Information technology — Data interchange on 356 mm optical disk cartridges — WORM, using phase change technology — Capacity: 14,8 Gbytes and 25 Gbytes per cartridge

Technologies de l'information — Échange de données sur cartouches de disques optiques 356 mm (WORM), utilisant la technologie de changement de phase — Capacité: 14,8 Gbytes et 25 Gbytes par cartouche

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
15-Jul-1998
Withdrawal Date
15-Jul-1998
Current Stage
9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
Completion Date
17-Nov-2021
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ISO/IEC 15898:1998 - Information technology -- Data interchange on 356 mm optical disk cartridges -- WORM, using phase change technology -- Capacity: 14,8 Gbytes and 25 Gbytes per cartridge
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INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 15898
First edition
1998-07-15
Information technology — Data interchange
on 356 mm optical disk cartridges —
WORM, using phase change technology —
Capacity: 14,8 Gbytes and 25 Gbytes per
cartridge
Technologies de l'information — Échange de données sur cartouches de
disques optiques 356 mm [WORM], utilisant la technologie de changement
de phase — Capacité: 14,8 Gbytes et 25 Gbytes par cartouche
Reference number
B C
ISO/IEC 15898:1998(E)

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ISO/IEC 15898:1998(E)
Contents
Section 1 - General 1
1 Scope 1
2 Conformance 1
2.1 Optical disk cartridge 1
2.2 Generating system 1
2.3 Receiving system 1
2.4 Compatibility statement 1
3 Normative references 1
4 Definitions 2
4.1 actual write power 2
4.2 air sandwich disk 2
4.3 band 2
4.4 baseline reflectance 2
4.5 birefringence 2
4.6 case
4.7 clamping zone 2
4.8 cover sheet 2
4.9 cross-talk level 2
4.10 cyclic redundancy check (CRC) 2
4.11 defect management 2
4.12 disk reference plane 2
4.13 entrance surface 2
4.14 error correction code (ECC) 2
4.15 error detection and correction (EDAC) 2
4.16 format 2
4.17 hub 2
4.18 interleaving 2
4.19 mark 2
4.20 mark edge 2
4.21 mark edge recording 2
4.22 narrow band signal-to-noise ratio 2
4.23 noise floor 2
4.24 optical disk 2
4.25 optical disk carrier 3
4.26 optical disk cartridge (ODC) 3
4.27 optical retardation 3
4.28 perimeter ring 3
4.29 pre-formatted mark 3
©  ISO/IEC 1998
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm,
without permission in writing from the publisher.
ISO/IEC Copyright Office • Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 15898:1998 (E)
4.30 protective layer 3
4.31 read power 3
4.32 recording layer 3
4.33 Reed-Solomon code 3
4.34 spindle 3
4.35 tilt 3
4.36 track 3
4.37 track pitch 3
4.38 write power 3
4.39 zone 3
5 Conventions and notations 3
5.1 Representation of numbers 3
5.2 Names 3
6 List of acronyms 4
7 General description of the optical disk cartridge 4
8 General requirements 6
8.1 Environments 6
8.1.1 Test environment 6
8.1.2 Operating environment 6
8.1.3 Storage environment 6
8.1.4 Transportation 7
8.2 Temperature shock 7
8.3 Safety requirements 7
8.4 Flammability 7
9 Reference Drive 7
9.1 Optical system 7
9.2 Read conditions 9
9.3 Write conditions 9
9.4 Tracking 9
9.5 Rotation of the disk 9
Section 2 - Mechanical and physical characteristics 9
10 Dimensional and mechanical characteristics of the case 9
10.1 General 9
10.2 Case drawings 9
10.3 Relationship of sides and interface with carrier 10
10.3.1 Relationship of sides 10
10.3.2 Interface with carrier 10
10.3.3 Write protect features 10
10.4 Materials 10
10.5 Mass 10
10.6 Case dimensions 10
10.6.1 Overall dimensions of the case 10
10.6.2 Opening force of the case door 10
10.6.3 Location of the case window 10
10.6.4 Case write protect tabs 11
10.6.5 Case autoload drive surfaces 11
11 Dimensional and mechanical characteristics of the carrier 17
11.1 General 17
11.2 Carrier drawings 17
11.3 Sides, reference axes and reference planes 17
11.3.1 Relationship between Side A and Side B 17
11.3.2 Reference axes and reference features 18
iii

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ISO/IEC 15898:1998 (E)     ISO/IEC
11.4 Materials 18
11.5 Mass 18
11.6 Location of the optical disk centre in the carrier 18
11.7 Overall dimensions of the carrier 18
11.8 Cutouts 18
11.9 Carrier latch points and latch actuation force 19
11.10 Carrier guide rails and carrier thickness 19
11.11 Carrier write protect hole 20
11.12 25 Gbyte capacity sensor hole 20
11.13 Carrier Side A or Side B sensor hole 20
11.14 Carrier disk type sensor notches 20
11.15 Carrier location within the case 21
11.16 Carrier locator pin slot characteristics and location within the case 21
11.17 Carrier latch point location when the carrier is inside the case 21
11.18 Carrier latch release hole locations 22
11.19 Carrier latch release hole locations for unlatched carrier 22
11.20 Location of carrier locator pin slots 22
11.21 Carrier label location 22
11.22 Carrier label 23
11.23 Carrier label characteristics 23
12 Dimensional and physical characteristics of the disk 34
12.1 General 34
12.1.1 Protective layer 34
12.1.2 Unobstructed access 34
12.2 Disk drawings 34
12.3 Sides, reference axes, reference plane 34
12.3.1 Relationship of Sides A and B 34
12.3.2 Reference axes and reference planes 34
12.4 Dimensions of the disk 34
12.4.1 Outer diameter 34
12.4.2 Outer diameter of the recording zone 34
12.4.3 Inner diameter of the recording zone 34
12.4.4 Outer diameter of the clamping zone 35
12.4.5 Inner diameter of the clamping zone 35
12.4.6 Centre hole diameter of the optical disk 35
12.4.7 Centre hole roundness 35
12.4.8 Location of the recording surface 35
12.4.9 Thickness of the clamping zone 35
12.4.10 Inner diameter of the chamfer 35
12.4.11 Inner diameter chamfer angle 35
12.4.12 Outer diameter of the chamfer 35
12.4.13 Chamfer angle of the outer diameter 35
12.4.14 Dimensional characteristics of the protective layer 35
12.5 Mass 36
12.6 Moment of inertia 36
12.7 Imbalance 36
12.8 Apparent axial runout 36
12.9 Residual focus error 36
13 Handling requirements 36
13.1 Drop test 36
13.2 Dead weight strength 36
14 Interface between disk and drive 36
14.1 Clamping technique 36
14.2 Radial positioning 36
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 15898:1998 (E)
14.3 Reference surface 36
14.4 Clamping force 37
15 Characteristics of the protective layer 40
15.1 Index of refraction 40
15.2 Thickness 40
15.3 Optical characteristics 40
15.4 Tilt 40
16 Characteristics of the recording layer 40
16.1 Conformance tests 40
16.2 Baseline reflectance 40
16.2.1 General 40
16.2.2 Actual value 40
16.2.3 Requirement 40
16.3 Write power requirement 40
16.4 Read power requirement 40
16.5 Prerecorded marks 40
16.6 Data written in user area 40
16.6.1 Reflectivity characteristics of written marks 40
16.6.2 Signals 40
16.6.3 Narrow-band signal-to-noise ratio 41
16.6.4 Cross-talk 41
Section 3 - Format of information 41
17 General description 42
18 Band organization 42
18.1 Number of bands on each side of the disk 42
18.2 Band numbers 42
18.3 Recordable area in each band 42
19 Track geometry in each band 44
19.1 Track shape 44
19.2 Direction of track spiral and disk rotation 44
19.3 Track pitch 44
19.4 Radial eccentricity of pre-formatted information 44
20 Track format 46
20.1 Pre-formatted physical track in-track bit spacing 46
20.2 Pre-formatted physical track layout 46
20.2.1 Track layout 46
20.2.2 Tracking 46
20.2.3 Tracking pads 46
20.2.4 Tracking pad tolerances 46
20.2.5 Tracking push-pull ratio 46
20.3 Rotational velocity 47
20.4 Focus 47
20.5 Number of sectors in each band 47
21 Sector format 47
21.1 Organization of the sectors in each band 47
21.2 Organization of the usable sectors 51
21.3 User sector organization 56
21.4 Lead-in and OD manufacturing test sectors 56
21.5 Manufacturing control sector 56
21.6 Disk identification sector(s) 56
21.7 Primary Defect List sectors 62
21.8 Supplemental and configuration sectors 66
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ISO/IEC 15898:1998 (E)     ISO/IEC
21.9 OD write power calibration sectors 66
21.10 Automatic rewrite sectors 66
21.11 User sector format for 14,8 Gbytes capacity 66
21.11.1 Pre-formatted user sector header 68
21.11.2 User data field preamble and pre-formatted tracking pad 70
21.11.3 Pre-formatted tracking pads 70
21.11.4 User data field 70
21.11.5 Error detection and correction (EDAC) 70
21.11.6 Interface sector gap 70
21.12 User sector format for 25 Gbyte capacity 70
21.12.1 Pre-formatted User sector header 72
21.12.2 User data field preamble 73
21.12.3 Pre-formatted tracking pads 73
21.12.4 User data field 74
21.11.5 Error detection and correction (EDAC) 74
21.12.6 Guard byte 74
21.12.7 Interface sector gap 74
21.13 Sectors following the user sectors in each band 74
21.13.1 Allowance for the maximum number of bad sectors in the PDL 74
21.13.2 ID write power calibration sectors 74
21.13.3 ID manufacturing test sectors 74
21.13.4 Spin out tracking sectors 74
22 Coding method 74
22.1 Coding method for 14,8 Gbyte capacity 74
22.2 Coding method for 25 Gbyte capacity 74
23 Defect management 75
23.1 Defect management description 75
23.2 Initialization of the disk 75
23.3 Certification 75
23.4 Slipping algorithm 76
23.5 Write procedure 76
23.6 Primary defect list 76
23.7 Secondary Defect List (SDL) 77
23.8 Grown Defect List (GDL) 77
23.9 Sector Retirement Guidelines 78
24 Recorded characteristics 79
25 Error detection and correction (EDAC) 79
25.1 EDAC field 79
25.2 EDAC type 80
26 Data interchange requirements 80
26.1 Requirements for reading 80
26.2 Requirements for writing 80
Annexes
A - Definition of air cleanliness of class 100 000 81
B - Residual tracking error signal test method 82
C - Mechanical test method 83
D - Imbalance test method 85
E - Apparent axial runout test method 86
F - Residual focus error test method 87
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 15898:1998 (E)
G - Drop test method 90
H - Dead weight strength test method 91
J - Double-pass retardation test method 92
K - Signal characteristics test method 95
L - Optical disk write power test method 97
M - Read power test method 99
N - Narrow-band signal-to-noise ratio test method 100
P - Cross-talk test method 101
Q - Radial runout test method 102
R - Recommendation for transportation 104
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ISO/IEC 15898:1998 (E)     ISO/IEC
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the
specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the
development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with
particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other
international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. Draft
International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO/IEC 15898 was prepared by ECMA (as ECMA-260) and was adopted, under a special “fast-track
procedure”, by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with its approval of national
bodies of ISO and IEC.
Annexes A to Q form an integral part of this International Standard. Annex R is for information only.
.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD  ©ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 15898:1998(E)
Information technology — Data interchange on 356 mm optical disk cartridges —
WORM, using phase change technology — Capacity: 14,8 Gbytes and 25 Gbytes per
cartridge
Section 1 - General
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the characteristics of 356 mm Optical Disk Cartridges (ODCs) of the type providing for
information to be written once and read many times.
This International Standard specifies:
− definitions of essential concepts,
− the environment in which the characteristics shall be tested,
− the environments in which the cartridge shall be operated and stored,
− the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the case and of the optical disk,
the optical characteristics and the recording characteristics for recording the information once and for reading it many

times, so as to provide physical interchangeability between data processing systems.
− the format for the physical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the error correction codes, the modulation methods used
for recording and the quality of the recorded signals.
Together with a standard for volume and file structure, this International Standard provides for full data interchange between
data processing systems.
2 Conformance
2.1 Optical disk cartridge
An optical disk cartridge shall be in conformance with this International Standard if it meets all the mandatory requirements
herein.
2.2 Generating system
A manufacturer of a system generating an ODC for interchange shall be in conformance with this International Standard if the
ODC it generates is in accordance with 2.1.
2.3 Receiving system
A manufacturer of a system receiving an ODC for interchange shall be entitled to claim conformance with this International
Standard if it is able to handle an ODC according to 2.1.
2.4 Compatibility statement
A claim of conformance by a generating or receiving system with this International Standard shall include a statement listing
any other ECMA or International Optical Disk Cartridge Standard(s) supported. This statement shall specify the number of the
standard(s) and whether support includes reading or both reading and writing.
3 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International
Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to
agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent
editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International
Standards.
ISO/IEC 646:1991, Information technology — ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange.
IEC 950:1991, Safety of information technology equipment.
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ISO/IEC 15898:1998 (E)     ISO/IEC
4 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply.
4.1 actual write power: The actual write power is two times the recording beam power exiting the objective lens for a
time averaged measurement of 50 % duty cycle optical pulses where the pulse length is measured at one half the peak
power.
4.2 air sandwich disk: A disk which consists at least of a substrate with a recording layer and a cover separated by two
annular spaces providing an enclosed air gap for the recording layer.
4.3 band: An annular area of the optical disk recording zone.
4.4 baseline reflectance: The reflectance of an unwritten, non-grooved area of a disk through the protective layer.
4.5 birefringence: The property of a material which causes incident light waves of different polarizations to be
refracted differently by the material.
4.6 case: An enclosure which protects the optical disk and carrier from contamination and damage due to physical
handling. The case may include space for physical labelling, write-inhibit features and provisions for automatic
handling to facilitate disk interchange.
4.7 clamping zone: The annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device.
4.8 cover sheet: A transparent covering placed at a pre-determined distance from the recording surface to protect the
optical disk from surface contamination and to cause surface contaminants to be out of focus.
4.9 cross-talk level: The ratio of the level of a spurious signal generated by an adjacent track to the level of the signal
of that track.
4.10 cyclic redundancy check (CRC): A method to detect errors in data.
4.11 defect management: In real time, refers to automated programs for altering read or write power, focus or tracking
when difficulties are detected, and for the decision to abandon sectors of high error content. In batch mode, refers to
guidelines for disk rewrite or retirement.
Note - Disk retirement is retention of a disk which can be read but not written.
4.12 disk reference plane: A plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle which contacts the
clamping zone of the disk and which is normal to the axis of rotation.
4.13 entrance surface: The disk surface onto which the optical beam first impinges.
4.14 error correction code (ECC): An error-detecting code designed to correct certain kinds of errors in data.
4.15 error detection and correction (EDAC): A family of methods in which redundancy is added to data in known
fashion and is written with the data. Upon readback, a decoder removes the redundancy and uses the redundant
information to detect and correct erroneous channel symbols.
4.16 format: The arrangement or layout of the data on a data medium.
The central feature on the disk which interacts with the spindle of the disk drive to provide radial centring and
4.17 hub:
clamping force and, in some cases, axial location.
4.18 interleaving: The process of allocating the physical sequence of units of data to render the data more immune to
burst errors.
4.19 mark: A feature of the recording layer that may take the form of an amorphous spot, crystalline spot, a pit, or other
form that can be sensed by the optical system. The pattern of marks represents the data on the disk.
4.20 mark edge: The transition between a region with a mark and one without a mark or vice versa, along a track.
4.21 mark edge recording: A recording method which uses a mark edge to represent a channel bit.
4.22 narrow band signal-to-noise ratio: The ratio of the root mean square (RMS) voltage of a signal at a specified
frequency to the RMS voltage of the noise in a specified bandwidth, expressed in decibels.
4.23 noise floor: The noise spectrum in a specified bandwidth.
4.24 optical disk: A disk containing information in the form of marks in a recording layer that can be read with an optical
beam.
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ISO/IEC  ISO/IEC 15898:1998 (E)
4.25 optical disk carrier: A framework which captures and holds an optical disk except when the optical disk is
mounted on the disk drive spindle. The carrier provides the interface with the equipment for handling of an optical
disk. The carrier and the optical disk are permanently mated and as a sub-assembly interchangeable with any case,
disk drive or library equipment.
4.26 optical disk cartridge (ODC): A device consisting of a case containing an optical disk and carrier.
4.27 optical retardation: The change, after passage through a birefringent material, of the phase between two
orthogonally, linearly polarized plane waves associated with a given propagation direction.
4.28 perimeter ring: An outside diameter feature of the optical disk to provide an interface to the carrier and to handling
devices of an optical disk drive.
4.29 pre-formatted mark: A mark written by the manufacturer for use by the optical disk drive.
4.30 protective layer: A transparent layer on the disk provided for mechanical protection of the recording layer, through
which the optical beam accesses the recording layer.
4.31 read power: The incident power specified at the entrance surface that can be used to read the data on the disk
without damaging the recording layer.
4.32 recording layer: A layer of the disk on or in which data is written during manufacture and/or use.
4.33 Reed-Solomon code: An error detection and/or correction code which is particularly suited to the correction of
errors which occur in bursts or are strongly correlated.
4.34 spindle: The part of the disk drive which contacts the disk and/or the hub.
4.35 tilt: The angle which the normal to the entrance surface makes with the normal to the disk reference plane.
4.36 track: A 360 ° segment of the path which is to be followed by the read beam during reading or the write beam during
writing.
4.37 track pitch: The distance between adjacent track centrelines measured in a radial direction.
4.38 write power: The incident power specified at the entrance surface used to produce marks.
4.39 zone: An annular area of the disk.
5 Conventions and notations
Bits and bytes mean data bits and bytes unless otherwise specified.
5.1 Representation of numbers
The following conventions apply to numbers:
− A measured value is rounded off to the least significant digit of the corresponding value. It implies that a specified value of
1,26 with a positive tolerance of + 0,01, and a negative tolerance of -0,02 allows a range of measured values from 1,235 to
1,275. A value ≥ 0,015 is rounded up to 0,02 and a value < 0,015 is rounded down to 0,01.
− Letters and digits in parentheses represent numbers in hexadecimal notation.
− The setting of a bit is denoted by ZERO or ONE.
− Numbers in binary notation and bit combinations are represented by strings of digits 0 and 1.
− Numbers in binary notation and bit combinations are shown with the most significant bit to the left.
− Negative values of numbers in binary notation are given in TWO's complement.
− In the sector headers, character data are recorded according to the IRV of ISO/IEC 646.
− All other data are stored as binary integers.
− Multiple-byte binary data are stored least significant byte first.
5.2 Names
The names of entities, for example, specific tracks, fields, etc., are given with a capital initial.
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ISO/IEC 15898:1998 (E)     ISO/IEC
6 List of acronyms
AM Address mark
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Code
DCF Data Control Field
DMA Defect Management Area
DM-M Delay Modulation Mark
EDAC Error Detection and Correction
ECC Error Correction Code
GDL Grown Defect List
ID Inside diameter
IDENT Identification
LSB Least Significant Byte
MSB Most Significant Byte
NRZ Non Return to Zero
OD Outside diameter
ODC Optical Disk Cartridge
PAD Tracking pad
PDL Primary Defect List
RA Reallocation Area
RLL Run length limited (code)
RPM Revolutions per minute
R-S/LDC Reed-Solomon long distance code
SDL Secondary Defect List
VFO Variable frequency oscillator
7 General description of the optical disk cartridge
The optical disk cartridge which is the subject of this International Standard consists of a case containing an optical disk and
carrier sub-assembly.
The case provides protection from contaminants and during human handling. The case has an access door for automatic unload
and load of the carrier and the disk.
The carrier supports and retains the disk during loading into the drive or unloading from it, and while being moved by an
automated library storage device.
The optical disk is recordable on both sides. Data is written onto the disk as marks in the form of crystalline spots in the
amorphous recording layer with a focused optical beam, using the phase-change effect between crystalline and amorphous
states. The composition of the recording layer is such that the marks cannot be erased or transformed back into an unrecorded
state. The data can be read with a focused optical beam, using the phase-change effect as the reflective difference between
amorphous and crystalline states. The beam accesses the recording layer through a thin transparent protective layer (cover
sheet) on the disk surface.
4

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ISO/IEC  ISO/IEC 15898:1998 (E)
Figure 1 - Optical disk cartridge
5

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ISO/IEC 15898:1998 (E)     ISO/IEC
8 General requirements
8.1 Environments
8.1.1 Test environment
Unless otherwise specified, tests and measurements made on the ODC to check the requirements of this International Standard
shall be carried out in an environment where the air immediately surrounding the ODC is within the following conditions.
temperature : 23 °C ± 2 °C
relative humidity : 45 % to 55 %
atmospheric pressure : 75 kPa to 110 kPa
air cleanliness : Class 100 000 (see annex A)
conditioning before testing : 48 h min.
Before testing, the ODC shall be conditioned in this environment for 48 h minimum. No condensation on or in the ODC shall
occur.
8.1.2 Operating environment
Optical disk cartridges used for data interchange shall be operated in an environment where the air immediately surrounding
the optical disk and carrier is within the following conditions when the drive has reached its stable operating conditions.
temperature : 10 °C to 50 °C
relative humidity : 10 % to 80 %
wet bulb temperature : 29 °C max.
atmospheric pressure : 75 kPa to 110 kPa
temperature gradient : 10 °C / h max.
relative humidity gradient : 10 % / h max.
air cleanliness : Class 100 000 (see annex A)
No condensation on or in the ODC shall be allowed to occur.
If an ODC has been exposed during storage and/or transportation to conditions outside those specified above, it shall be
acclimatized in the operating environment for at least 2 h before use.
8.1.3 Storage environment
Storage environment is the ambient condition to which the ODC, without any additional protective enclosure, is exposed when
stored.
8.1.3.1 Short-term storage
For a time of six consecutive weeks the optical disk cartridge within its specified shipping package shall not be exposed to the
environmental conditions outside those given below.
temperature : -20 °C to +55 °C
relative humidity : 5 % to 90 %
wet bulb temperature : 29 °C max.
atmospheric pressure : 75 kPa to 110 kPa
temperature gradient : 20 °C / h max.
relative humidity gradient : 20 % / h max.
No condensation on or in the optical disk assembly shall be allowed to occur.
8.1.3.2 Long-term storage
For a storage period longer than six consecutive weeks the optical disk cartridge shall not be exposed to environmental
conditions outside those given below.
temperature : -10 °C to 50 °C
relative humidity : 10 % to 90 %
wet bulb temperature : 29 °C max.
atmospheric pressure : 75 kPa to 110 kPa
temperature gradient : 15 °C / h max.
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ISO/IEC  ISO/IEC 15898:1998 (E)
relative humidity gradient : 10 % / h max.
air cleanliness : Class 100 000 (see annex A)
No condensation on or in the optical disk cartridge shall be allowed to occur.
8.1.4 Transportation
This International Standard does not specify requirements for transportation but guidance is given in annex R.
8.2 Temperature shock
In the operating environment an ODC shall be capable of withstanding a thermal shock of up to 20 °C when inserted into, or
removed from, the drive.
8.3 Safety requirements
The cartridge shall satisfy the safety requirements of Standard IEC 950 and its components shall not constitute any safety or
health hazard when used in its intended manner or in any foreseeable use in an information processing system.
8.4 Flammability
The cartridge and its components shall be made from materials that comply with the flammability class for HB materials, or
better, as specified in Standard IEC 950.
9 Reference Drive
The Reference Drive is a drive for which several critical components have well defined properties and which is used to test
write and read parameters of the disk for conformance to this International Standard.
9.1 Optical system
The basic set-up of the optical system of the Reference Drive used for measuring the write and read parameters is shown in
figure 2. Different components and locations of components are permitted, provided that the performance remains the same as
that of the setup in figure 2. The optical system shall be such that the detected light reflected from the entrance surface of the
disk is minimized so as not to influence the accuracy of the measurements.
a) Write and read wavelength : 680 nm ± 10 nm
b) Numerical aperture (NA) : 0,50 ± 0,01
c) Focused spot size in each dimension : 0,75 μm ± 0,04 μm
d) Wave front at recording layer : ≤ 0,045 rms
(through 90 μm thick coversheet)
and coma3 : ≤  0,10   rms
and astig3 : ≤  0,13   rms
and spher3 : ≤  0,10   rms
where:
coma3 = third order coma aberration
astig3 = third order astigmatism aberration
spher3 = third order spherical aberration
e) Polarization of the light: circular
f) Detection method:
- Reflected light collected by central aperture method
- Transitions detected by gated second derivative method
g) The data rate for testing shall be 30 Mega channel bits per second.
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ISO/IEC 15898:1998 (E)     ISO/IEC
Figure 2 - Optical system of the Reference Drive
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ISO/IEC  ISO/IEC 15898:1998 (E)
9.2 Read conditions
Marks on the disk shall be read from the disk with a constant optical power. The read power shall be = 1,0 mW.
9.3 Write conditions
Marks are written on the disk by pulses of optical power superimposed upon the read power. The pulse shape shall be as
specified in annex L.
The write power is the optical power incident at the entrance surface when writing in the user area.
The write power shall be determined according to annex L.
The test patterns to be written shall be as specified in annex L.
9.4 Tracking
The tracking channel of the drive provides the tracking error signals to control the servos for the radial tracking of the optical
beam.
9.5 Rotation of the disk
The direction of rotation shall be counterclockwise for side A and clockwise for side B as seen from the optical head of the
disk drive.
Section 2 - Mechanical and physical characteristics
10 Dimensional and mechanical characteristics of the case
10.1 General (figures 1, 3, 4, and 9)
The case contains the 356 mm optical disk which is captured within the carrier. The case provides the optical disk and carrier
sub-assembly protection from contaminants and during human handling. (see figure 1)
The case shall enclose the carrier and optica
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