IEC 62702-1-1:2016
(Main)Audio archive system - Part 1-1: DVD disk and data migration for long term audio data storage
Audio archive system - Part 1-1: DVD disk and data migration for long term audio data storage
IEC 62702-1-1:2016 specifies a method of data-quality assurance for writable DVD disks (hereinafter disks) which are specified for long term data storage, and a data migration method which can sustain the recorded data on disks for long term audio data preservation. The writable disks include recordable disks such as DVD-R, and R format, and rewritable disks such as DVD-RW, RW format and DVD-RAM.
The contents of the corrigendum of February 2018 have been included in this copy.
Système d'archivage audio - Partie 1-1: Disque DVD et migration de données pour le stockage à long terme des données audio
L'IEC 62702-1-1:2016 spécifie une méthode d'assurance de la qualité des données pour les disques DVD inscriptibles (ci-après appelés "disques") qui sont prévus pour le stockage à long terme des données, ainsi qu'une méthode de migration des données capable de conserver les données enregistrées sur les disques de manière à assurer la préservation à long terme des données audio. Les disques inscriptibles incluent les disques enregistrables DVD-R, le format R, ainsi que les disques réenregistrables DVD-RW, RW et DVD-RAM.
Le contenu du corrigendum de février 2018 a été pris en considération dans cet exemplaire.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 62702-1-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2016-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Audio archive system –
Part 1-1: DVD disk and data migration for long-term audio data storage
Système d'archivage audio –
Partie 1-1: Disque DVD et migration de données pour le stockage à long terme
des données audio
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IEC 62702-1-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2016-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Audio archive system –
Part 1-1: DVD disk and data migration for long-term audio data storage
Système d'archivage audio –
Partie 1-1: Disque DVD et migration de données pour le stockage à long terme
des données audio
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 33.160.30; 35.220.30 ISBN 978-2-8322-3285-9
– 2 – IEC 62702-1-1:2016 IEC 2016
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Disk and lifetime for long-term audio data storage . 9
4.1 Disk for long-term audio data storage . 9
4.2 Lifetime estimation . 9
4.3 B Life for long-term audio data storage . 9
mig
4.4 Estimated-lifetime rank and display colour . 10
4.4.1 Estimated-lifetime rank and display colour identification . 10
4.4.2 B Life and display colour indication on disks and packages . 10
mig
5 Test condition, test methods and disks for audio data migration . 10
5.1 Ambient conditions for testing . 10
5.2 Test methods . 11
5.2.1 Playback test drive . 11
5.2.2 Test area of recorded disk . 11
5.2.3 Recording test drive . 11
5.3 Test drive calibration. 11
6 Test result evaluation . 11
6.1 Initial performance test result evaluation . 11
6.2 Periodic performance test evaluation . 12
6.3 Reporting items. 13
6.3.1 Initial performance test result . 13
6.3.2 Periodic performance test result . 13
6.4 Management of reporting item . 13
6.5 Test and migration intervals . 13
7 Prevention of deterioration . 14
Annex A (informative) Guideline of usage and indication . 15
A.1 Usage of lifetime rank . 15
A.2 Lifetime rank indication and place . 15
A.2.1 Lifetime rank indication . 15
A.2.2 Indication example . 15
Annex B (informative) Recommendations on handling, storage and cleaning conditions
for DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD-RAM, +R, and +RW disks . 16
B.1 Handling . 16
B.2 Storage . 16
B.3 Cleaning . 17
Annex C (informative) Guideline of disk history record . 18
Bibliography . 24
Figure 1 – Data migration flow for DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD-RAM, +R, and +RW disks . 13
Figure A.1 – Indication example . 15
Table 1 – Category of initial recording performance . 12
Table 2 – Category of recording performance at periodic performance test . 12
Table B.1 – Recommended conditions for general storage . 16
Table B.2 – Recommended conditions for Controlled storage . 16
Table C.1 – Sectors of the disk history file . 19
Table C.2 – Byte content of sector 0 ~7 of the disk history file . 20
Table C.3 – Byte format of sector 8 to 15 and 9 to the following of the disk history file . 22
– 4 – IEC 62702-1-1:2016 IEC 2016
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
AUDIO ARCHIVE SYSTEM –
Part 1-1: DVD disk and data migration for long-term audio data storage
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
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patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62702-1-1 has been prepared by technical area 6: Storage media,
storage data structures, storage systems and equipment, of IEC technical committee 100:
Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
100/2449/CDV 100/2518/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
The contents of the corrigendum of February 2018 have been included in this copy.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
– 6 – IEC 62702-1-1:2016 IEC 2016
INTRODUCTION
Sound recordings such as music, speech, and storytelling are an important human heritage
and should be preserved for as long as possible. However, we were not able to record sounds
in order to preserve them in the past. The first recoding was achieved by Edison in 1877.
Although various technologies were invented later, most of them have limitations for audio
archives because storage life time is limited and the sound quality deteriorates when it is
transferred to the next generation storage device.
The progress of LSI technology made digital recording of recorded sound possible. The digital
recording is very suitable for audio archiving because the migration is performed by copying
digital data.
For this purpose various recording materials exist, such as optical disks, magnetic disks,
magnetic tape and nonvolatile memory such as a phase change memory.
This International Standard specifies physical and logical aspects for a standard of audio
archives of various storage types which are typically used for audio archives in markets.
The IEC 62702 series currently consists of:
Part 1 specifies the minimum requirements on physical aspects of optical disks for digital
sound recordings. Part 1-1 specifies DVD optical disks, and Part 1-2 specifies BD optical
disks.
Part 2 specifies the minimum requirements for digitization of content, format of digitised
content, content information and media inspection.
AUDIO ARCHIVE SYSTEM –
Part 1-1: DVD disk and data migration for long-term audio data storage
1 Scope
This part of IEC 62702 specifies a method of data-quality assurance for writable DVD disks
(hereinafter disks) which are specified for long-term data storage, and a data migration
method which can sustain the recorded data on disks for long-term audio data preservation.
The writable disks include recordable disks such as DVD-R, and +R format, and rewritable
disks such as DVD-RW, +RW format and DVD-RAM.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 16448:2002, Information technology – 120 mm DVD – Read-only disk
ISO/IEC 16963, Information technology – Digitally recorded media for information
interchange and storage – Test method for the estimation of lifetime of optical media for long-
term data storage
ISO/IEC 29121:2013, Information technology – Digitally recorded media for information
interchange and storage – Data migration method for DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD-RM, +R, and
+RW disks
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
BER max
maximum byte error rate at any consecutive 32 ECC blocks on a disk as measured in the first
pass of the decoder before correction
Note 1 to entry: BER max is applied to DVD-RAM disks.
Note 2 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
3.2
B Life
mig
lifetime for use of data migration and identical to B Life which is 0,000 001 quantile of
0,0001
the lifetime distribution (i.e. 0,000 1 % failure time) or 99,999 9 % survival lifetime
3.3
B Life
5 percentile of the lifetime distribution (i.e. 5 % failure time) or 95 % survival lifetime
– 8 – IEC 62702-1-1:2016 IEC 2016
3.4
(B Life)
5 L
95 % lower confidence bound of B Life
3.5
B Life
50 percentile of the lifetime distribution (i.e. 50 % failure time) or 50 % survival lifetime
3.6
data migration
process to copy data from one storage device or medium to another
3.7
error correction code
ECC
mathematical computation yielding check bytes used for the detection and correction of errors
in data
Note 1 to entry: For DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD-RAM, +R, and +RW disks, the Reed-Solomon product code defined in
ISO/IEC 16448:2002 for DVD-ROM systems is applied.
Note 2 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
3.8
error rate
rate of errors on the recorded disk measured before error correction is applied
3.9
initial performance test
test of the recording performance of data recorded on a disk before storing
3.10
lifetime
time that information is retrievable in a system
3.11
PIE SUM 8 max
maximum inner parity error at any consecutive 8 ECC blocks on a disk as measured in the
first pass of the decoder before correction
Note 1 to entry: PIE SUM 8 max is applied to DVD-R, DVD-RW, +R, and +RW disks.
Note 2 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
3.12
periodic performance test
periodic test of the recording performance of data recorded on a disk during the storage
3.13
retrievability
ability to recover physical information as recorded
3.14
substrate
transparent layer of the disk, provided for mechanical support of the recording or recorded
layer, through which the optical beam accesses the recordable/recorded layer
3.15
system
combination of hardware, software, storage medium and documentation used to record,
retrieve and reproduce information
3.16
uncorrectable error
error in the playback data that could not be corrected by the error correcting decoders
3.17
X Life
mig
migration interval (year) determined by user
3.18
Controlled storage-condition
well-controlled storage conditions with full-time air conditioning (25 °C and 50 % RH) in which
the lifetime of data stored on optical media may be extended
Note 1 to entry: Refer ISO/IEC 16963.
4 Disk and lifetime for long-term audio data storage
4.1 Disk for long-term audio data storage
A disk with a specified lifetime should be used for long-term audio data storage. A disk with
an unspecified lifetime should not be used.
4.2 Lifetime estimation
For the purposes of this standard, the lifetime of a disk shall be derived from the
measurements specified in ISO/IEC 16963. The Eyring method is used for lifetime estimation
under Controlled storage conditions (25 °C /50 %RH).
In ISO/IEC 16963, the estimated lifetime can be defined variously as B Life, B Life and the
50 5
95 % lower confidence bound of B Life (= (B Life) ) and described as follows.
5 5 L
ˆ
B Life = exp (lnB )
50 50
ˆ ˆ ˆ
= exp (β +β x +β x ),
0 1 10 2 20
ˆ
B Life = exp (lnB )
ˆ ˆ ˆ
ˆ
= exp (β +β x +β x − 1,64σ ),
0 1 10 2 20
where, {x , x } denotes the Controlled storage-condition (25 °C and 50 % RH).
10 20
Also, the 95 % lower confidence bound of B Life becomes
ˆ
ˆ
(B Life) ≅ exp(lnB −1,64σ ) .
5 L
ˆ ˆ ˆ
ˆ
β ,β , β and estimated variance of residual errors σ are obtained using regression
0 2 2
analysis of time-to-failure data.
4.3 B Life for long-term audio data storage
mig
The estimated lifetime of B Life means 5 % of the products reach failure. It is widely used in
other contexts. However, from the viewpoint of the reliability of long-term audio storage to
– 10 – IEC 62702-1-1:2016 IEC 2016
retain the integrity of the original data, it is not appropriate to use B Life as the estimated
lifetime when determining a test interval and deciding on data migration.
In the case of audio data migration, it is necessary to have a sufficiently low failure probability.
The time at which one millionth of the products reach failure shall define the estimated lifetime
in this standard to determine test intervals and migration interval. B Life is 0,000 001
0,000 1
quantile of the lifetime distribution (i.e. 0,000 1% failure time) and expressed as B Life in
mig
this standard. B Life can be calculated using B Life and B Life as follows (see also
mig 50 5
Annex E in ISO/IEC 29121:2013)
ˆ ˆ
lnB − lnB
ˆ ˆ 50 5
ˆ
B Life=exp(lnB −4,75σ)=exp lnB −4,75
0,000 1 50 50
1,64
ˆ ˆ
( )
= exp 2,9 lnB −1,9 lnB
5 50
Thus
ˆ ˆ
B Life= B Life= exp(2,9 lnB − 1,9 lnB )
mig 0,000 1 5 50
In actual storage conditions, the temperature and relative humidity may deviate from the
Controlled storage-condition of 25 °C/50 % RH, which changes the estimated lifetime. In this
case, the estimated lifetime should be adjusted according to the estimated lifetime at the
actual storage conditions (see Annex D in ISO/IEC 29121:2013).
4.4 Estimated-lifetime rank and display colour
4.4.1 Estimated-lifetime rank and display colour identification
For audio data migration, rank of B Life and its identifying display colour are defined as
mig
follows.
B Life is over 30 years, the display colour is red.
mig
B Life is over 60 years, the display colour is green.
mig
B Life is over 100 years, the display colour is gold.
mig
Guideline for use of the ranks of B Life and their display colours are shown in Annex A.
mig
4.4.2 B Life and display colour indication on disks and packages
mig
The rank of B Life, its display colour and the reference Controlled storage-condition shall
mig
be indicated both on disk and package, excluding a two sided disk. Indication examples for
ranks and their colours are shown in Annex A.
5 Test condition, test methods and disks for audio data migration
5.1 Ambient conditions for testing
When performing recordings or playbacks, the air immediately surrounding the disk should
have the following properties:
Recording condition 20 °C to 45 °C
Playback condition
20 °C to 45 °C
5.2 Test methods
5.2.1 Playback test drive
The playback speed of the test drive should be:
4 × CLV (constant linear velocity),
for DVD-R, DVD-RW, +R format and +RW format disks
or 6 × CLV
for DVD-RAM disk 2 × CAV (constant angular velo-
city), 3 × CAV, or 5 × CAV
5.2.2 Test area of recorded disk
The whole recorded data area should be tested.
In case of a DVD-RAM disk, the replaced data in the defect management area, instead of the
defect data in the user area, should be tested.
5.2.3 Recording test drive
The recording speed of the test drive should be:
4 × CLV or 6 × CLV
For DVD-R, DVD-RW, +R format and +RW format
disks
For a DVD-RAM disk 2 × CAV, 3 × CAV or 5 × CAV
The test drive should implement the multi-session and multi-border method for recordable
disks and the DVD-RW rewritable disk. Archive data shall be recorded in the first session or
border. The history information can be recorded on the second or subsequent session or
border.
The test drive should implement the incremental write method for the DVD-RAM and +RW
format rewritable disks. Data can be written to the formatted disk by simply recording files.
The history information can be recorded on the disk as additional file record.
5.3 Test drive calibration
The playback and recording test drive(s) shall be calibrated by using a calibration disk
prepared by the test drive manufacturer and using the calibration procedure specified by the
manufacturer. The calibration shall be done at the intervals recommended by the
manufacturer.
6 Test result evaluation
6.1 Initial performance test result evaluation
When data are recorded on disks, the initial recording performance on the whole recorded
area shall be checked. The initial recording performance shall be categorized as Level 1, 2
and 3 using PIE SUM 8 max for DVD-R, DVD-RW, +R, and +RW disks, and BER max for
DVD-RAM as shown in Table 1.
At least, the initial recording performance shall be within Level 1. Disks showing the initial
recording performance of Level 2 should not be used for long-term audio data storage, and
those of Level 3 are out of the specification and shall not be used.
If the initial recording performance is worse than Level 1, the performance of the drive used
for recording the data should be verified because PIE SUM 8 max and BER max depend on
the performance of both disks and drives. If the drive is not good, the drive should be
replaced. If the disk is not good, another batch of disks should be used.
– 12 – IEC 62702-1-1:2016 IEC 2016
Table 1 – Category of initial recording performance
DVD-R, DVD-RW,
DVD-RAM
Level Status +R, +RW
BER max
PIE SUM 8 max
−4
1 Recommended <140 <5,0 × 10
−4 −3
2 Should not be used 140 to 280
5,0 × 10 to 1,0 × 10
−3
3 Shall not be used >280 >1,0 × 10
6.2 Periodic performance test evaluation
Disks used for storing data should be periodically checked with the test interval described in
Clause 6. The recording performance at the periodic performance test is categorized in Levels
4, 5 and 6 using PIE SUM 8 max for DVD-R, DVD-RW, +R, and +RW disks, and BER max for
DVD-RAM as shown in Table 2.
If the recording performance is within Level 4, the disk is good enough to continue to be
stored.
If the recording performance is within Level 5, the data stored on the disk shall be migrated to
another disk as soon as possible.
If the recording performance is in Level 6, the data stored on the disk shall be copied to
another disk immediately, as far as the data can be retrieved. Please note that in Level 6,
PIE SUM 8 max and BER max are high enough that the retrieved data may contain
uncorrectable errors.
Data migration flow for the initial performance test and periodic performance test is shown in
Figure 1.
Table 2 – Category of recording performance at periodic performance test
DVD-R, DVD-RW,
DVD-RAM
+R, +RW
Level Status
BER max
PIE SUM 8 max
−4
4 Use as it is <200 <7,1 × 10
Migrate data
−4 −3
5 200 to 280
7,1 × 10 to 1,0 × 10
as soon as possible
−3
6 Migrate data immediately >280 >1,0 × 10
Disk
Level 3: Shall not use
PIE SUM 8 max
Level 2: Should not use
or BER max
Test drive
Level 1: Recommend to use
Initial
performance test
Data are recorded and
disk will be kept in a certain environment
Disk
Level 6: Migrate data immediately
PIE SUM 8 max
Level 5: Migrate data as soon as possible
or BER max
Test drive
Periodic
Level 4: Use as it is
performance test
IEC
Figure 1 – Data migration flow for DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD-RAM, +R, and +RW disks
6.3 Reporting items
6.3.1 Initial performance test result
The date and year of the initial test, the measured errors result and the evaluation result shall
be reported as part of the history of this disk. The disk type and manufacturer name, the
specified rank of disk, and the next testing year and date should be reported. Moreover, the
test drive manufacturer, model name and serial number should be reported.
6.3.2 Periodic performance test result
At each periodic test, the date and year of the test, the measured errors result, and history of
evaluation results shall be reported. The disk type and manufacturer name, and the specified
rank of the disk should be reported. Moreover, the test drive manufacturer, model name and
serial number should be reported.
6.4 Management of reporting item
Reporting items shall be reported to the host computer.
Reporting items should be recorded on the disk which can then be used (see Annex C).
6.5 Test and migration intervals
In this standard, the test interval between periodic performance tests shall be set at half of
B Life. Therefore the test interval for each rank of disk with display colour red, green and
mig
gold will be 15 years, 30 years and 50 years respectively.
If a disk with an unspecified lifetime is used, it should be tested every three years or less.
– 14 – IEC 62702-1-1:2016 IEC 2016
Generational changes of the system, including reading devices, the file structures and
applications, that occur during the normal migration interval may affect readability in addition
to the quality of the disk itself. For safety, or if the stored data has high value, the user may
choose shorter intervals for testing and migration.
In consideration of these factors, the migration interval is defined as X (years) and this
mig
value shall be determined by the user of this standard.
Actual test interval and data migration using B Life (herein after B ) and X are as
mig mig mig
follows.
a) If X − B /2 is larger than 0, then the test interval of the first periodic performance test
mig mig
is B /2 years, with continued storage. (See Annex F in ISO/IEC 29121:2013.)
mig
b) If X − B /2 is less than or equal to 0, then the test interval of the first periodic
mig mig
performance test is X (years), the data migration has been carried out regardless of the
mig
test result.
If the test interval is very long, a sampling check of the stored disks should be carried out at
shorter intervals. The occurrence of retrievability problems or long read times may indicate an
immediate need for detailed testing.
When tests indicate deterioration of one disk, additional tests may be performed on other
disks of the same type, age, or batch to ascertain their condition. Replacement of all similarly
affected disks should be considered if such additional tests indicate significant problems.
7 Prevention of deterioration
Necessary precautions shall be taken to reduce the possibility of deterioration, in order to
assure the integrity of the disks during their use, storage, handling, or transportation. Causes
of deterioration and their effects are indicated in Annex B.
Annex A
(informative)
Guideline of usage and indication
A.1 Usage of lifetime rank
This annex describes how to choose the disk rank which is most desirable as audio
information storage.
a) Display colour: red, (indicated B Life is over 30 years)
mig
A disk of this rank may be used for general purpose storage of audio information.
b) Display colour: Green,（indicated B Life is over 60 years）
mig
A disk of this rank may be used for long-term audio information storage or important audio
information.
c) Display colour: Gold, (indicated B Life is over 100 years)
mig
A disk of this rank may be used for specially important audio information or historically
valuable audio information.
A.2 Lifetime rank indication and place
A.2.1 Lifetime rank indication
Disk and/or disk packages should display the specified lifetime rank and display colour. Two-
sided disks should display the specified lifetime rank and display colour on the packages only.
A.2.2 Indication example
Figure A.1 shows typical indication examples together with B Life, display colour and
mig
storage condition for reference.
B Life 30 Years B Life 60 Years B Life 100 Years
mig mig mig
Storage condition Storage condition Storage condition
25 °C / 50 % RH 25 °C / 50 % RH 25 °C / 50 % RH
IEC IEC IEC
Figure A.1 – Indication example
– 16 – IEC 62702-1-1:2016 IEC 2016
Annex B
(informative)
Recommendations on handling, storage and cleaning conditions
for DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD-RAM, +R, and +RW disks
B.1 Handling
Disks intended for long-term audio storage should not be left in readers, nor remain exposed
to light, corrosive atmospheres or solvents, or to extremes of temperature or humidity.
The fragile protective coating on the label surface is vulnerable to damage and should be
protected together with the readout surface. Carefully handle the disk, touching only the outer
edge and inner hole. Never touch the readout surface.
Disks should not be subjected to mechanical stresses that might tend to distort the disk.
Disks should be protected from dust and debris. This is especially important for recordable
and rewritable disks during the recording process. The use of a deionizing environment is
recommended to neutralize static charges on the disk that can attract and retain loose
contaminants.
B.2 Storage
For temporary storage such as in an office environment, the storage environment should be
limited to the ranges given in Table B.1.
Table B.1 – Recommended conditions for general storage
Ambient condition Recommended range
Temperature 5 °C to 30 °C
Relative humidity 15 % to 80 %
3 3
Absolute humidity 1 g/m to 24 g/m
Atmospheric pressure 75 kPa to 106 kPa
Temperature gradient 10ºC per hour maximum
Relative humidity gradient 10 % per hour maximum
For long-term storage, conditions should be more tightly controlled and the storage
environment should be limited to the ranges given in Table B.2.
Table B.2 – Recommended conditions for Controlled storage
Ambient condition Recommended range
Temperature 10 °C to 25 °C
Relative humidity 30 % to 50 %
3 3
Absolute humidity 3 g/m to 12 g/m
Atmospheric pressure 75 kPa to 106 kPa
Temperature gradient 10 °C per hour maximum
Relative humidity gradient 10 % per hour maximum
Conditions that could form condensation of moisture on the disk should be avoided. Cool and
dry storage conditions are preferred. To maintain the desirable temperature and humidity
fluctuation tolerance levels, and to protect against high intensity light and pollutants, DVD-R,
DVD-RW, DVD-RAM, +R, and +RW disks should be stored vertically in clean insulated
containers. Dust or debris in operational or storage locations should be minimized by
appropriate maintenance and monitoring procedures, especially when recording disks.
B.3 Cleaning
Prior to performing cleaning operations of disks containing useful data, tests should be
carried out on disks of the same type and from the same supplier that do not contain any
useful data, in order to ensure that no adverse reaction will occur.
Loose contaminants may be removed by short, one-second bursts of clean, dry air, avoiding
expulsion of cold propellants. If the manufacturer has not supplied any cleaning information,
organic polymer substrate disks can be cleaned using a lint-free cloth of a non-woven fabric
and either clean or soapy water. Do not use detergents or solvents such as alcohol. All wiping
actions should be in a radial direction, taking care not to exert isolated pressure or to scratch
the disks. Never use abrasives. Do not use acrylic liquids, waxes, or other coatings on either
surface.
– 18 – IEC 62702-1-1:2016 IEC 2016
Annex C
(informative)
Guideline of disk history record
With writable disks such as DVD-R, DVD+R and DVD+R DL, and the rewritable disk such as
DVD-RW, the disk history information should be recorded with the multi-session/multi-border
write method.
Archive data should be preserved in the first session or border. The first history information at
the preservation of the archive data should be recorded in the second session or border. This
information is saved as a file named $$HIST$$.000. The size of this file should be 128 sectors
(256 kB = 8ECC). The detail of this file is described later.
The second and the subsequent history information of the periodic inspection results should
be recorded in the third and following session or border as a file named $$HIST$$.n where n
is greater than or equal to 001 and is a 3-digit decimal number. These disk history files are
described in detail later.
The host software is required to appropriately take the archive data out of the first session
even when the multi-session/multi-border write has failed. If the host software cannot
implement such a process, the history information record is prohibited.
When the disk free space is less than 100 MB, no history information should be saved to the
disk.
When no more data can be recorded, the disk should be finalized so that no more additional
record can be implemented.
With the rewritable disk such as DVD-RAM and DVD+RW, disk history information should be
recorded with an incremental write method. In this case, it is recommended that the archive
file and a file named $$HIST$$.000 with the size of 128-sector (256 kB = 8ECC) are
sequentially and successively recorded without a separating space. The files recorded to the
disk should be write-protected, if possible.
Similar to the case for the multi-session/multi-border write method, the history information
should be recorded as the file named $$HIST$$.xxx, where xxx is a 3-digit decimal number
indicating the number of the inspecting operation.
The history files should not be recorded unless all risk to the archive file can be suppressed
when the history information is added to the disk. The history files should also not be
recorded if the free space of the disk is less than 2 MB. In this case, the disk should be write-
protected to prevent that more files are being added to the disk, if possible.
The history files should be stored in the folder with the name of disk ID, which is explained
below:
0 diskID\$$HIST$$.000 at the archive file preservation
1 diskID\$$HIST$$.001 for the first inspection right after the archive file preservation
2 diskID\$$HIST$$.002 for the second inspection
3 diskID\$$HIST$$.003 for the third inspection:
th
m diskID\$$HIST$$.m for the m inspection (m is a 3-digit decimal number);
n diskID\$$HIST$$.MIG at the archive file migration.
With the multi-session/multi-border method, the disk should be finalized after this file is
recorded to inhibit additional recording.
With the incremental write method, the disk should be write-protected if possible, after
recording of this file.
The disk ID should be renamed on the disk to which the archive file is migrated, and the
3-digit decimal of the file extension should be reset to 000, that is, new diskID\$$HIST$$.000
after migration.
$$HIST$$.000 consists of the first 8 sectors of disk history file shown in Table C.1 as sector
0 to 7 and pad data, composing 128 sectors (256 kB = 8ECC). The main data of the
120-sector pad data is all 00h.
$$HIST$$.MIG consists of the first 8 sectors of disk history file shown in Table C.1 as sector
0 to 7 with pad data composing 1ECC. The main data of the pad data is all 00h.
The disk history should be recorded as the file ($$HIST$$.n, where n is a 3-digit decimal
number equal to, or more than 0, or MIG) at the time of the archive file preservation, error rate
inspection and the archive file migration. Those files are composed of the following sectors.
In the following tables, PSN is the value of physical sector number (PSN) where the user
LBA0
area starts. At the address of PSN LBA (Logical Block Address) is equal to 0. PSN is
LBA0, LBA0
31 000 h for DVD-RAM, and 30 000 h for DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD+R and DVD+RW.
Table C.1 – Sectors of the disk history file
Sector Byte Description
0 to 7 0 to 16 383 Information related to disk, drive, and software.
These sectors always exist in all $$HIST$$.n,
...
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