IEC TR 62001-1:2016

High-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems - Guidance to the specification and design evaluation of AC filters - Part 1: Overview

IEC TR 62001-1:2016(E), which is a Technical Report, provides guidance on the specifications of AC filters for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems with line-commutated converters and filter performance calculation. This document deals with the specification and design evaluation of AC side harmonic performance and AC side filters for HVDC schemes. It is intended to be primarily for the use of the utilities and consultants who are responsible for issuing the specifications for new HVDC projects and evaluating designs proposed by prospective suppliers. The scope of this document covers AC side filtering for the frequency range of interest in terms of harmonic distortion and audible frequency disturbances. It excludes filters designed to be effective in the Power Line Carrier (PLC) and radio interference spectra. The bulk of this document concentrates on the "conventional" AC filter technology and line-commutated HVDC converters. The changes entailed by new technologies are also discussed. This first edition of IEC TR 62001-1, together with IEC TR 62001-2, IEC TR 62001-3 and IEC TR 62001-4, cancels and replaces IEC TR 62001 published in 2009. This edition constitutes a technical revision. IEC TR 62001-1 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC TR 62001:
a) Clauses 3 to 5, 7 to 9, 17, 20, Annexes A and C to E have been expanded and supplemented;
b) Annexes C and F on the definition of telephone interference parameters and voltage sourced converters have been added.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 12-May-2016
• ICS: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
• ICS: 29.200 - Rectifiers. Convertors. Stabilized power supply
• Technical Committee: SC 22F - Power electronics for electrical transmission and distribution systems
• Drafting Committee: MT 21 - TC 22/SC 22F/MT 21
• Current Stage: DELPUB - Deleted Publication
• Start Date: 30-Jun-2020
• Completion Date: 13-Jul-2021

Relations

• Replaces: IEC TR 62001:2009 - High-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems - Guidebook to the specification and design evaluation of A.C. filters
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Revised: IEC TR 62001-1:2021 - High-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems - Guidance to the specification and design evaluation of AC filters - Part 1: Overview
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC TR 62001-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2016-05
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
High-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems – Guidance to the specification and
design evaluation of AC filters –

Part 1: Overview
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form

or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from

either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or

your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

IEC Central Office Tel.: [phone]
3, rue de Varembé Fax: [phone]

CH-1211 Geneva 20 [e-mail]
Switzerland www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.

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and withdrawn publications. collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and

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IEC TR 62001-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2016-05
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
High-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems – Guidance to the specification and

design evaluation of AC filters –

Part 1: Overview
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.200 ISBN 978-2-8322-3401-3

– 2 – IEC TR 62001-1:2016 © IEC 2016

CONTENTS
FOREWORD .8

INTRODUCTION . 10

1 Scope . 11

2 Terms and definitions . 11

3 Outline of specifications of AC filters for HVDC systems . 12

3.1 General . 12

3.2 Boundaries of responsibility . 13
3.3 Scope of studies . 14
3.4 Scope of supply . 15
3.5 Technical data to be supplied by contractor . 16
3.6 Alternative proposals by bidders . 16
4 Permissible distortion limits . 17
4.1 General . 17
4.2 Voltage distortion . 18
4.2.1 General . 18
4.2.2 Voltage distortion – Definitions of performance criteria . 18
4.2.3 Voltage distortion – Discussion and recommendations . 18
4.2.4 Voltage distortion – Determination of limits . 19
4.2.5 Voltage distortion – Pre-existing harmonic levels . 22
4.2.6 Voltage distortion – Relaxed limits for short term and infrequent
conditions . 23
4.2.7 Treatment of interharmonic frequencies . 23
4.3 Distortion limits pertaining to the HV and EHV network equipment . 24
4.3.1 HVAC transmission system equipment . 24
4.3.2 Harmonic currents in synchronous machines . 24
4.3.3 Nearby HVDC installations . 25
4.4 Telephone interference . 25
4.4.1 General . 25
4.4.2 Causes of telephone interference . 25
4.4.3 Telephone interference – Definitions of performance criteria. 25
4.4.4 Telephone interference – Discussion . 25
4.4.5 Telephone interference – Determination of limits . 26

4.4.6 Telephone interference – Pre-existing harmonic levels . 28
4.4.7 Telephone interference – Limits for temporary conditions . 28
4.5 Special criteria . 29
5 Harmonic generation . 29
5.1 General . 29
5.2 Converter harmonic generation . 29
5.2.1 Idealized conditions . 29
5.2.2 Realistic conditions . 31
5.3 Calculation methodology . 33
5.3.1 General . 33
5.3.2 Harmonic currents for performance, rating and other calculations . 33
5.3.3 Combining harmonics from different converter bridges . 34
5.3.4 Consistent sets . 34
5.3.5 Harmonic generation for different DC power ranges. 35

5.4 Sensitivity of harmonic generation to various factors . 36

5.4.1 Direct current, control angle and commutation overlap. 36

5.4.2 Effect of asymmetries on characteristic harmonics . 37

5.4.3 Converter equipment parameter tolerances . 37

5.4.4 Tap steps . 37

5.4.5 Theoretically cancelled harmonics . 37

5.4.6 Negative and zero phase sequence voltages . 38

5.4.7 Converter transformer saturation . 38

5.4.8 Harmonic interaction across the converter . 39

5.4.9 Back-to-back systems . 39
5.5 Externally generated harmonics . 39
6 Filter arrangements . 40
6.1 Overview . 40
6.2 Advantages and disadvantages of typical filters . 41
6.3 Classification of filter types . 41
6.4 Tuned filters . 42
6.4.1 Single tuned filters . 42
6.4.2 Double tuned filters . 43
6.4.3 Triple tuned filters . 45
6.5 Damped filters . 46
6.5.1 Single tuned damped filters . 46
6.5.2 Double tuned damped filters. 49
6.6 Choice of filters . 49
7 Filter performance calculation . 50
7.1 Calculation procedure . 50
7.1.1 General . 50
7.1.2 Input data . 51
7.1.3 Methodology . 51
7.1.4 Calculation of converter harmonic currents . 52
7.1.5 Selection of filter types and calculation of their impedances . 52
7.1.6 Calculation of performance . 53
7.2 Detuning and tolerances . 54
7.2.1 General . 54
7.2.2 Detuning factors . 54
7.2.3 Resistance variations . 55

7.2.4 Modelling . 55
7.3 Network impedance for performance calculations . 56
7.3.1 General . 56
7.3.2 Network modelling using impedance envelopes . 57
7.3.3 Sector diagram . 58
7.3.4 Circle diagram . 59
7.3.5 Discrete polygons . 59
7.3.6 Zero-sequence impedance modelling . 61
7.3.7 Detailed modelling of AC network for performance calculation . 61
7.4 Outages of filter banks and sub-banks . 62
7.5 Considerations of probability . 63
7.6 Flexibility regarding compliance . 65
7.7 Ratings of the harmonic filter equipment . 65
8 Filter switching and reactive power management . 65

– 4 – IEC TR 62001-1:2016 © IEC 2016

8.1 General . 6
...

IEC TR 62001-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2016-05
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
High-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems – Guidance to the specification and
design evaluation of AC filters –

Part 1: Overview
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

IEC Central Office Tel.: [phone]
3, rue de Varembé Fax: [phone]
CH-1211 Geneva 20 [e-mail]
Switzerland www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.

IEC Catalogue - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The stand-alone application for consulting the entire The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and
bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, electrical terms containing 20 000 terms and definitions in
Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other English and French, with equivalent terms in 15 additional
documents. Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
iPad. Vocabulary (IEV) online.

IEC publications search - www.iec.ch/searchpub IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a 65 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in English and
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been
and withdrawn publications. collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and

CISPR.
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
details all new publications released. Available online and If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or
also once a month by email. need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: [e-mail].
IEC TR 62001-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2016-05
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
High-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems – Guidance to the specification and

design evaluation of AC filters –

Part 1: Overview
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.200 ISBN 978-2-8322-3401-3

– 2 – IEC TR 62001-1:2016 © IEC 2016
CONTENTS
FOREWORD .8
INTRODUCTION . 10
1 Scope . 11
2 Terms and definitions . 11
3 Outline of specifications of AC filters for HVDC systems . 12
3.1 General . 12
3.2 Boundaries of responsibility . 13
3.3 Scope of studies . 14
3.4 Scope of supply . 15
3.5 Technical data to be supplied by contractor . 16
3.6 Alternative proposals by bidders . 16
4 Permissible distortion limits . 17
4.1 General . 17
4.2 Voltage distortion . 18
4.2.1 General . 18
4.2.2 Voltage distortion – Definitions of performance criteria . 18
4.2.3 Voltage distortion – Discussion and recommendations . 18
4.2.4 Voltage distortion – Determination of limits . 19
4.2.5 Voltage distortion – Pre-existing harmonic levels . 22
4.2.6 Voltage distortion – Relaxed limits for short term and infrequent
conditions . 23
4.2.7 Treatment of interharmonic frequencies . 23
4.3 Distortion limits pertaining to the HV and EHV network equipment . 24
4.3.1 HVAC transmission system equipment . 24
4.3.2 Harmonic currents in synchronous machines . 24
4.3.3 Nearby HVDC installations . 25
4.4 Telephone interference . 25
4.4.1 General . 25
4.4.2 Causes of telephone interference . 25
4.4.3 Telephone interference – Definitions of performance criteria. 25
4.4.4 Telephone interference – Discussion . 25
4.4.5 Telephone interference – Determination of limits . 26
4.4.6 Telephone interference – Pre-existing harmonic levels . 28
4.4.7 Telephone interference – Limits for temporary conditions . 28
4.5 Special criteria . 29
5 Harmonic generation . 29
5.1 General . 29
5.2 Converter harmonic generation . 29
5.2.1 Idealized conditions . 29
5.2.2 Realistic conditions . 31
5.3 Calculation methodology . 33
5.3.1 General . 33
5.3.2 Harmonic currents for performance, rating and other calculations . 33
5.3.3 Combining harmonics from different converter bridges . 34
5.3.4 Consistent sets . 34
5.3.5 Harmonic generation for different DC power ranges. 35

5.4 Sensitivity of harmonic generation to various factors . 36
5.4.1 Direct current, control angle and commutation overlap. 36
5.4.2 Effect of asymmetries on characteristic harmonics . 37
5.4.3 Converter equipment parameter tolerances . 37
5.4.4 Tap steps . 37
5.4.5 Theoretically cancelled harmonics . 37
5.4.6 Negative and zero phase sequence voltages . 38
5.4.7 Converter transformer saturation . 38
5.4.8 Harmonic interaction across the converter . 39
5.4.9 Back-to-back systems . 39
5.5 Externally generated harmonics . 39
6 Filter arrangements . 40
6.1 Overview . 40
6.2 Advantages and disadvantages of typical filters . 41
6.3 Classification of filter types . 41
6.4 Tuned filters . 42
6.4.1 Single tuned filters . 42
6.4.2 Double tuned filters . 43
6.4.3 Triple tuned filters . 45
6.5 Damped filters . 46
6.5.1 Single tuned damped filters . 46
6.5.2 Double tuned damped filters. 49
6.6 Choice of filters . 49
7 Filter performance calculation . 50
7.1 Calculation procedure . 50
7.1.1 General . 50
7.1.2 Input data . 51
7.1.3 Methodology . 51
7.1.4 Calculation of converter harmonic currents . 52
7.1.5 Selection of filter types and calculation of their impedances . 52
7.1.6 Calculation of performance . 53
7.2 Detuning and tolerances . 54
7.2.1 General . 54
7.2.2 Detuning factors . 54
7.2.3 Resistance variations . 55
7.2.4 Modelling . 55
7.3 Network impedance for performance calculations . 56
7.3.1 General . 56
7.3.2 Network modelling using impedance envelopes . 57
7.3.3 Sector diagram . 58
7.3.4 Circle diagram . 59
7.3.5 Discrete polygons . 59
7.3.6 Zero-sequence impedance modelling . 61
7.3.7 Detailed modelling of AC network for performance calculation . 61
7.4 Outages of filter banks and sub-banks . 62
7.5 Considerations of probability . 63
7.6 Flexibility regarding compliance . 65
7.7 Ratings of the harmonic filter equipment . 65
8 Filter switching and reactive power management . 65

– 4 – IEC TR 62001-1:2016 © IEC 2016
8.1 General . 65
8.2 Reactive power interchange with AC network . 66
8.2.1 General .
...