IEC 60825-2:2004

Safety of laser products - Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)

Provides requirements and specific guidance for the safe operation and maintenance of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS). In these systems optical power may be accessible outside the confinements of transmitting equipment or at great distance from the optical source. This Part 2 requires the assessment of hazard levels at accessible locations as a replacement for classification according to IEC 60825-1. It applies to the complete installed end-to-end OFCS, including its components and subassemblies that generate or amplify optical radiation. Individual components and subassemblies that are sold only to OEM vendors for incorporation into a complete installed end-to-end OFCS need not be assessed to this standard, since the final OFCS should itself be assessed according to this standard. The objective of this Part 2 of IEC 60825 is to:
- protect people from optical radiation resulting from OFCS;
- provide requirements for manufacturers, installation organizations, service organizations and operating organizations in order to establish procedures and supply information so that proper precautions can be adopted;
- ensure adequate warnings are provided to individuals regarding the potential hazards associated with OFCS through the use of signs, labels and instructions.
The contents of the interpretation sheet 1 of April 2008 and 2 of June 2018 have been included in this copy.

Sécurité des appareils à laser - Partie 2: Sécurité des systèmes de télécommunication par fibres optiques (STFO)

Donne des exigences et des directives spécifiques pour l'exploitation et la maintenance en toute sécurité des systèmes de télécommunication par fibres optiques (STFO. OFCS en Anglais). Dans ces systèmes, la puissance optique peut être accessible en dehors des confinements des équipements d'émission ou à grande distance de la source optique. Cette Partie 2 nécessite l'évaluation des niveaux de risque dans les zones accessibles en remplacement de la classification selon la CEI 60825-1. Elle s'applique à l'intégralité du STFO complet tel qu'il est installé, y compris à ses composants et à ses sous-ensembles qui génèrent ou amplifient le rayonnement optique. Les composants individuels et les sous-ensembles qui sont vendus aux seuls vendeurs OEM en vue de leur incorporation dans un STFO complet installé n'ont pas besoin d'être évalués selon cette norme dans la mesure où le STFO devrait l'être lui-même. L'objectif de cette Partie 2 de la CEI 60825 est de:
- protéger les personnes contre le rayonnement optique provenant d'un STFO.
- fournir des exigences à l'usage des fabricants, des organismes d'installation, d'entretien et d'exploitation, dans le but d'établir des procédures et de fournir des informations, de telle sorte que des précautions appropriées puissent être prises;
- garantir que des mises en garde adaptées, concernant les risques potentiels liés au STFO, sont données aux individus par le biais d'une signalisation, d'étiquettes et d'instructions.
Le contenu des feuilles d'interprétation 1 d'avril 2008 et 2 de juin 2018 a été pris en considération dans cet exemplaire.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 27-Jun-2004
• ICS: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
• ICS: 31.260 - Optoelectronics. Laser equipment
• ICS: 33.180.01 - Fibre optic systems in general
• Technical Committee: TC 76 - Optical radiation safety and laser equipment
• Drafting Committee: WG 5 - TC 76/WG 5
• Current Stage: DELPUB - Deleted Publication
• Completion Date: 16-Mar-2021

Relations

• Amended By: IEC 60825-2:2004/AMD1:2006 - Amendment 1 - Safety of laser products - Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Amended By: IEC 60825-2:2004/AMD2:2010 - Amendment 2 - Safety of laser products - Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Revised: IEC 60825-2:2021 - Safety of laser products - Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCSs)
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Revised: IEC 60825-2:2004/ISH2:2018 - Interpretation sheet 2 - Safety of laser products - Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Revises: IEC 60825-2:2000 - Safety of laser products - Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Revised: IEC 60825-2:2004/ISH1:2008 - Interpretation sheet 1 - Safety of laser products - Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD 60825-2
Third edition
2004-06
Safety of laser products –
Part 2:
Safety of optical fibre communication
systems (OFCS)
Reference number
Publication numbering
As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a designation in the

60000 series. For example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.

Consolidated editions
The IEC is now publishing consolidated versions of its publications. For example,

edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the

base publication incorporating amendment 1 and the base publication incorporating

amendments 1 and 2.
Further information on IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC,
thus ensuring that the content reflects current technology. Information relating to
this publication, including its validity, is available in the IEC Catalogue of
publications (see below) in addition to new editions, amendments and corrigenda.
Information on the subjects under consideration and work in progress undertaken
by the technical committee which has prepared this publication, as well as the list
of publications issued, is also available from the following:
• IEC Web Site (www.iec.ch)
• Catalogue of IEC publications
The on-line catalogue on the IEC web site (www.iec.ch/searchpub) enables you to
search by a variety of criteria including text searches, technical committees
and date of publication. On-line information is also available on recently issued
publications, withdrawn and replaced publications, as well as corrigenda.
• IEC Just Published
This summary of recently issued publications (www.iec.ch/online_news/ justpub)
is also available by email. Please contact the Customer Service Centre (see
below) for further information.
• Customer Service Centre
If you have any questions regarding this publication or need further assistance,
please contact the Customer Service Centre:

Email: [e-mail]
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD 60825-2
Third edition
2004-06
Safety of laser products –
Part 2:
Safety of optical fibre communication
systems (OFCS)
© IEC 2004 ⎯ Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: [phone] Telefax: [phone] E-mail: [e-mail] Web: www.iec.ch
PRICE CODE
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
X
International Electrotechnical Commission
Международная Электротехническая Комиссия
For price, see current catalogue

Publication IEC 60825-2 (Third edition – 2004 and its amendment 1 – 2006) I-SH 01

Safety of laser products – Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)

INTERPRETATION SHEET 1
This interpretation sheet has been prepared by TC 76: Optical radiation safety and laser

equipment.
The text of this interpretation sheet is based on the following documents:
ISH Report on voting
76/376/ISH 76/380/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this interpretation sheet can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
___________
Due to the inconsistency between the new IEC 60825-1:2007 and the current IEC 60825-2,
the previous edition of IEC 60825-1 (IEC 60825-1:1993 and its amendment 1 (1997) and
amendment 2 (2001)) should be used for calculating or measuring hazard levels of optical
fibre communication systems using IEC 60825-2:2004, incorporating amendment 1:2006.
This instruction will remain valid until a new version of IEC 60825-2 is published.

___________
April 2008
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

____________
IEC 60825-2
Edition 3.0  2004-06
SAFETY OF LASER PRODUCTS –
Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)

INTERPRETATION SHEET 2
This interpretation sheet has been prepared by IEC technical committee 76: Optical radiation
safety and laser equipment.
The text of this interpretation sheet is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
76/599/FDIS 76/606/RVDISH
Full information on the voting for the approval of this interpretation sheet can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.

___________
IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0 (2014) introduced a new formula for C between 1 200 nm and
1 400 nm. This formula significantly increases the AEL of class 1 in this wavelength range.

The new formula for C in IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0 should not be used within IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2
(2010) because it may lead to excessive power limits, for example within Hazard Level 1.
Note e) to Table A.1 of IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0 states that: “In the wavelength range between
1 250 nm and 1 400 nm, the limits to protect the retina given in this table may not adequately
protect the anterior parts of the eye (cornea, iris) and caution needs to be exercised. There is
no concern for the anterior parts of the eye if the exposure does not exceed the skin MPE
values.”
IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2 Clause 2 (normative references) contains a dated reference to
IEC 60825-1:2007 in which the correction factor C was set equal to 8 within the wavelength
range of 1 200 nm to 1 400 nm. This dated reference in the normative references section is
technically sufficient for the correct interpretation of IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2, even though
undated references to IEC 60825-1 occur in other clauses. This interpretation sheet is
therefore provided as an additional warning and prompt for users of IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2.
Accordingly, within the wavelength range 1 200 nm to 1 400 nm the formula C = 8 is still to
be used within all affected clauses of IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2.
ICS 31.260; 33.180.01
– 2 – IEC 60825-2:2004/ISH2:2018  IEC 2018

This interpretation sheet will remain valid until a new edition of IEC 60825-2 is published.

NOTE Exposure limits for the eye and the skin of employees in the workplace and the general public are in many
countries specified in national laws. These legally-binding national exposure limits might differ from the MPEs

given in the informative Annex A of IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0.

– 2 – 60825-2 © IEC:2004(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.4

1 Scope and object.6

2 Normative references.7

3 Terms and definitions .7

4 Requirements.10

4.1 General.10

4.2 Protective housing of OFCS.10
4.3 Fibre cables.10
4.4 Cable connectors.10
4.5 Automatic power reduction (APR) and restart pulses .11
4.6 Labelling or marking.12
4.7 Organizational requirements .13
4.8 Assessment of hazard level .15
4.9 Hazard level requirements by location type .16

Annex A (informative) Rationale .17
Annex B (informative) Summary of requirements at locations in OFCS .18
Annex C (informative) Methods of hazard/safety analysis .19
Annex D (informative) Application notes for the safe use of OFCS .20
Annex E (informative) Guidance for service and maintenance .44
Annex F (informative) Clarification of the meaning of “hazard level” .47

Bibliography .49

Figure D.1 – PON (passive optical network)-based system .30
Figure D.2 – Simple laser drive circuit .32
Figure D.3 – Risk graph example from IEC 61508-5 Clause D.5.35
Figure D.4 – Graph of FIT rate and mean time to repair .38

Table D.1 – OFCS power limits for 11 µm single mode (SM) fibres and 0,18 numerical
aperture multimode (MM) fibres (core diameter < 150 µm) .23
Table D.2 – Relation between the number of fibres in a ribbon fibre and the maximum
permitted power (example).29
Table D.3 – Identification of components and failure modes (example).32
Table D.4 – Beta values (example).33
Table D.5 – Determination of failure rates (example) .34
Table D.6 – Consequence classification from IEC 61508-5 Table D.1.35
Table D.7 – Frequency classification from IEC 61508-5 Table D.1 .36
Table D.8 – Possibility of avoiding hazard classification from IEC 61508-5 Table D.1 .36
Table D.9 – Classification of the probability of the unwanted occurrence from
IEC 61508-5 Table D.1 .36
Table D.10 – Modes of operation – Definitions from IEC 61508-4, 3.5.12 .37

60825-2 © IEC:2004(E) – 3 –
Table D.11 – SIL Values from IEC 61508-1, 7.6.2.9 .37

Table D.12 – Determination of equipment monitoring classification .39

Table D.13 – FIT rates from example above .40

Table D.14 – Examples of power limits for OFCS having automatic power reduction to

reduce emissions to a lower hazard level .43

– 4 – 60825-2 © IEC:2004(E)
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

____________
SAFETY OF LASER PRODUCTS –
Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising

all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote

international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use
...

NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
60825-2
INTERNATIONAL
Troisième édition
STANDARD
Third edition
2004-06
Sécurité des appareils à laser –
Partie 2:
Sécurité des systèmes de télécommunication
par fibres optiques (STFO)
Safety of laser products –
Part 2:
Safety of optical fibre communication
systems (OFCS)
Numéro de référence
Reference number
CEI/IEC 60825-2:2004
Numérotation des publications Publication numbering
Depuis le 1er janvier 1997, les publications de la CEI As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are
sont numérotées à partir de 60000. Ainsi, la CEI 34-1 issued with a designation in the 60000 series. For
devient la CEI 60034-1. example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.
Editions consolidées Consolidated editions
Les versions consolidées de certaines publications de la The IEC is now publishing consolidated versions of its
CEI incorporant les amendements sont disponibles. Par publications. For example, edition numbers 1.0, 1.1
exemple, les numéros d’édition 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2 indiquent and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication,
respectivement la publication de base, la publication de the base publication incorporating amendment 1 and
base incorporant l’amendement 1, et la publication de the base publication incorporating amendments 1
base incorporant les amendements 1 et 2. and 2.
Informations supplémentaires Further information on IEC publications
sur les publications de la CEI
Le contenu technique des publications de la CEI est The technical content of IEC publications is kept
constamment revu par la CEI afin qu'il reflète l'état under constant review by the IEC, thus ensuring that
actuel de la technique. Des renseignements relatifs à the content reflects current technology. Information
cette publication, y compris sa validité, sont dispo- relating to this publication, including its validity, is
nibles dans le Catalogue des publications de la CEI available in the IEC Catalogue of publications
(voir ci-dessous) en plus des nouvelles éditions, (see below) in addition to new editions, amendments
amendements et corrigenda. Des informations sur les and corrigenda. Information on the subjects under
sujets à l’étude et l’avancement des travaux entrepris consideration and work in progress undertaken by the
par le comité d’études qui a élaboré cette publication, technical committee which has prepared this
ainsi que la liste des publications parues, sont publication, as well as the list of publications issued,
également disponibles par l’intermédiaire de: is also available from the following:
• Site web de la CEI (www.iec.ch) • IEC Web Site (www.iec.ch)
• Catalogue des publications de la CEI • Catalogue of IEC publications
Le catalogue en ligne sur le site web de la CEI The on-line catalogue on the IEC web site
(www.iec.ch/searchpub) vous permet de faire des (www.iec.ch/searchpub) enables you to search by a
recherches en utilisant de nombreux critères, variety of criteria including text searches,
comprenant des recherches textuelles, par comité technical committees and date of publication. On-
d’études ou date de publication. Des informations en line information is also available on recently
ligne sont également disponibles sur les nouvelles issued publications, withdrawn and replaced
publications, les publications remplacées ou retirées, publications, as well as corrigenda.
ainsi que sur les corrigenda.
• IEC Just Published • IEC Just Published
Ce résumé des dernières publications parues This summary of recently issued publications
(www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub) est aussi dispo- (www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub) is also available
nible par courrier électronique. Veuillez prendre by email. Please contact the Customer Service
contact avec le Service client (voir ci-dessous) Centre (see below) for further information.
pour plus d’informations.
• Service clients • Customer Service Centre
Si vous avez des questions au sujet de cette If you have any questions regarding this
publication ou avez besoin de renseignements publication or need further assistance, please
supplémentaires, prenez contact avec le Service contact the Customer Service Centre:
clients:
Email: [e-mail] Email: [e-mail]
Tél: [phone] Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone] Fax: [phone]
.
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
60825-2
INTERNATIONAL
Troisième édition
STANDARD
Third edition
2004-06
Sécurité des appareils à laser –
Partie 2:
Sécurité des systèmes de télécommunication
par fibres optiques (STFO)
Safety of laser products –
Part 2:
Safety of optical fibre communication
systems (OFCS)
 IEC 2004 Droits de reproduction réservés  Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: [phone] Telefax: [phone] E-mail: [e-mail] Web: www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
XA
PRICE CODE
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue

Publication IEC 60825-2 (Third edition – 2004 and its amendment 1 – 2006) I-SH 01

Safety of laser products – Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)

INTERPRETATION SHEET 1
This interpretation sheet has been prepared by TC 76: Optical radiation safety and laser
equipment.
The text of this interpretation sheet is based on the following documents:
ISH Report on voting
76/376/ISH 76/380/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this interpretation sheet can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
___________
Due to the inconsistency between the new IEC 60825-1:2007 and the current IEC 60825-2,
the previous edition of IEC 60825-1 (IEC 60825-1:1993 and its amendment 1 (1997) and
amendment 2 (2001)) should be used for calculating or measuring hazard levels of optical
fibre communication systems using IEC 60825-2:2004, incorporating amendment 1:2006.
This instruction will remain valid until a new version of IEC 60825-2 is published.

___________
April 2008
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
IEC 60825-2
Edition 3.0  2004-06
SAFETY OF LASER PRODUCTS –
Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)

INTERPRETATION SHEET 2
This interpretation sheet has been prepared by IEC technical committee 76: Optical radiation
safety and laser equipment.
The text of this interpretation sheet is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
76/599/FDIS 76/606/RVDISH
Full information on the voting for the approval of this interpretation sheet can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.

___________
IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0 (2014) introduced a new formula for C between 1 200 nm and
1 400 nm. This formula significantly increases the AEL of class 1 in this wavelength range.
The new formula for C in IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0 should not be used within IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2
(2010) because it may lead to excessive power limits, for example within Hazard Level 1.
Note e) to Table A.1 of IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0 states that: “In the wavelength range between
1 250 nm and 1 400 nm, the limits to protect the retina given in this table may not adequately
protect the anterior parts of the eye (cornea, iris) and caution needs to be exercised. There is
no concern for the anterior parts of the eye if the exposure does not exceed the skin MPE
values.”
IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2 Clause 2 (normative references) contains a dated reference to
IEC 60825-1:2007 in which the correction factor C was set equal to 8 within the wavelength
range of 1 200 nm to 1 400 nm. This dated reference in the normative references section is
technically sufficient for the correct interpretation of IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2, even though
undated references to IEC 60825-1 occur in other clauses. This interpretation sheet is
therefore provided as an additional warning and prompt for users of IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2.
Accordingly, within the wavelength range 1 200 nm to 1 400 nm the formula C = 8 is still to
be used within all affected clauses of IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2.
ICS 31.260; 33.180.01
– 2 – IEC 60825-2:2004/ISH2:2018  IEC 2018
This interpretation sheet will remain valid until a new edition of IEC 60825-2 is published.
NOTE Exposure limits for the eye and the skin of employees in the workplace and the general public are in many
countries specified in national laws. These legally-binding national exposure limits might differ from the MPEs
given in the informative Annex A of IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0.

COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
____________
IEC 60825-2
Edition 3.0  2004-06
SECURITE DES APPAREILS A LASER –

Partie 2: Sécurité des systèmes de télécommunication
par fibres optiques (STFO)
FEUILLE D'INTERPR É T AT I O N 2

Cette feuille d’interprétation a été établie par le comité d'études 76 de l'IEC: Sécurité des
rayonnements optiques et matériels laser.
Le texte de cette feuille d’interprétation est issu des documents suivants:
FDIS Rapport de vote
76/599/FDIS 76/606/RVDISH
Le rapport de vote indiqué dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant
abouti à l'approbation de cette feuille d’interprétation.

___________
L'IEC 60825-1 Éd. 3.0 (2014) a introduit une nouvelle formule pour C entre 1 200 nm et
1 400 nm. Cette formule augmente de manière significative la LEA de classe 1 dans cette
plage de longueurs d'onde.
Il convient de ne pas utiliser la nouvelle formule pour C de l'IEC 60825-1 Éd. 3.0 dans le
cadre de l'IEC 60825-2 Éd. 3.2 (2010), car ceci pourrait conduire à des limites de puissance
excessives, par exemple dans le cadre du Niveau de risque 1. La Note e) du Tableau A.1 de
l'IEC 60825-1 Éd. 3.0 indique que: “Dans la gamme des longueurs d’onde entre 1 250 nm et
1 400 nm, les limites permettant de protéger la rétine mentionnées dans ce tableau peuvent
ne pas fournir de protection adéquate aux parties antérieures de l’œil (cornée et iris) et
nécessitent une attention particulière, sauf si l’exposition n’excède pas les valeurs d’EMP
pour la peau.”
– 4 – IEC 60825-2:2004/ISH2:2018  IEC 2018
L'IEC 60825-2 Éd. 3.2 Article 2 (références normatives) contient une référence datée à
l'IEC 60825-1:2007 dans laquelle le facteur de correction C a été fixé à une valeur égale à 8
dans la plage des longueurs d'onde de 1 200 nm à 1 400 nm. Cette référence datée dans la
partie des références normatives est suffisante d'un point de vue technique pour une
interprétation correcte de l'IEC 60825-2 Éd. 3.2, même si les références non datées à
l'IEC 60825-1 apparaissent dans d'autres articles. Cette feuille d'interprétation est de ce fait
fournie en tant qu'avertissement supplémentaire et c'est un moyen de guider les utilisateurs
de l'IEC 60825-2 Éd. 3.2. En conséquence, dans la plage des longueurs d'onde de 1 200 nm
à 1 400 nm, la formule C = 8 doit toujours être utilisée dans le cadre de tous les articles
concernés de l'IEC 60825-2 Éd. 3.2.
Cette feuille d'interprétation restera valable jusqu’à la publication d'une nouvelle édition de
l'IEC 60825-2.
NOTE Les limites d’exposition pour les yeux et la peau des employés sur le lieu de travail et du public sont
spécifiées par la législation nationale dans de nombreux pays. Ces limites d’exposition légales à l’échelle nationale
peuvent différer des EMP mentionnées dans l’Annexe informative A de l'IEC 60825-1 Éd. 3.0.

– 2 – 60825-2  CEI:2005
SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS.6

1 Domaine d’application et objet.10
2 Références normatives.12
3 Termes et définitions .12
4 Exigences .18
4.1 Généralités.18
4.2 Capot de protection du STFO .20
4.3 Câbles à fibres optiques.20
4.4 Connecteurs de câbles .20
4.5 Réduction automatique de puissance (RAP) et impulsions de redémarrage.22
4.6 Etiquetage ou marquage .24
4.7 Exigences concernant les organismes.26
4.8 Evaluation du niveau de risque.30
4.9 Exigences de niveau de risque par type de zone .32

Annexe A (informative) Justifications .34
Annexe B (informative) Résumé des exigences pour les zones à l'intérieur d'un STFO .36
Annexe C (informative) Méthodes d'analyse du risque/de la sécurité .38
Annexe D (informative) Notes d'application pour l'utilisation en toute sécurité des .40
Annexe E (informative) Lignes directrices pour les réglages ou l'entretien et la
maintenance .
...

NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
60825-2
INTERNATIONAL
Edition 3.1
STANDARD
2007-01
Edition 3:2004 consolidée par l'amendement 1:2006
Edition 3:2004 consolidated with amendment 1:2006
Sécurité des appareils à laser –
Partie 2:
Sécurité des systèmes de télécommunication
par fibres optiques (STFO)
Safety of laser products –
Part 2:
Safety of optical fibre communication
systems (OFCS)
Numéro de référence
Reference number
CEI/IEC 60825-2:2004+A1:2006
Numérotation des publications Publication numbering

Depuis le 1er janvier 1997, les publications de la CEI As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are

sont numérotées à partir de 60000. Ainsi, la CEI 34-1 issued with a designation in the 60000 series. For
devient la CEI 60034-1. example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.

Editions consolidées Consolidated editions

Les versions consolidées de certaines publications de la The IEC is now publishing consolidated versions of its

CEI incorporant les amendements sont disponibles. Par publications. For example, edition numbers 1.0, 1.1
exemple, les numéros d’édition 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2 indiquent and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication,
respectivement la publication de base, la publication de the base publication incorporating amendment 1 and

base incorporant l’amendement 1, et la publication de the base publication incorporating amendments 1
base incorporant les amendements 1 et 2. and 2.
Informations supplémentaires Further information on IEC publications
sur les publications de la CEI
Le contenu technique des publications de la CEI est The technical content of IEC publications is kept
constamment revu par la CEI afin qu'il reflète l'état under constant review by the IEC, thus ensuring that
actuel de la technique. Des renseignements relatifs à the content reflects current technology. Information
cette publication, y compris sa validité, sont dispo- relating to this publication, including its validity, is
nibles dans le Catalogue des publications de la CEI available in the IEC Catalogue of publications
(voir ci-dessous) en plus des nouvelles éditions, (see below) in addition to new editions, amendments
amendements et corrigenda. Des informations sur les and corrigenda. Information on the subjects under
sujets à l’étude et l’avancement des travaux entrepris consideration and work in progress undertaken by the
par le comité d’études qui a élaboré cette publication, technical committee which has prepared this
ainsi que la liste des publications parues, sont publication, as well as the list of publications issued,
également disponibles par l’intermédiaire de: is also available from the following:
• Site web de la CEI (www.iec.ch) • IEC Web Site (www.iec.ch)
• Catalogue des publications de la CEI • Catalogue of IEC publications
Le catalogue en ligne sur le site web de la CEI The on-line catalogue on the IEC web site
(www.iec.ch/searchpub) vous permet de faire des (www.iec.ch/searchpub) enables you to search by a
recherches en utilisant de nombreux critères, variety of criteria including text searches,
comprenant des recherches textuelles, par comité technical committees and date of publication. On-
d’études ou date de publication. Des informations en line information is also available on recently
ligne sont également disponibles sur les nouvelles issued publications, withdrawn and replaced
publications, les publications remplacées ou retirées, publications, as well as corrigenda.
ainsi que sur les corrigenda.
• IEC Just Published • IEC Just Published
Ce résumé des dernières publications parues This summary of recently issued publications
(www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub) est aussi dispo- (www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub) is also available
nible par courrier électronique. Veuillez prendre by email. Please contact the Customer Service
contact avec le Service client (voir ci-dessous) Centre (see below) for further information.
pour plus d’informations.
• Service clients • Customer Service Centre

Si vous avez des questions au sujet de cette If you have any questions regarding this
publication ou avez besoin de renseignements publication or need further assistance, please
supplémentaires, prenez contact avec le Service contact the Customer Service Centre:
clients:
Email: [e-mail] Email: [e-mail]
Tél: [phone] Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone] Fax: [phone]
.
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
60825-2
INTERNATIONAL
Edition 3.1
STANDARD
2007-01
Edition 3:2004 consolidée par l'amendement 1:2006
Edition 3:2004 consolidated with amendment 1:2006
Sécurité des appareils à laser –
Partie 2:
Sécurité des systèmes de télécommunication
par fibres optiques (STFO)
Safety of laser products –
Part 2:
Safety of optical fibre communication
systems (OFCS)
© IEC 2007 Droits de reproduction réservés ⎯ Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: [phone] Telefax: [phone] E-mail: [e-mail] Web: www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
CQ
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
PRICE CODE
International Electrotechnical Commission
ɆɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɚɹɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɄɨɦɢɫɫɢɹ
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue

Publication IEC 60825-2 (Third edition – 2004 and its amendment 1 – 2006) I-SH 01

Safety of laser products – Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)

INTERPRETATION SHEET 1
This interpretation sheet has been prepared by TC 76: Optical radiation safety and laser

equipment.
The text of this interpretation sheet is based on the following documents:
ISH Report on voting
76/376/ISH 76/380/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this interpretation sheet can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
___________
Due to the inconsistency between the new IEC 60825-1:2007 and the current IEC 60825-2,
the previous edition of IEC 60825-1 (IEC 60825-1:1993 and its amendment 1 (1997) and
amendment 2 (2001)) should be used for calculating or measuring hazard levels of optical
fibre communication systems using IEC 60825-2:2004, incorporating amendment 1:2006.
This instruction will remain valid until a new version of IEC 60825-2 is published.
___________
April 2008
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

____________
IEC 60825-2
Edition 3.0  2004-06
SAFETY OF LASER PRODUCTS –
Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)

INTERPRETATION SHEET 2
This interpretation sheet has been prepared by IEC technical committee 76: Optical radiation
safety and laser equipment.
The text of this interpretation sheet is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
76/599/FDIS 76/606/RVDISH
Full information on the voting for the approval of this interpretation sheet can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.

___________
IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0 (2014) introduced a new formula for C between 1 200 nm and
1 400 nm. This formula significantly increases the AEL of class 1 in this wavelength range.

The new formula for C in IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0 should not be used within IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2
(2010) because it may lead to excessive power limits, for example within Hazard Level 1.
Note e) to Table A.1 of IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0 states that: “In the wavelength range between
1 250 nm and 1 400 nm, the limits to protect the retina given in this table may not adequately
protect the anterior parts of the eye (cornea, iris) and caution needs to be exercised. There is
no concern for the anterior parts of the eye if the exposure does not exceed the skin MPE
values.”
IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2 Clause 2 (normative references) contains a dated reference to
IEC 60825-1:2007 in which the correction factor C was set equal to 8 within the wavelength
range of 1 200 nm to 1 400 nm. This dated reference in the normative references section is
technically sufficient for the correct interpretation of IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2, even though
undated references to IEC 60825-1 occur in other clauses. This interpretation sheet is
therefore provided as an additional warning and prompt for users of IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2.
Accordingly, within the wavelength range 1 200 nm to 1 400 nm the formula C = 8 is still to
be used within all affected clauses of IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2.
ICS 31.260; 33.180.01
– 2 – IEC 60825-2:2004/ISH2:2018  IEC 2018

This interpretation sheet will remain valid until a new edition of IEC 60825-2 is published.

NOTE Exposure limits for the eye and the skin of employees in the workplace and the general public are in many
countries specified in national laws. These legally-binding national exposure limits might differ from the MPEs

given in the informative Annex A of IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0.

COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE

____________
IEC 60825-2
Edition 3.0  2004-06
SECURITE DES APPAREILS A LASER –

Partie 2: Sécurité des systèmes de télécommunication
par fibres optiques (STFO)
FEUILLE D'INTERPR É T AT I O N 2

Cette feuille d’interprétation a été établie par le comité d'études 76 de l'IEC: Sécurité des
rayonnements optiques et matériels laser.
Le texte de cette feuille d’interprétation est issu des documents suivants:
FDIS Rapport de vote
76/599/FDIS 76/606/RVDISH
Le rapport de vote indiqué dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant
abouti à l'approbation de cette feuille d’interprétation.

___________
L'IEC 60825-1 Éd. 3.0 (2014) a introduit une nouvelle formule pour C entre 1 200 nm et
1 400 nm. Cette formule augmente de manière significative la LEA de classe 1 dans cette

plage de longueurs d'onde.
Il convient de ne pas utiliser la nouvelle formule pour C de l'IEC 60825-1 Éd. 3.0 dans le
cadre de l'IEC 60825-2 Éd. 3.2 (2010), car ceci pourrait conduire à des limites de puissance
excessives, par exemple dans le cadre du Niveau de risque 1. La Note e) du Tableau A.1 de
l'IEC 60825-1 Éd. 3.0 indique que: “Dans la gamme des longueurs d’onde entre 1 250 nm et
1 400 nm, les limites permettant de protéger la rétine mentionnées dans ce tableau peuvent
ne pas fournir de protection adéquate aux parties antérieures de l’œil (cornée et iris) et
nécessitent une attention particulière, sauf si l’exposition n’excède pas les valeurs d’EMP
pour la peau.”
– 4 – IEC 60825-2:2004/ISH2:2018  IEC 2018

L'IEC 60825-2 Éd. 3.2 Article 2 (références normatives) contient une référence datée à

l'IEC 60825-1:2007 dans laquelle le facteur de correction C a été fixé à une valeur égale à 8
dans la plage des longueurs d'onde de 1 200 nm à 1 400 nm. Cette référence datée dans la

partie des références normatives est suffisante d'un point de vue technique pour une

interprétation correcte de l'IEC 60825-2 Éd. 3.2, même si les références non datées à

l'IEC 60825-1 apparaissent dans d'autres articles. Cette feuille d'interprétation est de ce fait

fournie en tant qu'avertissement supplémentaire et c'est un moyen de guider les utilisateurs
de l'IEC 60825-2 Éd. 3.2. En conséquence, dans la plage des longueurs d'onde de 1 200 nm

à 1 400 nm, la formule C = 8 doit toujours être utilisée dans le cadre de tous les articles

concernés de l'IEC 60825-2 Éd. 3.2.

Cette feuille d'interprétation restera valable jusqu’à la publication d'une nouvelle édition de

l'IEC 60825-2.
NOTE Les limites d’exposition pour les yeux et la peau des employés sur le lieu de travail et du public sont
spécifiées par la législation nationale dans de nombreux pays. Ces limites d’exposition légales à l’échelle nationale
peuvent différer des EMP mentionnées dans l’Annexe informative A de l'IEC 60825-1 Éd. 3.0.

– 2 – 60825-2 © CEI:2004+A1:2006

SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS.6

1 Domaine d’application et objet.10

2 Références normatives.12

3 Termes et définitions .12

4 Exigences .18

4.1 Généralités.18
4.2 Capot de protection du STFO .20
4.3 Câbles à fibres optiques.20
4.4 Connecteurs de câbles .20
4.5 Réduction automatique de puissance (RAP) et impulsions de redémarrage.22
4.6 Etiquetage ou marquage .24
4.7 Exigences concernant les organismes.34
4.8 Evaluation du niveau de risque.36
4.9 Exigences de niveau de risque par type de zone .38
Annexe A (informative) Justifications .42
Annexe B (informative) Résumé des exigences pour les zones à l'intérieur d'un STFO .44
Annexe C (informative) Méthodes d'analy
...

IEC 60825-2 ®
Edition 3.2 2010-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Safety of laser products –
Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)

Sécurité des appareils à laser –
Partie 2: Sécurité des systèmes de télécommunication par fibres optiques
(STFO)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by

any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or

IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie
et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de la CEI ou du Comité national de la CEI du pays du demandeur.

Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette

publication, utilisez les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de la CEI de votre pays de résidence.

IEC Central Office
3, rue de Varembé
CH-1211 Geneva 20
Switzerland
Email: [e-mail]
Web: www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
§ Catalogue of IEC publications: www.iec.ch/searchpub
The IEC on-line Catalogue enables you to search by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,…).
It also gives information on projects, withdrawn and replaced publications.
§ IEC Just Published: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published details twice a month all new publications released. Available
on-line and also by email.
§ Electropedia: www.electropedia.org
The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 20 000 terms and definitions
in English and French, with equivalent terms in additional languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
Vocabulary online.
§ Customer Service Centre: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please visit the Customer Service
Centre FAQ or contact us:
Email: [e-mail]
Tel.: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
A propos de la CEI
La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI) est la première organisation mondiale qui élabore et publie des
normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait à l'électricité, à l'électronique et aux technologies apparentées.

A propos des publications CEI
Le contenu technique des publications de la CEI est constamment revu. Veuillez vous assurer que vous possédez
l’édition la plus récente, un corrigendum ou amendement peut avoir été publié.
§ Catalogue des publications de la CEI: www.iec.ch/searchpub/cur_fut-f.htm
Le Catalogue en-ligne de la CEI vous permet d’effectuer des recherches en utilisant différents critères (numéro de référence,
texte, comité d’études,…). Il donne aussi des informations sur les projets et les publications retirées ou remplacées.
§ Just Published CEI: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub
Restez informé sur les nouvelles publications de la CEI. Just Published détaille deux fois par mois les nouvelles
publications parues. Disponible en-ligne et aussi par email.
§ Electropedia: www.electropedia.org
Le premier dictionnaire en ligne au monde de termes électroniques et électriques. Il contient plus de 20 000 termes et
définitions en anglais et en français, ainsi que les termes équivalents dans les langues additionnelles. Egalement appelé
Vocabulaire Electrotechnique International en ligne.
§ Service Clients: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv/custserv_entry-f.htm
Si vous désirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette publication ou si vous avez des questions, visitez le FAQ du
Service clients ou contactez-nous:
Email: [e-mail]
Tél.: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
IEC 60825-2 ®
Edition 3.2 2010-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Safety of laser products –
Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)

Sécurité des appareils à laser –
Partie 2: Sécurité des systèmes de télécommunication par fibres optiques
(STFO)
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CS
CODE PRIX
ICS 31.260; 33.180.01 ISBN 978-2-88912-246-2
Publication IEC 60825-2 (Third edition – 2004 and its amendment 1 – 2006) I-SH 01

Safety of laser products – Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)

INTERPRETATION SHEET 1
This interpretation sheet has been prepared by TC 76: Optical radiation safety and laser

equipment.
The text of this interpretation sheet is based on the following documents:
ISH Report on voting
76/376/ISH 76/380/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this interpretation sheet can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
___________
Due to the inconsistency between the new IEC 60825-1:2007 and the current IEC 60825-2,
the previous edition of IEC 60825-1 (IEC 60825-1:1993 and its amendment 1 (1997) and
amendment 2 (2001)) should be used for calculating or measuring hazard levels of optical
fibre communication systems using IEC 60825-2:2004, incorporating amendment 1:2006.
This instruction will remain valid until a new version of IEC 60825-2 is published.

___________
April 2008
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

____________
IEC 60825-2
Edition 3.0  2004-06
SAFETY OF LASER PRODUCTS –
Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)

INTERPRETATION SHEET 2
This interpretation sheet has been prepared by IEC technical committee 76: Optical radiation
safety and laser equipment.
The text of this interpretation sheet is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
76/599/FDIS 76/606/RVDISH
Full information on the voting for the approval of this interpretation sheet can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.

___________
IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0 (2014) introduced a new formula for C between 1 200 nm and
1 400 nm. This formula significantly increases the AEL of class 1 in this wavelength range.

The new formula for C in IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0 should not be used within IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2
(2010) because it may lead to excessive power limits, for example within Hazard Level 1.
Note e) to Table A.1 of IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0 states that: “In the wavelength range between
1 250 nm and 1 400 nm, the limits to protect the retina given in this table may not adequately
protect the anterior parts of the eye (cornea, iris) and caution needs to be exercised. There is
no concern for the anterior parts of the eye if the exposure does not exceed the skin MPE
values.”
IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2 Clause 2 (normative references) contains a dated reference to
IEC 60825-1:2007 in which the correction factor C was set equal to 8 within the wavelength
range of 1 200 nm to 1 400 nm. This dated reference in the normative references section is
technically sufficient for the correct interpretation of IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2, even though
undated references to IEC 60825-1 occur in other clauses. This interpretation sheet is
therefore provided as an additional warning and prompt for users of IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2.
Accordingly, within the wavelength range 1 200 nm to 1 400 nm the formula C = 8 is still to
be used within all affected clauses of IEC 60825-2 Ed. 3.2.
ICS 31.260; 33.180.01
– 2 – IEC 60825-2:2004/ISH2:2018  IEC 2018

This interpretation sheet will remain valid until a new edition of IEC 60825-2 is published.

NOTE Exposure limits for the eye and the skin of employees in the workplace and the general public are in many
countries specified in national laws. These legally-binding national exposure limits might differ from the MPEs

given in the informative Annex A of IEC 60825-1 Ed. 3.0.

– 2 – 60825-2 Ó IEC:2004+A1:2006+A2:2010

CONTENTS
FOREW ORD . 4

1 Scope and object . 6

2 Normative references . 7

3 Terms and definitions . 7

4 Requirements . 10

4.1 General . 10
4.2 Protective housing of OFCS . 11
4.3 Fibre cables . 11
4.4 Cable connectors . 11
4.5 Automatic power reduction (APR) and restart pulses. 12
4.6 Labelling or marking . 13
4.7 Organizational requirements. 18
4.8 Assessment of hazard level . 19
4.9 Hazard level requirements by location type . 20

Annex A (informative) Rationale . 21
Annex B (informative) Summary of requirements at locations in OFCS . 22
Annex C (informative) Methods of hazard/safety analysis . 23
Annex D (informative) Application notes for the safe use of OFCS . 24
Annex E (informative) Guidance for service and maintenance . 48
Annex F (informative) Clarification of the meaning of “hazard level” . 50

Bibliography . 52

Figure D.1 – PON (passive optical network)-based system . 33
Figure D.2 – Simple laser drive circuit . 35
Figure D.3 – Risk graph example from IEC 61508-5 Clause D.5 . 39
Figure D.4 – Graph of FIT rate and mean time to repair . 42

Table 1 – Marking in unrestricted locations . 14
Table 2 – Marking in Restricted Locations . 15
Table 3 – Marking in controlled locations . 16
Table D.1 – OFCS power limits for 11 mm single mode (SM) fibres and 0,18 numerical
aperture multimode (MM) fibres (core diameter < 150 mm) . 26
Table D.2 – Relation between the number of fibres in a ribbon fibre
and the maximum permitted power (example) . 32
Table D.3 – Identification of components and failure modes (example). 36
Table D.4 – Beta values (example) . 36

60825-2 Ó IEC:2004+A1:2006+A2:2010 – 3 –

Table D.5 – Determination of failure rates (example) . 37

Table D.6 – Consequence classification from IEC 61508-5 Table D.1 . 39

Table D.7 – Frequency classification from IEC 61508-5 Table D.1 . 39

Table D.8 – Possibility of avoiding hazard classification from IEC 61508-5 Table D.1 . 40

Table D.9 – Classification of the probability of the unwanted occurrence

from IEC 61508-5 Table D.1 . 40

Table D.10 – Modes of operation – Definitions from IEC 61508-4, 3.5.12 . 41

Table D.11 – SIL Values from 7.6.2.9 of IEC 61508-1 . 41

Table D.12 – Determination of equipment monitoring classification . 43

Table D.13 – FIT rates from example above . 43
Table D.14 – Examples of power limits for optical fibre communication systems
having automatic power reduction to reduce emissions to a lower hazard level . 47

– 4 – 60825-2 Ó IEC:2004+A1:2006+A2:2010

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
...