fil tenus à la main ou portés près du corps

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 23-Sep-2019
• ICS: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
• ICS: 11.040.10 - Anaesthetic, respiratory and reanimation equipment
• ICS: 33.060.20 - Receiving and transmitting equipment
• Technical Committee: TC 106 - Methods for the assessment of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields associated with human exposure
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Completion Date: 24-Sep-2019

Standards Content (sample)

IEC 62209-3
Edition 1.0 2019-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
HORIZONTAL STANDARD
NORME HORIZONTALE
Measurement procedure for the assessment of specific absorption rate of
human exposure to radio frequency fields from hand-held and body-mounted
wireless communication devices –
Part 3: Vector measurement-based systems (Frequency range of 600 MHz
to 6 GHz)
Procédure de mesure pour l'évaluation du débit d'absorption spécifique
de l'exposition humaine aux champs radiofréquence produits par les dispositifs
de communications sans fil tenus à la main ou portes près du corps –
Partie 3: Systèmes basés sur la mesure vectorielle (plage de fréquences
comprise entre 600 MHz et 6 GHz)
IEC 62209-3:2019-09(en-fr)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC 62209-3
Edition 1.0 2019-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
HORIZONTAL STANDARD
NORME HORIZONTALE
Measurement procedure for the assessment of specific absorption rate of
human exposure to radio frequency fields from hand-held and body-mounted
wireless communication devices –
Part 3: Vector measurement-based systems (Frequency range of 600 MHz
to 6 GHz)
Procédure de mesure pour l'évaluation du débit d'absorption spécifique
de l'exposition humaine aux champs radiofréquence produits par les dispositifs
de communications sans fil tenus à la main ou portes près du corps –
Partie 3: Systèmes basés sur la mesure vectorielle (plage de fréquences
comprise entre 600 MHz et 6 GHz)
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 33.060.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-7355-5

Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

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® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – IEC 62209-3:2019 © IEC 2019
CONTENTS

FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 9

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 11

1 Scope ............................................................................................................................ 12

2 Normative references .................................................................................................... 12

3 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................... 13

4 Symbols and abbreviated terms ..................................................................................... 14

5 Overview of the measurement procedure ....................................................................... 14

6 Measurement system specifications ............................................................................... 17

6.1 General requirements ........................................................................................... 17

6.2 Phantom specifications ......................................................................................... 19

6.2.1 Head phantom specifications – shell .............................................................. 19

6.2.2 Body phantom specifications – shell .............................................................. 19

6.2.3 Tissue-equivalent medium properties ............................................................. 19

6.3 Measurement system requirements ....................................................................... 19

6.3.1 General ......................................................................................................... 19

6.3.2 Scanning measurement system specifications ............................................... 19

6.3.3 Array measurement system specifications ..................................................... 20

6.4 Device holder specification ................................................................................... 21

6.5 Reconstruction algorithm and peak spatial-averaging specifications ..................... 22

7 Protocol for SAR assessments ...................................................................................... 22

7.1 Measurement preparation ..................................................................................... 22

7.1.1 General ......................................................................................................... 22

7.1.2 Preparation of tissue-equivalent medium ....................................................... 22

7.1.3 System check ................................................................................................ 23

7.1.4 Preparation of the device under test (DUT) .................................................... 23

7.1.5 Operating modes ........................................................................................... 23

7.1.6 Position of the DUT in relation to the phantom ............................................... 23

7.1.7 Positions of the DUT in relation to the flat phantom for large DUT ................. 23

7.1.8 Test frequencies for DUT ............................................................................... 24

7.2 Tests to be performed ........................................................................................... 24

7.3 General measurement procedure .......................................................................... 25

7.3.1 General ......................................................................................................... 25

7.3.2 Measurement procedure for scanning systems .............................................. 25

7.3.3 Measurement procedure for array systems .................................................... 26

7.4 SAR measurements for simultaneous transmission ............................................... 26

7.4.1 General ......................................................................................................... 26

7.4.2 SAR measurements for uncorrelated signals ................................................. 27

7.4.3 SAR measurements for correlated signals ..................................................... 31

8 Measurement uncertainty estimation.............................................................................. 32

8.1 General ................................................................................................................. 32

8.2 Requirements on the measurement uncertainty evaluation .................................... 32

8.3 Description of measurement uncertainty models ................................................... 33

8.3.1 General ......................................................................................................... 33

8.3.2 Uncertainty models for array measurement system and scanning

measurement systems ................................................................................... 34

8.3.3 Example uncertainty budget templates .......................................................... 35

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IEC 62209-3:2019 © IEC 2019 – 3 –

9 Measurement report ...................................................................................................... 39

Annex A (normative) Phantom specifications ....................................................................... 40

A.1 SAM phantom specifications ................................................................................. 40

A.1.1 Justification ................................................................................................... 40

A.1.2 SAM phantom geometry................................................................................. 40

A.1.3 Tissue-equivalent medium ............................................................................. 40

A.2 Flat phantom specifications ................................................................................... 41

A.3 Specific phantoms................................................................................................. 42

A.4 Tissue-equivalent medium .................................................................................... 43

Annex B (normative) Calibration and characterization of dosimetric probes.......................... 44

B.1 General ................................................................................................................. 44

B.2 Types of calibration ............................................................................................... 44

B.2.1 Amplitude calibration with analytical fields ..................................................... 44

B.2.2 Amplitude and phase calibration by transfer calibration ................................. 45

B.2.3 Amplitude and phase calibration using numerical reference ........................... 47

Annex C (informative) Field reconstruction techniques ......................................................... 49

C.1 General ................................................................................................................. 49

C.2 Objective of field reconstruction techniques .......................................................... 49

C.3 Background........................................................................................................... 49

C.4 Reconstruction techniques .................................................................................... 51

C.4.1 Expansion techniques .................................................................................... 51

C.4.2 Source reconstruction techniques .................................................................. 52

C.4.3 Source base function decomposition .............................................................. 52

C.4.4 Phase reconstruction ..................................................................................... 52

C.5 Source reconstruction and SAR estimation from fields measured outside the

phantom................................................................................................................ 53

C.6 Additional considerations for field reconstruction in scanning systems .................. 53

Annex D (normative) SAR measurement system verification and system validation .............. 54

D.1 Objectives and purpose ........................................................................................ 54

D.1.1 General ......................................................................................................... 54

D.1.2 Objectives and purpose of system check ....................................................... 54

D.1.3 Objectives of system validation ...................................................................... 54

D.2 SAR measurement setup and procedure for system check and system

validation .............................................................................................................. 55

D.2.1 General ......................................................................................................... 55

D.2.2 Power measurement setups ........................................................................... 55

D.2.3 Procedure to measure and normalize SAR ..................................................... 57

D.2.4 Power measurement uncertainty .................................................................... 59

D.3 System check ....................................................................................................... 61

D.3.1 System check antennas and test conditions ................................................... 61

D.3.2 System check antennas and test conditions for scanning systems ................. 61

D.3.3 System check antennas and test conditions for array systems ....................... 61

D.3.4 System check acceptance criteria .................................................................. 62

D.4 System validation .................................................................................................. 62

D.4.1 Validation of array systems and scanning systems ........................................ 62

D.4.2 Requirements for system validation antennas and test conditions .................. 62

D.4.3 Requirements for array systems and scanning systems ................................. 62

D.4.4 Test positions for system validation ............................................................... 64

D.4.5 System validation procedure based on peak spatial-average SAR ................. 71

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– 4 – IEC 62209-3:2019 © IEC 2019

D.4.6 On-site system validation after installation ..................................................... 79

D.4.7 System validation acceptance criteria ............................................................ 80

Annex E (informative) Interlaboratory comparisons .............................................................. 82

E.1 Purpose ................................................................................................................ 82

E.2 Monitor laboratory ................................................................................................. 82

E.3 Phantom set-up .................................................................................................... 82

E.4 Reference devices ................................................................................................ 82

E.5 Power set-up ........................................................................................................ 83

E.6 Interlaboratory comparison – Procedure................................................................ 83

Annex F (normative) System validation antennas ................................................................. 84

F.1 General requirements ........................................................................................... 84

F.2 Return loss requirements ...................................................................................... 84

F.3 Standard dipole antenna ....................................................................................... 85

F.4 VPIFA ................................................................................................................... 88

F.5 2-PEAK CPIFA ...................................................................................................... 90

F.6 Additional antennas .............................................................................................. 94

Annex G (normative) SAR calibration of reference antennas ................................................ 95

G.1 Purpose ................................................................................................................ 95

G.2 Parameters or quantities and ranges to be determined by calibration method ....... 96

G.3 Reference antenna calibration setup ..................................................................... 96

G.4 Reference antenna calibration procedure .............................................................. 97

G.4.1 Verification of return loss ............................................................................... 97

G.4.2 Calibration of reference antennas: step-by-step procedure ............................ 97

G.4.3 Uncertainty budget of reference antenna calibration ...................................... 98

G.5 Method and uncertainties for the transfer of calibration between two of more

antennas of the same type using the array system .............................................. 102

Annex H (informative) General considerations on uncertainty estimation ........................... 105

H.1 Concept of uncertainty estimation ....................................................................... 105

H.2 Type A and Type B evaluations ........................................................................... 106

H.3 Degrees of freedom and coverage factor ............................................................ 106

H.4 Combined and expanded uncertainties ................................................................ 107

H.5 Analytical reference functions ............................................................................. 108

Annex I (normative) Evaluation of measurement uncertainty of SAR results from

scanning vector measurement-based systems with single probes ................................ 111

I.1 Measurement uncertainties to be evaluated by the system manufacturer MM ...... 111

I.1.1 General ....................................................................................................... 111

I.1.2 Calibration CF.............................................................................................. 111

I.1.3 Isotropy ISO ................................................................................................. 111

I.1.4 System linearity LIN ..................................................................................... 112

I.1.5 Sensitivity limit SL ........................................................................................ 112

I.1.6 Boundary effect BE ...................................................................................... 112

I.1.7 Readout electronics RE ................................................................................ 113

I.1.8 Response time RT ........................................................................................ 113

I.1.9 Probe positioning PP ................................................................................... 113

I.1.10 Sampling error SE ........................................................................................ 113

I.1.11 Phantom shell PS ......................................................................................... 114

I.1.12 Tissue-equivalent medium parameters MAT ................................................. 114

I.1.13 Measurement system immunity/secondary reception MSI ............................. 116

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IEC 62209-3:2019 © IEC 2019 – 5 –

I.2 Uncertainty of reconstruction corrections and post-processing to be specified

by the manufacturer MN ...................................................................................... 116

I.2.1 General ....................................................................................................... 116

I.2.2 Evaluation of uncertainty due to reconstruction REC .................................... 116

I.2.3 Impact of noise on reconstruction POL ......................................................... 117

I.2.4 SAR averaging SAV ..................................................................................... 117

I.2.5 SAR scaling SARS ........................................................................................ 117

I.2.6 SAR correction for deviations in permittivity and conductivity SC .................. 118

I.3 Uncertainties that are dependent on the DUT MD ............................................... 119

I.3.1 General ....................................................................................................... 119

I.3.2 Probe coupling with the DUT PC .................................................................. 119

I.3.3 Modulation Response MOD ......................................................................... 119

I.3.4 Integration time IT ....................................................................................... 120

I.3.5 Measured SAR drift SD ................................................................................ 120

I.4 Uncertainties related to the measurement environment ME ................................. 120

I.4.1 General ....................................................................................................... 120

I.4.2 Device holder DH ........................................................................................ 120

I.4.3 Device positioning DP .................................................................................. 121

I.4.4 RF ambient conditions AC ............................................................................ 121

I.4.5 Measurement system drift and noise DN ...................................................... 121

I.5 Uncertainties of validation antennas MV .............................................................. 122

I.5.1 General ....................................................................................................... 122

I.5.2 Deviation of experimental antennas DEX ..................................................... 122

I.5.3 Power measurement uncertainty PMU ......................................................... 122

I.5.4 Other uncertainty contributions when using validation antennas OVS ........... 122

Annex J (normative) Evaluation of the measurement system uncertainty of fixed array

or scanning array vector measurement-based systems ................................................ 123

J.1 Measuring system uncertainties to be evaluated by the manufacturer MM........... 123

J.1.1 General ....................................................................................................... 123

J.1.2 Calibration CF.............................................................................................. 123

J.1.3 Isotropy ISO ................................................................................................. 123

J.1.4 Mutual sensor coupling MSC ........................................................................ 124

J.1.5 Scattering due to the presence of the array AS............................................. 125

J.1.6 System linearity LIN ..................................................................................... 126

J.1.7 Sensitivity limit SL ........................................................................................ 126

J.1.8 Boundary effect BE ...................................................................................... 126

J.1.9 Readout electronics RE ................................................................................ 127

J.1.10 Response time RT ........................................................................................ 127

J.1.11 Probe position PP ........................................................................................ 127

J.1.12 Sampling error SE ........................................................................................ 128

J.1.13 Array boundaries AB .................................................................................... 128

J.1.14 Phantom shell PS ......................................................................................... 129

J.1.15 Tissue-equivalent medium parameters MAT ................................................. 129

J.1.16 Phantom homogeneity HOM ........................................................................ 131

J.1.17 Measurement system immunity/secondary reception MSI ............................. 132

J.2 Uncertainty of reconstruction, corrections, and post-processing to be

specified by the manufacturer MN ....................................................................... 132

J.2.1 General ....................................................................................................... 132

J.2.2 Evaluation of uncertainty due to reconstruction REC .................................... 132

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– 6 – IEC 62209-3:2019 © IEC 2019

J.2.3 Impact of noise on reconstruction POL ......................................................... 132

J.2.4 SAR averaging SAV ..................................................................................... 132

J.2.5 SAR scaling SARS ........................................................................................ 132

J.2.6 SAR correction for deviations in permittivity and conductivity SC .................. 132

J.3 Measurement system uncertainties that are dependent on the DUT MD .............. 132

J.3.1 General ....................................................................................................... 132

J.3.2 Probe or probe-array coupling with the DUT PC ........................................... 132

J.3.3 Modulation response MOD ........................................................................... 133

J.3.4 Integration time IT ....................................................................................... 133

J.3.5 Measurement system drift and noise DN ...................................
...