IEC 62282-3-200:2025

Fuel cell technologies - Part 3-200: Stationary fuel cell power systems - Performance test methods

IEC 62282-3-200:2025 covers operational and environmental aspects of the stationary fuel cell power systems performance. The test methods apply as follows:
- power output under specified operating and transient conditions;
- electrical and heat recovery efficiency under specified operating conditions;
- environmental characteristics, for example, exhaust gas emissions, noise, under specified operating and transient conditions.
This document applies to all kinds of stationary fuel cell technologies, such as:
- alkaline fuel cells (AFC);
- phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC);
- polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC);
- molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC);
- solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC).
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2015. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- revision of the Introduction, Scope and Clause 3;
- revision of the symbols in Table 1;
- revision of Figure 2 (symbol diagram);
- revision of measurement methods (8.3);
- revision of the efficiency test (10.2);
- revision of the electric power and thermal power response characteristics test (10.3);
- revision of the start-up and shutdown characteristics test (10.4);
- revision of Annex C.

Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 3-200: Systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires - Méthodes d'essai des performances

L’IEC 62282-3-200:2025 couvre les aspects de fonctionnement et d’environnement des performances des systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires. Les méthodes d’essai s’appliquent comme suit:
- puissance de sortie dans des conditions de fonctionnement spécifiées y compris les conditions transitoires;
- rendement électrique et rendement de l’énergie thermique récupérée dans des conditions de fonctionnement spécifiées;
- caractéristiques d’environnement, par exemple émissions de gaz d’échappement, bruit, dans des conditions de fonctionnement spécifiées y compris les conditions transitoires.
Le présent document s’applique à toutes sortes de technologies des piles à combustible stationnaires, telles que:
- piles à combustible alcalines (AFC);
- piles à combustible à acide phosphorique (PAFC);
- piles à combustible à électrolyte polymère (PEFC);
- piles à combustible à carbonates fondus (MCFC);
- piles à combustible à oxyde solide (SOFC).
Cette troisième édition annule et remplace la deuxième édition parue en 2015. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l’édition précédente:
- révision de l’Introduction, du Domaine d’application et de l’Article 3;
- révision des symboles énumérés dans le Tableau 1;
- révision de la Figure 2 (schéma des symboles);
- révision des méthodes de mesure (8.3);
- révision de l’essai de rendement (10.2);
- révision de l’essai des caractéristiques de réponse de puissance électrique et de puissance thermique (10.3);
- révision de l’essai des caractéristiques de démarrage/d’arrêt (10.4);
- révision de l’Annexe C.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 24-Sep-2025
• ICS: 27.070 - Fuel cells
• Technical Committee: TC 105 - Fuel cell technologies
• Drafting Committee: MT 202 - TC 105/MT 202
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 25-Sep-2025
• Completion Date: 05-Sep-2025

Relations

• Revises: IEC 62282-3-200:2015 - Fuel cell technologies - Part 3-200: Stationary fuel cell power systems - Performance test methods
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Overview

IEC 62282-3-200:2025 - Fuel cell technologies - Part 3-200: Stationary fuel cell power systems - Performance test methods - is the 3rd edition international standard that defines operational and environmental performance test methods for stationary fuel cell power systems. It applies to all common stationary fuel cell types (AFC, PAFC, PEFC, MCFC, SOFC) and covers measurement and computation of power output, electrical and heat recovery efficiency, and environmental characteristics such as exhaust emissions and noise under steady and transient conditions.

This edition (2025) cancels and replaces the 2015 edition and introduces key revisions to the introduction, scope, symbols and diagrams, measurement methods (Clause 8.3), efficiency test (10.2), response characteristics tests (10.3), start-up/shutdown tests (10.4) and Annex C (reference gas).

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope and reference conditions: Defines ambient/operating reference conditions, heating value basis and test classification.
• Measurement methods (Clause 8.3): Prescribes instrumentation and procedures for electric power, fuel input, recovered heat, oxidant/air flow, exhaust flow, purge gas, water, noise, vibration and harmonic distortion.
• Efficiency testing (10.2): Methods to compute electrical and thermal efficiencies and waste heat rates from measured inputs and outputs.
• Response characteristics (10.3): Tests for electric and thermal power transient response, including criteria for attaining steady state and response time metrics.
• Start-up/shutdown tests (10.4): Procedures and calculations for start-up/shutdown time and energy.
• Environmental tests: Exhaust gas emissions (10.7), noise (10.8), vibration (10.9), and discharge water quality (10.10).
• Ancillary tests: Purge gas and water consumption (optional), total harmonic distortion, and uncertainty analysis (Annex A).
• Annexes: Reference gas compositions (Annex C) and fuel heating value calculation methods (Annex B).

Practical applications and users

This standard is essential for:

• Manufacturers and system integrators validating performance claims and optimizing system design.
• Independent test laboratories and certification bodies conducting standardized performance and emissions testing.
• Procurement teams and fleet operators comparing supplier data sheets and verifying warranty conditions.
• Researchers and R&D departments benchmarking new materials, control strategies and transient behaviours.
• Regulators and policymakers assessing environmental characteristics and compliance.

Use cases include product certification, performance validation for stationary CHP (combined heat and power) systems, warranty testing, and comparative performance reporting.

Related standards (if applicable)

• Part of the IEC 62282 fuel cell technologies series - consult other parts of the series for safety, installation and fuel specifications.
• Cross-reference with national or sectoral environmental and grid-interconnection regulations when applying emissions, noise and transient tests.

Keywords: IEC 62282-3-200, stationary fuel cell power systems, performance test methods, fuel cell efficiency, SOFC, PEFC, emissions test, start-up shutdown, power response.

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 62282-3-200 ®
Edition 3.0 2025-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
REDLINE VERSION
Fuel cell technologies -
Part 3-200: Stationary fuel cell power systems - Performance test methods
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-8327-0748-7
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms, definitions, operating process and symbols . 11
3.1 Terms and definitions. 11
3.2 Symbols . 17
4 Reference conditions . 20
4.1 General . 20
4.2 Temperature and pressure . 20
4.3 Heating value base . 20
5 Items of performance test . 20
6 Operating process . 21
7 Test preparation . 23
7.1 General . 23
7.2 Uncertainty analysis . 23
7.2.1 Uncertainty analysis items . 23
7.2.2 Data acquisition plan . 23
8 Measurement instruments and measurement methods . 23
8.1 General . 23
8.2 Measurement instruments . 24
8.3 Measurement methods . 24
8.3.1 General . 24
8.3.2 Electric power measurements . 24
8.3.3 Fuel input measurement . 25
8.3.4 Recovered heat measurement . 28
8.3.5 Purge gas flow measurement . 29
8.3.6 Oxidant (air) input measurement . 29
8.3.7 Other fluid flow measurement . 30
8.3.8 Exhaust gas flow measurement . 30
8.3.9 Discharge water measurement . 31
8.3.10 Noise level measurement . 32
8.3.11 Vibration level measurement. 32
8.3.12 Total harmonic distortion measurement . 32
8.3.13 Ambient condition measurement . 33
9 Test plan . 33
9.1 General . 33
9.2 Ambient conditions . 33
9.3 Maximum permissible variation in steady state operating conditions . 34
9.4 Test operating procedure . 35
9.5 Duration of test and frequency of readings . 35
10 Test methods and computation of test results . 35
10.1 General . 35
10.2 Efficiency test . 36
10.2.1 General . 36
10.2.2 Test method . 36
10.2.3 Computation of inputs . 36
10.2.4 Computation of output . 47
10.2.5 Computation of waste heat rate . 49
10.2.6 Computation of efficiencies . 50
10.3 Electric power and thermal power response characteristics test . 51
10.3.1 General . 51
10.3.2 Criteria for the determination of attaining the steady state set value . 52
10.3.3 Electric power output response time test . 53
10.3.4 90 % power response time towards rated net electric power output
(optional) . 54
10.3.5 Thermal power output response time test . 54
10.4 Start-up and shutdown characteristics test . 55
10.4.1 General . 55
10.4.2 Test method for start-up characteristics test . 55
10.4.3 Test method for shutdown characteristics test . 56
10.4.4 Calculation of the start-up time . 57
10.4.5 Calculation of the shutdown time . 58
10.4.6 Calculation of the different forms of start-up energy . 58
10.4.7 Calculation of the start-up energy . 59
10.5 Purge gas consumption test . 60
10.5.1 General . 60
10.5.2 Test method . 60
10.6 Water consumption test (optional) . 60
10.6.1 General . 60
10.6.2 Test method . 60
10.7 Exhaust gas emission test . 61
10.7.1 General . 61
10.7.2 Test method . 61
10.7.3 Data processing of emission concentration . 61
10.7.4 Calculation of mean mass discharge rate. 62
10.7.5 Calculation of mass concentration . 62
10.8 Noise level test . 62
10.8.1 General . 62
10.8.2 Test method . 62
10.8.3 Data processing. 63
10.9 Vibration level test . 63
10.10 Discharge water quality test . 64
10.10.1 General . 64
10.10.2 Test method . 64
11 Test reports . 64
11.1 General . 64
11.2 Title page. 65
11.3 Table of contents . 65
11.4 Summary report . 65
11.5 Detailed report . 65
11.6 Full report . 65
Annex A (normativeinformative) Uncertainty analysis . 67
A.1 General . 67
A.2 Preparations . 67
A.3 Basic assumptions . 68
A.4 General approach . 69
Annex B (normativeinformative) Calculation of fuel heating value . 71
Annex C (normative) Reference gas . 76
Annex D (informative) Maximum acceptable instantaneous electric power output
transient . 79
Bibliography . 80

Figure 1 – Fuel cell power system diagram . 8
Figure 2 – Symbol diagram for power inputs and outputs . 20
Figure 3 – Operating process chart of fuel cell power system . 22
Figure 4 – Electric and thermal power response time . 51
Figure 5 – Example of electric and thermal power response time to attain steady-state
set value Criteria for attaining steady state . 52
Figure 6 – Example of electric power chart at start-up. 56
Figure 7 – Electric power chart at shutdown . 57

Table 1 – Symbols . 17
Table 2 – Test classification and test item . 21
Table 3 – Test item and system status . 34
Table 4 – Maximum permissible variations in test operating conditions . 35
Table 5 – Vibration correction factors. 64
Table B.1 – Heating value for component of gaseous fuel . 71
Table B.2 – Worksheet 1 – Calculation worksheet for energy of fuel gases . 73
Table B.3 – Worksheet 2 – Calculation worksheet for energy of air . 75
Table C.1 – Reference gas for Examples of compositions of natural gas . 77
Table C.2 – Reference gas for propane gas Examples of compositions of liquified
petroleum gas (LPG) . 78

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
Fuel cell technologies -
Part 3-200: Stationary fuel cell power systems -
Performance test methods
FOREWORD
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
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9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
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shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This redline version of the official IEC Standard allows the user to identify the changes made
to the previous edition IEC 62282-3-200:2025. A vertical bar appears in the margin wherever a
change has been made. Additions are in green text, deletions are in strikethrough red text.

IEC 62282-3-200 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 105: Fuel cell technologies. It
is an International Standard.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2015. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) revision of the Introduction, Scope and Clause 3;
b) revision of the symbols in Table 1;
c) revision of Figure 2 (symbol diagram);
d) revision of measurement methods (8.3);
e) revision of the efficiency test (10.2);
f) revision of the electric power and thermal power response characteristics test (10.3);
g) revision of the start-up and shutdown characteristics test (10.4);
h) revision of Annex C.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
105/1124/FDIS 105/1134/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 62282 series, published under the general title Fuel cell technologies,
can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn, or
• revised.
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 62282 describes how to measure the performance of stationary fuel cell power
systems for residential, commercial, agricultural and industrial applications.
This document describes type tests and their test methods only. In this document, no routine
tests are required or identified, and no performance targets are set.
The following fuel cell types have been considered:
– alkaline fuel cells (AFC);
– phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC);
– polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC);
– molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC);
– solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC).
A related but independent standard IEC 62282-3-201 on the performance test methods of small
stationary fuel cell power systems has been aligned with this document.

1 Scope
This part of IEC 62282 covers operational and environmental aspects of the stationary fuel cell
power systems performance. The test methods apply as follows:
– power output under specified operating and transient conditions;
– electrical and heat recovery efficiency under specified operating conditions;
– environmental characteristics, for example, exhaust gas emissions, noise, under specified
operating and transient conditions.
This document applies to all kinds of stationary fuel cell technologies, such as:
– alkaline fuel cells (AFC);
– phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC);
– polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC);
– molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC);
– solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC).
This document does not provide coverage for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
This document does not apply to small stationary fuel cell power systems with rated electric
power output of less than 10 kW which are dealt with in IEC 62282-3-201.
Fuel cell power systems may can have different subsystems depending upon types of fuel cell
and applications, and they have different streams of material and energy into and out of them.
However, a common system diagram and boundary has been defined for evaluation of the fuel
cell power system (see Figure 1).
The following conditions are considered in order to determine the system boundary of the fuel
cell power system:
– all energy recovery systems are included within the system boundary;
– all kinds of electric energy storage devices are considered outside the system boundary;
– calculation of the heating value of the input fuel (such as natural gas, propane gas and pure
hydrogen gas) is based on the conditions of the fuel at the boundary of the fuel cell power
system.
The document does not provide safety requirements for the testing of stationary fuel cell power
systems. Details on safe operation of the tested system can be obtained from the manufacturers
instructions.
Power inputs:
System boundary
electric, external
thermal, shaft work
Recovered heat
Thermal
management
Waste heat
Fuel
Fuel
Useable power
Fuel
processing
Power
cell
conditioning
Oxidant
Oxidant
Water
Water processing Internal power Discharge
treatment water
Inert Gas
Exhaust gases,
Automatic
Ventilation
Ventilation
til ti
EMI
control
s stem
EMD
Noise,
Vibration,
IEC
wind, rain,
Key
Fuel cell power system including subsystems. The interface is defined as a conceptual or functional
one instead of hardware such as a power package.
Subsystems: fuel cell module, fuel processor, etc. These subsystem configurations depend on the kind
of fuel, type of fuel cell or system.
The interface points in the boundary to be measured for calculation data.
a
EMD electromagnetic disturbance
b
EMI electromagnetic interference
Figure 1 – Fuel cell power system diagram
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60051 (all parts), Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and
their accessories
IEC 60359, Electrical and electronic measurement equipment - Expression of performance
IEC 60688, Electrical measuring transducers for converting AC and DC electrical quantities to
analogue or digital signals
IEC 61000-4-7, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-7: Testing and measurement
techniques - General guide on harmonics and interharmonics measurements and
instrumentation, for power supply systems and equipment connected thereto
IEC 61000-4-13, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-13: Testing and measurement
techniques – Harmonics and interharmonics including mains signalling at a.c. power port, low
frequency immunity tests
IEC 61028, Electrical measuring instruments - X-Y recorders
IEC 61143 (all parts), Electrical measuring instruments - X-t recorders
IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics - Sound level meters - Part 1: Specifications
IEC 61672-2, Electroacoustics - Sound level meters - Part 2: Pattern evaluation tests
IEC 62052-11, Electricity metering equipment (AC) - General requirements, tests and test
conditions - Part 11: Metering equipment
IEC 62053-22, Electricity metering equipment (a.c.) - Particular requirements - Part 22: Static
meters for AC active energy (classes 0,1S, 0,2S and 0,5S)
IEC 62282-3-201, Fuel cell technologies - Part 3-201: Stationary fuel cell power systems -
Performance test methods for small fuel cell power systems
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement – Part 3: Guide to the expression of
uncertainty in measurement (GUM: 1995)
ISO 3648, Aviation fuels - Estimation of net specific energy
ISO 3744, Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure - Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a
reflecting plane
ISO 4677-1, Atmospheres for conditioning and testing - Determination of relative humidity –
Part 1: Aspirated psychrometer method
ISO 4677-2, Atmospheres for conditioning and testing - Determination of relative humidity –
Part 2: Whirling psychrometer method
ISO 5167 (all parts), Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices
inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full
ISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and shock - Mechanical mounting of accelerometers
ISO 5815-2, Water quality - Determination of biochemical oxygen demand after n days (BODn)
- Part 2: Method for undiluted samples
ISO 6060, Water quality - Determination of the chemical oxygen demand
ISO 6326 (all parts), Natural gas − Determination of sulfur compounds
ISO 6974 (all parts), Natural gas - Determination of composition and associated uncertainty by
gas chromatography
ISO 6975 (all parts), Natural gas - Extended analysis - Gas chromatographic method
ISO 7934, Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of sulfur
dioxide - Hydrogen peroxide/barium perchlorate/Thorin method
ISO 7935, Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of sulfur
dioxide in flue gases - Performance characteristics of automated measuring methods systems
ISO 8217:2024, Petroleum products Products from petroleum, synthetic and renewable sources
- Fuels (class F) - Specifications of marine fuels
ISO 10101 (all parts), Natural gas - Determination of water by the Karl Fisher method
ISO 10396, Stationary source emissions - Sampling for the automated determination of gas
emission concentrations for permanently-installed monitoring systems
ISO 10523, Water quality - Determination of pH
ISO 11626, Natural gas - Determination of sulfur compounds - Determination of hydrogen
sulfide content by UV absorption method
ISO 10849, Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of nitrogen
oxides in flue gas - Performance characteristics of automated measuring systems
ISO 11042-1, Gas turbines - Exhaust gas emission - Part 1: Measurement and evaluation
ISO 11042-2, Gas turbines - Exhaust gas emission - Part 2: Automated emission monitoring
ISO 11541, Natural gas - Determination of water content at high pressure
ISO 11564, Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of nitrogen
oxides - Naphthylethylenediamine photometric method
___________
This publication was withdrawn.
ISO 11632, Stationary source emissions - Determination of mass concentration of sulfur
dioxide - Ion chromatography method
ISO 14687, Hydrogen fuel - Product specification
ISO 14687-1, Hydrogen fuel – Product specification – Part 1: All applications except proton
exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell for road vehicles
ISO/TR 15916, Basic considerations for the safety of hydrogen systems
ISO 16622, Meteorology - Sonic anemometers/thermometers - Acceptance test methods for
mean wind measurements
ISO 16960, Natural gas - Determination of sulfur compounds - Determination of total sulfur by
oxidative microcoulometry method
ISO 19739, Natural gas - Determination of sulfur compounds using gas chromatography
ISO 20729, Natural gas - Determination of sulfur compounds - Determination of total sulfur
content by ultraviolet fluorescence method
ASTM D4809, Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by
Bomb Calorimeter (Precision Method)
ASTM F2602, Standard Test Method for Determining the Molar Mass of Chitosan and Chitosan
Salts by Size Exclusion Chromatography with Multi-angle Light Scattering Detection (SEC-
MALS)
3 Terms, definitions, operating process and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
auxiliary electric power input
electric power for auxiliary machines and equipment supplied from outside the system boundary
3.1.2
background noise level
sound pressure level of ambient noise at the measurement point
Note 1 to entry: This measurement is taken as described in this document with the fuel cell power system in the
cold state.
3.1.3
background vibration level
mechanical oscillations level caused by the environment that affect vibration level readings
Note 1 to entry: In this document, background vibration is measured with the fuel cell power system in the cold
state.
3.1.4
cold state
state of a fuel cell power system, which is entirely at ambient temperature with no power input
or output, ready for start-up
Note 1 to entry: Power input to a control device for monitoring the fuel cell power system during cold state is not
taken into consideration.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:2020, 485-21-01, modified – "which is entirely" and "ready for start-
up" added; Note 1 to entry added.]
3.1.5
discharge water
water discharged from the fuel cell power system including waste water and condensate
3.1.6
electrical efficiency
ratio of the average net electric power output produced by a fuel cell power system to the
average total power input supplied to the fuel cell power system
Note 1 to entry: Lower heating value (LHV) is assumed unless otherwise stated.
Note 2 to entry: Any electric power that is supplied to auxiliary machines and equipment of a fuel cell power system
from an external source is deducted from the electric power output of the fuel cell power system.
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62282-1:2013, 3.30.1, modified – ”average ” added to “net electric power
output”; “average total power input” instead of “total enthalpy flow”; Note 2 to entry” added
IEC 60050-485:2020, 485-10-02, modified – "electrical" instead of "electric" in the preferred
term; "average net electric power output" instead of "net electric power"; "average total power
input" instead of "total enthalpy flow"; “Note 2 to entry added.]
3.1.7
external thermal energy
additional thermal energy input from outside the system boundary, such as cycle make-up and
process condensate return
Note 1 to entry: External thermal energy can be supplied e.g. by make-up water or process condensate return.
3.1.8
fuel cell module
assembly incorporating one or more fuel cell stacks and, if applicable, additional components,
that is intended to be integrated into a power system
Note 1 to entry: A fuel cell module comprises the following main components: one or more fuel cell stack(s), a
piping system for conveying fuels, oxidants and exhausts, electric connections for the power delivered by the
stack(s), and means for monitoring, control or both. Additionally, a fuel cell module may can comprise: means for
conveying additional fluids (e.g. cooling media, inert gas, CO (MCFC)), means for detecting normal and/or abnormal
operating conditions, enclosures or pressure vessels and module ventilation systems, and the required electronic
components for module operation and power conditioning.
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62282-1:2013, 3.48, modified – “or a vehicle” deleted IEC 60050-485:2020,
485-09-03, modified – In the definition "or a vehicle" deleted and in the Note to entry, "CO
(MCFC)" added.]
3.1.9
fuel cell power system
generator system that uses one or more fuel cell modules to generate electric power and heat
Note 1 to entry: A fuel cell power system is composed of all or some of the systems shown in Figure 1.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:2020, 485-09-01, modified – Note 1 to entry added.]
3.1.10
fuel input
amount of natural gas, hydrogen, methanol, liquid petroleum gas, propane, butane, or other
substance containing chemical energy introduced to the fuel cell power system during specified
operating conditions
3.1.11
heat recovery efficiency
ratio of the average recovered thermal power output of a fuel cell power system to the average
total power input supplied to the fuel cell power system
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62282-1:2013, 3.30.3, modified – “average recovered thermal power output”
instead of “recovered heat flow”; “average total power input” instead of “total enthalpy flow”
IEC 60050-485:2020, 485-10-04, modified – "average recovered thermal power output" instead
of "recovered heat flow"; "average total power input" instead of "total enthalpy flow"; Note 1 to
entry deleted.]
3.1.12
interface point
measurement point at the boundary of a fuel cell power system at which material or energy, or
both, either enters or leaves
Note 1 to entry: This boundary is intentionally selected to accurately measure the performance of the system
including all normal operation, both steady state and transient. If necessary, the boundary or the interface points of
the fuel cell power system (Figure 1) to be assessed should be determined by agreement between the parties.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:2020, 485-09-12, modified – In Note 1 to entry, reference to Figure 1
added and Note 2 to entry deleted.]
3.1.13
minimum power
minimumlowest net electric power output at which a fuel cell power system is able to operate
continuously in a stable manner
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62282-1:2013, 3.85.2, modified – “output” added, “Note 1 to entry” deleted
IEC 60050-485:2020, 485-14-02, modified – "output" added, Note 1 to entry deleted.]
3.1.14
noise level
sound pressure level produced by a fuel cell power system
Note 1 to entry: Noise level is expressed in decibels (dB) and measured at a specified distance and in all operation
modes as described in this document.
3.1.15
operating temperature
temperature at which the fuel cell power system operates and is with its determination specified
with a measuring point by the manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: The temperature can be either measured at a specific measuring point or determined from the
measurement at several specific points.
3.1.16
overall energy efficiency
ratio of total useable power output (net electrical power and recovered thermal power) to the
average total power input supplied to the fuel cell power system
Note 1 to entry: The supplied total power input of the fuel should be related to the lower heating value (LHV) for a
better comparison with other types of energy conversion systems.
Note 2 to entry: Refer to 4.3 regarding reporting based on LHV or HHV.
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62282-1:2013, 3.30.4, modified – alternative expression “or total thermal
efficiency” deleted; “power output” instead of “energy flow”; “average total power input” instead
of “total enthalpy flow” IEC 60050-485:2020, 485-10-05, modified – Second preferred term "total
thermal efficiency" deleted; in the definition,"power output" instead of "energy flow"; "thermal
power" instead of "heat flow"; "average total power input" instead of "total enthalpy flow"; in
Note 1 to entry, "total power input" instead of "total (including reaction enthalpy) enthalpy flow"
and Note 2 to entry added.]
3.1.17
oxidant input
amount of oxidant (air) input into the inside of the fuel cell module during specified operating
conditions
Note 1 to entry: The oxidant is usually air, but other oxidants (e.g. oxygen) can be used.
3.1.18
power response time
duration between the instant of initiating a change of electric or thermal power output and when
the electric or thermal power output attains the steady state set value within tolerance
3.1.19
90 % power response time
duration between the instant of initiating a change of electric or thermal power output and when
the electric or thermal power output attains 90 % of the desired value within tolerance
3.1.20
pre-generation state
state of a fuel cell power system at a sufficient operating temperature and in such an operational
mode, with zero electric power output, that the fuel cell power system is capable of being
promptly switched to an operational state with a substantial net electric or thermal active power
output
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62282-1:2013, 3.110.4, modified – “or thermal active” added IEC 60050-
485:2020, 485-21-04, modified – second preferred term "pre-generation operation" deleted and
in the definition, "net” added before “electric”]
3.1.21
purge gas consumption
amount of inert gas or dilution gas supplied to the fuel cell power system during specific
conditions to make it ready for operation or shutdown
3.1.22
net electric power output
power generated by the fuel cell power system and available for external use
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:2020, 485-14-03, modified – "output" added to the preferred term,
Notes 1 and 2 to entry deleted.]
3.1.23
rated power
maximum continuous electric power output that a fuel cell power system is designed to achieve
under normal operating conditions specified by the manufacturer
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62282-1:2013, 3.85.4, modified – “Note 1 to entry” deleted IEC 60050-
485:2020, 485-14-04, modified – "Note 1 to entry" deleted.]
3.1.24
recovered heat
thermal energy that is recovered for useful purposes
Note 1 to entry: The recovered heat is measured by determining the temperatures and flow rates of heat recovery
fluid (water, steam, air or oil, etc.), entering and leaving the thermal energy recovery subsystem at the interface point
of the fuel cell power system.
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62282-1:2013, 2.2, modified – “Note 1 to entry” added]
3.1.25
reference condition
values of influence quantities prescribed specified for testing the performance of a measuring
instrument, which in this document are 288,15 K (15 °C) for temperature and 101,325 kPa for
pressure
3.1.26
response time to rated power
duration between the instant when the step load change from minimum to rated power or vice
versa is initiated and the first instant when this the desired value is delivered within a specific
tolerance value
3.1.27
shaft work
mechanical energy input from outside the system boundary for accomplishing useful work
3.1.28
shutdown time
duration between the instant when the load a shutdown action is removed initiated at rated
electric power output and the instant when the shutdown is completed, as specified by the
manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: The shutdown operation is classified into types: normal shutdown and emergency shutdown.
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62282-1:2013, 3.115.4, modified – “at rated power” added, “Note 1 to entry”
added IEC
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