ISO 25131:2025

Hardware for furniture — Strength and durability of hinges and their components — Stays and hinges pivoting on a horizontal axis

This document specifies test methods and test parameters for the strength and durability of all hinges, stays and systems, which include stays and hinges pivoting on a horizontal axis and their components for all fields of application. It does not apply to systems intended for storage functions. With the exception of corrosion, ageing and the influence of heat and humidity are not included.

Quincaillerie d'ameublement - Résistance mécanique et endurance des charnières pivotant sur un axe horizontal et de leurs composants

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 22-Sep-2025
• ICS: 97.140 - Furniture
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 136 - Furniture
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 136/WG 9 - Hardware for furniture – Methods of test
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 23-Sep-2025
• Due Date: 21-May-2027
• Completion Date: 23-Sep-2025

Standards Content (Sample)

International
Standard
ISO 25131
First edition
Hardware for furniture — Strength
2025-09
and durability of hinges and their
components — Stays and hinges
pivoting on a horizontal axis
Quincaillerie d'ameublement - Résistance mécanique et
endurance des charnières pivotant sur un axe horizontal et de
leurs composants
Reference number
© ISO 2025
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or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
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Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 General test conditions . 2
4.1 Preliminary preparation .2
4.2 Test equipment .2
4.3 Application of forces .2
4.4 Tolerances .3
4.5 Sequence of testing .3
4.6 Inspection and assessment of results .3
5 Test apparatus . 3
6 Test procedures and requirements . 5
6.1 General .5
6.2 Overload tests . .5
6.2.1 Vertical downwards static overload .5
6.2.2 Horizontal sideways static overload.6
6.2.3 Slam test.7
6.3 Functional tests .9
6.3.1 General .9
6.3.2 Operating forces .9
6.3.3 First vertical downwards static load for top hinged flaps .10
6.3.4 First horizontal sideways static load .10
6.3.5 Determination of reference points for the flap sagging .11
6.3.6 Durability .11
6.3.7 Sagging . 12
6.3.8 Second vertical downwards static load . 12
6.3.9 Second horizontal sideways static load . 12
6.3.10 Operating forces . 13
6.3.11 Slam test. 13
6.4 Corrosion resistance .14
7 Test report . 14
Annex A (normative) Product information system .15
Annex B (normative) Test parameters .16
Bibliography .18

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
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related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 136, Furniture.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
This document provides furniture manufacturers, designers and developers with comparable information
regarding the performance of all types of hinges pivoting on a horizontal axis and their components.
The tests consist of the application of loads, forces and velocities simulating normal functional use, as well
as misuse, that can reasonably be expected to occur.
With the exception of the corrosion test in 6.4, the tests are designed to evaluate properties without regard
to materials, design/construction or manufacturing processes.
The strength and durability tests only relate to the hinges pivoting on a horizontal axis and the parts used
for the attachment (e.g. mounting plates, screws).
The strength and durability tests are carried out in a test frame with specified properties. The test results
can only be used as a guide to the performance of a piece of furniture.
The test results are only valid for the hinges tested. These results may be used to represent the performance
of production models provided that the tested model is representative of the production model.
Annex A provides requirements for product information.
Annex B provides loads and cycles.

v
International Standard ISO 25131:2025(en)
Hardware for furniture — Strength and durability of hinges
and their components — Stays and hinges pivoting on a
horizontal axis
1 Scope
This document specifies test methods and test parameters for the strength and durability of all hinges, stays
and systems, which include stays and hinges pivoting on a horizontal axis and their components for all fields
of application.
It does not apply to systems intended for storage functions.
With the exception of corrosion, ageing and the influence of heat and humidity are not included.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 9427, Wood-based panels — Determination of density
ISO 6270-2, Paints and varnishes — Determination of resistance to humidity — Part 2: Condensation (in-cabinet
exposure with heated water reservoir)
ISO 10289, Methods for corrosion testing of metallic and other inorganic coatings on metallic substrates —
Rating of test specimens and manufactured articles subjected to corrosion tests
EN 320, Particleboards and fibreboards — Determination of resistance to axial withdrawal of screws
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
catch device
device which keeps or pulls a flap in place, but does not require a second action in order to release it
EXAMPLE A magnetic catch, a self-closing or self-opening mechanism.
3.2
top hinged flap
flap which opens upwards and which consists of one or more parts
3.3
bottom hinged flap
flap which opens downwards and which consists of one or more parts

3.4
damper
mechanism which gently stops the movement of a flap
3.5
stay
active or passive mechanism which can hold and guide a front, and which may include a braking/opening
mechanism and/or a hinge (3.6)
3.6
hinge
active or passive mechanism that is pivoting on a horizontal axis which can hold and guide a front, and
which may include a braking/opening mechanism and/or a stay (3.5)
4 General test conditions
4.1 Preliminary preparation
The hinges/stays shall be assembled/mounted/adjusted according to the instructions supplied with them.
If mounting, assembly or adjustment instructions are not supplied, the most adverse configuration shall be
used, and the mounting or assembly method shall be recorded in the test report. Fittings shall be tightened
before testing and shall not be re-tightened unless specifically required in the manufacturer’s instructions. If
the configuration is to be changed to produce the worst-case conditions, this shall be recorded in the test report.
The tests shall be carried out in indoor ambient conditions at a temperature between 15 °C and 27 °C. If
during a test the temperature is outside of the range of 15 °C to 27 °C, the maximum and/or minimum
temperature shall be recorded in the test report.
Hinges which include structural hardware parts made of hygroscopic plastic materials (e.g. polyamide) shall
be conditioned at (23 ± 2) °C and a relative humidity of (50 ± 5) % for seven days before testing.
[1]
NOTE For accelerating the conditioning process, ISO 1110 can be used.
In the case of designs not addressed in the test procedures, the tests shall be carried out as far as possible as
described, and deviations from the test procedure shall be recorded in the test report.
Before beginning the testing, visually inspect the hinges and components thoroughly. Record any defects so
that they are not assumed to have been caused by the tests. Carry out measurements if specified.
4.2 Test equipment
Unless otherwise specified, the tests may be applied by any suitable device, because results are not
dependent upon the apparatus.
The equipment shall not inhibit deflection of the test flap, i.e. it shall be able to move so that it will allow the
deflection of the test flap during testing.
4.3 Application of forces
The forces in the static load tests shall be applied sufficiently slowly to ensure that negligible dynamic force
is applied. Unless otherwise specified, each force shall be maintained for not less than 10 s and not more
than 15 s.
The forces in durability tests shall be applied at a rate to ensure that excessive heating does not occur.
The forces may be replaced by masses. The relation 10 N = 1 kg shall be used for this purpose.

4.4 Tolerances
Unless otherwise stated, the following tolerances are applicable:
— Forces: ± 5 % of the nominal force.
— Velocities: ± 5 % of the nominal velocity.
— Masses: ± 1 % of the nominal mass.
— Dimensions: ± 1 mm of the nominal dimension.
— Angles: ± 2° of the nominal angle.
The accuracy for the positioning of forces shall be ± 5 mm.
NOTE For the purposes of uncertainty of test, test results are not considered to be adversely affected when the
above tolerances are met.
4.5 Sequence of testing
The tests shall be carried out in the same sequence as the clauses are numbered in this document. If the
clause sequence is not followed, the sequence shall be recorded in the test report.
4.6 Inspection and assessment of results
Before and after completion of each test, carry out the inspection as specified, after removing any loads and
after using adjustment devices, if available.
Record any changes that have taken place since the initial inspection.
The inspection shall include at least the following:
a) the fracture of any component or joint;
b) the loosening of any joint intended to be rigid, which can be demonstrated by hand pressure;
c) the deformation or wear of any part or component such that its functioning is impaired;
d) the loosening of any means of fixing components;
e) any impaired function of a component or part.
5 Test apparatus
5.1 Masses.
Masses shall be designed so that they do not reinforce the structure or re-distribute the stresses.
5.2 Test frame.
The tests specified in 6.2 and 6.3 shall be carried out in a test frame (see Figures 1 and 2), which is so
constructed that the deformation of the test frame under the applied load is no more than 1 mm.
Hinges and stays for wooden flaps shall be mounted on particle board (5.3) unless otherwise specified.
Hinges and stays for other materials (e.g. glass, metal, plastic) shall be mounted according to the
manufacturer’s instructions.
The position of hinges, stays and components on the flap and the test frame as well as the size and mass of
the flap shall be as specified by the manufacturer, see Annex A.

In cases where the flap parameters (e.g. height, width, mass) are not specified by the manufacturer, the tests
may be carried out using the standard flap sizes specified in Table B.1 (A, B, C or D).
Key
1 test flap
2 test side
3 test top
4 test bottom
5 test frame
6 additional mass
Figure 1 — Test frame — Top hinged flap
Key
1 test flap
2 test side
3 test top
4 test bottom
5 test fra
...