IEC 62035:2014
(Main)Discharge lamps (excluding flourescent lamps) - Safety specifications
Discharge lamps (excluding flourescent lamps) - Safety specifications
IEC 62035:2014 specifies the safety requirements for discharge lamps (excluding fluorescent lamps) for general lighting purposes. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1999, AMD1:2003 and AMD2:2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition. Photobiological safety requirements are taken care of on basis of the risk group concept of IEC 62471 and the technical report IEC TR 62778 on blue light hazard. This has consequences for terms, marking, structure of 4.6, and introduction of a new symbol "Caution, do not stare at light source". Special attention is given to blue light hazard. This bilingual version (2016-11) corresponds to the monolingual English version, published in 2014-04. The French version of this standard has not been voted upon.
Lampes à décharge (à l'exclusion des lampes à fluorescence) - Prescriptions de sécurité
L'IEC 62035:2014 spécifie les exigences de sécurité auxquelles doivent répondre les lampes à décharge (à l'exclusion des lampes à fluorescence) destinées à l'éclairage général. Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition publiée en 1999, AMD1: 2003 et AMD2: 2012. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. La présente édition inclut les modifications techniques significatives suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente. Les exigences de sécurité photobiologique sont prises en charge sur la base de la notion de groupe à risque de l'IEC 62471 et du rapport technique IEC TR 62778 sur les dangers de la lumière bleue. Cela a des conséquences sur les termes, le marquage, la structure de 4,6, et l'introduction d'un nouveau symbole "Attention, ne pas regarder la source de lumière". Une attention particulière est accordée aux dangers de la lumière bleue. La présente version bilingue (2016-11) correspond à la version anglaise monolingue publiée en 2014-04. La version française de cette norme n'a pas été soumise au vote.
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IEC 62035 ®
Edition 2.0 2014-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Discharge lamps (excluding fluorescent lamps) – Safety specifications
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IEC 62035 ®
Edition 2.0 2014-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Discharge lamps (excluding fluorescent lamps) – Safety specifications
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
X
ICS 29.140.30 ISBN 978-2-8322-1516-6
– 2 – IEC 62035:2014 IEC:2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 General safety requirements . 10
4.1 General . 10
4.2 Marking . 10
4.2.1 Lamp marking . 10
4.2.2 Additional information to be provided . 11
4.3 Mechanical requirements . 11
4.3.1 Requirements for caps . 11
4.3.2 Construction and assembly . 12
Electrical requirements . 13
4.4
4.4.1 Parts which can become accidentally live . 13
4.4.2 Insulation resistance . 13
4.4.3 Electric strength . 13
4.5 Thermal requirements . 14
4.5.1 General . 14
4.5.2 Resistance to heat . 14
4.5.3 Resistance to abnormal heat and fire . 15
4.6 Photobiological requirements . 15
4.6.1 UV Hazard . 15
4.6.2 Blue light hazard . 16
4.6.3 IR hazard . 16
Particular safety requirements . 17
5.1 High-pressure sodium vapour lamps . 17
5.2 Metal halide lamps . 17
5.2.1 General . 17
5.2.2 Marking . 17
5.2.3 Containment . 17
6 Information for luminaire design. 17
7 Assessment . 17
7.1 General . 17
7.2 Assessment of whole production by means of manufacturer’s records . 18
7.2.1 General . 18
7.2.2 Assessment of manufacturer’s records for particular tests . 19
7.2.3 Sampling procedures for the whole production testing . 19
7.3 Assessment of batches . 23
7.3.1 Sampling for batch testing . 23
7.3.2 Number of lamps in batch sample . 23
7.3.3 Sequence of the tests . 23
7.3.4 Rejection conditions for large batches (>500 lamps) . 23
7.3.5 Rejection conditions for small batches (≤500 lamps) . 24
Annex A (normative) List of lamp caps and gauges . 26
Annex B (normative) Pull and torsion test values . 27
Annex C (normative) Torsion test holders . 28
Annex D (normative) Information for thermal tests . 30
Annex E (normative) Measurement of pulse height for lamps with internal starting
device . 31
E.1 Introduction . 31
E.2 Test circuit . 31
E.2.1 Test circuit and key . 31
E.2.2 Ballast characteristics . 31
E.2.3 Power factor capacitor . 32
E.2.4 Pulse height measuring circuit . 32
E.3 Tests . 32
E.3.1 Lamps with an internal glow switch . 32
E.3.2 Lamps with an internal thermal switch . 32
Annex F (informative) Information for luminaire design . 34
F.1 Guidelines for safe lamp operation . 34
F.2 Maximum lamp cap temperature . 34
F.3 Cap/holder – key configuration . 34
F.4 Protection against lamp shattering . 34
F.5 Protection against UV radiation . 35
F.6 Possible condition at end of lamp life . 35
Annex G (normative) Conditions of compliance for design tests . 36
G.1 Insulation resistance (see 4.4.2) Electric strength (see 4.4.3) . 36
G.2 Cap construction and assembly (see 4.3.2.2 b) and 4.3.2.3 b)) . 36
G.3 Cap creepage distance (see 4.3.1.2) Resistance to heat (see 4.5.2.1 and
4.5.2.2) Resistance to abnormal heat and fire (see 4.5.3.1) Pulse height (see
5.1.) UV radiation (see 4.6.1.3) . 36
Annex H (normative) Symbols . 37
H.1 General . 37
H.2 Symbol indicating that the lamp shall be operated only in a luminaire
provided with a protective shield . 37
H.3 Symbol indicating that the lamp emits a high level of UV radiation . 37
H.4 Symbol indicating that the lamp shall not be operated when the outer bulb is
broken . 37
H.5 Self-shielded lamp symbol indicating that the lamp can be operated in a
luminaire without a protective shield . 38
H.6 Symbol indicating not to stare at a light source, for example, a lamp, a
luminaire, a video projector etc. . 38
Annex I (normative) Containment testing procedure for metal halide lamps with quartz
arc tubes . 39
I.1 General . 39
I.1.1 Purpose . 39
I.1.2 Test description . 39
I.2 Experimental setup . 39
I.2.1 Safety precautions . 39
I.2.2 Electrical circuit . 39
I.2.3 Enclosure requirements . 41
I.3 Test procedures . 41
I.3.1 Lamp selection and preparation . 41
I.3.2 Determination of median rupture energy . 41
– 4 – IEC 62035:2014 IEC:2014
I.3.3 Rupture test procedure . 42
I.4 Self-shielded lamp design . 42
I.4.1 Definition of damage to the outer bulb . 42
I.4.2 Determination of self-shielded . 42
Annex J (normative) Containment testing procedure for metal halide lamps with
ceramic arc tubes . 43
J.1 General . 43
J.1.1 Purpose . 43
J.1.2 Test description . 43
J.2 Experimental setup . 43
J.2.1 Safety precautions . 43
J.2.2 Electrical circuit . 43
J.2.3 Enclosure requirements . 44
J.3 Test procedures . 44
J.3.1 Lamp selection and preparation . 44
J.3.2 Determination of median rupture energy . 44
J.3.3 Rupture test procedure . 45
J.4 Self-shielded lamp design . 45
J.4.1 Definition of damage to the outer bulb . 45
J.4.2 Determination of containment rating . 45
Bibliography . 47
Figure 1 – Edison screw-capped lamp . 13
Figure C.1 – Holder for torsion test on lamps with Edison screw caps . 28
Figure C.2 – Holder for torsion test on lamps with bayonet caps . 29
Figure D.1 – Ball pressure test apparatus . 30
Figure E.1 – Test circuit . 31
Figure I.1 – Basic electrical diagram for quartz metal halide lamp containment test . 40
Figure J.1 – Electrical diagram for containment test . 44
Table 1 – Classification of risk groups. 15
Table 2 – Grouping of test records – Sampling and acceptable quality levels (AQL) . 20
Table 3 – Acceptance numbers AQL = 0,65 % . 21
Table 4 – Acceptance numbers AQL = 2,5 % . 22
Table 5 – Batch sample size and rejection number (for batches >500 lamps) . 24
Table 6 – Batch sample size and rejection number (for batches ≤500 lamps) . 25
Table A.1 – Data sheet references of IEC 60061 . 26
Table B.1 – Pull test values . 27
Table B.2 – Torsion test values . 27
Table D.1 – Temperatures . 30
Table E.1 – Test ballast resonance characteristics . 32
Table E.2 – Power factor capacitor values for tests . 32
Table F.1 – Maximum lamp cap temperatures . 34
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
DISCHARGE LAMPS
(EXCLUDING FLUORESCENT LAMPS) –
SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS
FOREWORD
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
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patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62035 has been prepared by subcommittee 34A: Lamps, of IEC
technical committee 34: Lamps and related equipment.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1999, AMD1:2003 and
AMD2:2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition. Photobiological safety requirements are taken care of on basis of the risk group
concept of IEC 62471 and the technical report IEC TR 62778 on blue light hazard. This has
consequences for terms, marking, structure of 4.6, and introduction of a new symbol “Caution,
do not stare at light source”. Special attention is given to blue light hazard.
– 6 – IEC 62035:2014 IEC:2014
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
34A/1600/CDV 34A/1643/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.
DISCHARGE LAMPS
(EXCLUDING FLUORESCENT LAMPS) –
SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the safety requirements for discharge lamps (excluding
fluorescent lamps) for general lighting purposes.
This International Standard is applicable to low-pressure sodium vapour lamps and to high-
intensity discharge (HID) lamps, i.e. high-pressure mercury vapour lamps (including blended
lamps), high-pressure sodium vapour lamps and metal halide lamps. It applies to single- and
double-capped lamps, having caps as listed in Annex A.
This standard only concerns safety criteria and does not take into account performance. The
performance standards IEC 60188, IEC 60192, IEC 60662, IEC 61167 and IEC 61549 should
be referred to for such characteristics.
It may be expected that lamps which comply with this standard will operate safely at supply
voltages between 90 % and 110 % of rated supply voltage and when operated with a ballast
complying with IEC 61347-2-9 and IEC 60923, with a starting device complying with
IEC 61347-2-1 and IEC 60927, and in a luminaire complying with IEC 60598-1.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (available at
)
IEC 60061-1, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety – Part 1: Lamp caps
IEC 60061-2, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety – Part 2: Lampholders
IEC 60061-3, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety – Part 3: Gauges
IEC 60061-4, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety – Part 4: Guidelines and general information
IEC 60155, Glow-starters for fluorescent lamps
IEC 60662, High-pressure sodium vapour lamps
IEC 60695-2-10:2000, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-10: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
Glow-wire apparatus and common test procedure
– 8 – IEC 62035:2014 IEC:2014
IEC 60923, Auxiliaries for lamps – Ballasts for discharge lamps (excluding tubular fluorescent
lamps) – Performance requirements
IEC 61347-2-1, Lamp controlgear – Part 2-1: Particular requirements for starting devices
(other than glow starters)
IEC 61167, Metal halide lamps - Performance specification
IEC TR 62778, Application of IEC 62471 for the assessment of blue light hazard to light
sources and luminaires
ISO 4046-4:2002, Paper, board, pulp and related terms – Vocabulary – Part 4: Paper and
board grades and converted products
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-845 and
IEC TR 62778, as well as the following apply.
3.1
HID lamp
high intensity discharge lamp
electric discharge lamp in which the light-producing arc is stabilised by wall temperature and
the arc has a bulb wall loading in excess of 3 W/cm
Note 1 to entry: HID lamps include groups of lamps known as high-pressure mercury, metal halide and high-
pressure sodium lamps.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.19]
3.2
high pressure mercury vapour lamp
high-intensity discharge lamp in which the major portion of the light is produced, directly or
indirectly, by radiation from mercury operating at a partial pressure in excess of 100 kPa
Note 1 to entry: This term covers clear, phosphor coated (mercury fluorescent) and blended lamps. In a
fluorescent mercury discharge lamp, the light is produced partly by the mercury vapour and partly by the layer of
phosphors excited by the ultraviolet radiation of the discharge.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.20]
3.3
blended lamp
self-ballasted mercury lamp, US
lamp containing in the same bulb certain elements of a mercury vapour lamp and an
incandescent lamp filament connected in series
Note 1 to entry: The bulb may be diffusing or coated with phosphors.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.21, modified — The words "certain elements of" are
added.]]
3.4
high pressure sodium vapour lamp
high-intensity discharge lamp in which the light is produced mainly by radiation from sodium
vapour operating at a partial pressure of the order of 10 kPa
Note 1 to entry: The term covers lamps with clear or diffusing bulb.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.23]
3.5
low pressure sodium vapour lamp
discharge lamp in which the light is produced by radiation from sodium vapour operating at a
partial pressure of 0,1 Pa to 1,5 Pa
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.24]
3.6
metal halide lamp
high-intensity discharge lamp in which the major portion of the light is produced by radiation
from a mixture of metallic vapour, metal halides and the products of the dissociation of metal
halides
Note 1 to entry: The definition covers clear and coated lamps.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.25, modified — The words "radiation" and "metal
halides" are added.]
3.7
nominal power
approximate quantity value of lamp power used to designate or identify a lamp
3.8
ultraviolet hazard efficacy of luminous radiation
effective power of the UV radiation of a lamp related to its luminous flux
Note 1 to entry: Ultraviolet hazard efficacy of luminous radiation is expressed in mW/klm
Note 2 to entry: The effective power of the UV radiation is obtained by weighting the spectral power distribution of
the lamp with the UV hazard function SUV(λ). Information about the relevant UV hazard function is given in
IEC 62471. It only relates to possible hazards regarding UV exposure of human beings. It does not deal with the
possible influence of optical radiation on materials, like mechanical damage or discoloration.
3.9
type test
test or series of tests made on a type test sample for the purpose of checking compliance of
the design of a given product with the requirements of the relevant standard
[SOURCE: IEC 60081:1997, 1.4.10]
3.10
type test sample
sample consisting of one or more similar units submitted by the manufacturer or responsible
vendor for the purpose of the type test
[SOURCE: IEC 60081:1997, 1.4.11]
3.11
group
lamps of the same generic type
EXAMPLES: High pressure mercury (vapour) lamp (3.2), blended lamp (3.3), high pressure sodium (vapour) lamp
(3.4), low pressure sodium (vapour) lamp (3.5), metal halide lamp (3.6)
3.12
type
lamps of the same group having the same nominal wattage, bulb shape and cap
– 10 – IEC 62035:2014 IEC:2014
3.13
family
grouping of lamps characterized by common features such as materials, components and/or
method of processing
3.14
design test
test made on a sample for the purpose of checking compliance of the design of a family,
group or a number of groups with the requirements of the relevant clause or subclause
3.15
periodic test
test, or series of tests, repeated at intervals in order to check that a product does not deviate
in certain respects from the given design
3.16
running test
test repeated at frequent intervals to provide data for assessment
3.17
batch
all lamps in one family and/or group and identified as such and put forward at one time for
checking compliance
3.18
whole production
production during a period of 12 months of all types of lamps within the scope of this standard
and nominated in a list of the manufacturer for inclusion in the certificate
3.19
self-shielded metal halide lamp
metal halide lamp for which the luminaire needs no protective shield
4 General safety requirements
4.1 General
Lamps shall be so designed and constructed that in normal use they present no danger to the
user or the surroundings.
In general, compliance is checked by carrying out all the tests specified in this standard.
4.2 Marking
4.2.1 Lamp marking
Lamps shall be marked as follows:
– mark of origin, which may take the form of a trademark, the manufacturer's name or the
name of the responsible vendor;
– nominal power (marked "W" or "watts") and/or any other indication which identifies the
lamp.
In the relevant lamp performance standards, the nominal power may still be indicated as
"rated" power (and the rated power as "objective" power). This wording will be corrected in
future editions of these standards.
NOTE In the USA, additional product marking is required.
Marking shall be legible and durable.
Compliance is checked on unused lamps as follows:
a) presence and legibility by visual inspection;
b) durability by rubbing the area of the marking by hand for a period of 15 s, with a smooth
cloth dampened with water. After this test the marking shall still be legible.
4.2.2 Additional information to be provided
In addition to the above lamp marking, all details and provisions which are necessary to
ensure safe installation and use shall be given in the lamp manufacturer’s instructions.
Alternatively, the immediate lamp wrapping or container may be marked with the
corresponding symbol as shown in Annex H.
NOTE In North America, a suitable cautionary notice is required. Additional use of symbols is optional.
If applicable, information shall be given about:
a) the provision that the lamp shall be operated in an enclosed luminaire only (for symbol,
see Clause H.2);
b) the hazard associated with a high level of UV radiation emitted by the lamp (for symbol,
see Clause H.3). The value of the specified ultraviolet hazard efficacy of luminous
radiation shall be made available for proper luminaire design (see Clause F.5) if it
exceeds 6 mW/klm for non-reflector lamps or 6 mW/(m ·klx) for a reflector lamp;
c) the hazard associated with a high blue light radiance (for symbol see Clause H.6). The
threshold illuminance below which the luminaire cannot exceed risk group 1 for blue light
shall be made available for luminaire design if the lamp is in risk group 2 (see
Clause F.5);
d) the risk of the occurrence of a rectifying effect at the end of lamp life;
e) the hazard(s) that exist(s) when the outer envelope is broken (for symbol, see
Clause H.4).
4.3 Mechanical requirements
4.3.1 Requirements for caps
4.3.1.1 Dimensions
If lamps use standardized caps, they shall be in accordance with the requirements on the cap
data sheets of IEC 60061-1, listed in Table A.1 of this standard. Non-standardized caps shall
be in line with the lamp manufacturer’s documentation.
Compliance is checked on finished lamps by gauging and/or measurement. For standardized
caps, the gauges of IEC 60061-3, listed in Table A.1 of this standard shall be used.
4.3.1.2 Creepage distance
The minimum creepage distance between contact pin(s) or contacts and a touchable metal
shell of the cap shall be in accordance with the requirements of IEC 60061-4.
Compliance is checked by measurement.
4.3.1.3 Caps provided with keys
For lamps using cap types incorporating keys which ensure non-interchangeability with similar
lamp types, the correct cap/key version shall be used.
– 12 – IEC 62035:2014 IEC:2014
Compliance is checked by visual inspection.
4.3.2 Construction and assembly
4.3.2.1 General
Caps shall be so constructed and assembled to the bulbs that the whole assembly remains
intact and attached during and after normal operation.
Compliance is checked by carrying out the following tests.
4.3.2.2 Resistance to pull
Where lamps are so constructed that when being withdrawn from the lampholder a pull is
exerted and withstood without the cap or any part of the cap or bulb being loosened or pulled
apart.
Compliance is checked by the following pull test.
A pull in the direction of the lamp axis shall be applied for 1 min to:
a) unused lamps,
b) lamps after storage in a heating cabinet for a period of 2 000 h ± 50 h.
The pull values and heating cabinet temperatures are given in Table B.1.
Care shall be taken that the means (clamp, etc.) of applying the pull to the lamp does not
weaken the structure.
The pull shall be increased progressively from zero to the value given in Table B.1. The pull
shall not be applied with a jerk.
4.3.2.3 Resistance to torque
Where lamps are so constructed that, during insertion into or withdrawal from, the lampholder,
a torque is applied to the cap or parts of the cap or to the cap/bulb connection, the torque
shall be withstood without any loosening of the connections. For mechanically fixed screw
caps, an angular displacement between cap and bulb of not more than 10° is allowed.
Compliance is checked by the following torsion test.
A torque shall be applied to:
a) unused lamps,
b) lamps after storage in a heating cabinet for a period of 2 000 h ± 50 h.
The torque values and the heating cabinet temperatures are given in Table B.2. The torsion
test holders are specified in Figures C.1 and C.2.
Before each use, the test holder for screw caps shall be checked to ensure that it is clean and
completely free of lubricants and grease. The cap of the test lamp shall be placed in the
appropriate holder. Either the cap or the bulb may be mechanically clamped.
For some mechanically fixed screw caps, for example those positioned on a screw thread
shaped sealing area, it is necessary to clamp the shell and to apply the torque in both
directions.
The torque shall be increased progressively from zero to the value given in Table B.2. The
torque shall not be applied with a jerk.
4.4 Electrical requirements
4.4.1 Parts which can become accidentally live
Metal parts intended to be insulated from live parts shall not be or become live. Any movable
conductive material shall be placed, without the use of a tool, in the most onerous position
before inspection.
On bayonet caps, any projection from the contact plate shall not come within 1 mm of metal
parts intended to be insulated.
R = 3 mm
IEC 1129/14
Figure 1 – Edison screw-capped lamp
On Edison screw caps any projection from the cap shell shall not project more than 3 mm
from the surface of the cap (see Figure 1).
Compliance is checked by either an appropriate automatic system or by visual inspection. In
addition, there shall be regular daily checks of the equipment or a verification of the
effectiveness of the inspection.
4.4.2 Insulation resistance
Lamps where the metal shell of the cap can be touched after insertion into the holder shall
have an insulation resistance between the metal shell of the cap and the pin(s) or contacts of
not less than 2 MΩ.
Compliance is checked by measurement with suitable test equipment using a d.c. voltage of
500 V.
4.4.3 Electric strength
The insulation between the same parts as those referred to in 4.4.2 shall have sufficient
(di)electric strength.
Compliance is checked with a 1 500 V a.c. voltage of substantially sine-wave form, with a
frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz and applied for 1 min. Initially, not more than half the prescribed
voltage shall be applied. The voltage shall then be raised rapidly to the full value.
No flash-over or breakdown shall occur during the test. Glow discharges without a drop in
voltage are neglected.
– 14 – IEC 62035:2014 IEC:2014
4.5 Thermal requirements
4.5.1 General
Insulating material of caps, which provides protection against electric shock, shall be resistant
to heat and fire.
Compliance is checked by the following tests.
These tests are not made on parts of ceramic or glass material.
4.5.2 Resistance to heat
4.5.2.1 Heat test
The sample is tested for a period of 168 h in a heating cabinet at a temperature according to
the values given in Table D.1.
At the end of the test, the specimens shall not have undergone any change impairing their
future safety, especially in the following respects:
– reduction in the protection against electric shock as required under insulation resistance
and electric strength;
– loosening of any part of the cap, cracks, swelling and shrinking as determined by visual
inspection.
At the end of the test, the dimensions shall comply with the dimensional requirements for
caps.
4.5.2.2 Ball pressure test
The sample is subjected to a ball pressure test using the apparatus shown in Figure D.1.
The specimens are conditioned for 1 h in the same heating cabinet where the test will be
made, at a temperature according to the values given in Table D.1.
The surface of the part under test is placed in the horizontal position. A steel ball of 5 mm
diameter is pressed against this surface by a force of 20 N. If the surface under test bends,
the part where the ball presses shall be supported. If the test cannot be made on the
complete specimen, a suitable section may be cut from it and used as a test specimen. The
specimen shall be at least 2,5 mm thick, but if such a thickness is not available on the
specimen then two or more pieces are placed together.
The test is made in a heating cabinet at a temperature according to values given in Table D.1.
After 1 h, the ball shall be removed from the specimen, which is then immersed within 10 s in
cold water for cooling down to approximately room temperature. The diameter of the
impression caused by the ball is measured and shall not exceed 2 mm.
In the case of curved surfaces, the shorter axis is measured if the indent is elliptical.
In case of doubt, the depth p of the impression is measured and the diameter Ø calculated
.
using the formula: Ø = 2 p(5− p)
4.5.3 Resistance to abnormal heat and fire
4.5.3.1 Glow-wire test
The sample is subjected to a test using a nickel-chromium glow-wire heated to 650 °C. The
test apparatus shall be that described in IEC 60695-2-10.
The glow-wire temperature and heating current shall be constant for 1 min prior to
commencing the test. Care shall be taken to ensure that heat radiation does not influence the
specimen during this period. The glow-wire tip temperature is measured by means of a
sheathed fine wire thermocouple constructed and calibrated as described in IEC 60695-2-10.
The specimen to be tested is mounted vertically on the carriage and pressed against the
glow-wire tip with a force of 1 N, preferably 15 mm or more from the upper edge of the
specimen. The penetration of the glow-wire into the specimen is mechanically limited to 7 mm.
After 30 s the specimen is withdrawn from contact with the glow-wire tip.
Any flame or glowing of the specimen shall extinguish within 30 s of withdrawing the glow-wire
and any burning or molten drop shall not ignite a piece of five-layer tissue paper, specified in
ISO 4046-4, spread out horizontally 200 mm ± 5 mm below the specimen.
Precautions should be taken to safeguard the health of personnel conducting tests against
risk of explosion or fire, of inhalation of smoke and/or toxic products, and of toxic residues.
4.6 Photobiological requirements
4.6.1 UV Hazard
4.6.1.1 Classification
Lamps are classified into risk groups for actinic UV hazard as described in IEC 62471 for
general lighting service lamps according to Table 1:
Table 1 – Classification of risk groups
Risk group (RG) Ultraviolet hazard efficacy of
luminous radiation
a
(mW/klm)
Exempt (RG 0)
≤2
Low risk (RG 1)
>2 and ≤6
Moderate risk (RG 2) >6 and ≤60
High risk (RG 3) >60
a
In IEC 62471 exposure limits are given as effective irradiance values
(unit W/m ) and for risk group classification the values for general lighting
lamps are to be reported at an illuminance level of 500 lx. For example, the
borderline for risk group 0 (exempt) is 0,001 W/m at
...
IEC 62035 ®
Edition 2.0 2014-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Discharge lamps (excluding fluorescent lamps) – Safety specifications
Lampes à décharge (à l’exclusion des lampes à fluorescence) – Prescriptions
de sécurité
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IEC 62035 ®
Edition 2.0 2014-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Discharge lamps (excluding fluorescent lamps) – Safety specifications
Lampes à décharge (à l’exclusion des lampes à fluorescence) – Prescriptions
de sécurité
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.140.30 ISBN 978-2-8322-3740-3
– 2 – IEC 62035:2014 IEC 2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 General safety requirements . 10
4.1 General . 10
4.2 Marking . 10
4.2.1 Lamp marking . 10
4.2.2 Additional information to be provided . 11
4.3 Mechanical requirements . 11
4.3.1 Requirements for caps . 11
4.3.2 Construction and assembly . 12
4.4 Electrical requirements . 13
4.4.1 Parts which can become accidentally live . 13
4.4.2 Insulation resistance . 13
4.4.3 Electric strength . 13
4.5 Thermal requirements . 14
4.5.1 General . 14
4.5.2 Resistance to heat . 14
4.5.3 Resistance to abnormal heat and fire . 15
Photobiological requirements . 15
4.6
4.6.1 UV Hazard . 15
4.6.2 Blue light hazard . 16
4.6.3 IR hazard . 16
5 Particular safety requirements . 17
5.1 High-pressure sodium vapour lamps . 17
5.2 Metal halide lamps . 17
5.2.1 General . 17
5.2.2 Marking . 17
5.2.3 Containment . 17
Information for luminaire design. 17
7 Assessment . 17
7.1 General . 17
7.2 Assessment of whole production by means of manufacturer’s records . 18
7.2.1 General . 18
7.2.2 Assessment of manufacturer’s records for particular tests . 19
7.2.3 Sampling procedures for the whole production testing . 19
7.3 Assessment of batches . 23
7.3.1 Sampling for batch testing . 23
7.3.2 Number of lamps in batch sample . 23
7.3.3 Sequence of the tests . 23
7.3.4 Rejection conditions for large batches (> 500 lamps) . 23
7.3.5 Rejection conditions for small batches (≤ 500 lamps) . 24
Annex A (normative) List of lamp caps and gauges . 26
Annex B (normative) Pull and torsion test values . 27
Annex C (normative) Torsion test holders . 28
Annex D (normative) Information for thermal tests . 30
Annex E (normative) Measurement of pulse height for lamps with internal starting
device . 31
E.1 Introduction . 31
E.2 Test circuit . 31
E.2.1 Test circuit and key . 31
E.2.2 Ballast characteristics . 31
E.2.3 Power factor capacitor . 32
E.2.4 Pulse height measuring circuit . 32
E.3 Tests . 32
E.3.1 Lamps with an internal glow switch . 32
E.3.2 Lamps with an internal thermal switch . 32
Annex F (informative) Information for luminaire design . 34
F.1 Guidelines for safe lamp operation . 34
F.2 Maximum lamp cap temperature . 34
F.3 Cap/holder – key configuration . 34
F.4 Protection against lamp shattering . 34
F.5 Protection against UV radiation . 35
F.6 Possible condition at end of lamp life . 35
Annex G (normative) Conditions of compliance for design tests . 36
G.1 Insulation resistance (see 4.4.2) Electric strength (see 4.4.3) . 36
G.2 Cap construction and assembly (see 4.3.2.2 b) and 4.3.2.3 b)) . 36
G.3 Cap creepage distance (see 4.3.1.2) Resistance to heat (see 4.5.2.1 and
4.5.2.2) Resistance to abnormal heat and fire (see 4.5.3.1) Pulse height (see
5.1.) UV radiation (see 4.6.1.3) . 36
Annex H (normative) Symbols . 37
H.1 General . 37
H.2 Symbol indicating that the lamp shall be operated only in a luminaire
provided with a protective shield . 37
H.3 Symbol indicating that the lamp emits a high level of UV radiation . 37
H.4 Symbol indicating that the lamp shall not be operated when the outer bulb is
broken . 37
H.5 Self-shielded lamp symbol indicating that the lamp can be operated in a
luminaire without a protective shield . 38
H.6 Symbol indicating not to stare at a light source, for example, a lamp, a
luminaire, a video projector etc. . 38
Annex I (normative) Containment testing procedure for metal halide lamps with quartz
arc tubes . 39
I.1 General . 39
I.1.1 Purpose . 39
I.1.2 Test description . 39
I.2 Experimental setup . 39
I.2.1 Safety precautions . 39
I.2.2 Electrical circuit . 39
I.2.3 Enclosure requirements . 41
I.3 Test procedures . 41
I.3.1 Lamp selection and preparation . 41
I.3.2 Determination of median rupture energy . 41
– 4 – IEC 62035:2014 IEC 2014
I.3.3 Rupture test procedure . 42
I.4 Self-shielded lamp design . 42
I.4.1 Definition of damage to the outer bulb . 42
I.4.2 Determination of self-shielded . 42
Annex J (normative) Containment testing procedure for metal halide lamps with
ceramic arc tubes . 43
J.1 General . 43
J.1.1 Purpose . 43
J.1.2 Test description . 43
J.2 Experimental setup . 43
J.2.1 Safety precautions . 43
J.2.2 Electrical circuit . 43
J.2.3 Enclosure requirements . 44
J.3 Test procedures . 44
J.3.1 Lamp selection and preparation . 44
J.3.2 Determination of median rupture energy . 44
J.3.3 Rupture test procedure . 45
J.4 Self-shielded lamp design . 45
J.4.1 Definition of damage to the outer bulb . 45
J.4.2 Determination of containment rating . 45
Bibliography . 47
Figure 1 – Edison screw-capped lamp . 13
Figure C.1 – Holder for torsion test on lamps with Edison screw caps . 28
Figure C.2 – Holder for torsion test on lamps with bayonet caps . 29
Figure D.1 – Ball pressure test apparatus . 30
Figure E.1 – Test circuit . 31
Figure I.1 – Basic electrical diagram for quartz metal halide lamp containment test . 40
Figure J.1 – Electrical diagram for containment test . 44
Table 1 – Classification of risk groups. 15
Table 2 – Grouping of test records – Sampling and acceptable quality levels (AQL) . 20
Table 3 – Acceptance numbers AQL = 0,65 % . 21
Table 4 – Acceptance numbers AQL = 2,5 % . 22
Table 5 – Batch sample size and rejection number (for batches > 500 lamps) . 24
Table 6 – Batch sample size and rejection number (for batches ≤ 500 lamps) . 25
Table A.1 – Data sheet references of IEC 60061 . 26
Table B.1 – Pull test values . 27
Table B.2 – Torsion test values . 27
Table D.1 – Temperatures . 30
Table E.1 – Test ballast resonance characteristics . 32
Table E.2 – Power factor capacitor values for tests . 32
Table F.1 – Maximum lamp cap temperatures . 34
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
DISCHARGE LAMPS
(EXCLUDING FLUORESCENT LAMPS) –
SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62035 has been prepared by subcommittee 34A: Lamps, of IEC
technical committee 34: Lamps and related equipment.
This bilingual version (2016-11) corresponds to the monolingual English version, published in
2014-04.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1999, AMD1:2003 and
AMD2:2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition. Photobiological safety requirements are taken care of on basis of the risk group
concept of IEC 62471 and the technical report IEC TR 62778 on blue light hazard. This has
consequences for terms, marking, structure of 4.6, and introduction of a new symbol “Caution,
do not stare at light source”. Special attention is given to blue light hazard.
– 6 – IEC 62035:2014 IEC 2014
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
34A/1600/CDV 34A/1643/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
The French version of this standard has not been voted upon.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
DISCHARGE LAMPS
(EXCLUDING FLUORESCENT LAMPS) –
SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the safety requirements for discharge lamps (excluding
fluorescent lamps) for general lighting purposes.
This International Standard is applicable to low-pressure sodium vapour lamps and to high-
intensity discharge (HID) lamps, i.e. high-pressure mercury vapour lamps (including blended
lamps), high-pressure sodium vapour lamps and metal halide lamps. It applies to single- and
double-capped lamps, having caps as listed in Annex A.
This standard only concerns safety criteria and does not take into account performance. The
performance standards IEC 60188, IEC 60192, IEC 60662, IEC 61167 and IEC 61549 should
be referred to for such characteristics.
It may be expected that lamps which comply with this standard will operate safely at supply
voltages between 90 % and 110 % of rated supply voltage and when operated with a ballast
complying with IEC 61347-2-9 and IEC 60923, with a starting device complying with
IEC 61347-2-1 and IEC 60927, and in a luminaire complying with IEC 60598-1.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (available at
)
IEC 60061-1, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety – Part 1: Lamp caps
IEC 60061-2, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety – Part 2: Lampholders
IEC 60061-3, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety – Part 3: Gauges
IEC 60061-4, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety – Part 4: Guidelines and general information
IEC 60155, Glow-starters for fluorescent lamps
IEC 60662, High-pressure sodium vapour lamps
IEC 60695-2-10:2000, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-10: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
Glow-wire apparatus and common test procedure
– 8 – IEC 62035:2014 IEC 2014
IEC 60923, Auxiliaries for lamps – Ballasts for discharge lamps (excluding tubular fluorescent
lamps) – Performance requirements
IEC 61347-2-1, Lamp controlgear – Part 2-1: Particular requirements for starting devices
(other than glow starters)
IEC 61167, Metal halide lamps – Performance specification
IEC TR 62778, Application of IEC 62471 for the assessment of blue light hazard to light
sources and luminaires
ISO 4046-4:2002, Paper, board, pulp and related terms – Vocabulary – Part 4: Paper and
board grades and converted products
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-845 and
IEC TR 62778, as well as the following apply.
3.1
HID lamp
high intensity discharge lamp
electric discharge lamp in which the light-producing arc is stabilised by wall temperature and
the arc has a bulb wall loading in excess of 3 W/cm
Note 1 to entry: HID lamps include groups of lamps known as high-pressure mercury, metal halide and high-
pressure sodium lamps.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.19]
3.2
high pressure mercury vapour lamp
high-intensity discharge lamp in which the major portion of the light is produced, directly or
indirectly, by radiation from mercury operating at a partial pressure in excess of 100 kPa
Note 1 to entry: This term covers clear, phosphor coated (mercury fluorescent) and blended lamps. In a
fluorescent mercury discharge lamp, the light is produced partly by the mercury vapour and partly by the layer of
phosphors excited by the ultraviolet radiation of the discharge.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.20]
3.3
blended lamp
self-ballasted mercury lamp, US
lamp containing in the same bulb certain elements of a mercury vapour lamp and an
incandescent lamp filament connected in series
Note 1 to entry: The bulb may be diffusing or coated with phosphors.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.21, modified — The words "certain elements of" are
added.]
3.4
high pressure sodium vapour lamp
high-intensity discharge lamp in which the light is produced mainly by radiation from sodium
vapour operating at a partial pressure of the order of 10 kPa
Note 1 to entry: The term covers lamps with clear or diffusing bulb.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.23]
3.5
low pressure sodium vapour lamp
discharge lamp in which the light is produced by radiation from sodium vapour operating at a
partial pressure of 0,1 Pa to 1,5 Pa
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.24]
3.6
metal halide lamp
high-intensity discharge lamp in which the major portion of the light is produced by radiation
from a mixture of metallic vapour, metal halides and the products of the dissociation of metal
halides
Note 1 to entry: The definition covers clear and coated lamps.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.25, modified — The words "radiation" and "metal
halides" are added.]
3.7
nominal power
approximate quantity value of lamp power used to designate or identify a lamp
3.8
ultraviolet hazard efficacy of luminous radiation
effective power of the UV radiation of a lamp related to its luminous flux
Note 1 to entry: Ultraviolet hazard efficacy of luminous radiation is expressed in mW/klm.
Note 2 to entry: The effective power of the UV radiation is obtained by weighting the spectral power distribution of
the lamp with the UV hazard function SUV(λ). Information about the relevant UV hazard function is given in
IEC 62471. It only relates to possible hazards regarding UV exposure of human beings. It does not deal with the
possible influence of optical radiation on materials, like mechanical damage or discoloration.
3.9
type test
test or series of tests made on a type test sample for the purpose of checking compliance of
the design of a given product with the requirements of the relevant standard
[SOURCE: IEC 60081:1997, 1.4.10]
3.10
type test sample
sample consisting of one or more similar units submitted by the manufacturer or responsible
vendor for the purpose of the type test
[SOURCE: IEC 60081:1997, 1.4.11]
3.11
group
lamps of the same generic type
EXAMPLES: High pressure mercury (vapour) lamp (3.2), blended lamp (3.3), high pressure sodium (vapour) lamp
(3.4), low pressure sodium (vapour) lamp (3.5), metal halide lamp (3.6)
3.12
type
lamps of the same group having the same nominal wattage, bulb shape and cap
– 10 – IEC 62035:2014 IEC 2014
3.13
family
grouping of lamps characterized by common features such as materials, components and/or
method of processing
3.14
design test
test made on a sample for the purpose of checking compliance of the design of a family,
group or a number of groups with the requirements of the relevant clause or subclause
3.15
periodic test
test, or series of tests, repeated at intervals in order to check that a product does not deviate
in certain respects from the given design
3.16
running test
test repeated at frequent intervals to provide data for assessment
3.17
batch
all lamps in one family and/or group and identified as such and put forward at one time for
checking compliance
3.18
whole production
production during a period of 12 months of all types of lamps within the scope of this standard
and nominated in a list of the manufacturer for inclusion in the certificate
3.19
self-shielded metal halide lamp
metal halide lamp for which the luminaire needs no protective shield
4 General safety requirements
4.1 General
Lamps shall be so designed and constructed that in normal use they present no danger to the
user or the surroundings.
In general, compliance is checked by carrying out all the tests specified in this standard.
4.2 Marking
4.2.1 Lamp marking
Lamps shall be marked as follows:
– mark of origin, which may take the form of a trademark, the manufacturer's name or the
name of the responsible vendor;
– nominal power (marked "W" or "watts") and/or any other indication which identifies the
lamp.
In the relevant lamp performance standards, the nominal power may still be indicated as
"rated" power (and the rated power as "objective" power). This wording will be corrected in
future editions of these standards.
NOTE In the USA, additional product marking is required.
Marking shall be legible and durable.
Compliance is checked on unused lamps as follows:
a) presence and legibility by visual inspection;
b) durability by rubbing the area of the marking by hand for a period of 15 s, with a smooth
cloth dampened with water. After this test the marking shall still be legible.
4.2.2 Additional information to be provided
In addition to the above lamp marking, all details and provisions which are necessary to
ensure safe installation and use shall be given in the lamp manufacturer’s instructions.
Alternatively, the immediate lamp wrapping or container may be marked with the
corresponding symbol as shown in Annex H.
NOTE In North America, a suitable cautionary notice is required. Additional use of symbols is optional.
If applicable, information shall be given about:
a) the provision that the lamp shall be operated in an enclosed luminaire only (for symbol,
see Clause H.2);
b) the hazard associated with a high level of UV radiation emitted by the lamp (for symbol,
see Clause H.3). The value of the specified ultraviolet hazard efficacy of luminous
radiation shall be made available for proper luminaire design (see Clause F.5) if it
exceeds 6 mW/klm for non-reflector lamps or 6 mW/(m ·klx) for a reflector lamp;
c) the hazard associated with a high blue light radiance (for symbol see Clause H.6). The
threshold illuminance below which the luminaire cannot exceed risk group 1 for blue light
shall be made available for luminaire design if the lamp is in risk group 2 (see
Clause F.5);
d) the risk of the occurrence of a rectifying effect at the end of lamp life;
e) the hazard(s) that exist(s) when the outer envelope is broken (for symbol, see
Clause H.4).
4.3 Mechanical requirements
4.3.1 Requirements for caps
4.3.1.1 Dimensions
If lamps use standardized caps, they shall be in accordance with the requirements on the cap
data sheets of IEC 60061-1, listed in Table A.1 of this standard. Non-standardized caps shall
be in line with the lamp manufacturer’s documentation.
Compliance is checked on finished lamps by gauging and/or measurement. For standardized
caps, the gauges of IEC 60061-3, listed in Table A.1 of this standard shall be used.
4.3.1.2 Creepage distance
The minimum creepage distance between contact pin(s) or contacts and a touchable metal
shell of the cap shall be in accordance with the requirements of IEC 60061-4.
Compliance is checked by measurement.
4.3.1.3 Caps provided with keys
For lamps using cap types incorporating keys which ensure non-interchangeability with similar
lamp types, the correct cap/key version shall be used.
– 12 – IEC 62035:2014 IEC 2014
Compliance is checked by visual inspection.
4.3.2 Construction and assembly
4.3.2.1 General
Caps shall be so constructed and assembled to the bulbs that the whole assembly remains
intact and attached during and after normal operation.
Compliance is checked by carrying out the following tests.
4.3.2.2 Resistance to pull
Where lamps are so constructed that when being withdrawn from the lampholder a pull is
exerted and withstood without the cap or any part of the cap or bulb being loosened or pulled
apart.
Compliance is checked by the following pull test.
A pull in the direction of the lamp axis shall be applied for 1 min to:
a) unused lamps,
b) lamps after storage in a heating cabinet for a period of 2 000 h ± 50 h.
The pull values and heating cabinet temperatures are given in Table B.1.
Care shall be taken that the means (clamp, etc.) of applying the pull to the lamp does not
weaken the structure.
The pull shall be increased progressively from zero to the value given in Table B.1. The pull
shall not be applied with a jerk.
4.3.2.3 Resistance to torque
Where lamps are so constructed that, during insertion into or withdrawal from, the lampholder,
a torque is applied to the cap or parts of the cap or to the cap/bulb connection, the torque
shall be withstood without any loosening of the connections. For mechanically fixed screw
caps, an angular displacement between cap and bulb of not more than 10° is allowed.
Compliance is checked by the following torsion test.
A torque shall be applied to:
a) unused lamps,
b) lamps after storage in a heating cabinet for a period of 2 000 h ± 50 h.
The torque values and the heating cabinet temperatures are given in Table B.2. The torsion
test holders are specified in Figures C.1 and C.2.
Before each use, the test holder for screw caps shall be checked to ensure that it is clean and
completely free of lubricants and grease. The cap of the test lamp shall be placed in the
appropriate holder. Either the cap or the bulb may be mechanically clamped.
For some mechanically fixed screw caps, for example those positioned on a screw thread
shaped sealing area, it is necessary to clamp the shell and to apply the torque in both
directions.
The torque shall be increased progressively from zero to the value given in Table B.2. The
torque shall not be applied with a jerk.
4.4 Electrical requirements
4.4.1 Parts which can become accidentally live
Metal parts intended to be insulated from live parts shall not be or become live. Any movable
conductive material shall be placed, without the use of a tool, in the most onerous position
before inspection.
On bayonet caps, any projection from the contact plate shall not come within 1 mm of metal
parts intended to be insulated.
R = 3 mm
IEC 1129/14
Figure 1 – Edison screw-capped lamp
On Edison screw caps any projection from the cap shell shall not project more than 3 mm
from the surface of the cap (see Figure 1).
Compliance is checked by either an appropriate automatic system or by visual inspection. In
addition, there shall be regular daily checks of the equipment or a verification of the
effectiveness of the inspection.
4.4.2 Insulation resistance
Lamps where the metal shell of the cap can be touched after insertion into the holder shall
have an insulation resistance between the metal shell of the cap and the pin(s) or contacts of
not less than 2 MΩ.
Compliance is checked by measurement with suitable test equipment using a d.c. voltage of
500 V.
4.4.3 Electric strength
The insulation between the same parts as those referred to in 4.4.2 shall have sufficient
(di)electric strength.
Compliance is checked with a 1 500 V a.c. voltage of substantially sine-wave form, with a
frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz and applied for 1 min. Initially, not more than half the prescribed
voltage shall be applied. The voltage shall then be raised rapidly to the full value.
No flash-over or breakdown shall occur during the test. Glow discharges without a drop in
voltage are neglected.
– 14 – IEC 62035:2014 IEC 2014
4.5 Thermal requirements
4.5.1 General
Insulating material of caps, which provides protection against electric shock, shall be resistant
to heat and fire.
Compliance is checked by the following tests.
These tests are not made on parts of ceramic or glass material.
4.5.2 Resistance to heat
4.5.2.1 Heat test
The sample is tested for a period of 168 h in a heating cabinet at a temperature according to
the values given in Table D.1.
At the end of the test, the specimens shall not have undergone any change impairing their
future safety, especially in the following respects:
– reduction in the protection against electric shock as required under insulation resistance
and electric strength;
– loosening of any part of the cap, cracks, swelling and shrinking as determined by visual
inspection.
At the end of the test, the dimensions shall comply with the dimensional requirements for
caps.
4.5.2.2 Ball pressure test
The sample is subjected to a ball pressure test using the apparatus shown in Figure D.1.
The specimens are conditioned for 1 h in the same heating cabinet where the test will be
made, at a temperature according to the values given in Table D.1.
The surface of the part under test is placed in the horizontal position. A steel ball of 5 mm
diameter is pressed agains
...
IEC 62035 ®
Edition 2.1 2016-11
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Discharge lamps (excluding fluorescent lamps) – Safety specifications
Lampes à décharge (à l'exclusion des lampes à fluorescence) – Prescriptions de
sécurité
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IEC 62035 ®
Edition 2.1 2016-11
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Discharge lamps (excluding fluorescent lamps) – Safety specifications
Lampes à décharge (à l'exclusion des lampes à fluorescence) – Prescriptions de
sécurité
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.140.30 ISBN 978-2-8322-3657-4
IEC 62035 ®
Edition 2.1 2016-11
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
Discharge lamps (excluding fluorescent lamps) – Safety specifications
Lampes à décharge (à l'exclusion des lampes à fluorescence) – Prescriptions de
sécurité
– 2 – IEC 62035:2014+AMD1:2016 CSV
IEC 2016
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 General safety requirements . 11
4.1 General . 11
4.2 Marking . 11
4.2.1 Lamp marking . 11
4.2.2 Additional information to be provided . 12
4.3 Mechanical requirements . 12
4.3.1 Requirements for caps . 12
4.3.2 Construction and assembly . 13
4.4 Electrical requirements . 14
4.4.1 Parts which can become accidentally live . 14
4.4.2 Insulation resistance . 15
4.4.3 Electric strength . 15
4.5 Thermal requirements . 15
4.5.1 General . 15
4.5.2 Resistance to heat . 16
4.5.3 Resistance to abnormal heat and fire . 16
Photobiological requirements . 17
4.6
4.6.1 UV Hazard . 17
4.6.2 Blue light hazard . 18
4.6.3 IR hazard . 18
5 Particular safety requirements . 18
5.1 High-pressure sodium vapour lamps . 18
5.2 Metal halide lamps . 18
5.2.1 General . 18
5.2.2 Marking . 18
5.2.3 Containment . 19
Information for luminaire design. 19
7 Assessment . 19
7.1 General . 19
7.2 Assessment of whole production by means of manufacturer’s records . 19
7.2.1 General .
7.2.2 Assessment of manufacturer’s records for particular tests .
7.2.3 Sampling procedures for the whole production testing .
7.3 Assessment of batches . 25
7.3.1 Sampling for batch testing . 25
7.3.2 Number of lamps in batch sample . 25
7.3.3 Sequence of the tests . 25
7.3.4 Rejection conditions for large batches (> 500 lamps) . 25
7.3.5 Rejection conditions for small batches (≤ 500 lamps) . 25
Annex A (normative) List of lamp caps and gauges . 28
Annex B (normative) Pull and torsion test values . 29
IEC 2016
Annex C (normative) Torsion test holders . 30
Annex D (normative) Information for thermal tests . 32
Annex E (normative) Measurement of pulse height for lamps with internal starting
device . 33
E.1 Introduction . 33
E.2 Test circuit . 33
E.2.1 Test circuit and key . 33
E.2.2 Ballast characteristics . 33
E.2.3 Power factor capacitor . 34
E.2.4 Pulse height measuring circuit . 34
E.3 Tests . 34
E.3.1 Lamps with an internal glow switch . 34
E.3.2 Lamps with an internal thermal switch . 34
Annex F (informative) Information for luminaire design . 36
F.1 Guidelines for safe lamp operation . 36
F.2 Maximum lamp cap temperature . 36
F.3 Cap/holder – key configuration and information for class II luminaires . 36
F.4 Protection against lamp shattering . 37
F.5 Protection against UV radiation . 37
F.6 Possible condition at end of lamp life . 37
F.7 Water contact . 38
Annex G (normative) Conditions of compliance for design tests . 39
G.1 Insulation resistance (see 4.4.2) Electric strength (see 4.4.3) . 39
G.2 Cap construction and assembly (see 4.3.2.2 b) and 4.3.2.3 b)) . 39
G.3 Cap creepage distance (see 4.3.1.2) Resistance to heat (see 4.5.2.1 and
4.5.2.2) Resistance to abnormal heat and fire (see 4.5.3.1) Pulse height (see
5.1.) UV radiation (see 4.6.1.3) . 39
Annex H (normative) Symbols . 40
H.1 General . 40
H.2 Symbol indicating that the lamp shall be operated only in a luminaire
provided with a protective shield . 40
H.3 Symbol indicating that the lamp emits a high level of UV radiation . 40
H.4 Symbol indicating that the lamp shall not be operated when the outer bulb is
broken . 40
H.5 Self-shielded lamp symbol indicating that the lamp can be operated in a
luminaire without a protective shield . 41
H.6 Symbol indicating not to stare at a light source, for example, a lamp, a
luminaire, a video projector etc. . 41
Annex I (normative) Containment testing procedure for metal halide lamps with quartz
arc tubes . 42
I.1 General . 42
I.1.1 Purpose . 42
I.1.2 Test description . 42
I.2 Experimental setup . 42
I.2.1 Safety precautions . 42
I.2.2 Electrical circuit . 42
I.2.3 Enclosure requirements . 44
I.3 Test procedures . 44
I.3.1 Lamp selection and preparation . 44
– 4 – IEC 62035:2014+AMD1:2016 CSV
IEC 2016
I.3.2 Determination of median rupture energy . 44
I.3.3 Rupture test procedure . 45
I.4 Self-shielded lamp design . 45
I.4.1 Definition of damage to the outer bulb . 45
I.4.2 Determination of self-shielded . 45
Annex J (normative) Containment testing procedure for metal halide lamps with
ceramic arc tubes . 46
J.1 General . 46
J.1.1 Purpose . 46
J.1.2 Test description . 46
J.2 Experimental setup . 46
J.2.1 Safety precautions . 46
J.2.2 Electrical circuit . 46
J.2.3 Enclosure requirements . 47
J.3 Test procedures . 47
J.3.1 Lamp selection and preparation . 47
J.3.2 Determination of median rupture energy . 47
J.3.3 Rupture test procedure . 48
J.4 Self-shielded lamp design . 48
J.4.1 Definition of damage to the outer bulb . 48
J.4.2 Determination of containment rating . 48
Annex K (informative) Additional requirements for certification . 50
K.1 General . 50
K.2 Assessment of manufacturer’s records for particular tests . 51
K.3 Sampling procedures for the whole production testing . 51
Bibliography . 55
Figure 1 – Edison screw-capped lamp . 15
Figure C.1 – Holder for torsion test on lamps with Edison screw caps . 30
Figure C.2 – Holder for torsion test on lamps with bayonet caps . 31
Figure D.1 – Ball pressure test apparatus . 32
Figure E.1 – Test circuit . 33
Figure I.1 – Basic electrical diagram for quartz metal halide lamp containment test . 43
Figure J.1 – Electrical diagram for containment test . 47
Table 1 – Classification of risk groups. 17
Table 2 – Grouping of test records – Sampling and acceptable quality levels (AQL) .
Table 3 – Acceptance numbers AQL = 0,65 % .
Table 4 – Acceptance numbers AQL = 2,5 % .
Table 5 – Batch sample size and rejection number (for batches > 500 lamps) . 26
Table 6 – Batch sample size and rejection number (for batches ≤ 500 lamps) . 27
Table 7 – Voltage to be considered for creepage and clearance . 13
Table A.1 – Data sheet references of IEC 60061 . 28
Table B.1 – Pull test values . 29
Table B.2 – Torsion test values . 29
Table D.1 – Temperatures . 32
IEC 2016
Table E.1 – Test ballast resonance characteristics . 34
Table E.2 – Power factor capacitor values for tests . 34
Table F.1 – Maximum lamp cap temperatures . 36
Table K.1 – Grouping of test records – Sampling and acceptable quality levels (AQL) . 52
Table K.2 – Acceptance numbers AQL = 0,65 % . 53
Table K.3 – Acceptance numbers AQL = 2,5 % . 54
– 6 – IEC 62035:2014+AMD1:2016 CSV
IEC 2016
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
DISCHARGE LAMPS
(EXCLUDING FLUORESCENT LAMPS) –
SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
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9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This consolidated version of the official IEC Standard and its amendment has been prepared
for user convenience.
IEC 62035 edition 2.1 contains the second edition (2014-04) [documents 34A/1600/CDV and
34A/1643/RVC] and its amendment 1 (2016-11) [documents 34A/1873/CDV and 34A/1909/RVC].
In this Redline version, a vertical line in the margin shows where the technical content
is modified by amendment 1. Additions are in green text, deletions are in strikethrough
red text. A separate Final version with all changes accepted is available in this
publication.
IEC 2016
International Standard IEC 62035 has been prepared by subcommittee 34A: Lamps, of IEC
technical committee 34: Lamps and related equipment.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition. Photobiological safety requirements are taken care of on basis of the risk group
concept of IEC 62471 and the technical report IEC TR 62778 on blue light hazard. This has
consequences for terms, marking, structure of 4.6, and introduction of a new symbol “Caution,
do not stare at light source”. Special attention is given to blue light hazard.
The French version of this standard has not been voted upon.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendment will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
– 8 – IEC 62035:2014+AMD1:2016 CSV
IEC 2016
DISCHARGE LAMPS
(EXCLUDING FLUORESCENT LAMPS) –
SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the safety requirements for discharge lamps (excluding
fluorescent lamps) for general lighting purposes.
This International Standard is applicable to low-pressure sodium vapour lamps and to high-
intensity discharge (HID) lamps, i.e. high-pressure mercury vapour lamps (including blended
lamps), high-pressure sodium vapour lamps and metal halide lamps. It applies to single- and
double-capped lamps, having caps as listed in Annex A.
This standard only concerns safety criteria and does not take into account performance. The
performance standards IEC 60188, IEC 60192, IEC 60662, IEC 61167 and IEC 61549 should
be referred to for such characteristics.
It may be expected that lamps which comply with this standard will operate safely at supply
voltages between 90 % and 110 % of rated supply voltage and when operated with a ballast
complying with IEC 61347-2-9 and IEC 60923, with a starting device complying with
IEC 61347-2-1 and IEC 60927, and in a luminaire complying with IEC 60598-1.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (available at
)
IEC 60061-1, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety – Part 1: Lamp caps
IEC 60061-2, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety – Part 2: Lampholders
IEC 60061-3, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety – Part 3: Gauges
IEC 60061-4, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety – Part 4: Guidelines and general information
IEC 60155, Glow-starters for fluorescent lamps
IEC 60598-1:2014, Luminaires – Part 1: General requirements and tests
IEC 60662, High-pressure sodium vapour lamps
IEC 2016
IEC 60695-2-10:2000, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-10: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
Glow-wire apparatus and common test procedure
IEC 60923, Auxiliaries for lamps – Ballasts for discharge lamps (excluding tubular fluorescent
lamps) – Performance requirements
IEC 61347-2-1, Lamp controlgear – Part 2-1: Particular requirements for starting devices
(other than glow starters)
IEC 61167, Metal halide lamps – Performance specification
IEC TR 62778, Application of IEC 62471 for the assessment of blue light hazard to light
sources and luminaires
ISO 4046-4:2002, Paper, board, pulp and related terms – Vocabulary – Part 4: Paper and
board grades and converted products
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-845 and
IEC TR 62778, as well as the following apply.
3.1
HID lamp
high intensity discharge lamp
electric discharge lamp in which the light-producing arc is stabilised by wall temperature and
the arc has a bulb wall loading in excess of 3 W/cm
Note 1 to entry: HID lamps include groups of lamps known as high-pressure mercury, metal halide and high-
pressure sodium lamps.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.19]
3.2
high pressure mercury vapour lamp
high-intensity discharge lamp in which the major portion of the light is produced, directly or
indirectly, by radiation from mercury operating at a partial pressure in excess of 100 kPa
Note 1 to entry: This term covers clear, phosphor coated (mercury fluorescent) and blended lamps. In a
fluorescent mercury discharge lamp, the light is produced partly by the mercury vapour and partly by the layer of
phosphors excited by the ultraviolet radiation of the discharge.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.20]
3.3
blended lamp
self-ballasted mercury lamp, US
lamp containing in the same bulb certain elements of a mercury vapour lamp and an
incandescent lamp filament connected in series
Note 1 to entry: The bulb may be diffusing or coated with phosphors.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.21, modified — The words "certain elements of" are
added.]
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IEC 2016
3.4
high pressure sodium vapour lamp
high-intensity discharge lamp in which the light is produced mainly by radiation from sodium
vapour operating at a partial pressure of the order of 10 kPa
Note 1 to entry: The term covers lamps with clear or diffusing bulb.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.23]
3.5
low pressure sodium vapour lamp
discharge lamp in which the light is produced by radiation from sodium vapour operating at a
partial pressure of 0,1 Pa to 1,5 Pa
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.24]
3.6
metal halide lamp
high-intensity discharge lamp in which the major portion of the light is produced by radiation
from a mixture of metallic vapour, metal halides and the products of the dissociation of metal
halides
Note 1 to entry: The definition covers clear and coated lamps.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987, 845.07.25, modified — The words "radiation" and "metal
halides" are added.]
3.7
nominal power
approximate quantity value of lamp power used to designate or identify a lamp
3.8
ultraviolet hazard efficacy of luminous radiation
effective power of the UV radiation of a lamp related to its luminous flux
Note 1 to entry: Ultraviolet hazard efficacy of luminous radiation is expressed in mW/klm.
Note 2 to entry: The effective power of the UV radiation is obtained by weighting the spectral power distribution of
the lamp with the UV hazard function SUV(λ). Information about the relevant UV hazard function is given in
IEC 62471. It only relates to possible hazards regarding UV exposure of human beings. It does not deal with the
possible influence of optical radiation on materials, like mechanical damage or discoloration.
3.9
type test
test or series of tests made on a type test sample for the purpose of checking compliance of
the design of a given product with the requirements of the relevant standard
[SOURCE: IEC 60081:1997, 1.4.10]
3.10
type test sample
sample consisting of one or more similar units submitted by the manufacturer or responsible
vendor for the purpose of the type test
[SOURCE: IEC 60081:1997, 1.4.11]
3.11
group
lamps of the same generic type
IEC 2016
EXAMPLES: High pressure mercury (vapour) lamp (3.2), blended lamp (3.3), high pressure sodium (vapour) lamp
(3.4), low pressure sodium (vapour) lamp (3.5), metal halide lamp (3.6)
3.12
type
lamps of the same group having the same nominal wattage, bulb shape and cap
3.13
family
grouping of lamps characterized by common features such as materials, components and/or
method of processing
3.14
design test
test made on a sample for the purpose of checking compliance of the design of a family,
group or a number of groups with the requirements of the relevant clause or subclause
3.15
periodic test
test, or series of tests, repeated at intervals in order to check that a product does not deviate
in certain respects from the given design
3.16
running test
test repeated at frequent intervals to provide data for assessment
3.17
batch
all lamps in one family and/or group and identified as such and put forward at one time for
checking compliance
3.18
whole production
production during a period of 12 months of all types of lamps within the scope of this standard
and nominated in a list of the manufacturer for inclusion in the certificate
3.19
self-shielded metal halide lamp
metal halide lamp for which the luminaire needs no protective shield
4 General safety requirements
4.1 General
Lamps shall be so designed and constructed that in normal use they present no danger to the
user or the surroundings.
In general, compliance is checked by carrying out all the tests specified in this standard.
4.2 Marking
4.2.1 Lamp marking
Lamps shall be marked as follows:
– mark of origin, which may take the form of a trademark, the manufacturer's name or the
name of the responsible vendor;
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– nominal power (marked "W" or "watts") and/or any other indication which identifies the
lamp.
In the relevant lamp performance standards, the nominal power may still be indicated as
"rated" power (and the rated power as "objective" power). This wording will be corrected in
future editions of these standards.
NOTE In the USA, additional product marking is required.
Marking shall be legible and durable.
Compliance is checked on unused lamps as follows:
a) presence and legibility by visual inspection;
b) durability by rubbing the area of the marking by hand for a period of 15 s, with a smooth
cloth dampened with water. After this test the marking shall still be legible.
4.2.2 Additional information to be provided
In addition to the above lamp marking, all details and provisions which are necessary to
ensure safe installation and use shall be given in the lamp manufacturer’s instructions.
Alternatively, the immediate lamp wrapping or container may be marked with the
corresponding symbol as shown in Annex H.
NOTE In North America, a suitable cautionary notice is required. Additional use of symbols is optional.
If applicable, information shall be given about:
a) the provision that the lamp shall be operated in an enclosed luminaire only (for symbol,
see Clause H.2);
b) the hazard associated with a high level of UV radiation emitted by the lamp (for symbol,
see Clause H.3). The value of the specified ultraviolet hazard efficacy of luminous
radiation shall be made available for proper luminaire design (see Clause F.5) if it
exceeds 6 mW/klm for non-reflector lamps or 6 mW/(m ·klx) for a reflector lamp;
c) the hazard associated with a high blue light radiance (for symbol see Clause H.6). The
threshold illuminance below which the luminaire cannot exceed risk group 1 for blue light
shall be made available for luminaire design if the lamp is in risk group 2 (see
Clause F.5);
d) the risk of the occurrence of a rectifying effect at the end of lamp life;
e) the hazard(s) that exist(s) when the outer envelope is broken (for symbol, see
Clause H.4).
4.3 Mechanical requirements
4.3.1 Requirements for caps
4.3.1.1 Dimensions
If lamps use standardized caps, they shall be in accordance with the requirements on the cap
data sheets of IEC 60061-1, listed in Table A.1 of this standard. Non-standardized caps shall
be in line with the lamp manufacturer’s documentation.
Compliance is checked on finished lamps by gauging and/or measurement. For standardized
caps, the gauges of IEC 60061-3, listed in Table A.1 of this standard shall be used.
IEC 2016
4.3.1.2 Creepage distance
The minimum creepage distance between contact pin(s) or contacts and a touchable metal
shell of the cap shall be in accordance with the requirements of IEC 60061-4 sheet
number 7007-6.
Metal parts of the lamp which are not connected to current carrying parts (for example a metal
cap shell) and which may be accessible in normal use or during lamp replacement, shall be
insulated from live parts by double or reinforced insulation. In these cases the minimum
creepage distance between live parts and a touchable metal part of the lamp or cap shall be
in accordance with the reinforced insulation requirements of IEC 60598-1:2014, Section 11.
Lamps with caps listed in Table 7 shall comply with these requirements.
Table 7 – Voltage to be considered for creepage and clearance
Cap Relevant maximum voltage according to Relevant maximum voltage according to
code IEC 60598-1:2014, Table 11.1 IEC 60598-1:2014, Table 11.2
GX8.5 305 V 5 kV pulse
GX10 305 V 5 kV pulse
GU8.5 305 V 5 kV pulse
PGZ12 305 V 5 kV pulse
a
PGZX18 305 V 5,9 kV pulse
a
5,9 kV is the equivalent peak voltage based on HF ignition currently used for this system.
For caps PGZ12 and GX8.5, minimum creepage distances and clearances of 6,5 mm apply.
NOTE See IEC 60061-4, sheet 7007-6 for information.
Compliance is checked by measurement.
4.3.1.3 Caps provided with keys
For lamps using cap types incorporating keys which ensure non-interchangeability with similar
lamp types, the correct cap/key version shall be used.
Compliance is checked by visual inspection.
4.3.2 Construction and assembly
4.3.2.1 General
Caps shall be so constructed and assembled to the bulbs that the whole assembly remains
intact and attached during and after normal operation.
Compliance is checked by carrying out the following tests.
4.3.2.2 Resistance to pull
Where lamps are so constructed that when being withdrawn from the lampholder a pull is
exerted and withstood without the cap or any part of the cap or bulb being loosened or pulled
apart.
Compliance is checked by the following pull test.
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IEC 2016
A pull in the direction of the lamp axis shall be applied for 1 min to:
a) unused lamps,
b) lamps after storage in a heating cabinet for a period of 2 000 h ± 50 h.
The pull values and heating cabinet temperatures are given in Table B.1.
Care shall be taken that the means (clamp, etc.) of applying the pull to the lamp does not
weaken the structure.
The pull shall be increased progressively from zero to the value given in Table B.1. The pull
shall not be applied with a jerk.
4.3.2.3 Resistance to torque
Where lamps are so constructed that, during insertion into or withdrawal from, the lampholder,
a torque is applied to the cap or parts of the cap or to the cap/bulb connection, the torque
shall be withstood without any loosening of the connections. For mechanically fixed screw
caps, an angular displacement between cap and bulb of not more than 10° is allowed.
Compliance is checked by the following torsion test.
A torque shall be applied to:
a) unused lamps,
b) lamps after storage in a heating cabinet for a period of 2 000 h ± 50 h.
The torque values and the heating cabinet temperatures are given in Table B.2. The torsion
test holders are specified in Figures C.1 and C.2.
Before each use, the test holder for screw caps shall be checked to ensure that it is clean and
completely free of lubricants and grease. The cap of the test lamp shall be placed in the
appropriate holder. Either the cap or the bulb may be mechanically clamped.
For some mechanically fixed screw caps, for example those positioned on a screw thread
shaped sealing area, it is necessary to
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