ISO/IEC 23009-8:2025
(Main)Information technology — Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) — Part 8: Session-based DASH operations
Information technology — Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) — Part 8: Session-based DASH operations
This document specifies the format of the Session-Based Description document and the media presentation description's (MPD) extension to be used in session-based operations with ISO/IEC 23009-1 (MPEG DASH).
Technologies de l'information — Diffusion adaptative dynamique sur HTTP (DASH) — Partie 8: Opérations de DASH basées sur la session
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International
Standard
ISO/IEC 23009-8
Second edition
Information technology — Dynamic
2025-08
adaptive streaming over HTTP
(DASH) —
Part 8:
Session-based DASH operations
Technologies de l'information — Diffusion adaptative dynamique
sur HTTP (DASH) —
Partie 8: Opérations de DASH basées sur la session
Reference number
© ISO/IEC 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviated terms and notations . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions .1
3.2 Abbreviated terms .2
3.3 Notation .2
4 General overview . 3
4.1 Sessions and session parameters.3
4.2 General architecture .3
4.3 Timeline and orderline addressing .4
5 MPD signalling for SBD . . 5
5.1 General .5
5.2 SBD descriptor .5
5.2.1 General .5
5.2.2 Semantics .5
5.2.3 XML schema .8
6 SBD document format . 8
6.1 Overview .8
6.2 KeyValue Object .9
6.2.1 Semantics .9
6.2.2 JSON schema .11
7 Client operation .11
7.1 Normative requirements .11
7.2 Processing model . 12
7.2.1 Building SBD timeline/orderline table . 12
7.2.2 Parameter value derivation . 12
7.2.3 Segment request . 12
8 Examples .13
8.1 General . 13
8.2 MPD . . 13
8.3 Session-based description document . 13
8.3.1 Example 1: Timeline . 13
8.3.2 Example 2: Orderline .14
8.4 Operation .14
9 Example applications . 14
9.1 Forensic watermarking .14
Annex A (normative) SBD MIME type .16
Bibliography . 17
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity.
ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/
IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives or www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs).
ISO and IEC draw attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the
use of (a) patent(s). ISO and IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any
claimed patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO and IEC had not
received notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers
are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents and https://patents.iec.ch. ISO and IEC shall not be held
responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
In the IEC, see www.iec.ch/understanding-standards.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 29, Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 23009-8:2022), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— URL customization and other extensions.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 23090 series can be found on the ISO and IEC websites.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards
body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html and
www.iec.ch/national-committees.
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
iv
Introduction
Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) enables media-streaming model for delivery of media
content in which control lies exclusively with the client. Clients may request data using the HTTP protocol
from standard web servers that have no DASH-specific capabilities. Consequently, the ISO/IEC 23009
series focuses not on client or server procedures but on the data formats used to provide a DASH Media
Presentation.
This document provides methods, interfaces and data for session-based operations to be used with the
DASH standard. Session-based operations allows customization of requested segment URLs based on the
information provided for a specific streaming session.
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
v
International Standard ISO/IEC 23009-8:2025(en)
Information technology — Dynamic adaptive streaming over
HTTP (DASH) —
Part 8:
Session-based DASH operations
1 Scope
This document specifies the format of the Session-Based Description document and the media presentation
description's (MPD) extension to be used in session-based operations with ISO/IEC 23009-1 (MPEG DASH).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 23009-1, Information technology — Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) Part 1: Media
presentation description and segment formats
IETF RFC 3986, Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax
IETF RFC 8259, The JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Data Interchange Format
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviated terms and notations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at htt
...
FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/IEC
FDIS
23009-8
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29
Information technology — Dynamic
Secretariat: JISC
adaptive streaming over HTTP
Voting begins on:
(DASH) —
2025-05-13
Part 8:
Voting terminates on:
2025-07-08
Session-based DASH operations
Technologies de l'information — Diffusion adaptative dynamique
sur HTTP (DASH) —
Partie 8: Opérations de DASH basées sur la session
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
ISO/IEC FDIS 230098:2025(en) © ISO/IEC 2025
FINAL DRAFT
ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8:2025(en)
International
Standard
ISO/IEC
FDIS
23009-8
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29
Information technology — Dynamic
Secretariat: JISC
adaptive streaming over HTTP
Voting begins on:
(DASH) —
Part 8:
Voting terminates on:
Session-based DASH operations
Technologies de l'information — Diffusion adaptative dynamique
sur HTTP (DASH) —
Partie 8: Opérations de DASH basées sur la session
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO/IEC 2025
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/IEC FDIS 230098:2025(en) © ISO/IEC 2025
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
ii
ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviated terms and notations . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions .1
3.2 Abbreviated terms .2
3.3 Notation .2
4 General overview . 3
4.1 Sessions and session parameters.3
4.2 General architecture .3
4.3 Timeline and orderline addressing .4
5 MPD signalling for SBD . . 5
5.1 General .5
5.2 SBD descriptor .5
5.2.1 General .5
5.2.2 Semantics .5
5.2.3 XML schema .8
6 SBD document format . 8
6.1 Overview .8
6.2 KeyValue Object .9
6.2.1 Semantics .9
6.2.2 JSON schema .11
7 Client operation .11
7.1 Normative requirements .11
7.2 Processing model . 12
7.2.1 Building SBD timeline/orderline table . 12
7.2.2 Parameter value derivation . 12
7.2.3 Segment request . 12
8 Examples .13
8.1 General . 13
8.2 MPD . . 13
8.3 Session-based description document . 13
8.3.1 Example 1: Timeline . 13
8.3.2 Example 2: Orderline . 13
8.4 Operation .14
9 Example applications . 14
9.1 Forensic watermarking .14
Annex A (normative) SBD MIME type .16
Bibliography . 17
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
iii
ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8:2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity.
ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/
IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives or www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs).
ISO and IEC draw attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the
use of (a) patent(s). ISO and IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any
claimed patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO and IEC had not
received notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers
are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents and https://patents.iec.ch. ISO and IEC shall not be held
responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
In the IEC, see www.iec.ch/understanding-standards.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 29, Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 23009-8:2022), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— URL customization and other extensions.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 23090 series can be found on the ISO and IEC websites.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards
body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html and
www.iec.ch/national-committees.
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
iv
ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8:2025(en)
Introduction
Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) enables media-streaming model for delivery of media
content in which control lies exclusively with the client. Clients may request data using the HTTP protocol
from standard web servers that have no DASH-specific capabilities. Consequently, the ISO/IEC 23009
series focuses not on client or server procedures but on the data formats used to provide a DASH Media
Presentation.
This document provide
...
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 03 N0576
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 03
MPEG Systems
Convenorship: KATS (Korea, Republic of)
Document type: Output Document
Title: Text of ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8 2nd edition Session-based DASH
operations
Status: Approved
Date of document: 2021-05-06
Source: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 03
Expected action: None
Action due date: None
No. of pages: 27 (with cover page)
Email of Convenor: young.L @ samsung . com
Committee URL: https://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/open/jtc1sc29wg3
ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8:2021(E)
INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION FOR STANDARDISATION
ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG 03 MPEG SYSTEMS
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 03 N 0576
Oct 2021, Virtual
Title Text of ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8 2nd edition Session-based DASH operations
Source WG 03, MPEG Systems
Status Approved
Serial
Number
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29
Date: 2022-05-06
ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8:2022(E)
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 3
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29
Secretariat: JISC
Date: 2025-04-28
Information technology — Dynamic adaptive streaming over
HTTP (DASH) —
Part 8:
Session-based DASH operations
Technologies de l'information — Diffusion en flux adaptatifadaptative dynamique sur HTTP (DASH) —
Partie 8: Opérations de DASH basées sur unela session
Copyright notice
ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8:2021(E2025(en)
© ISO/IEC 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means,
electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or otherwiseor posting on the internet or an intranet,
without prior written permission being secured.
Requests for permission to reproduce should. Permission can be addressed to requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO'sISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-12111214 Vernier, Geneva 20
Tel.Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail: copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.orgWebsite: www.iso.org
Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.
Violators may be prosecuted.
Published in Switzerland
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved v
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
v
ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8:2021(E2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword vii
Introduction viii
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviated terms and notations 1
3.1 Terms and definitions 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms 2
3.3 Notation 2
4 General overview 3
4.1 Sessions and session parameters 3
Table 1 — Conceptual sidecar document layout 3
4.2 General architecture 3
4.3 Timeline and orderline addressing 4
Table 2 — An example of SBD timing table 4
Table 3 — An example of SBD order table 4
5 MPD signalling for SBD 5
5.1 General 5
5.2 SBD descriptor 5
5.2.1 General 5
5.2.2 Semantics 5
Table 4 — MPD EssentialProperty Descriptor attributes for session-based DASH 5
5.2.3 XML schema 9
6 SBD document format 9
6.1 Overview 9
6.2 KeyValue Object 10
6.2.1 Semantics 10
Table 5 — KeyValue semantics 10
Table 6 — timeline element semantics 11
Table 7 — orderline element semantics 12
Element or Attribute Name 12
Use 12
Description 12
6.2.2 JSON schema 12
7 Client operation 12
7.1 Normative requirements 12
7.2 Processing model (informative) 13
7.2.1 Building SBD timeline/orderline table 13
7.2.2 Parameter value derivation 13
7.2.3 Segment request 13
8 Examples 14
8.1 General 14
vi © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
vi
ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8:2021(E2025(en)
8.2 MPD 14
8.3 Session-based description document 15
8.3.1 Example 1: Timeline 15
8.4 Operation 15
9 Example applications 15
9.1 Forensic watermarking 15
Annex A SBD MIME type 17
Bibliography 18
References 19
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved vii
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
vii
ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8:2021(E2025(en)
Foreword . ix
Introduction . x
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviated terms and notations . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 2
3.3 Notation . 2
4 General overview . 3
4.1 Sessions and session parameters . 3
4.2 General architecture . 3
4.3 Timeline and orderline addressing . 5
5 MPD signalling for SBD . 5
5.1 General . 5
5.2 SBD descriptor . 5
6 SBD document format . 11
6.1 Overview . 11
6.2 KeyValue Object. 11
7 Client operation . 14
7.1 Normative requirements . 14
7.2 Processing model . 15
8 Examples . 16
8.1 General . 16
8.2 MPD . 16
8.3 Session-based description document . 17
8.4 Operation . 19
9 Example applications . 19
9.1 Forensic watermarking . 19
Annex A (normative) SBD MIME type . 21
Bibliography . 23
viii © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
viii
ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8:2021(E2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members
of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC
Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directiveswww.iso.org/directives or
www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocswww.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs).
Attention is drawnISO and IEC draw attention to the possibility that some of the elementsimplementation of
this document may beinvolve the subjectuse of (a) patent(s). ISO and IEC take no position concerning the
evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights. in respect thereof. As of the date of publication
of this document, ISO and IEC had not received notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement
this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information,
which may be obtained from the patent database available at www.iso.org/patents and https://patents.iec.ch.
ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent
rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of
patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents) or the IEC list of patent declarations received (see
https://patents.iec.ch).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.htmlwww.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. In the IEC, see www.iec.ch/understanding-
standardswww.iec.ch/understanding-standards.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 29, Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 23009-8:2022), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— URL customization and other extensions.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 23090 series can be found on the ISO and IEC websites.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html and www.iec.ch/national-
committees. www.iso.org/members.html and www.iec.ch/national-committees.
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved ix
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
ix
ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8:2021(E2025(en)
Introduction
Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) enables media-streaming model for delivery of media content
in which control lies exclusively with the client. Clients may request data using the HTTP protocol from
standard web servers that have no DASH-specific capabilities. Consequently, the ISO/IEC 23009 series focuses
not on client or server procedures but on the data formats used to provide a DASH Media Presentation.
This document provides methods, interfaces and data for session-based operations to be used with the DASH
standard. Session-based operations allows customization of requested segment URLs based on the
information provided for a specific streaming session.
x © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
x
FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC FDIS 23009-8:2021(E)
Information technology — Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP
(DASH) — Part 8: Session-based DASH operations
Part 8:
Session-based DASH operations
1 Scope
This document specifies the format of the Session-Based Description document and the MPD'smedia
presentation description's (MPD) extension to be used in session-based operations with MPEG DASH (ISO/IEC
23009-1 (MPEG DASH).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies
...
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