IEC 62314:2022
(Main)Solid-state relays - Safety requirements
Solid-state relays - Safety requirements
IEC 62314:2022 applies to particular all-or-nothing electrical relays denominated solid-state relays intended for performing electrical operations by single step function changes to the state of electric circuits between the OFF-state and the ON-state and vice versa.
This document deals with solid-state relays which are intended for incorporation in other products or equipment. As such, solid-state relays are considered to be components and this document defines the basic safety-related and functional requirements for solid-state relays as stand-alone components.
Such solid-state relays are incorporated in products or equipment which themselves comply with the relevant product and/or application standard(s) to meet their intended application.
Solid state relay as apparatus:
Where the solid-state relay is specified as apparatus with a function to the end-user, requirements on EMC are given in this document.
Solid state relay as component:
There are no EMC requirements for solid-state relays intended for incorporation into the equipment by the equipment manufacturer, because the performance strongly depends on the application into the equipment.
The object of this document is to state:
– the characteristics of solid-state relays
– the requirements which apply to solid-state relays with reference to
a) electrical safety;
b) their operation and behaviour;
c) their dielectric properties;
d) EMC;
– the tests verifying that the requirements have been met, and the test methods to be adopted;
– the information to be given with the solid-state relay or in the product documentation.
Solid-state switching devices with monolithic structures fall within the scope of IEC sub-committee 47E and are not covered in this document.
Semiconductor controllers and contactors fall within the scope of the IEC 60947 series of standards – low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – developed by IEC subcommittee 121A and are not covered in this document.
IEC 62314:2022 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2006. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of load categories for DC load;
b) addition of load category for self-ballasted lamp load;
c) addition of "sockets" terminal;
d) update of references;
e) introduction of the requirement of EMC;
f) restructuring of the whole document.
Relais statiques - Exigences de sécurité
L'IEC 62314:2022 s’applique à des relais électriques de tout-ou-rien particuliers appelés "relais statiques", destinés à exécuter des manœuvres électriques par des changements de fonction en une seule étape entre les états bloqué et passant des circuits électriques, et inversement.
Le présent document traite des relais statiques qui sont destinés à être incorporés dans d’autres produits ou équipements. En tant que tel, les relais statiques sont assimilés à des composants et le présent document définit les exigences de base liées à la sécurité ainsi que les exigences fonctionnelles des relais statiques en tant que composants autonomes.
De tels relais statiques sont intégrés dans des produits ou équipements qui se conforment eux-mêmes à la ou aux normes de produit et/ou d’application correspondantes afin de satisfaire à l’application prévue.
Relais statique utilisé en qualité d’appareillage:
Lorsque le relais statique est spécifié comme un appareillage, avec une fonction pour l’utilisateur final, les exigences relatives à la compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) sont données dans le présent document.
Relais statique utilisé en qualité de composant:
Aucune exigence de CEM ne s’applique aux relais statiques destinés à être intégrés dans l’équipement par le fabricant de l’équipement en question, car les performances dépendent fortement de l’application dans cet équipement.
Le présent document a pour objet de définir:
– les caractéristiques des relais statiques;
- les exigences auxquelles se conforment les relais statiques au regard:
a) de la sécurité électrique;
b) de leur fonctionnement et de leur comportement;
c) de leurs propriétés diélectriques;
d) de la CEM;
– les essais vérifiant que les exigences ont été satisfaites, et les méthodes d’essai à adopter;
– les informations à faire figurer sur le relais statique ou dans la documentation du produit.
Les dispositifs de commutation statiques à structures monolithiques relèvent du domaine d’application du sous comité 47E de l’IEC et ne sont pas couverts par le présent document.
Les gradateurs et les contacteurs à semiconducteurs relèvent du domaine d’application de la série de normes IEC 60947 développées par le sous-comité 121A de l’IEC et ne sont pas couverts par le présent document.
L'IEC 62314:2022 annule et remplace la première édition parue en 2006. Cette édition constitue une révision technique.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l’édition précédente:
a) ajout de catégories de charge pour les charges pour courant continu;
b) ajout d’une catégorie de charge pour les charges du type lampes à ballast intégré;
c) ajout de la connexion "embase";
d) mise à jour des références;
e) introduction de l’exigence de CEM;
f) réorganisation de l’ensemble du document.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 62314 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Solid-state relays – Safety requirements
Relais statiques – Exigences de sécurité
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IEC 62314 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Solid-state relays – Safety requirements
Relais statiques – Exigences de sécurité
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.120.70 ISBN 978-2-8322-1245-5
– 2 – IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 10
3.1 Terms and definitions related to relays . 10
3.2 Terms and definitions related to insulation coordination (see Clause 11) . 14
4 Characteristics of solid-state relays . 16
5 Rated values . 17
5.1 Rated and limiting values for output circuits and for insulation coordination . 17
5.2 Load category . 17
5.3 Rated and limiting values for control circuits . 18
5.4 Overload current profile . 19
5.5 Normal service, transport and storage conditions . 19
5.5.1 Ambient temperature . 19
5.5.2 Atmospheric conditions . 19
5.6 Normal mounting conditions . 19
6 Provisions for test . 19
6.1 Type test . 19
6.2 Routine test . 20
7 Documentation and marking . 21
7.1 Data . 21
7.2 Instructions for installation, operation and maintenance . 22
7.3 Marking . 22
8 Temperature-rise . 22
8.1 General . 22
8.2 Test conditions . 23
9 Basic operating function . 23
9.1 OFF-state leakage current measurement . 23
9.2 ON-state voltage drop measurement . 23
10 Electrical endurance . 23
10.1 Overload test . 23
10.1.1 General . 23
10.1.2 Overload capability test procedure . 25
10.2 Endurance test . 25
10.3 Verification. 25
11 Clearances and creepage distances . 27
11.1 General . 27
11.2 Basis for insulation coordination . 27
11.2.1 Basic principles . 27
11.2.2 Rated impulse withstand voltage. 27
11.2.3 Insulating materials . 27
11.3 Requirements and dimensioning rules . 28
11.3.1 Dimensioning of clearances . 28
11.3.2 Dimensioning of creepage distances . 29
11.3.3 Requirements for solid insulating materials . 31
11.4 Tests and measurements . 31
11.4.1 Tests . 31
11.4.2 Measurement of creepage distances and clearances . 31
11.4.3 Electrical tests for solid insulation . 31
11.5 Alternative test methods . 32
12 Terminations . 32
12.1 Quick-connect terminations . 32
12.1.1 Purpose . 32
12.1.2 Recommended values . 33
12.1.3 Requirements . 33
12.2 Screw-type and screwless-type clamping-units . 34
12.3 Solder terminals – Resistance to soldering heat . 34
12.3.1 General . 34
12.3.2 Solder pins . 34
12.3.3 Terminals for surface mounting (SMD) . 35
12.3.4 Other solder terminations (e.g. soldering lugs) . 35
12.4 Sockets . 35
13 Heat and fire resistance . 35
13.1 Materials . 35
13.2 Glow-wire test . 36
13.3 Ball pressure test . 36
14 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 37
14.1 General . 37
14.2 Immunity . 37
14.3 Emission . 37
Annex A (normative) Test for solid-state relays intended for self ballasted lamp loads . 38
Annex B (informative) Risk assessment . 41
B.1 General . 41
B.2 Risk assessment procedure . 41
B.3 Achieving tolerable risk . 42
B.4 An application of risk assessment procedures (proposal for the user) . 44
Annex C (normative) Pollution degree . 46
Annex D (normative) Rated impulse withstand voltages . 47
Annex E (normative) Tests for EMC . 48
E.1 General . 48
E.2 EMC immunity. 48
E.2.1 General . 48
E.2.2 Electrostatic discharges . 49
E.2.3 Radiated radio-frequency electromagnetic fields . 49
E.2.4 Electrical fast transients/bursts . 49
E.2.5 Surges . 49
E.2.6 Conducted disturbances induced by radio-frequency fields . 49
E.2.7 Immunity to power-frequency magnetic fields. 49
E.2.8 Voltage dips and voltage interruptions . 49
E.2.9 Summary of immunity test conditions . 49
E.3 EMC radiated and conducted emission . 52
E.3.1 General . 52
E.3.2 Conducted radio-frequency emission tests . 52
E.3.3 Radiated radio-frequency emission tests . 52
– 4 – IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022
Bibliography . 53
Figure A.1 – Circuit diagram for testing solid-state relay . 38
Figure B.1 – Iterative process of risk assessment and risk reduction . 41
Figure B.2 – Risk reduction . 43
Table 1 – Load categories . 18
Table 2 – Type testing . 20
Table 3 – Routine tests . 21
Table 4 – Required data . 21
Table 5 – Minimum requirements for overload capability test conditions. 24
Table 6 – Endurance test . 26
Table 7 – Minimum clearance . 29
Table 8 – Minimum creepage distances for solid-state relays . 30
Table 9 – Preconditioning . 32
Table 10 – Cross-sectional areas for conductors depending on the resistive current
carried by the terminal . 34
Table 11 – Test conditions for test Tb . 35
Table A.1 – Values for I and I t depending on the type of distribution system . 39
peak
Table A.2 – Calculated circuit parameters . 39
Table A.3 – Number of operations for endurance test . 40
Table B.1 – Examples for the relation between failure mode, effects and hazard . 44
Table B.2 – Severity of harm . 44
Table B.3 – Probability of harm . 45
Table B.4 – Risk category . 45
Table D.1 – Rated impulse withstand voltages (waveform: 1,2/50 µs) for solid-state
relays connected directly to the mains . 47
Table E.1 – Selection criteria for environmental conditions . 48
Table E.2 – Specific performance criteria when electro-magnetic disturbances are
present . 49
Table E.3 – Immunity tests for industrial environments . 50
Table E.4 – Immunity tests for residential, commercial and light-industrial
environments . 51
Table E.5 – Terminal disturbance voltage limits for conducted radio-frequency
emission (for control supply input) . 52
Table E.6 – Radiated emission test limits . 52
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
SOLID-STATE RELAYS – SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
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rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62314 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 94: All-or-nothing electrical relays.
It is an International Standard.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2006. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) addition of load categories for DC load;
b) addition of load category for self-ballasted lamp load;
c) addition of "sockets" terminal;
d) update of references;
e) introduction of the requirement of EMC;
f) restructuring of the whole document.
– 6 – IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
94/670/FDIS 94/701/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
SOLID-STATE RELAYS – SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
1 Scope
This document applies to particular all-or-nothing electrical relays denominated solid-state
relays intended for performing electrical operations by single step function changes to the state
of electric circuits between the OFF-state and the ON-state and vice versa.
This document deals with solid-state relays which are intended for incorporation in other
products or equipment. As such, solid-state relays are considered to be components and this
document defines the basic safety-related and functional requirements for solid-state relays as
stand-alone components.
Such solid-state relays are incorporated in products or equipment which themselves comply
with the relevant product and/or application standard(s) to meet their intended application.
NOTE The following are examples of such applications:
– general industrial equipment;
– electrical facilities;
– electrical machines;
– electrical appliances;
– office communications;
– building automation and environmental control;
– automation and process control;
– electrical installation engineering;
– medical engineering;
– telecommunications;
– vehicle engineering;
– transportation engineering;
– lighting control.
Solid state relay as apparatus:
Where the solid-state relay is specified as apparatus with a function to the end-user,
requirements on EMC are given in this document.
Solid state relay as component:
There are no EMC requirements for solid-state relays intended for incorporation into the
equipment by the equipment manufacturer, because the performance strongly depends on the
application into the equipment.
The object of this document is to state:
– the characteristics of solid-state relays
– the requirements which apply to solid-state relays with reference to
a) electrical safety;
b) their operation and behaviour;
c) their dielectric properties;
d) EMC;
– 8 – IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022
– the tests verifying that the requirements have been met, and the test methods to be adopted;
– the information to be given with the solid-state relay or in the product documentation.
Solid-state switching devices with monolithic structures fall within the scope of
IEC sub-committee 47E and are not covered in this document.
Semiconductor controllers and contactors fall within the scope of the IEC 60947 series of
standards – low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – developed by IEC subcommittee 121A
and are not covered in this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60038:2009, IEC standard voltages
IEC 60050-444:2002, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 444: Elementary
relays (available at www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60068-2-1:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-1: Tests – Test A: Cold
IEC 60068-2-2:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-2: Tests – Test B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-14:2009, Environmental testing – Part 2-14: Tests – Test N: Change of
temperature
IEC 60068-2-20:2021, Environmental testing – Part 2-20: Tests – Test Ta and Tb: Test methods
for solderability and resistance to soldering heat of devices with leads
IEC 60068-2-78:2012, Environmental testing – Part 2-78: Tests – Test Cab: Damp heat, steady
state
IEC 60112:2020, Method for the determination of the proof and the comparative tracking indices
of solid insulating materials
IEC 60664-1:2020, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60664-3:2016, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 3:
Use of coating, potting or moulding for protection against pollution
IEC 60669-1:2017, Switches for household and similar fixed-electrical installations – Part 1:
General requirements
IEC 60695-2-11:2021, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products (GWEPT)
IEC 60695-2-12:2021, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-12: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
Glow-wire flammability index (GWFI) test method for materials
IEC 60695-10-2:2014, Fire hazard testing – Part 10-2: Abnormal heat – Ball pressure test
method
IEC 60747-5-5:2020, Semiconductor devices – Part 5-5: Optoelectronic devices –
Photocouplers
IEC 60999-1:1999, Connecting devices – Electrical copper conductors – Safety requirements
for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units – Part 1: General requirements and particular
2 2
requirements for clamping units for conductors from 0,2 mm up to 35 mm (included)
IEC 61000-4-2:2008, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-2: Testing and
measurement techniques – Electrostatic discharge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-3:2020, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-3: Testing and
measurement techniques – Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-4:2012, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-4: Testing and
measurement techniques – Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test
IEC 61000-4-5:2014, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-5: Testing and
measurement techniques – Surge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-5:2014/AMD1:2017
IEC 61000-4-6:2013, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-6: Testing and
measurement techniques – Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency
fields
IEC 61000-4-8:2009, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-8: Testing and
measurement techniques – Power frequency magnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-11:2020, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-11: Testing and
measurement techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity
tests for equipment with input current up to 16 A per phase
IEC 61000-4-34:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-34: Testing and
measurement techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity
tests for equipment with input current more than 16 A per phase
IEC 61000-4-34:2005/AMD1:2009
IEC 61180:2016, High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment – Definitions, test and
procedure requirements, test equipment
IEC 61210:2010, Connecting devices – Flat quick-connect terminations for electrical copper
conductors – Safety requirements
IEC 61760-1:2020, Surface mounting technology – Part 1: Standard method for the
specification of surface mounting components (SMDs)
IEC 61810-1:2015, Electromechanical elementary relays – Part 1: General and safety
requirements
IEC 61810-1:2015/AMD1:2019
IEC 61984:2008, Connectors – Safety requirements and tests
IEC 62368-1:2018, Audio/video, information and communication technology equipment – Part 1:
Safety requirements
IEC TS 62993:2017, Guidance for determination of clearances, creepage distances and
requirements for solid insulation for equipment with a rated voltage above 1 000 V AC and
1 500 V DC, and up to 2 000 V AC and 3 000 V DC
– 10 – IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022
CISPR 11:2015, Industrial, scientific and medical equipment – Radio-frequency disturbance
characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement
CISPR 11:2015/AMD1:2016
CISPR 11:2015/AMD2:2019
CISPR 32:2015, Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment – Emission
requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-444 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 Terms and definitions related to relays
3.1.1
electrical relay
device designed to produce sudden and predetermined changes in one or more output circuits
when certain conditions are fulfilled in the electric input circuits controlling the device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-444:2002, 444-01-01]
3.1.2
solid-state relay
electrical relay in which the intended response is produced by electronic, magnetic, optical or
other components without mechanical motion
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-444:2002, 444-01-06]
3.1.3
rated operational voltage
U
e
value of voltage which determines the application of the solid-state relay and to which the
relevant tests and the load categories are referred
3.1.4
rated insulation voltage
U
i
value of voltage to which dielectric tests and creepage distances are referred
3.1.5
rated impulse withstand voltage
U
imp
peak value of an impulse voltage of prescribed form and polarity which the solid-state relay is
capable of withstanding without failure under specified conditions of test and to which the values
of the clearances are referred
3.1.6
ON-state
specified condition of the solid-state relay when the output semiconductor is in the conducting
state
3.1.7
OFF-state
specified condition of the solid-state relay when the output semiconductor is in the isolating
(non-conducting) state
3.1.8
normally open element
switching element which is in ON-state condition when the solid-state relay is in its operate
condition and which is in OFF-state condition when the solid-state relay is in its release
condition
3.1.9
normally closed element
switching element which is in OFF-state condition when the solid-state relay is in its operate
condition and which is in ON-state condition when the solid-state relay is in its release condition
3.1.10
rated operational current
I
e
normal operating current when the solid-state relay is in the ON-state and takes into account
the rated frequency (see 5.1), the load category (see 5.2) and the overload characteristics at
40 °C ambient temperature unless otherwise specified
3.1.11
rated uninterrupted current
I
u
specified value of current, which the solid-state relay can carry in uninterrupted duty
3.1.12
rated frequency
supply frequency for which a solid-state relay is designed and to which the other characteristic
values correspond
Note 1 to entry: The same solid-state relay can be assigned a number or a range of rated frequencies or be rated
for both AC and DC.
3.1.13
overload current profile
profile that gives the current/time coordinates for the controlled overload current
3.1.14
operating capability
property that represents the combined capabilities of
– establishing and sustaining the ON-state and current carrying, and
– establishing and sustaining the OFF-state (blocking),
at maximum rated operational voltage under specified load and overload conditions in
accordance with load category, overload current profile and specified duty cycles
3.1.15
rated conditional short-circuit current
specified value of prospective current, which the solid-state relay, protected by a specified
short-circuit protective device, can withstand satisfactorily for the operating time of this device
under the test conditions specified in the relevant product standard
– 12 – IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022
3.1.16
leakage current
I
l
specified maximum current (peak or RMS value for AC), which flows through the output circuit
in OFF-state condition
3.1.17
ON-state voltage drop
U
d
specified maximum voltage (peak or RMS value for AC), between output terminals in the
ON-state condition
3.1.18
ON-state resistance
R
on
specified maximum value of resistance, between output terminals in the ON-state condition
3.1.19
power consumption
P
s
value of total power consumed of the control circuit and/or the supply circuit, if any
3.1.20
rated control circuit voltage
U
c
rated value of the control signal voltage
3.1.21
rated control circuit current
I
c
rated value of the control circuit current
3.1.22
rated control circuit supply voltage
U
s
rated value of the supply circuit voltage
3.1.23
operate
change from the OFF-state condition to the ON-state condition (vice versa for normally closed
element)
3.1.24
release
change from the ON-state condition to the OFF-state condition (vice versa for normally closed
element)
3.1.25
release voltage
value of the control signal voltage at which a solid-state relay is switched off (switched on for
normally closed element)
Note 1 to entry: The term "switch-off voltage" was used in previous edition.
3.1.26
operate voltage
value of the control signal voltage at which a solid-state relay is switched on (switched off for
normally closed element)
Note 1 to entry: The term "switch-on voltage" was used in the previous edition.
3.1.27
release current
value of the control signal current at which a solid-state relay is switched off (switched on for
normally closed element)
Note 1 to entry: The term "switch-off current" is used as the same meaning.
3.1.28
operate current
value of the control signal current at which a solid-state relay is switched on (switched off for
normally closed element)
Note 1 to entry: The term "switch-on current" is used as the same meaning.
3.1.29
marking
identification of a solid-state relay which allows the unambiguous indication of its electrical,
dimensional and functional parameters
3.1.30
existing design
design which was already approved by the preceding edition of this document
3.1.31
type test
test of one or more devices made to a certain design to show that the design meets certain
specifications
3.1.32
routine test
test to which each individual device is subjected during and/or after manufacture to ascertain
whether it complies with certain criteria
3.1.33
sampling test
test on a number of devices taken at random from a batch
3.1.34
ambient temperature
temperature prescribed for the air surrounding the solid-state relay under certain conditions,
when the solid-state relay is mounted as specified
3.1.35
rated value
value of a quantity used for specification purposes, established for a specific set of operating
conditions
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-444:2002, 444-02-18, modified – deletion of "of a component, device,
equipment, or system" at the end of the definition.]
– 14 – IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022
3.1.36
test value
value of a quantity for which the solid-state relay shall comply with a specified action during a
test
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-444:2002, 444-02-20, modified – addition of "solid-state".]
3.2 Terms and definitions related to insulation coordination (see Clause 11)
3.2.1
conductive part
part which is capable of conducting electric current, although it can be used for other purposes
3.2.2
live part
conductor or conductive part intended to be energized in normal operation, including a neutral
conductor, but by convention not a PEN conductor
Note 1 to entry: A PEN conductor combines the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a neutral
conductor.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-19, modified – rewording of the definition and addition
of a new Note 1 to entry.]
3.2.3
clearance
shortest distance in air between two conductive parts
[SOURCE: IEC 60664-1:2020, 3.1.4]
3.2.4
creepage distance
shortest distance along the surface of the insulating material between two conductive parts
[SOURCE: IEC 60664-1:2020, 3.1.5, modified – replacement of "solid insulating material" with
"insulating material".]
3.2.5
functional insulation
insulation between conductive parts which is necessary only for the proper functioning of the
equipment
[SOURCE: IEC 60664-1:2020, 3.1.29]
3.2.6
solid insulation
solid insulating material interposed between two conductive parts
[SOURCE: IEC 60664-1:2020, 3.1.6, modified – rewording of the definition.]
3.2.7
basic insulation
insulation of hazardous-live-parts which provides basic protection against electric shock
Note 1 to entry: Basic insulation does not necessarily include insulation used exclusively for functional purposes.
[SOURCE: IEC 60664-1:2020, 3.1.30, modified – addition of "against electric shock" and
addition of Note 1 to entry.]
3.2.8
supplementary insulation
independent insulation applied in addition to basic insulation, in order to provide protection
against electric shock in the event of a failure of basic insulation
[SOURCE: IEC 60664-1:2020, 3.1.31, modified – replacement of "for fault protection" with "in
order to provide protection against electric shock in the event of a failure of basic insulation".]
3.2.9
double insulation
insulation comprising both basic insulation and supplementary insulation
[SOURCE: IEC 60664-1:2020, 3.1.32]
3.2.10
reinforced insulation
insulation of hazardous-live-parts which provides a degree of protection against electric shock
equivalent to double insulation
Note 1 to entry: Reinforced insulation may comprise several layers which cannot be tested singly as basic or
supplementary insulation.
[SOURCE: IEC 60664-1:2020, 3.1.33]
3.2.11
overvoltage
any voltage having a peak value exceeding the corresponding peak value of maximum steady-
state voltage at normal operating conditions
[SOURCE: IEC 60664-1:2020, 3.1.11, modified – replacement of "working voltage" with
"voltage".]
3.2.12
overvoltage category
numeral defining a transient overvoltage condition
Note 1 to entry: Overvoltage categories I, II, III and IV are used, see 4.3.2 of IEC 60664-1:2020.
[SOURCE: IEC 60664-1:2020, 3.1.20]
3.2.13
pollution
any addition of foreign matter, solid, liquid or gaseous that can result in a reduction of electric
strength or surface resistivity of the insulation
[SOURCE: IEC 60664-1:2020, 3.1.24, modified – replacement of "condition" with "addition", and
...
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