ISO 18436-4:2008
(Main)Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Requirements for qualification and assessment of personnel — Part 4: Field lubricant analysis
Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Requirements for qualification and assessment of personnel — Part 4: Field lubricant analysis
ISO 18436-4:2008 specifies the requirements for qualification and assessment of personnel who perform machinery condition monitoring and diagnostics using field lubricant analysis. A certificate or declaration of conformity to ISO 18436-4:2008 will provide recognition of the qualifications and competence of individuals to perform field lubricant analysis for machinery condition monitoring. This procedure may not apply to specialized equipment or other specific situations. ISO 18436-4:2008 specifies a three-category classification programme.
Surveillance et diagnostic d'état des machines — Exigences relatives à la qualification et à l'évaluation du personnel — Partie 4: Analyse de la lubrification sur le terrain
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 18436-4
First edition
2008-10-15
Condition monitoring and diagnostics of
machines — Requirements for
qualification and assessment of
personnel —
Part 4:
Field lubricant analysis
Surveillance et diagnostic d'état des machines — Exigences relatives à
la qualification et à l'évaluation du personnel —
Partie 4: Analyse de la lubrification sur le terrain
Reference number
ISO 18436-4:2008(E)
©
ISO 2008
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ISO 18436-4:2008(E)
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ISO 18436-4:2008(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Classification of personnel (field lubricant analysis).2
4.1 General .2
4.2 Category I .2
4.3 Category II .2
4.4 Category III .3
5 Eligibility.4
5.1 General .4
5.2 Education .4
5.3 Training.4
5.4 Experience .5
6 Examinations .6
6.1 Examination content .6
6.2 Conduct of examinations.6
Annex A (normative) Training course requirements and minimum training hours for field
lubricant analysis personnel.7
Bibliography.16
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ISO 18436-4:2008(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 18436-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition
monitoring, Subcommittee SC 5, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines.
ISO 18436 consists of the following parts, under the general title Condition monitoring and diagnostics of
machines — Requirements for qualification and assessment of personnel:
⎯ Part 1: Requirements for certifying bodies and the certification process
⎯ Part 2: Vibration condition monitoring and diagnostics
⎯ Part 3: Requirements for training bodies and the training process
⎯ Part 4: Field lubricant analysis
⎯ Part 5: Lubricant laboratory technician/analyst
⎯ Part 6: Acoustic emission
⎯ Part 7: Thermography
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ISO 18436-4:2008(E)
Introduction
Using lubricant analysis to monitor condition and diagnose faults in machinery is a key activity in predictive
maintenance programmes for most industries. Other non-intrusive technologies including thermography,
vibration analysis, acoustic emission and motor current analysis are used as complementary condition
analysis tools. Those in the manufacturing industry who have diligently and consistently applied these
techniques have experienced a return on investment far exceeding their expectations. However, the
effectiveness of these programmes depends on the capabilities of individuals who perform the measurements
and analyse the data.
A programme, administered by an assessment body, has been developed to train and assess the competence
of personnel whose duties require the appropriate theoretical and practical knowledge of machinery
monitoring and diagnostics.
This part of ISO 18436 defines the requirements against which personnel in the non-intrusive machinery
condition monitoring and diagnostics technologies associated with field lubricant analysis for machinery
condition monitoring are to be qualified and the methods of assessing such personnel.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18436-4:2008(E)
Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines —
Requirements for qualification and assessment of personnel —
Part 4:
Field lubricant analysis
1 Scope
This part of ISO 18436 specifies the requirements for qualification and assessment of personnel who perform
machinery condition monitoring and diagnostics using field lubricant analysis.
A certificate or declaration of conformity to this part of ISO 18436 will provide recognition of the qualifications
and competence of individuals to perform field lubricant analysis for machinery condition monitoring. This
procedure may not apply to specialized equipment or other specific situations.
This part of ISO 18436 specifies a three-category classification programme that is based on the technical
areas delineated herein.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13372, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Vocabulary
ISO 18436-1:2004, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Requirements for training and
certification of personnel — Part 1: Requirements for certifying bodies and the certification process
ISO 18436-3, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Requirements for qualification and
assessment of personnel — Part 3: Requirements for training bodies and the training process
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13372 and the following apply.
3.1
lubricant
any substance interposed between two surfaces in relative motion for the purpose of modifying the friction and
reducing the wear between them
NOTE Hydraulic and heat transfer fluids are considered lubricants.
3.2
lubricant analysis
process of monitoring and performing investigative testing of lubricants, with subsequent interpretation,
reporting and response to obtained results
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ISO 18436-4:2008(E)
3.3
significant interruption
absence or change of activity which prevents the assessed individual from practising the duties corresponding
to the category within the defined scope for
a) a continuous period in excess of 365 days, or
b) two or more periods for a total time exceeding two-fifths of the total period of validity of the certificate or
declaration
4 Classification of personnel (field lubricant analysis)
4.1 General
Individuals assessed as conforming to the requirements of this part of ISO 18436 shall be classified in one of
three categories depending upon their qualifications. They shall have demonstrated the necessary skills in
field lubricant analysis for their category as indicated in Annex A.
Personnel classified as Category II need to have all the knowledge and skills expected of personnel classified
as Category I, while personnel classified as Category III need to have all the knowledge and skills expected of
personnel classified as Category II.
4.2 Category I
Individuals classified as Category I are qualified to perform field lubricant analysis according to established
and recognized procedures. Personnel classified as Category I shall be able to:
a) dispense lubricants, re-lubricate and/or inspect lubricants on a pre-programmed route, as appropriate in
accordance with established procedures;
b) properly maintain lubrication devices and equipment;
c) install sampling hardware deemed appropriate, safe and non-intrusive by Category II or higher personnel
(any intrusive sampling hardware installation shall be undertaken by a suitably qualified person
authorized by the customer);
d) verify that analysis instruments are calibrated and report to the appropriate personnel where action is
needed;
e) operate (and maintain) portable lubricant analysis instrumentation on pre-programmed routes;
f) download and upload raw test data from portable lubricant analysis instrumentation;
g) acquire lubricant samples from machine systems, equipment, and/or storage containers in accordance
with established procedures; and
h) prepare samples for transport and/or testing in accordance with established procedures.
4.3 Category II
Individuals classified as Category II are qualified to perform basic field lubricant testing and analysis according
to established and recognised procedures. Personnel classified as Category II shall be able to:
a) set up instruments for basic on-site testing;
b) perform calibration checks on instruments used for on-site testing;
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ISO 18436-4:2008(E)
c) establish procedures for sample acquisition, preparation and transport;
d) select sample point locations, methods and hardware and oversee installation of sampling hardware;
e) apply selected test methods for on-site testing and wear debris analysis;
f) liaise with an off-site laboratory;
g) classify, interpret and evaluate basic test results (including acceptance tests) in accordance with
applicable specifications and standards;
h) employ basic lubricant analysis techniques to troubleshoot lubricant, machinery and components;
i) maintain a database of analysis schedules, results and diagnosis;
j) prepare reports for appropriate personnel on basic lubricant and machine condition, recommend
corrective action (non-intrusive maintenance) and report on effectiveness of repairs/changes;
k) be aware of the use of alternative or supplementary condition monitoring technologies; and
l) provide guidance and supervision to Category I personnel.
4.4 Category III
Individuals classified as Category III are qualified to perform and/or direct all types of field lubricant testing and
analysis. Personnel classified as Category III shall be able to:
a) interpret and evaluate test methods, standards, codes, specifications and procedures;
b) select the appropriate machinery lubricant analysis technique;
c) specify the appropriate instrumentation hardware and software for both portable and permanently
installed systems;
d) design and manage calibration programmes;
e) establish lubricant monitoring programmes including determination of machines for periodic/continuous
monitoring, frequency and type of testing, route plans, etc., and quality assurance testing;
f) establish programmes for the specification of targets, alarms and limits for machinery;
g) perform advanced on-site tests and wear debris analysis;
h) classify, interpret and evaluate advanced test results and wear debris analysis (including acceptance
tests) in accordance with applicable specifications and standards;
i) manage and perform administrative tasks for lubricant analysis software and databases;
j) perform Failure Mode, Effect and Criticality Analysis (FMECA);
k) perform prognostics for fault conditions;
l) evaluate the performance of outside lubricant analysis services and recommend necessary corrective
changes;
m) prepare reports for appropriate personnel based on advanced lubricant testing and wear debris analysis
on lubricant and machine condition;
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ISO 18436-4:2008(E)
n) make major maintenance corrective action recommendations (normally intrusive maintenance) and report
on effectiveness of repairs/changes;
o) report to management regarding programme objectives, budgets, cost justification, and personnel
development;
p) recommend the use of alternative condition monitoring (CM) technologies;
q) based on the accrued data, review the lubricants currently in use and make recommendations, inclusive
of required lubrication specification changes, with a view to enhancing performance;
r) assess the influence of physical/chemical properties on stability of rotor in bearings, stability of turbine
control systems, wear of gears and hydrodynamic seals; and
s) provide guidance and supervision to Category I and II personnel.
5 Eligibility
5.1 General
Candidates should have a combination of education, training and experience to ensure that they understand
the principles and procedures applicable to machinery lubrication and lubricant analysis. General machinery
knowledge is required.
5.2 Education
Candidates seeking classification do not need to provide evidence of formal education to establish eligibility.
However, it is recommended that candidates for Category I and II have at least a secondary school
qualification or its equivalent. Category II and III candidates must be able to manipulate simple algebraic
equations, use a basic scientific calculator (including trigonometric and logarithmic functions), and be familiar
with the operation of personal computers. Successful completion of two or more years of mechanical
technology or mechanical engineering at a college, university, or technical school is highly recommended for
candidates seeking classification to Category III.
5.3 Training
5.3.1 Introduction
To be eligible to apply for assessment based on this part of ISO 18436, the candidates shall provide evidence
of successful completion of training based on the requirements of Annex A. The documents in the
Bibliography should be used as the domain of knowledge for the training syllabus. Such training shall be
compliant with the requirements of ISO 18436-3. The minimum duration of training is shown in Table 1.
Training should be in the form of lectures, demonstrations, practical exercises or formal training courses.
Qualification requirements shall be in accordance with this part of ISO 18436. Training time devoted to each
topic shall be in accordance with Annex A and Table 1.
Table 1 — Minimum duration of cumulative training (hours)
Category I Category II Category III
24 48 80
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ISO 18436-4:2008(E)
5.3.2 Additional training on tribology and lubrication management
In addition to the training hours shown in Table 1, candidates should attend tribology and lubrication
management training of at least a similar duration to that shown in Table 1.
Such training shall be in addition to any formal education compliant with 5.2, inclusive of any college or
university education. If undertaken, the additional training shall cover the design, implementation, and
operation of lubrication and lubricant analysis systems and programmes, maintenance principles of machines
and components, the failure modes and mechanisms associated with each principle, and the typical
tribological aspects associated with each mechanism. Such training shall be validated by verifiable records.
5.3.3 Mature candidate entry
Mature candidate entry may be allowed at the discretion of the assessment
...
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