ISO 6182-14:2019

Fire protection - Automatic nozzle systems - Part 14: Requirements and test methods for water spray nozzles

This document specifies performance requirements, methods of test, and marking requirements for open water spray nozzles. This document is not applicable to open sprinklers or open water mist nozzles. Factors of installation, such as nozzle spacing, design densities, wind and hot gas velocities, are not intended to be addressed by this document.

Protection contre l'incendie — Systèmes d'extinction automatiques du type sprinkler — Partie 14: Titre manque

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 03-Feb-2019
• ICS: 13.220.20 - Fire protection
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 21/SC 5 - Fixed firefighting systems using water
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 21/SC 5 - Fixed firefighting systems using water
• Current Stage: 9092 - International Standard to be revised
• Start Date: 09-Oct-2024
• Completion Date: 13-Dec-2025

Relations

• Consolidated By: ISO 8167:2021 - Resistance welding - Embossed projection welding - Projections for resistance welding
• Effective Date: 06-Jun-2022

Overview

ISO 6182-14:2019 - Fire protection - Automatic nozzle systems - Part 14 specifies performance requirements, test methods and marking for open water spray nozzles used in fire protection. It covers material, construction and functional tests for nozzles (not open sprinklers or water mist nozzles) and excludes installation design factors such as nozzle spacing, design densities, wind or hot gas velocities. The standard is part of the ISO 6182 series for fixed firefighting systems using water.

Key topics and requirements

• Scope and definitions: Clarifies what constitutes an open water spray nozzle and distinguishes coated nozzles (factory-applied corrosion protection).
• Materials and assembly: Nozzles must be made from corrosion‑resistant metallic materials (brass, bronze, stainless steel are accepted) and be designed so they cannot be readily adjusted, dismantled or reassembled.
• Orifice and strainer rules:
  • A 5 mm diameter sphere must pass through each water passage unless protected by a strainer.
  • If orifices <5 mm are used, strainers are required; strainer openings ≤80% of the smallest passage and total open area ≥150% of total nozzle orifice area.
• Flow constant (K-factor): The standard defines the nozzle flow constant and prescribes test method (Clause 7.2). Tolerance: calculated K must be within ±5% of manufacturer value for K ≥ 40 and ±10% for K < 40.
• Spray angle: Measured per Clause 7.3; spray angle must be within ±10° of the manufacturer’s published value.
• Durability and environmental tests:
  • Stress corrosion tests for copper alloys and stainless steel (Clause 7.4).
  • Coating tests (evaporation - mass loss ≤5%, low/high temperature resistance).
  • Resistance to heat, vibration, impact, and strength of water dispersing components.
• Marking and instructions: Marking requirements (Clause 8) and manufacturer installation instructions (Clause 9) ensure traceability and correct use.
• Quality control: Manufacturers must implement a quality programme to ensure consistent production.

Applications and users

ISO 6182-14:2019 is intended for use where open water spray nozzles apply water for:

• exposure protection and fire control/extinguishment (including flammable liquid hazards)
• conveyor openings, oil‑cooled transformers, dryers and similar process hazards

Primary users:

• nozzle and fire‑protection equipment manufacturers
• fire protection engineers and system designers
• test laboratories and certification bodies
• specifiers, procurement teams and authorities having jurisdiction (AHJs)
• installation contractors and maintenance teams

Related standards

Normative references include ISO 7‑1, ISO 49, ISO 65 and ASTM G36. See the wider ISO 6182 series for other parts of automatic nozzle and water‑based firefighting systems.

Keywords: ISO 6182-14:2019, water spray nozzles, K-factor, spray angle, fire protection standard, test methods, coated nozzles, stress corrosion, marking requirements.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 6182-14
First edition
2019-02
Fire protection — Automatic nozzle
systems —
Part 14:
Requirements and test methods for
water spray nozzles
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
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Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Product consistency . 2
5 Product assembly. 2
5.1 Design features . 2
5.2 Materials of construction . 2
6 Requirements . 2
6.1 Dimensions . 2
6.1.1 Orifice size . 2
6.1.2 Nominal thread sizes . 2
6.2 Flow constant (see 7.2) . 2
6.3 Spray angle (see 7.3) . 3
6.4 Stress corrosion (see 7.4) . 3
6.4.1 Stress corrosion for copper alloy parts (see 7.4.1) . 3
6.4.2 Stress corrosion for stainless steel parts (see 7.4.2) . 3
6.5 Coated nozzles (see 7.5) . 3
6.5.1 Evaporation of wax and bitumen (see 7.5.1) . 3
6.5.2 Resistance to low temperatures (see 7.5.2) . 3
6.5.3 Resistance to high temperature (see 7.5.3) . 3
6.6 Resistance to heat (see 7.6) . 3
6.7 Vibration (see 7.7) . 4
6.8 Impact (see 7.8) . . 4
6.9 Strength of water dispersing components (see 7.9) . 4
7 Methods of test . 4
7.1 Preliminary examination . . 4
7.1.1 Visual examination . 4
7.2 Water flow constant (see 6.2) . 4
7.3 Spray angle tests (see 6.3) . 5
7.4 Stress corrosion tests (see 6.4) . 7
7.4.1 Stress corrosion test with aqueous ammonia solution (see 6.4.1) . 7
7.4.2 Stress corrosion test with a boiling magnesium chloride solution (see 6.4.2) . 8
7.5 Tests for nozzle coatings (see 6.5) . 8
7.5.1 Evaporation test (see 6.5.1). 8
7.5.2 Low-temperature test (see 6.5.2) . 8
7.5.3 High-temperature test (see 6.5.3) . 8
7.6 Resistance to heat test (see 6.6) . 8
7.7 Vibration test (see 6.7) . 9
7.8 Impact test (see 6.8) . 9
7.9 Strength of water dispersing components test (see 6.9) .10
8 Marking .10
8.1 Nozzles .10
9 Manufacturer’s installation instructions .11
Annex A (normative) Tolerances .12
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
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expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and fire
fighting, Subcommittee SC 5, Fixed firefighting systems using water.
A list of all parts in the ISO 6182 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Introduction
These nozzles are intended for application of hazards involving: exposure protection; the
extinguishment or control of fires including flammable liquids hazards; conveyor openings; oil cooled
transformers; dryers; and other hazards.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6182-14:2019(E)
Fire protection — Automatic nozzle systems —
Part 14:
Requirements and test methods for water spray nozzles
1 Scope
This document specifies performance requirements, methods of test, and marking requirements
for open water spray nozzles. This document is not applicable to open sprinklers or open water mist
nozzles.
Factors of installation, such as nozzle spacing, design densities, wind and hot gas velocities, are not
intended to be addressed by this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 7-1, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads — Part 1: Dimensions, tolerances
and designation
ISO 49, Malleable cast iron fittings threaded to ISO 7-1
ISO 65, Carbon steel tubes suitable for screwing in accordance with ISO 7-1
ASTM G36, Standard Practice for Evaluating Stress-Corrosion-Cracking Resistance of Metals and Alloys in
a Boiling Magnesium Chloride Solution
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http: //www .iso .org/obp
3.1
water spray nozzle
water discharge device that, when discharging water under pressure, will distribute the water in a
specific directional pattern
Note 1 to entry: Some devices utilize deflector plates or swirl chambers.
3.2
open water spray nozzle
water spray nozzle (3.1) that has no heat responsive element and discharges water after the water spray
system is actuated
3.3
coated nozzle
water spray nozzle (3.1) that has a factory-applied coating for corrosion protection
Note 1 to entry: For the purposes of this document, the term 'coated nozzle' does not include coatings intended
for aesthetic purposes.
4 Product consistency
It shall be the responsibility of the manufacturer to implement a quality control programme to ensure
that production continuously meets the requirements of this document.
5 Product assembly
5.1 Design features
All nozzles shall be designed and manufactured in such a way that they cannot be readily adjusted,
dismantled or reassembled.
5.2 Materials of construction
Nozzles shall be constructed of corrosion resistant metallic materials. Nozzles made of brass, bronze or
stainless steel are deemed to satisfy this requirement.
6 Requirements
6.1 Dimensions
6.1.1 Orifice size
6.1.1.1 Except as permitted in 6.1.1.2, all nozzles shall be constructed so that a sphere of diameter
5 mm can pass through each water passage in the nozzle.
6.1.1.2 Nozzles having orifices smaller than a nominal 5 mm diameter are permitted if the orifices are
protected with a strainer in the system or in each nozzle. The maximum dimension of an opening in the
strainer shall not exceed 80 % of the smallest water passageway being protected and the total open area
of the strainer shall not be less than 150 % of the total nozzle orifice area.
NOTE If there is no risk of corrosion or water deposits, then an orifice less than 5 mm can be used without a
strainer. See the manufacturer’s installation instruction requirements in Clause 9.
6.1.2 Nominal thread sizes
Nominal thread sizes shall be suitable for fittings threaded in accordance with ISO 7-1. The dimensions
of all threaded connections should conform to International Standards where applied or shall conform
to national standards where International Standards are not applicable.
6.2 Flow constant (see 7.2)
The flow constant, K, for nozzles is given by the formula:
q
K=
10p
where
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

p is the pressure, expressed in megapascals;
q is the flow rate, expressed in litres per minute;
K-factor for nozzles shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s design and installation instructions
when determined by the test method given in 7.2. Each flow constant K (calculated), shall be within
±5 % of the manufacturer’s value, for nozzles having a nominal k-factor of 40 or larger, and ±10 % of the
manufacture
...