IEC 60728-13-1:2012
(Main)Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services - Part 13-1: Bandwidth expansion for broadcast signal over FTTH system
Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services - Part 13-1: Bandwidth expansion for broadcast signal over FTTH system
IEC 60728-13-1:2012(E) precisely describes the fibre to the home (FTTH) system for expanding broadband broadcast signal transmission from CATV services only, towards CATV plus broadcast satellite (BS) plus communication satellite (CS) services, additionally to other various signals such as data services. It does not include IP transport technologies.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 60728-13-1
®
Edition 1.0 2012-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services –
Part 13-1: Bandwidth expansion for broadcast signal over FTTH system
IEC 60728-13-1:2012(E)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
Copyright © 2012 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé Fax: +41 22 919 03 00
CH-1211 Geneva 20 info@iec.ch
Switzerland www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
Useful links:
IEC publications search - www.iec.ch/searchpub Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The advanced search enables you to find IEC publications The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and
by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical electrical terms containing more than 30 000 terms and
committee,…). definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in
It also gives information on projects, replaced and additional languages. Also known as the International
withdrawn publications. Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) on-line.
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication
details all new publications released. Available on-line and or need further assistance, please contact the
also once a month by email. Customer Service Centre: csc@iec.ch.
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC 60728-13-1
®
Edition 1.0 2012-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services –
Part 13-1: Bandwidth expansion for broadcast signal over FTTH system
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XA
ICS 33.160.01; 33.180.01 ISBN 978-2-88912-044-4
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – 60728-13-1 © IEC:2012(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols . 16
3.3 Abbreviations . 17
4 Optical system reference model. 18
5 Preparation of measurement . 19
5.1 Environmental conditions . 19
5.1.1 Standard measurement conditions . 19
5.1.2 Standard operating condition . 19
5.1.3 Standard signal and measuring equipment . 19
5.2 Accuracy of measuring equipment . 20
5.3 Source power . 20
6 Methods of measurement . 20
6.1 Measuring points and parameters . 20
6.1.1 General . 20
6.1.2 Measuring points . 20
6.1.3 Measuring parameters . 21
6.2 Optical power . 22
6.3 Optical wavelength . 22
6.4 Carrier level and carrier-to-noise ratio . 22
6.4.1 General . 22
6.4.2 Measurement setup . 22
6.4.3 Measurement conditions . 23
6.4.4 Measurement method for xPSK signals . 23
6.4.5 Presentation of the results . 23
6.5 Carrier-to-noise ratio defined by optical signal . 23
6.5.1 General . 23
6.5.2 Measuring points and measurement setup . 23
6.5.3 Measurement conditions . 24
6.5.4 System RIN measurement method . 24
6.5.5 C/N calculation based on RIN value . 26
6.5.6 Calculation of component RIN . 27
6.6 Optical modulation index . 27
6.7 Carrier-to-crosstalk ratio (CCR) . 28
7 Specification of optical system for broadcast signal transmission . 28
7.1 Analogue and digital broadcast system over optical network . 28
7.2 International TV systems . 28
7.3 Relationship between RIN and C/N . 29
7.4 Optical wavelength . 31
7.5 Frequency of source signal . 32
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
60728-13-1 © IEC:2012(E) – 3 –
7.6 Optical system specification for satellite signal transmission . 32
7.7 C/N ratio specification for in-house and in-building wirings . 32
7.8 Crosstalk due to optical fibre non-linearity . 33
7.9 Single frequency interference level due to fibre non-linearity . 33
7.10 Environment condition . 33
Annex A (informative) Actual service systems and design considerations . 34
Annex B (informative) Wavelength division multiplexing . 46
Annex C (informative) Minimum wavelength separation . 53
Annex D (informative) Relation between C/N degradation and rain attenuation . 57
Bibliography . 59
Figure 1 – FTTH Cable TV system using one-wavelength . 18
Figure 2 – FTTH Cable TV system using two wavelengths . 18
Figure 3 – Performance specified points of the optical system . 19
Figure 4 – Measuring points in a typical video distribution system . 21
Figure 5 – Measurement of optical wavelength using WDM coupler . 22
Figure 6 – Measurement of carrier level and carrier-to-noise ratio . 22
Figure 7 – Measuring points in a typical FTTH system . 23
Figure 8 – RIN measurement setup . 24
Figure 9 – Performance allocation and measuring points . 28
Figure 10 – Section of C/N ratio specification (38 dB) for in-house wiring . 33
Figure 11 – Section of C/N ratio specification (24 dB) for in-building wiring (in case of
coaxial cable distribution after V-ONU) . 33
Figure A.1 – Example of a multi-channel service system of one million terminals . 34
Figure A.2 – Example of a multi-channel service system of 2 000 terminals . 35
Figure A.3 – Example of a multi-channel with CS supplementary service system of
2 000 terminals . 35
Figure A.4 – Example of retransmission service system with 144 terminals . 36
Figure A.5 – Example of retransmission service system with 72 terminals . 36
Figure A.6 – System performance calculation Model No.1 . 39
Figure A.7 – System performance calculation Model No.2 . 40
Figure A.8 – System performance calculation Model No.3 . 41
Figure A.9 – System performance calculation Model No.4 . 42
Figure A.10 – System performance calculation Model No.5 . 43
Figure A.11 – System performance calculation model No.6 . 44
Figure B.1 – Linear crosstalk between two wavelengths . 49
Figure B.2 – Wavelength dependency of Raman crosstalk . 50
Figure B.3 – Nonlinear crosstalk between two wavelengths . 50
Figure B.4 – Frequency dependency of cross phase modulation . 51
Figure B.5 – C/N degradation (two wavelengths into one V-ONU case) . 52
Figure C.1 – Experimental results of RIN degradation due to optical beat . 54
Figure C.2 – Wavelength variation of DWDM transmitter against ambient temperature . 54
Figure C.3 – Wavelength variation of CWDM transmitter against ambient temperature . 55
Figure C.4 – Example of wavelength division multiplexing using WDM filter . 55
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
– 4 – 60728-13-1 © IEC:2012(E)
Figure C.5 – Example of CWDM filter design . 56
Figure C.6 – Example of wavelength division multiplexing using optical coupler . 56
Table 1 – Level of RF signals . 13
Table 2 – Measuring instruments . 20
Table 3 – Measuring points and measured parameters . 21
Table 4 – Parameters used to calculate the C/N when signals of multiple wavelengths
are received by a single V-ONU . 27
Table 5 – Minimum RF signal-to-noise ratio requirements in operation . 28
Table 6 – Types of broadcast services . 30
Table 7 – Type of service and minimum operational RIN values for Satellite services . 31
Table 8 – Performance of optical wavelength and power . 31
Table 9 – Optical system specification . 32
Table 10 – Section of C/N ratio specification for in-house/in-building wiring . 32
Table 11 – Interference level due to fibre non-linearity . 33
Table A.1 – Basic system parameters . 37
Table B.1 – Example nominal central frequencies of the DWDM grid . 47
Table B.2 – Nominal central wavelength for spacing of 20 nm (ITU-T G.694.2) . 49
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
60728-13-1 © IEC:2012(E) – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
CABLE NETWORKS FOR TELEVISION SIGNALS,
SOUND SIGNALS AND INTERACTIVE SERVICES –
Part 13-1: Bandwidth expansion for broadcast signal
over FTTH system
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in
addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses
arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60728-13-1 has been prepared by technical area 5: Cable networks
for television signals, sound signal and interactive services, of IEC technical committee 100:
Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
100/1801/CDV 100/1931/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The list of all the parts of the IEC 60728 series under the general title Cable networks for
television signals, sound signals and interactive services, can found on the IEC website.
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – 60728-13-1 © IEC:2012(E)
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
A bilingual version of this standard may be issued at a later date.
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
60728-13-1 © IEC:2012(E) – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
Standards of the IEC 60728 series deal with cable networks including equipment and associated
methods of measurement for headend reception, processing and distribution of television
signals, sound signals and their associated data signals and for processing, interfacing and
transmitting all kinds of signals for interactive services using all applicable transmission media.
This includes
• CATV networks,
• MATV networks and SMATV networks,
• individual receiving networks
and all kinds of equipment, systems and installations installed in such networks.
NOTE CATV encompasses the Hybrid Fibre Coaxial (HFC) networks used nowadays to provide telecommunications
services, voice, data, audio and video both broadcast and narrowcast.
The extent of this standardization work is from the antennas, special signal source inputs to the
headend or other interface points to the network up to the terminal input.
The standardization of any user terminals (i.e. tuners, receivers, decoders, terminals, etc.) as
well as of any coaxial and optical cables and accessories thereof is excluded.
In this standard, informative Annex A describes the system composition and model system
based on this standard, and Annex B describes basic concepts for optical wavelength division
multiplexing and adds notes for system configuration. Annex C gives the minimum wavelength
separation, and Annex D explains the relationship between C/N degradation and rain
attenuation.
This standard describes the pass-through method of satellite broadcast signals over the FTTH
system which uses AM-FDM (SCM) transmission. For an FTTH system below 1 GHz refer
to IEC 60728-13. This standard contains descriptions of the measurement methods and
specifications for optical wavelength division multiplex and for PSK modulation systems. It
specifies the downstream video signal transmission and thus the two-way optical transmission
system is out of the scope of this standard.This standard applies to the FTTH system of
broadband broadcast signal transmission which conveys satellite broadcast signals using one or
multiple optical wavelengths. It is provided for cable/satellite operators to extend their
broadband services in order to avoid interference between optical wavelengths based on the
technologies described in IEC 60728-13.
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
– 8 – 60728-13-1 © IEC:2012(E)
CABLE NETWORKS FOR TELEVISION SIGNALS,
SOUND SIGNALS AND INTERACTIVE SERVICES –
Part 13-1: Bandwidth expansion for broadcast signal
over FTTH system
1 Scope
The purpose of this part of IEC 60728 is the precise description of the fibre to the home (FTTH)
system for expanding broadband broadcast signal transmission from CATV services only,
towards CATV plus broadcast satellite (BS) plus communication satellite (CS) services,
additionally to other various signals such as data services.
The scope is limited to the RF signal transmission over the FTTH (fibre to the home) system.
Thus, this part of IEC 60728 does not include IP transport technologies.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
IEC 60068-1:1988, Environmental testing – Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 60728-1:2007, Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive
services – Part 1: System performance of forward paths
IEC 60728-6:2011, Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive
services – Part 6: Optical equipment
IEC 60728-13:2010, Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive
services – Part 13: Optical systems for broadcast signal transmissions
IEC 61280-1-3, Fibre optic communication subsystem test procedures – Part 1-3 General
communication subsystems – Central wavelength and spectral width measurement
ITU-T Recommendation G.694.1, Spectral grids for WDM applications: CWDM wavelength
grid
ITU-T Recommendation G.694.2, Spectral grids for WDM applications: CWDM wavelength
grid
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
60728-13-1 © IEC:2012(E) – 9 –
3.1.1
optical transmitting unit
optical transmitter
Tx
transmit fibre optic terminal device accepting at its input port an electrical signal and providing at
its output port an optical carrier modulated by that input signal
[SOURCE: IEC 61931:1998, definition 2.9.6]
Note 1 to entry: For the purposes of this standard, optical transmitters may have more than one input port accepting
electrical RF signals.
Note 2 to entry: This piece of equipment amplifies frequency multiplexed electrical signals and converts these
electrical signals into optical signals. The optical wavelength is a 1 500 nm band (1 550 ± 10 nm in 1 530 nm to
1 625 nm region).
Note 3 to entry: The wavelength and necessary wavelength separation are described in Annexes B and C,
respectively.
[SOURCE: IEC 60728-13:2010, definition 3.1.1, modified – Note 3 has been added]
3.1.2
optical receiving unit
optical receiver
Rx
receive fibre optic terminal device accepting at its input port a modulated optical carrier, and
providing at its output port the corresponding demodulated electrical signal (with the associated
clock, if digital)
Note 1 to entry: For the purposes of this standard, optical receivers may have more than one output port providing
electrical RF signals.
[SOURCE: IEC/TR 61931:1998, definition 2.9.7, modified – Note 1 has been added]
3.1.3
optical amplifier
optical waveguide device containing a suitably pumped, active medium which is able to amplify
an optical signal
Note 1 to entry: In this standard, Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifier (EDFA) is used for amplification in the 1 550 nm
band.
Note 2 to entry: There are several methods based on wavelength to be used for amplification. The term “Erbium
Doped Fibre Amplifier (EDFA)” is the synonym of optical amplifier in this standard.
[SOURCE: IEC/TR 61931:1998, definition 2.7.75, modified – Notes 1 and 2 have been added]
3.1.4
fibre optic branching device
optical fibre coupler
splitter
optical fibre device, possessing three or more optical ports, which shares optical power among
its ports in a predetermined fashion, at the same wavelength or wavelengths, without
wavelength conversion
Note 1 to entry: The ports may be connected to fibres, detectors, etc.
[SOURCE: IEC/TR 61931:1998, definition 2.6.21, modified – The term has been clarified]
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
– 10 – 60728-13-1 © IEC:2012(E)
3.1.5
multiplexing device
WDM device
wavelength selective branching device (used in WDM transmission systems) in which optical
signals can be transferred between two predetermined ports, depending on the wavelength of
the signal
[SOURCE: IEC 61931:1998, definition 2.6.51]
3.1.6
optical modulation index
OMI
th
optical modulation index of k RF carrier, is defined as
m
k
φφ−
h l
m =
k
φφ+
hl
total optical modulation index, M is defined as
K
2
Mm=
∑ k
k =1
where
is the highest and
φ
h
is the lowest instantaneous optical power of the intensity modulated optical signal,
φ
l
K is the total number of RF carriers and
M is the total optical modulation index.
Note 1 to entry: This term is mainly used for analogue systems.
[SOURCE: IEC 60728-13:2010, definition 3.1.6]
3.1.7
relative intensity noise
RIN
ratio of the mean square of the intensity fluctuations in the optical power of a light source to the
square of the mean of the optical output power
-1
Note 1 to entry: The RIN is usually expressed in dB(Hz ) resulting in negative values.
Note 2 to entry: The value of RIN can also be calculated from the results of a carrier-to-noise measurement for the
system.
[SOURCE: IEC 60728-13:2010, definition 3.1.8]
[SOURCE: IEC 60728-6:2011, definition 3.1.12]
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
60728-13-1 © IEC:2012(E) – 11 –
3.1.8
responsivity
ratio of an optical detector’s electrical output to its optical input at a given wavelength
Note 1 to entry: The responsivity is generally expressed in ampere per watt or volt per watt of incident radiant power.
Note 2 to entry: Sensitivity is sometimes used as an imprecise synonym for responsivity.
Note 3 to entry: The wavelength interval around the given wavelength may be specified.
[SOURCE: IEC 60728-6:2011, definition 3.1.14]
3.1.9
wavelength
distance covered in a period by the wavefront of a harmonic plane wave
Note 1 to entry: The wavelength λ of light in vacuum is given by
c
λ =
f
where
8
c is the speed of light in vacuum (c ≈ 2,997 92 × 10 m/s)
f is the optical frequency
Note 2 to entry: Although the wavelength in dielectric material, such as fibres, is shorter than in vacuum, only the
wavelength of light in vacuum is used.
[SOURCE: IEC 60728-6:2011, definition 3.1.16]
3.1.10
centre wavelength
average of those wavelengths at which the amplitude of a light source reaches or last falls to half
of the maximum amplitude
[SOURCE: IEC 60728-6:2011, definition 3.1.23]
3.1.11
vestigial sideband
AM-VSB signal
sideband in which only the spectral
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.