ISO/FDIS 21384-2
(Main)Unmanned aircraft systems
Unmanned aircraft systems
Titre manque
General Information
Standards Content (sample)
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 21384-2
ISO/TC 20/SC 16
Unmanned aircraft systems —
Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on:
Part 2:
2021-09-08
UAS components
Voting terminates on:
2021-11-03
IMPORTANT — Please use this updated version dated 2021-08-25,
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
and discard any previous version of this FDIS.
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/FDIS 21384-2:2021(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2021
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ISO/FDIS 21384-2:2021(E)
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© ISO 2021
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ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
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ISO/FDIS 21384-2:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................vii
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................viii
1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Abbreviated terms .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
5 General design requirements for UAS ............................................................................................................................................ 4
5.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
5.2 Function and reliability ................................................................................................................................................................... 4
5.2.1 Design ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 4
5.2.2 Components ......................................................................................................................................................................... 5
5.3 Maintainability and supportability ....................................................................................................................................... 5
5.3.1 Design ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 5
5.3.2 Documentation .................................................................................................................................................................. 5
5.3.3 Support ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
5.4 Fatigue durability .................................................................................................................................................................................. 6
5.5 Aircraft identification features .................................................................................................................................................. 6
5.6 Transportation, storage and packaging ............................................................................................................................. 6
6 Aircraft structures .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 7
6.1 Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
6.2 Damage tolerance assessment .................................................................................................................................................. 7
6.3 UA construction ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
6.4 Moving parts ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 8
6.5 Attached parts ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
7 Propulsion ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
7.1 Propulsion risk management ..................................................................................................................................................... 8
7.2 Engines and motors ............................................................................................................................................................................ 8
7.2.1 General requirements .................................................................................................................................................. 8
7.2.2 Mounting and installation ........................................................................................................................................ 8
7.2.3 Combustion engines...................................................................................................................................................... 9
7.2.4 Electric motors .................................................................................................................................................................. 9
7.2.5 Electronic speed controller (ESC) requirements ................................................................................. 9
7.3 Thrust mechanisms ............................................................................................................................................................................ 9
7.3.1 Propellers and rotors ................................................................................................................................................... 9
7.3.2 Turbine and fans ...........................................................................................................................................................10
8 Electrical systems .............................................................................................................................................................................................10
8.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................10
8.2 Electrical Safety ...................................................................................................................................................................................10
8.3 Airborne electrical systems ......................................................................................................................................................10
8.4 Ground electrical systems ..........................................................................................................................................................10
8.4.1 UAS electrical components on the ground ..............................................................................................10
8.4.2 RPS power system .......................................................................................................................................................11
8.4.3 Labelling ...............................................................................................................................................................................11
9 Energy sources .....................................................................................................................................................................................................11
9.1 Batteries .....................................................................................................................................................................................................11
9.1.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................11
9.1.2 Protective measures ........................................................................................................................................... ........11
9.1.3 Precautions ........................................................................................................................................................................11
9.2 Combustible fuels ..............................................................................................................................................................................11
9.3 Fuel cells ....................................................................................................................................................................................................12
9.3.1 General requirements ...............................................................................................................................................12
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ISO/FDIS 21384-2:2021(E)
9.3.2 General safety requirements ..............................................................................................................................12
9.3.3 Protective measures ........................................................................................................................................... ........12
10 Equipment ................................................................................................................................................................................................................12
10.1 Avionic equipment (general) ...................................................................................................................................................12
10.2 Flight control system (FCS) .......................................................................................................................................................13
10.2.1 General requirement .................................................................................................................................................13
10.2.2 Flight control hardware ..........................................................................................................................................13
10.2.3 Flight control software ............................................................................................................................................14
10.2.4 Course accuracy .............................................................................................................................................................14
10.2.5 Airspeed ...............................................................................................................................................................................14
10.3 Flight control actuators ................................................................................................................................................................15
10.4 Diagnostics ..............................................................................................................................................................................................15
10.5 Navigation systems ..........................................................................................................................................................................15
10.5.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................15
10.5.2 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver ......................................................................15
10.5.3 Real time kinematic (RTK) augmentation ..............................................................................................15
10.5.4 Inertial measurement unit (IMU) ...................................................................................................................16
10.5.5 Magnetic compass........................................................................................................................................................16
10.6 Attitude sensors ..................................................................................................................................................................................16
10.6.1 Altimeter ..............................................................................................................................................................................16
10.6.2 Airspeed sensor .............................................................................................................................................................16
10.6.3 Optical sensor ..................................................................................................................................................................17
10.7 Hardware and software redundancy ................................................................................................................................17
10.8 Failure modes ........................................................................................................................................................................................17
11 C2 Link ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................18
11.1 Performance and design ..............................................................................................................................................................18
11.2 Antenna module design ................................................................................................................................................................18
11.3 Operations ................................................................................................................................................................................................18
11.4 Monitoring ...............................................................................................................................................................................................19
11.5 Protocol ......................................................................................................................................................................................................19
11.6 Data features ..........................................................................................................................................................................................19
11.6.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................19
11.6.2 UA status data ..................................................................................................................................................................19
11.6.3 Delay requirements ....................................................................................................................................................19
11.7 Reliability requirements ..............................................................................................................................................................19
11.8 Security requirements ...................................................................................................................................................................20
12 Remote pilot station .......................................................................................................................................................................................20
12.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................20
12.2 Features ......................................................................................................................................................................................................20
12.2.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................20
12.2.2 Data monitoring systems requirements ...................................................................................................20
12.3 Design requirements ......................................................................................................................................................................20
12.3.1 System ....................................................................................................................................................................................20
12.3.2 Structure ..............................................................................................................................................................................21
12.3.3 Human factors engineering and ergonomics design .....................................................................21
12.4 Functional requirements .............................................................................................................................................................21
12.4.1 Mission planning ...........................................................................................................................................................21
12.4.2 Data link control ............................................................................................................................................................21
12.4.3 Flight Control Commands .....................................................................................................................................21
12.5 Displays ......................................................................................................................................................................................................22
12.5.1 Instrumentation ............................................................................................................................................................22
12.5.2 Readability .........................................................................................................................................................................22
12.5.3 Accuracy ...............................................................................................................................................................................22
12.5.4 Warnings, cautions, and advisories ..............................................................................................................22
12.5.5 Display/interface failures......................................................................................................................................22
12.5.6 Track and parameter display .............................................................................................................................23
12.5.7 C2 Link status display ...............................................................................................................................................23
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ISO/FDIS 21384-2:2021(E)
12.5.8 Telemetry parameter record ..............................................................................................................................23
12.6 Performance requirements .......................................................................................................................................................23
12.6.1 Environmental adaptability ................................................................................................................................23
12.6.2 Reliability ............................................................................................................................................................................24
12.7 Safety ............................................................................................................................................................................................................24
12.8 Collision avoidance (CA) systems ........................................................................................................................................24
13 Payload.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................24
13.1 General requirements ....................................................................................................................................................................24
13.2 Safety marking......................................................................................................................................................................................25
13.3 Wiring design ........................................................................................................................................................................................25
13.4 Payload power supply ....................................................................................................................................................................25
13.5 Storage requirement .......................................................................................................................................................................25
14 Airworthiness .......................................................................................................................................................................................................25
14.1 Documentation ....................................................................................................................................................................................25
14.1.1 Instructions .......................................................................................................................................................................25
14.1.2 Manuals and handbooks ........................................................................................................................................25
14.1.3 Procedural changes ....................................................................................................................................................26
14.2 Composition of an operator’s manual ..............................................................................................................................26
14.2.1 Technical specifications ..........................................................................................................................................26
14.2.2 Flight performance .....................................................................................................................................................26
14.2.3 Aircraft weights..............................................................................................................................................................26
14.2.4 Flight control accuracy ............................................................................................................................................26
14.2.5 Dimensions ........................................................................................................................................................................27
14.2.6 Atmospheric and other environments adaptability .......................................................................27
14.3 Electromagnetic compatibility considerations ........................................................................................................27
14.4 Noise .............................................................................................................................................................................................................27
14.5 Built-in test and monitoring .....................................................................................................................................................27
14.6 System safety program ..................................................................................................................................................................28
14.6.1 Selection of design materials .............................................................................................................................28
14.6.2 Properties and processes ......................................................................................................................................28
14.6.3 Mass properties .............................................................................................................................................................28
14.6.4 Corrosion .............................................................................................................................................................................29
14.6.5 Material limitations ....................................................................................................................................................29
14.6.6 Fire hazards .......................................................................................................................................................................29
14.6.7 Equipment separation ........................................................................................................................................... ...29
15 UAS software ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................29
15.1 Software architecture and design ........................................................................................................................................29
15.2 Safety ............................................................................................................................................................................................................30
15.3 Security .......................................................................................................................................................................................................30
15.4 Software compliance .............................................................
...
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