ISO 3095:2025

Railway applications — Acoustics — Measurement of noise emitted by railbound vehicles

This document specifies measurement methods and conditions to obtain reproducible and comparable exterior noise emission levels and spectra for all kinds of vehicles operating on rails or other types of fixed track, hereinafter conventionally called “unit”. This document is applicable to type testing of units. It provides measurement procedures for vehicle exterior noise (in general, a vehicle type test is carried out using only a selected subset of these tests): — when the vehicle is moving at constant speed; — when the vehicle is accelerating or decelerating; — when the vehicle is stationary in different operating conditions. It does not include all the instructions to characterize the noise emission of the infrastructure related sources (bridges, crossings, switching, impact noise, curving noise, etc.). This document does not apply to — the noise emission of track maintenance units while working, — environmental impact assessment (collection of data to be used in a prediction method for environmental assessment), — noise immission assessment, — guided buses, and — warning signal noise. The results can be used, for example — to characterize the exterior noise emitted by units, — to compare the noise emission of various units on a particular track section, and — to collect basic source data for units. NOTE Additional guidance is provided in Annex E for measurements in the specific case of urban rail vehicles.

Applications ferroviaires — Acoustique — Mesurage du bruit émis par les véhicules circulant sur rails

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 10-Sep-2025
• ICS: 17.140.30 - Noise emitted by means of transport
• ICS: 45.020 - Railway engineering in general
• ICS: 45.060.01 - Railway rolling stock in general
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 43/SC 1 - Noise
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 43/SC 1 - Noise
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 11-Sep-2025
• Due Date: 27-Nov-2021
• Completion Date: 11-Sep-2025

Relations

• Consolidates: ISO 20633:2015 - Infant formula and adult nutritionals — Determination of vitamin E and vitamin A by normal phase high performance liquid chromatography
• Effective Date: 06-Jun-2022
• Revises: ISO 3095:2013 - Acoustics — Railway applications — Measurement of noise emitted by railbound vehicles
• Effective Date: 23-Apr-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

International
Standard
ISO 3095
Fourth edition
Railway applications — Acoustics
2025-09
— Measurement of noise emitted by
railbound vehicles
Applications ferroviaires — Acoustique — Mesurage du bruit
émis par les véhicules circulant sur rails
Reference number
© ISO 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .vi
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
3.1 General definitions.2
3.2 Definitions of track properties . .3
3.3 Definitions of acoustic measurement quantities .4
3.4 Definitions for noise from parked trains .6
4 Instrumentation and calibration . 6
4.1 Instrumentation .6
4.2 Calibration .7
5 Stationary test . 7
5.1 General .7
5.2 Environmental conditions . .7
5.2.1 Acoustical environment .7
5.2.2 Meteorological conditions .8
5.2.3 Background sound pressure level .8
5.3 Track conditions .8
5.4 Vehicle conditions .9
5.4.1 General .9
5.4.2 Normal operating conditions .9
5.4.3 Additional operating conditions .10
5.5 Measurement positions .10
5.5.1 Standard measurement positions .10
5.5.2 Additional measurement positions.11
5.6 Measured quantities .11
5.7 Test procedure .11
5.8 Data processing. 12
5.8.1 Standard processing . 12
5.8.2 Additional processing . 12
6 Constant speed test .13
6.1 Environmental conditions . 13
6.1.1 Acoustical environment . 13
6.1.2 Meteorological conditions .14
6.1.3 Background sound pressure level .14
6.2 Track conditions .14
6.2.1 General .14
6.2.2 Geometry of the line .14
6.2.3 Track superstructure . 15
6.2.4 Track quality . 15
6.2.5 Acoustic rail roughness of the test track . 15
6.2.6 Dynamic properties of the test track .16
6.2.7 Special conditions .17
6.3 Vehicle conditions .17
6.3.1 General .17
6.3.2 Normal operating conditions .18
6.3.3 Occupancy and load .18
6.3.4 Wheel tread conditioning .19
6.3.5 Train composition (adjacent vehicles) .19
6.4 Measurement positions . 20
6.4.1 Standard measurement positions . 20
6.4.2 Additional measurement positions.21

iii
6.5 Measured quantities .21
6.6 Test procedure .21
6.6.1 General .21
6.6.2 Pass-by speeds .21
6.6.3 Recording and measurement time intervals .21
6.7 Data processing.24
6.7.1 Standard processing .24
6.7.2 Additional processing .24
7 Acceleration test from standstill .24
7.1 General .24
7.2 Environmental conditions . 25
7.2.1 Acoustical environment . 25
7.2.2 Meteorological conditions . 25
7.2.3 Background sound pressure level . 25
7.3 Track conditions . 25
7.4 Vehicle conditions . 26
7.4.1 General .
...

FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 3095
ISO/TC 43/SC 1
Railway applications — Acoustics
Secretariat: DIN
— Measurement of noise emitted by
Voting begins on:
railbound vehicles
2025-06-05
Applications ferroviaires — Acoustique — Mesurage du bruit
Voting terminates on:
émis par les véhicules circulant sur rails
2025-07-31
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
ISO/FDIS 3095:2025(en) © ISO 2025

FINAL DRAFT
ISO/FDIS 3095:2025(en)
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 3095
ISO/TC 43/SC 1
Railway applications — Acoustics
Secretariat: DIN
— Measurement of noise emitted by
Voting begins on:
railbound vehicles
Applications ferroviaires — Acoustique — Mesurage du bruit
Voting terminates on:
émis par les véhicules circulant sur rails
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2025
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/FDIS 3095:2025(en) © ISO 2025

ii
ISO/FDIS 3095:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .vi
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
3.1 General definitions.2
3.2 Definitions of track properties . .3
3.3 Definitions of acoustic measurement quantities .4
3.4 Definitions for noise from parked trains .6
4 Instrumentation and calibration . 6
4.1 Instrumentation .6
4.2 Calibration .7
5 Stationary test . 7
5.1 General .7
5.2 Environmental conditions . .7
5.2.1 Acoustical environment .7
5.2.2 Meteorological conditions .8
5.2.3 Background sound pressure level .8
5.3 Track conditions .8
5.4 Vehicle conditions .9
5.4.1 General .9
5.4.2 Normal operating conditions .9
5.4.3 Additional operating conditions .10
5.5 Measurement positions .10
5.5.1 Standard measurement positions .10
5.5.2 Additional measurement positions.11
5.6 Measured quantities .11
5.7 Test procedure .11
5.8 Data processing. 12
5.8.1 Standard processing . 12
5.8.2 Additional processing . 12
6 Constant speed test .13
6.1 Environmental conditions . 13
6.1.1 Acoustical environment . 13
6.1.2 Meteorological conditions .14
6.1.3 Background sound pressure level .14
6.2 Track conditions .14
6.2.1 General .14
6.2.2 Geometry of the line .14
6.2.3 Track superstructure . 15
6.2.4 Track quality . 15
6.2.5 Acoustic rail roughness of the test track . 15
6.2.6 Dynamic properties of the test track .16
6.2.7 Special conditions .17
6.3 Vehicle conditions .17
6.3.1 General .17
6.3.2 Normal operating conditions .18
6.3.3 Occupancy and load .18
6.3.4 Wheel tread conditioning .19
6.3.5 Train composition (adjacent vehicles) .19
6.4 Measurement positions . 20
6.4.1 Standard measurement positions . 20
6.4.2 Additional measurement positions.21

iii
ISO/FDIS 3095:2025(en)
6.5 Measured quantities .21
6.6 Test procedure .21
6.6.1 General .21
6.6.2 Pass-by speeds .21
6.6.3 Recording and measurement time intervals . 22
6.7 Data processing.24
6.7.1 Standard processing .24
6.7.2 Additional processing .24
7 Acceleration test from standstill .
...

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ISO /TC 43/SC 1
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Secretariat: DIN
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Date: 2025-04-28xx
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Railway applications — Acoustics — Measurement of noise emitted
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by railbound vehicles
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Applications ferroviaires — Acoustique — Mesurage du bruit émis par les véhicules circulant sur rails
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ISO/FDIS 3095:2024(E2025(en) Formatted: Font: 11 pt, Bold
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spacing: single
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, Commented [eXtyles1]: The reference "ISO 2025" is to a
withdrawn standard
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
Formatted: Default Paragraph Font
Formatted: Default Paragraph Font
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
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CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
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Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
between Latin and Asian text, Adjust space between
EmailE-mail: [e-mail]
Asian text and numbers
Website: www.iso.orgwww.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
Formatted: Font: 10 pt
Formatted: Font: 10 pt
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
Formatted: FooterPageRomanNumber, Space After: 0
pt, Line spacing: single
ii © ISO 3095 2025 – All rights reserved
ii
ISO/FDIS 3095:2025(en)
Formatted: Font: 11 pt, Bold
Formatted: Font: Bold
Formatted: HeaderCentered, Left
Contents
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
Foreword . ix
Introduction . xi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 2
3.1 General definitions . 2
3.2 Definitions of track properties . 4
3.3 Definitions of acoustic measurement quantities . 4
3.4 Definitions for noise from parked trains . 6
4 Instrumentation and calibration . 7
4.1 Instrumentation . 7
4.2 Calibration . 7
5 Stationary test . 8
5.1 General. 8
5.2 Environmental conditions . 8
5.3 Track conditions . 9
5.4 Vehicle conditions . 10
5.5 Measurement positions . 11
5.6 Measured quantities . 12
5.7 Test procedure . 12
5.8 Data processing . 13
6 Constant speed test . 15
6.1 Environmental conditions . 15
6.2 Track conditions . 15
6.3 Vehicle conditions . 19
6.4 Measurement positions . 22
6.5 Measured quantities . 23
6.6 Test procedure . 23
6.7 Data processing . 26
7 Acceleration test from standstill . 26
7.1 General. 26
7.2 Environmental conditions . 27
7.3 Track conditions . 28
7.4 Vehicle conditions . 28
7.5 Maximum level method . 30
7.6 Averaged level method . 33
8 Braking test . 34
8.1 General. 34
8.2 Environmental conditions . 34
8.3 Track conditions . 35
8.4 Vehicle conditions . 35
8.5 Measurement positions . 37
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8.6 Measurement quantity . 38
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8.7 Test procedure . 38
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8.8 Data processing . 38
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9 Quality of the measurements. 39
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iii
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9.2 Deviations from the requirements . 39
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9.3 Measurement tolerances . 39
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9.4 Measurement spread . 39
9.5 Measurement uncertainties . 39
10 Test report . 40
Annex A (normative) Method to characterize the impulsive character of the noise . 42
Annex B (normative) Tests at constant speed — Special cases . 45
Annex C (informative) Track influence on the pass-by test result . 51
Annex D (normative) Method to assess acceptable small deviations from acoustic rail
roughness requirements . 79
Annex E (informative) Guidance for urban rail vehicles measurement . 82
Annex F (informative) Additional measurements . 84
Annex G (informative) Quantification of measurement uncertainties according to
[1]
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 . 90
Annex H (informative) Noise from parked trains . 95
Annex I (informative) Data processing for tonal noise assessment at standstill . 106
Bibliography . 110

Foreword . viii
Introduction . ix
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
3.1 General definitions . 2
3.2 Definitions of track properties . 3
3.3 Defin
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