IEC 62108:2022
(Main)Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies - Design qualification and type approval
Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies - Design qualification and type approval
IEC 62108:2022 is available as IEC 62108:2022 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 62108:2022 specifies the minimum requirements for the design qualification and type approval of concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies suitable for long-term operation in general open-air climates as defined in IEC 60721-2-1. The object of this test document is to determine the electrical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics of the CPV modules and assemblies and to show, as far as possible within reasonable constraints of cost and time, that the CPV modules and assemblies are capable of withstanding prolonged exposure in climates described in the scope.
Modules et ensembles photovoltaïques à concentration - Qualification de la conception et homologation
IEC 62108:2022 est disponible sous forme de IEC 62108:2022 RLV qui contient la Norme internationale et sa version Redline, illustrant les modifications du contenu technique depuis l'édition précédente.
L'IEC 62108:2022 spécifie les exigences minimales relatives à la qualification de la conception et l'homologation des modules et ensembles photovoltaïques à concentration (CPV - concentrator photovoltaic) pour une utilisation de longue durée dans les climats généraux d'air libre, comme cela est défini dans l'IEC 60721-2-1. Le présent document d'essai a pour objet de déterminer les caractéristiques électriques, mécaniques et thermiques des modules et ensembles CPV et de montrer, autant que possible avec des contraintes de coût et de temps raisonnables, que les modules et ensembles CPV peuvent supporter une exposition prolongée aux climats définis dans le domaine d'application.
General Information
Standards Content (sample)
IEC 62108
Edition 3.0 2022-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies – Design qualification
and type approval
Modules et ensembles photovoltaïques à concentration – Qualification de la
conception et homologation
IEC 62108:2022-06(en-fr)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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IEC 62108
Edition 3.0 2022-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies – Design qualification
and type approval
Modules et ensembles photovoltaïques à concentration – Qualification de la
conception et homologation
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.160 ISBN 978-2-8322-3824-0
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical CommissionMarque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – IEC 62108:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 5
1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 7
2 Normative references ...................................................................................................... 7
3 Terms and definitions ...................................................................................................... 9
4 Sampling ....................................................................................................................... 10
5 Marking ......................................................................................................................... 11
6 Testing .......................................................................................................................... 11
7 Pass criteria .................................................................................................................. 12
8 Report ........................................................................................................................... 20
9 Modifications ................................................................................................................. 21
10 Test procedures ............................................................................................................ 21
10.1 Visual inspection ................................................................................................... 21
10.1.1 General ......................................................................................................... 21
10.1.2 Procedure ...................................................................................................... 21
10.1.3 Major visual defects ....................................................................................... 22
10.1.4 Requirements ................................................................................................ 22
10.2 Electrical performance measurement .................................................................... 22
10.2.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 22
10.2.2 Outdoor side-by-side I-V measurement .......................................................... 22
10.2.3 Solar simulator I-V measurement ................................................................... 24
10.2.4 Dark I-V measurement ................................................................................... 24
10.3 Ground path continuity test ................................................................................... 25
10.3.1 General ......................................................................................................... 25
10.3.2 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 25
10.3.3 Procedure ...................................................................................................... 25
10.3.4 Requirements ................................................................................................ 25
10.4 Electrical insulation test ........................................................................................ 26
10.4.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 26
10.4.2 Procedure ...................................................................................................... 26
10.4.3 Requirements ................................................................................................ 26
10.5 Wet insulation test ................................................................................................ 27
10.5.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 27
10.5.2 Procedure ...................................................................................................... 27
10.5.3 Requirements ................................................................................................ 27
10.6 Thermal cycling test .............................................................................................. 27
10.6.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 27
10.6.2 Test sample ................................................................................................... 28
10.6.3 Procedure ...................................................................................................... 28
10.6.4 Procedure for active cooling system .............................................................. 30
10.6.5 Requirements ................................................................................................ 30
10.7 Damp heat test ..................................................................................................... 31
10.7.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 31
10.7.2 Test sample ................................................................................................... 31
10.7.3 Procedure ...................................................................................................... 31
10.7.4 Requirements ................................................................................................ 32
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10.8 Humidity freeze test .............................................................................................. 32
10.8.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 32
10.8.2 Test sample ................................................................................................... 32
10.8.3 Procedure ...................................................................................................... 32
10.8.4 Requirements ................................................................................................ 32
10.9 Hail impact test ..................................................................................................... 33
10.9.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 33
10.9.2 Apparatus ...................................................................................................... 33
10.9.3 Procedure ...................................................................................................... 34
10.9.4 Requirements ................................................................................................ 34
10.10 Dust and water ingress protection test .................................................................. 34
10.10.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 34
10.10.2 Procedure ...................................................................................................... 35
10.10.3 Requirements ................................................................................................ 35
10.11 Bypass/blocking diode thermal test ....................................................................... 35
10.11.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 35
10.11.2 Test sample ................................................................................................... 35
10.11.3 Apparatus ...................................................................................................... 35
10.11.4 Procedure ...................................................................................................... 36
10.11.5 Requirements ................................................................................................ 36
10.11.6 Procedure 2 – Alternate method .................................................................... 36
10.12 Robustness of terminations test ............................................................................ 37
10.12.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 37
10.12.2 Procedure ...................................................................................................... 38
10.12.3 Requirements ................................................................................................ 38
10.13 Mechanical load test ............................................................................................. 38
10.13.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 38
10.13.2 Procedure ...................................................................................................... 39
10.13.3 Requirements ................................................................................................ 39
10.14 Off-axis beam damage test ................................................................................... 39
10.14.1 General ......................................................................................................... 39
10.14.2 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 39
10.14.3 Special case .................................................................................................. 39
10.14.4 Procedure ...................................................................................................... 40
10.14.5 Requirements ................................................................................................ 40
10.15 Outdoor exposure test .......................................................................................... 40
10.15.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 40
10.15.2 Procedure ...................................................................................................... 40
10.15.3 Requirements ................................................................................................ 41
10.16 Hot-spot endurance test ........................................................................................ 41
Annex A (informative) Summary of test conditions and requirements ................................... 42
Annex B (normative) Retesting guideline ............................................................................. 45
B.1 Product or process modifications requiring limited retesting to maintaincertification ........................................................................................................... 45
B.2 Modifications of CPV cell technology .................................................................... 45
B.3 Modifications in optical encapsulation on the cell (Includes optical coupling
between the cell and a glass secondary optical element bonded to the cell) .......... 46
B.4 Modification in cell encapsulation outside of intended light path ............................ 46
B.5 Modification of cell package substrate used for heat transfer ................................ 46
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B.6 Accessible optics (primary or secondary) .............................................................. 47
B.7 Inaccessible optics (secondary) ............................................................................ 47
B.8 Frame and/or mounting structure .......................................................................... 47
B.9 Enclosure ............................................................................................................. 48
B.10 Wiring compartment/junction box .......................................................................... 48
B.11 Interconnection terminals ...................................................................................... 48
B.12 Interconnection materials or technique (to cells and between receivers) ............... 49
B.13 Change in electrical circuit design in an identical package .................................... 49
B.14 Output power ........................................................................................................ 49
B.15 Thermal energy transfer means ............................................................................ 50
B.16 Adhesives ............................................................................................................. 50
Figure 1 – Schematic of point-focus dish PV concentrator ..................................................... 14
Figure 2 – Schematic of linear-focus trough PV concentrator ................................................ 15
Figure 3 – Schematic of point-focus Fresnel lens PV concentrator ........................................ 16
Figure 4 – Schematic of linear-focus Fresnel lens PV concentrator ....................................... 17
Figure 5 – Schematic of a heliostat CPV ............................................................................... 18
Figure 6 – Qualification test sequence for CPV modules ....................................................... 19
Figure 7 – Qualification test sequence for CPV assemblies ................................................... 20
Figure 8 – Temperature and current profile of thermal cycle test (not to scale) ..................... 31
Figure 9 – Profile of humidity-freeze test conditions .............................................................. 33
Figure 10 – Bypass diode thermal test .................................................................................. 37
Table 1 – Terms used for CPV .............................................................................................. 10
Table 2 – Allocation of test samples to typical test sequences .............................................. 12
Table 3 – Thermal cycle test options for sequence A ............................................................ 29
Table 4 – Humidity freeze test options for sequence B .......................................................... 32
Table 5 – Minimum wind loads .............................................................................................. 38
Table A.1 – Summary of test conditions and requirements .................................................... 42
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC (CPV) MODULES AND ASSEMBLIES –
DESIGN QUALIFICATION AND TYPE APPROVAL
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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indispensable for the correct application of this publication.9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62108 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar photovoltaic energy
systems. It is an International Standard.This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2016. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:a) Changes in the procedure of the thermal cycling test for the active cooling module.
b) Solar simulator I-V measurement.---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – IEC 62108:2022 © IEC 2022
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
82/2024/FDIS 82/2046/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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IEC 62108:2022 © IEC 2022 – 7 –
CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC (CPV) MODULES AND ASSEMBLIES –
DESIGN QUALIFICATION AND TYPE APPROVAL
1 Scope
This document specifies the minimum requirements for the design qualification and type
approval of concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies suitable for long-term
operation in general open-air climates as defined in IEC 60721-2-1. The test sequence is
partially based on that specified in IEC 61215-1 for the design qualification and type approval
of flat-plate terrestrial crystalline silicon PV modules. However, some changes have been made
to account for the special features of CPV receivers and modules, particularly with regard to
the separation of on-site and in-lab tests, effects of tracking alignment, high current density,
and rapid temperature changes, which have resulted in the formulation of some new test
procedures or new requirements.The object of this test document is to determine the electrical, mechanical, and thermal
characteristics of the CPV modules and assemblies and to show, as far as possible within
reasonable constraints of cost and time, that the CPV modules and assemblies are capable of
withstanding prolonged exposure in climates described in the scope. The actual life of CPV
modules and assemblies so qualified will depend on their design, production, environment, and
the conditions under which they are operated.This document is used in conjunction with the retest guidelines described in Annex B.
2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60664-1:2020, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage supply systems –
Part 1: Principles, requirements and testsIEC 60721-2-1, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 2-1: Environmental conditions
appearing in nature – Temperature and humidityIEC 60904-1:2020, Photovoltaic devices – Part 1: Measurement of photovoltaic current-voltage
characteristicsIEC 60904-1-1:2017, Photovoltaic devices – Part 1-1: Measurement of current-voltage
characteristics of multi-junction photovoltaic (PV) devicesIEC TS 60904-1-2:2019, Photovoltaic devices – Part 1-2: Measurement of current-voltage
characteristics of bifacial photovoltaic (PV) devicesIEC 60904-2:2015, Photovoltaic devices – Part 2: Requirements for photovoltaic reference
devicesIEC 60904-3:2019, Photovoltaic devices – Part 3: Measurement principles for terrestrial
photovoltaic (PV) solar devices with reference spectral irradiance data---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
– 8 – IEC 62108:2022 © IEC 2022
IEC 60904-4:2019, Photovoltaic devices – Part 4: Photovoltaic reference devices – Procedures
for establishing calibration traceabilityIEC 60904-5:2011, Photovoltaic devices – Part 5: Determination of the equivalent cell
temperature (ECT) of photovoltaic (PV) devices by the open-circuit voltage method
IEC 60904-7:2019, Photovoltaic devices – Part 7: Computation of the spectral mismatch
correction for measurements of photovoltaic devicesIEC 60904-8:2014, Photovoltaic devices – Part 8: Measurement of spectral responsivity of a
photovoltaic (PV) deviceIEC 60904-8-1:2017, Photovoltaic devices – Part 8-1: Measurement of spectral responsivity of
multi-junction photovoltaic (PV) devicesIEC 61140:2016, Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and
equipmentIEC 61210:2010, Connecting devices – Flat quick-connect terminations for electrical copper
conductors – Safety requirementsIEC 61215-1:2021, Terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type
approval – Part 1: Test requirementsIEC 61215-2:2021, Terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type
approval – Part 2: Test pro...
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