ISO/TS 16422-3:2023
(Main)Pipes and joints made of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) for the conveyance of water under pressure — Part 3: Fittings
Pipes and joints made of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) for the conveyance of water under pressure — Part 3: Fittings
This document specifies the characteristics of solid-wall oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) fittings for piping systems intended to be used underground or above ground where protected from direct sunlight, for water supply, buried drainage, sewerage, treated wastewater and irrigation under pressure. This document is applicable to double sockets, repair couplings, reducers and to non-end load bearing elbows only. This document is not applicable to tees, flange adaptors, etc. NOTE For double sockets, repair couplings, and reducers, there are no special fittings designs for end-load bearing applications. However, restrained gaskets can be used for end-load bearing applications. In this case, the requirements of ISO 16422-5 are applicable. This document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document. In conjunction with ISO 16422-1 and ISO 16422-5, this document is applicable to oriented PVC-O pipes with or without an integral socket, intended to be used for the following: a) water mains and services lines; b) conveyance of water for both outside and inside buildings; c) drainage, sewerage and treated wastewater under pressure; d) irrigation under pressure. This document is applicable to piping systems intended for the supply of water under pressure up to and including 25 °C (cold water), intended for human consumption and for general purposes as well as for wastewater under pressure. This document is also applicable to components for the conveyance of water and wastewater up to and including 45 °C. For temperatures between 25 °C and 45 °C, see ISO 16422-2, Figure C.1. The piping system according to this document is intended for the conveyance of cold water up to pressure of 25 bar[1] and especially in those applications where special performance requirements are needed, such as impact loads and pressure fluctuations, up to pressure of 25 bar. [1] 1 bar =0,1 MPa=105 Pa; 1 MPa= 1 N/mm2
Tubes et assemblages en poly(chlorure de vinyle) non plastifié orienté (PVC-O) pour le transport de l'eau sous pression — Partie 3: Raccords
General Information
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 16422-3
First edition
2023-06
Pipes and joints made of oriented
unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride)
(PVC-O) for the conveyance of water
under pressure —
Part 3:
Fittings
Tubes et assemblages en poly(chlorure de vinyle) non plastifié orienté
(PVC-O) pour le transport de l'eau sous pression —
Partie 3: Raccords
Reference number
ISO/TS 16422-3:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
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ISO/TS 16422-3:2023(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/TS 16422-3:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols . 3
5 Material. 5
5.1 General . 5
5.2 Density . 5
5.3 Orientation factor . 5
6 General characteristics . 5
6.1 Appearance . 5
6.2 Colour . 5
6.3 Opacity . 6
6.4 Classification of fittings . . 6
7 Geometrical characteristics . 6
7.1 Design lengths, bend radii and angles . 6
7.2 Measurement of dimensions . 6
7.3 Nominal outside diameters and wall thickness . 6
7.4 Fittings with integral sockets with elastomeric sealing ring type . 6
8 Pressure and operating temperature . 7
8.1 Selection of nominal pressure for water up to and including 25 °C . 7
8.2 Determination of the allowable operating pressure for water up to 45 °C . 7
9 Mechanical characteristics — Resistance to hydrostatic pressure .7
10 Physical characteristics .7
11 Sealing rings .8
12 Performance requirements . .8
13 Marking . . 8
13.1 General . 8
13.2 Minimum required marking . . 8
13.3 Additional marking. 9
Annex A (normative) Determination of long-term hydrostatic strength .10
Annex B (normative) Determination of circumferential orientation factor .12
Annex C (informative) Recommended dimensions of PVC-O fittings .14
Bibliography .19
iii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/TS 16422-3:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 138, Plastics pipes, fittings and valves for
the transport of fluids, Subcommittee SC 2, Plastics pipes and fittings for water supplies.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16422 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/TS 16422-3:2023(E)
Introduction
Molecular orientation of thermoplastics results in the improvement of physical and mechanical
properties. Orientation is carried out at temperatures well above the glass transition temperature.
Orientation of PVC-U pipe-material can be induced by different processes.
In general, the following production process is common. A thick-wall tube is extruded (feedstock) and
conditioned at the desired temperature. The orientation process is activated in circumferential and
axial directions under controlled conditions.
After the orientation process, the pipe is cooled down quickly to ambient temperature.
The orientation of the molecules creates a laminar structure in the material of the pipe wall. This
structure gives the ability to withstand brittle failure emanating from minor flaws in the material
matrix or from scratches at the surface of the pipe wall.
Improved hoop strength allows reduced wall thickness with material and energy savings. Improved
resistance to impact and fatigue also result.
The classification depends on the material compound/formulation and stretch ratios used. Therefore,
with the classification, these characteristics can be specified or determined.
The ISO 16422 series, of which this document is Part 3, specifies the requirements for a piping system
made from oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) and its components. The piping system
is intended to be used for water supply, pressurized drainage and sewerage and irrigation systems to
be used underground or above ground where protected to direct sunlight.
In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused
by the products covered by this document, the following points are relevant:
— this document provides no information as to whether or not the products can be used without
restriction;
— requirements and test methods for PVC-O material and components, other than fittings, are specified
in ISO 16422-1 and ISO 16422-2. For other components (not manufactured from PVC-O) reference is
made to the following documents: ISO 1452-3 (PVC-U) and EN 12842 (Cast Iron). Characteristics for
fitness for purpose (mainly for joints) are specified in ISO 16422-5.
The future documents ISO 16422-1, ISO 16422-2 and ISO 16422-5 are intended to cancel and replace
ISO 16422:2014.
This document is a completely new part of the ISO 16422 series since PCV-O fittings were not included
in ISO 16422:2014.
This document is specifically focussed on fittings, as opposed to more general specifications, which are
now covered in the various other parts of the ISO 16422 series.
v
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 16422-3:2023(E)
Pipes and joints made of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl
chloride) (PVC-O) for the conveyance of water under
pressure —
Part 3:
Fittings
1 Scope
This document specifies the characteristics of solid-wall oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride)
(PVC-O) fittings for piping systems intended to be used underground or above ground where protected
from direct sunlight, for water supply, buried drainage, sewerage, treated wastewater and irrigation
under pressure. This document is applicable to double sockets, repair couplings, reducers and to non-
end load bearing elbows only. This document is not applicable to tees, flange adaptors, etc.
NOTE For double sockets, repair couplings, and reducers, there are no special fittings designs for end-load
bearing applications. However, restrained gaskets can be used for end-load bearing applications. In this case, the
requirements of ISO 16422-5 are applicable.
This document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document.
In conjunction with ISO 16422-1 and ISO 16422-5, this document is applicable to oriented PVC-O pipes
with or without an integral socket, intended to be used for the following:
a) water mains and services lines;
b) conveyance of water for both outside and inside buildings;
c) drainage, sewerage and treated wastewater under pressure;
d) irrigation under pressure.
This document is applicable to piping systems intended for the supply of water under pressure up to
and including 25 °C (cold water), intended for human consumption and for general purposes as well as
for wastewater under pressure.
This document is also applicable to components for the conveyance of water and wastewater up to and
including 45 °C. For temperatures between 25 °C and 45 °C, see ISO 16422-2, Figure C.1.
The piping system according to this document is intended for the conveyance of cold water up to
1)
pressure of 25 bar and especially in those applications where special performance requirements are
needed, such as impact loads and pressure fluctuations, up to pressure of 25 bar.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
2)
ISO 16422-1:— , Pipes and joints made of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) for the
conveyance of water under pressure — Part 1: General
5 2
1) 1 bar =0,1 MPa=10 Pa; 1 MPa= 1 N/mm .
2) Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/DIS 16422-1:2023.
1
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/TS 16422-3:2023(E)
3)
ISO 16422-2:— , Pipes and joints made of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) for the
conveyance of water under pressure — Part 2: Pipes
4)
ISO 16422-5:— , Pipes and joints made of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) for the
conveyance of water under pressure — Part 5: Fitness for purpose of the system
ISO 161-1, Thermoplastics pipes for the conveyance of fluids — Nominal outside diameters and nominal
pressures — Part 1: Metric series
ISO 1167-1, Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids — Determination of
the resistance to internal pressure — Part 1: General method
ISO 1167-2, Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids — Determination of
the resistance to internal pressure — Part 2: Preparation of pipe test pieces
ISO 1167-3, Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids — Determination of
the resistance to internal pressure — Part 3: Preparation of components
ISO 1183-1, Plastics — Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics — Part 1: Immersion
method, liquid pycnometer method and titration method
ISO 2505, Thermoplastics pipes — Longitudinal reversion — Test method and parameters
ISO 2507-1, Thermoplastics pipes and fittings — Vicat softening temperature — Part 1: General test method
ISO 3126, Plastics piping systems — Plastics components — Determination of dimensions
ISO 4633, Rubber seals — Joint rings for water supply, drainage and sewerage pipelines — Specification for
materials
ISO 6259-1, Thermoplastics pipes — Determination of tensile properties — Part 1: General test method
ISO 6259-2, Thermoplastics pipes — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Pipes made of
unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O), chlorinated
poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-C) and high-impact poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-HI)
ISO 7686, Plastics pipes and fittings — Determination of opacity
ISO 9080, Plastics piping and ducting systems — Determination of the long-term hydrostatic strength of
thermoplastics materials in pipe form by extrapolation
ISO 9852, Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes — Dichloromethane resistance at specified
temperature (DCMT) — Test method
ISO 18373-1, Rigid PVC pipes — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method — Part 1: Measurement of
the processing temperature
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16422-1 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3) Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/DIS 16422-2:2023.
4) Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/DIS 16422-5:2023.
2
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ISO/TS 16422-3:2023(E)
3.1
PVC-O fitting
fitting of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) made from stretching PVC-U preforms
under certain conditions which improve its mechanical behaviour
Note 1 to entry: This means that fittings made from different components are excluded from the scope of this
document.
3.2
laying length socketed outlet
Z-length
distance from the inserted tube or spigot end to the intersection point of the fitting/valve axis (fitting
or valve centre)
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.1]
3.3
laying length spigot outlet
Z-length
distance from the outlet end to the intersection point of the fitting/valve axis (fitting or valve centre)
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.2]
3.4
laying length socket with parallel outlets
Z-length
distance between the ends of the inserted tubes or spigots
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.3]
3.5
laying length one socket and one spigot with parallel outlets
Z-length
distance from the inserted tube or spigot end to the end of the spigot outlet
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.4]
3.6
design length of bends
Z-length
length of an outlet, excluding any socket length or insert length of spigot
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.5]
3.7
lower confidence limit of the predicted hydrostatic pressure
p
LPL
quantity with the dimension of pressure, which represents the 97,5 % (one sided) lower confidence
4 Symbols
C overall service design coefficient
D measured outside diameter before testing
e,meas,1
D measured outside diameter after testing
e,meas.2
d outside diameter (at any point)
e
d mean outside diameter
em
3
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ISO/TS 16422-3:2023(E)
d inside diameter (at any point)
i
d mean inside diameter of socket
im
d nominal (outside or inside) diameter
n
e wall thickness (at any point)
e mean wall thickness
m
e mean wall thickness before testing
m,1
e mean wall thickness after testing
m,2
e nominal wall thickness
n
f derating (or uprating) factor for application
A
f derating factor for temperatures
T
K K-value
l length of socket
s
l maximum length of socket
s,max
l minimum length of spigot
1,min
m minimum depth of engagement
min
MRP minimum required pressure capability of the fitting is the value of the p at 20 °C for 50
LPL
years rounded to the nearest 0,01 bar
PFA allowable operating pressure
PN nominal pressure
p internal hydrostatic pressure
p test pressure
T
r bend radius
r minimum bend radius
min
S calculated preferred value of the nominal S series number of the pipe from according to
calc
ISO 4065:2019, Table 2
Z design length connecting part double socket
c
Z minimum design length connecting part double socket
c,min
Z design laying length
d
Z minimum design laying length
,d,min
Z design length reducing part
r
Z minimum design length reducing part
r,min
α bend angle
4
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/TS 16422-3:2023(E)
β minimum angle chamfer
λ axial orientation factor
a
λ circumferential ori
...
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
ISO TC 138/SC 2
Secretariat: SNV
Date: 2023-01-27
Pipes and joints made of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) for the conveyance
of water under pressure — Part 3: Fittings
DTS stage
Warning for WDs and CDs
This document is not an ISO International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is subject to
change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of
which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
© ISO 2022
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part
of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written
permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body
in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.orgwww.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
iv © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
iv © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
Contents
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 3
4 Symbols . 4
5 Material . 5
5.1 General . 5
5.2 Density . 6
5.3 Orientation factor . 6
6 General characteristics . 6
6.1 Appearance . 6
6.2 Colour . 6
6.3 Opacity . 6
6.4 Classification of fittings . 6
7 Geometrical characteristics . 7
7.1 Design lengths, bend radii and angles. 7
7.2 Measurement of dimensions . 7
7.3 Nominal outside diameters and wall thickness . 7
7.4 Fittings with integral sockets with elastomeric sealing ring type . 7
8 Pressure and operating temperature . 7
8.1 Selection of nominal pressure for water up to and including 25 °C . 7
8.2 Determination of the allowable operating pressure for water up to 45 °C . 7
9 Mechanical characteristics. Resistance to hydrostatic pressure . 7
10 Physical characteristics . 8
11 Sealing rings . 9
12 Performance requirements . 9
13 Marking . 9
13.1 General . 9
13.2 Minimum required marking . 9
13.3 Additional marking . 10
Annex A (normative) Determination of long-term hydrostatic strength . 11
Annex B (normative) Determination of circumferential orientation factor . 13
Annex C (informative) Recommended dimensions of PVC-O fittings . 15
Bibliography . 20
Foreword . vii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved v
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
Introduction . viii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 3
4 Symbols . 4
5 Material . 7
5.1 General . 7
5.2 Density . 7
5.3 Orientation factor . 7
6 General characteristics . 7
6.1 Appearance . 7
6.2 Colour . 8
6.3 Opacity . 8
6.4 Classification of fittings . 8
7 Geometrical characteristics . 8
7.1 Design lengths, bend radii and angles . 8
7.2 Measurement of dimensions . 8
7.3 Nominal outside diameters and wall thickness . 8
7.4 Fittings with integral sockets with elastomeric sealing ring type. 9
8 Pressure and operating temperature . 9
8.1 Selection of nominal pressure for water up to and including 25 °C . 9
8.2 Determination of the allowable operating pressure for water up to 45 °C . 9
9 Mechanical characteristics — Resistance to hydrostatic pressure . 9
10 Physical characteristics .10
11 Sealing rings .10
12 Performance requirements .11
13 Marking .11
13.1 General .11
13.2 Minimum required marking .11
13.3 Additional marking .12
Annex A (normative) Determination of long-term hydrostatic strength .13
Annex B (normative) Determination of circumferential orientation factor.17
Annex C (informative) Recommended dimensions of PVC-O fittings .20
Bibliography .28
vi © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
vi © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World
Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 138, Plastics pipes, fittings and valves for
the transport of fluids, Subcommittee SC 2, Plastics pipes and fittings for water supplies.
This first edition, along with ISO/DIS 16422-1, ISO/DIS 16422-2 and ISO/DIS 16422-5, cancels and
replaces ISO 16422:2014, which has been technically revised
This document is specifically focussed on fittings, as opposed to more general specifications, which are
now covered in the various other parts of the ISO 16422 series.
This part is completely new since PCV-O fittings were not included in ISO 16422:2014.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16422 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved vii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved vii
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
Introduction
Molecular orientation of thermoplastics results in the improvement of physical and mechanical
properties. Orientation is carried out at temperatures well above the glass transition temperature.
Orientation of PVC-U pipe-material can be induced by different processes.
In general, the following production process is common. A thick-wall tube is extruded (feedstock) and
conditioned at the desired temperature. The orientation process is activated in circumferential and axial
directions under controlled conditions.
After the orientation process, the pipe is cooled down quickly to ambient temperature.
The orientation of the molecules creates a laminar structure in the material of the pipe wall. This
structure gives the ability to withstand brittle failure emanating from minor flaws in the material matrix
or from scratches at the surface of the pipe wall.
Improved hoop strength allows reduced wall thickness with material and energy savings. Improved
resistance to impact and fatigue also result.
The classification depends on the material compound/formulation and stretch ratios used. Therefore,
with the classification, these characteristics maycan be specified or determined.
The System StandardISO 16422 series, of which this document is Part 3, specifies the requirements for a
piping system made from oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) and its components. The
piping system is intended to be used for water supply, pressurized drainage and sewerage and irrigation
systems to be used underground or above ground where protected to direct sunlight.
In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused
by the products covered by this part of ISO 16422document, the following points are relevant.:
This— this document provides no information as to whether or not the products can be used without
restriction.;
Requirements— requirements and test methods for PVC-O material and components, other than
fittings, are specified in ISO 16422-1 and ISO 16422-2. For other components (not manufactured
from PVC-O) reference is made to the following standardsdocuments: ISO 1452-3 (PVC-U) and EN
12842 (Cast Iron). Characteristics for fitness for purpose (mainly for joints) are specified in ISO
16422-5.
The future documents ISO 16422-1, ISO 16422-2 and ISO 16422-5 are intended to cancel and replace ISO
16422:2014.
This document is a completely new part of ISO 16422 specifies the of PVCISO 16422 series since PCV-O
fittings were not included in ISO 16422:2014.
This document is specifically focussed on fittings, as opposed to more general specifications, which are
now covered in the various other parts of the ISO 16422 series.
.
viii © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
viii © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
Pipes and joints made of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl
chloride) (PVC-O) for the conveyance of water under pressure —
Part 3: Fittings
1 Scope
This document specifies the characteristics of solid-wall oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride)
(PVC-O) fittings for piping systems intended to be used underground or above-ground where protected
from direct sunlight, for water supply, buried drainage, sewerage, treated wastewater and irrigation
under pressure. The scope of thisThis document is limitedapplicable to double sockets, repair couplings,
reducers and to non-end load bearing elbows. only. This document is not applicable to tees, flange
adaptors, etc.
NOTE 1 The scope of this document is restricted to fittings on the market during the preparation of this document.
Therefore tees, flange adaptors, etc., are excluded from this version of the standard.
NOTE 2NOTE For double sockets, repair couplings, and reducers there are no special fittings designs for end-load
bearing applications. However, restrained gaskets can be used for end-load bearing applications. In thatthis case,
the requirements of ISO 16422-5 are applicable.
ItThis document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document.
In conjunction with ISO 16422-1 and ISO 16422-5, itthis document is applicable to oriented PVC-O pipes
with or without an integral socket, intended to be used for the following:
a) water mains and services lines;
b) conveyance of water for both outside and inside buildings;
c) drainage, sewerage and treated wastewater under pressure;
d) Irrigationirrigation under pressure.
ItThis document is applicable to piping systems intended for the supply of water under pressure up to
and including 25 °C (cold water), intended for human consumption and for general purposes as well as
for wastewater under pressure.
This part of ISO 16422document is also applicable to components for the conveyance of water and
wastewater up to and including 45 °C. For temperatures between 25 °C and 45 °C, ISO 16422-2,
Figure C.1 applies.
The piping system according to this International Standarddocument is intended for the conveyance of
1
cold water up to pressurespressure of 25 bars bar and especially in those applications where special
performance requirements are needed, such as impact loads and pressure fluctuations, up to pressure of
2
25 bars bar.
1 5 2
1 bar =0,1 MPa=10 Pa; 1 MPa= 1 N/mm
2 5 2
1bar =0,1 MPa=10 Pa; 1MPa= 1N/mm
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved 1
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ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
2 Normative references
The following documents, are referred to in wholethe text in such a way that some or in part, are
normatively referenced inall of their content constitutes requirements of this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
3
ISO 16422--1, Plastics piping systems for water supply:—, Pipes and for buried and above ground
drainage, sewerage and irrigation under pressure — Orientedjoints made of oriented unplasticized
poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) — for the conveyance of water under pressure — Part 1: General
ISO 16422--2, Plastics piping systems for water supply and for buried and above ground drainage, sewerage
4
and irrigation under pressure — Oriented:—, Pipes and joints made of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl
chloride) (PVC-O) — for the conveyance of water under pressure — Part 2: Pipes
ISO 16422--5, Plastics piping systems for water supply and for buried and above ground drainage, sewerage
5
and irrigation under pressure — Oriented:—, Pipes and joints made of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl
chloride) (PVC-O) — for the conveyance of water under pressure — Part 15: Fitness for purpose of the
system.
ISO 161-1, Thermoplastics pipes for the conveyance of fluids — Nominal outside diameters and nominal
pressures — Part 1: Metric series
ISO 1167-1, Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids — Determination of
the resistance to internal pressure — Part 1: General method
ISO 1167-2, Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids — Determination of
the resistance to internal pressure — Part 2: Preparation of pipe test pieces
ISO 1167-3, Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids — Determination of
the resistance to internal pressure — Part 2 3: Preparation of components.
ISO 1183--1, Plastics — Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics — Part 1: Immersion
method, liquid pycnometer method and titration method (ISO 1183-1)
ISO 2505, Thermoplastics pipes — Longitudinal reversion — Test method and parameters
ISO 2507-1, Thermoplastics pipes and fittings — Vicat softening temperature — Part 1: General test
method
ISO 3126, Plastics piping systems — Plastics components — Determination of dimensions
ISO 4633, Rubber seals — Joint rings for water supply, drainage and sewerage pipelines — Specification for
materials
ISO 6259-1, Thermoplastics pipes — Determination of tensile properties — Part 1: General test method
3
Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/DIS 16422-1:2023.
4
Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/DIS 16422-2:2023.
5
Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/DIS 16422-5:2023.
2 © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
ISO 6259-2, Thermoplastics pipes — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Pipes made of
unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O), chlorinated
poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC-C) and high-impact poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC-HI)
ISO 7686, Plastics pipes and fittings — Determination of opacity
ISO 9080, Plastics piping and ducting systems — Determination of the long-term hydrostatic strength of
thermoplastics materials in pipe form by extrapolation
ISO 9852, Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes — Dichloromethane resistance at specified
temperature (DCMT) — Test method
ISO 18373-1, Rigid PVC pipes — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method — Part 1: Measurement
of the processing temperature
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16422-1 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminologicalterminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
PVC-O fitting
fitting of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) made from stretching PVC-U preforms
under certain conditions which improve its mechanical behaviour
Note 1 to entry: This means that fittings made from different components are excluded from the scope of this
document.
3.2
laying length socketed outlet
Z-length
distance from the inserted tube or spigot end to the intersection point of the fitting/valve axis (fitting or
valve centre)
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.1]
3.3
laying length spigot outlet
Z-length
distance from the outlet end to the intersection point of the fitting/valve axis (fitting or valve centre)
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.2]
3.4
laying length socket with parallel outlets
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ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
Z-length
distance between the ends of the inserted tubes or spigots
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.3]
3.5
laying length one socket and one spigot with parallel outlets
Z-length
distance from the inserted tube or spigot end to the end of the spigot outlet
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.4]
3.6
design length of bends
Z-length
length of an outlet, excluding any socket length or insert length of spigot
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.5]
3.7
lower confidence limit of the predicted hydrostatic pressure
p
LPL
quantity with the dimension of pressure, which represents the 97,5 % (one sided) lower confidence
4 Symbols
CC overall service design coefficient
D measured outside diameter before testing
e,meas,1
D measured outside diameter after testing
e,meas.2
d outside diameter (at any point)
e
d mean outside diameter
em
d inside diameter (at any point)
i
dim mean inside diameter of socket
d nominal (outside or inside) diameter
n
e wall thickness (at any point)
e mean wall thickness
m
4 © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
e mean wall thickness before testing
m,1
e mean wall thickness after testing
m,2
e nominal wall thickness
n
f derating (or uprating) factor for application
A
f derating factor for temperatures
T
K K-value
l length of socket
s
l maximum length of socket
s,max
l minimum length of spigot
1,min
m minimum depth of engagement
min
MRP minimum required pressure capability of the fitting is the value of the pLPL at 20 °C
for 50 years rounded to the nearest 0,01 bar
PFA allowable operating pressure
PN nominal pressure
p internal hydrostatic pressure
p test pressure
T
δr bend radiusmaterial density
σr minimum bend radiushydrostatic stress
min
S calculated preferred value of the nominal S series number of the pipe from
calc
according to ISO 4065:2019, Table 2.
σ Z design stresslength connecting part double socket
s c
Z minimum design length connecting part double socket
c,min
Zd design laying length
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ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
Z minimum design laying length
,d,min
Z design length reducing part
r
Z minimum design length reducing part
r,min
α bend angle
β minimum angle chamfer
λa axial orientation factor
λ circumferential orientation factor
c
ρ density
σ hydrostatic stress
σ Lowerlower predicted confidence limit
LPL
ls, is the length of socket (mm)
m is the minimum depth of engagement (mm)
min
Scalc is the calculated preferred value of the nominal S series number of the pipe from
according to ISO 46065 table2
β minimum angle chamfer
α bend angle
l minimum length of spigot
1,min
r bend radius
r minimum bend radius
min
Z σ design laying length stress
d s
Z minimum design laying length
,d,min
Zr design length reducing part
Z Design length connecting part double socket
c
6 © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
Z minimum design length reducing part
r, min
Z minimum design length connecting part double socket
c, min
MRP minimum required pressure capability of the fitting is the value of the pLPL at
20 °C for 50 years rounded to the nearest 0,01 bar
PFA allowable operating pressure
PN nominal pressure
Note 1 to entry:NOTE The MRP is related withto the PN by means of the overall safety coefficient, C:
MRP
𝑷𝑵 =
𝑪
MRP
PN=
C
5 Material
5.1 General
The material from which the pipes are made shall conform to ISO 16422-1 and to the requirements given
in 5.2 and 5.3.
5.2 Density
The density, ρ, at 23 °C of the pipe, when measured in accordance with ISO 1183-1, shall be within the
following limits:
3 3
1 350 kg/m < ρ < 1 460 kg/m
3
where ρ is measured in kg/m .
5.3 Orientation factor
The circumferential orientation factor shall be declared by the manufacturer with a minimum value of
1,5.
The orientation factor shall be measured according toin accordanc
...
FINAL
TECHNICAL ISO/DTS
DRAFT
SPECIFICATION 16422-3
ISO/TC 138/SC 2
Pipes and joints made of oriented
Secretariat: SNV
unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride)
Voting begins on:
2023-03-23 (PVC-O) for the conveyance of water
under pressure —
Voting terminates on:
2023-05-18
Part 3:
Fittings
Tubes et assemblages en poly(chlorure de vinyle) non plastifié orienté
(PVC-O) pour le transport de l'eau sous pression —
Partie 3: Raccords
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
FINAL
TECHNICAL ISO/DTS
DRAFT
SPECIFICATION 16422-3
ISO/TC 138/SC 2
Pipes and joints made of oriented
Secretariat: SNV
unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride)
Voting begins on:
2023-02-24 (PVC-O) for the conveyance of water
under pressure —
Voting terminates on:
2023-04-21
Part 3:
Fittings
Tubes et assemblages en poly(chlorure de vinyle) non plastifié orienté
(PVC-O) pour le transport de l'eau sous pression —
Partie 3: Raccords
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
ISO copyright office
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
DOCUMENTATION.
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
Email: copyright@iso.org
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
Website: www.iso.org
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
Published in Switzerland
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
ii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols . 3
5 Material. 5
5.1 General . 5
5.2 Density . 5
5.3 Orientation factor . 5
6 General characteristics . 5
6.1 Appearance . 5
6.2 Colour . 5
6.3 Opacity . 6
6.4 Classification of fittings . . 6
7 Geometrical characteristics . 6
7.1 Design lengths, bend radii and angles . 6
7.2 Measurement of dimensions . 6
7.3 Nominal outside diameters and wall thickness . 6
7.4 Fittings with integral sockets with elastomeric sealing ring type . 6
8 Pressure and operating temperature . 7
8.1 Selection of nominal pressure for water up to and including 25 °C . 7
8.2 Determination of the allowable operating pressure for water up to 45 °C . 7
9 Mechanical characteristics — Resistance to hydrostatic pressure .7
10 Physical characteristics .7
11 Sealing rings .8
12 Performance requirements . .8
13 Marking . . 8
13.1 General . 8
13.2 Minimum required marking . . 8
13.3 Additional marking. 9
Annex A (normative) Determination of long-term hydrostatic strength .10
Annex B (normative) Determination of circumferential orientation factor.12
Annex C (informative) Recommended dimensions of PVC-O fittings .14
Bibliography .19
iii
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ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 138, Plastics pipes, fittings and valves for
the transport of fluids, Subcommittee SC 2, Plastics pipes and fittings for water supplies.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16422 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
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ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
Introduction
Molecular orientation of thermoplastics results in the improvement of physical and mechanical
properties. Orientation is carried out at temperatures well above the glass transition temperature.
Orientation of PVC-U pipe-material can be induced by different processes.
In general, the following production process is common. A thick-wall tube is extruded (feedstock) and
conditioned at the desired temperature. The orientation process is activated in circumferential and
axial directions under controlled conditions.
After the orientation process, the pipe is cooled down quickly to ambient temperature.
The orientation of the molecules creates a laminar structure in the material of the pipe wall. This
structure gives the ability to withstand brittle failure emanating from minor flaws in the material
matrix or from scratches at the surface of the pipe wall.
Improved hoop strength allows reduced wall thickness with material and energy savings. Improved
resistance to impact and fatigue also result.
The classification depends on the material compound/formulation and stretch ratios used. Therefore,
with the classification, these characteristics can be specified or determined.
The ISO 16422 series, of which this document is Part 3, specifies the requirements for a piping system
made from oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) and its components. The piping system
is intended to be used for water supply, pressurized drainage and sewerage and irrigation systems to
be used underground or above ground where protected to direct sunlight.
In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused
by the products covered by this document, the following points are relevant:
— this document provides no information as to whether or not the products can be used without
restriction;
— requirements and test methods for PVC-O material and components, other than fittings, are specified
in ISO 16422-1 and ISO 16422-2. For other components (not manufactured from PVC-O) reference is
made to the following documents: ISO 1452-3 (PVC-U) and EN 12842 (Cast Iron). Characteristics for
fitness for purpose (mainly for joints) are specified in ISO 16422-5.
The future documents ISO 16422-1, ISO 16422-2 and ISO 16422-5 are intended to cancel and replace
ISO 16422:2014.
This document is a completely new part of the ISO 16422 series since PCV-O fittings were not included
in ISO 16422:2014.
This document is specifically focussed on fittings, as opposed to more general specifications, which are
now covered in the various other parts of the ISO 16422 series.
v
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---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
Pipes and joints made of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl
chloride) (PVC-O) for the conveyance of water under
pressure —
Part 3:
Fittings
1 Scope
This document specifies the characteristics of solid-wall oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride)
(PVC-O) fittings for piping systems intended to be used underground or above-ground where protected
from direct sunlight, for water supply, buried drainage, sewerage, treated wastewater and irrigation
under pressure. This document is applicable to double sockets, repair couplings, reducers and to non-
end load bearing elbows only. This document is not applicable to tees, flange adaptors, etc.
NOTE For double sockets, repair couplings, and reducers there are no special fittings designs for end-load
bearing applications. However, restrained gaskets can be used for end-load bearing applications. In this case, the
requirements of ISO 16422-5 are applicable.
This document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document.
In conjunction with ISO 16422-1 and ISO 16422-5, this document is applicable to oriented PVC-O pipes
with or without an integral socket, intended to be used for the following:
a) water mains and services lines;
b) conveyance of water for both outside and inside buildings;
c) drainage, sewerage and treated wastewater under pressure;
d) irrigation under pressure.
This document is applicable to piping systems intended for the supply of water under pressure up to
and including 25 °C (cold water), intended for human consumption and for general purposes as well as
for wastewater under pressure.
This document is also applicable to components for the conveyance of water and wastewater up to and
including 45 °C. For temperatures between 25 °C and 45 °C, ISO 16422-2, Figure C.1 applies.
The piping system according to this document is intended for the conveyance of cold water up to
1)
pressure of 25 bar and especially in those applications where special performance requirements are
needed, such as impact loads and pressure fluctuations, up to pressure of 25 bar.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
2)
ISO 16422-1:—, Pipes and joints made of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) for the
conveyance of water under pressure — Part 1: General
5 2
1) 1 bar =0,1 MPa=10 Pa; 1 MPa= 1 N/mm
2) Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/DIS 16422-1:2023.
1
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---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
3)
ISO 16422-2:—, Pipes and joints made of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) for the
conveyance of water under pressure — Part 2: Pipes
4)
ISO 16422-5:—, Pipes and joints made of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) for the
conveyance of water under pressure — Part 5: Fitness for purpose of the system
ISO 161-1, Thermoplastics pipes for the conveyance of fluids — Nominal outside diameters and nominal
pressures — Part 1: Metric series
ISO 1167-1, Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids — Determination of
the resistance to internal pressure — Part 1: General method
ISO 1167-2, Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids — Determination of
the resistance to internal pressure — Part 2: Preparation of pipe test pieces
ISO 1167-3, Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids — Determination of
the resistance to internal pressure — Part 3: Preparation of components
ISO 1183-1, Plastics — Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics — Part 1: Immersion
method, liquid pycnometer method and titration method
ISO 2505, Thermoplastics pipes — Longitudinal reversion — Test method and parameters
ISO 2507-1, Thermoplastics pipes and fittings — Vicat softening temperature — Part 1: General test method
ISO 3126, Plastics piping systems — Plastics components — Determination of dimensions
ISO 4633, Rubber seals — Joint rings for water supply, drainage and sewerage pipelines — Specification for
materials
ISO 6259-1, Thermoplastics pipes — Determination of tensile properties — Part 1: General test method
ISO 6259-2, Thermoplastics pipes — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Pipes made of
unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O), chlorinated
poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-C) and high-impact poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-HI)
ISO 7686, Plastics pipes and fittings — Determination of opacity
ISO 9080, Plastics piping and ducting systems — Determination of the long-term hydrostatic strength of
thermoplastics materials in pipe form by extrapolation
ISO 9852, Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes — Dichloromethane resistance at specified
temperature (DCMT) — Test method
ISO 18373-1, Rigid PVC pipes — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method — Part 1: Measurement of
the processing temperature
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16422-1 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3) Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/DIS 16422-2:2023.
4) Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/DIS 16422-5:2023.
2
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---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
3.1
PVC-O fitting
fitting of oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O) made from stretching PVC-U preforms
under certain conditions which improve its mechanical behaviour
Note 1 to entry: This means that fittings made from different components are excluded from the scope of this
document.
3.2
laying length socketed outlet
Z-length
distance from the inserted tube or spigot end to the intersection point of the fitting/valve axis (fitting
or valve centre)
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.1]
3.3
laying length spigot outlet
Z-length
distance from the outlet end to the intersection point of the fitting/valve axis (fitting or valve centre)
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.2]
3.4
laying length socket with parallel outlets
Z-length
distance between the ends of the inserted tubes or spigots
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.3]
3.5
laying length one socket and one spigot with parallel outlets
Z-length
distance from the inserted tube or spigot end to the end of the spigot outlet
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.4]
3.6
design length of bends
Z-length
length of an outlet, excluding any socket length or insert length of spigot
[SOURCE: ISO 1452-3:2009, 3.1.5]
3.7
lower confidence limit of the predicted hydrostatic pressure
p
LPL
quantity with the dimension of pressure, which represents the 97,5 % (one sided) lower confidence
4 Symbols
C overall service design coefficient
D measured outside diameter before testing
e,meas,1
D measured outside diameter after testing
e,meas.2
d outside diameter (at any point)
e
d mean outside diameter
em
3
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---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
d inside diameter (at any point)
i
d mean inside diameter of socket
im
d nominal (outside or inside) diameter
n
e wall thickness (at any point)
e mean wall thickness
m
e mean wall thickness before testing
m,1
e mean wall thickness after testing
m,2
e nominal wall thickness
n
f derating (or uprating) factor for application
A
f derating factor for temperatures
T
K K-value
l length of socket
s
l maximum length of socket
s,max
l minimum length of spigot
1,min
m minimum depth of engagement
min
MRP minimum required pressure capability of the fitting is the value of the p at 20 °C for 50
LPL
years rounded to the nearest 0,01 bar
PFA allowable operating pressure
PN nominal pressure
p internal hydrostatic pressure
p test pressure
T
r bend radius
r minimum bend radius
min
S calculated preferred value of the nominal S series number of the pipe from according to
calc
ISO 4065:2019, Table 2.
Z design length connecting part double socket
c
Z minimum design length connecting part double socket
c,min
Z design laying length
d
Z minimum design laying length
,d,min
Z design length reducing part
r
Z minimum design length reducing part
r,min
α bend angle
4
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---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
β minimum angle chamfer
λ axial orientation factor
a
λ circumferential orientation factor
c
ρ density
σ hydrostatic stress
σ lower predicted confidence limit
LPL
σ design stress
s
NOTE The MRP is related to the PN by means of the overall safety coefficient, C:
MRP
PN=
C
5 Material
5.1 General
The material from which the pipes are made shall conform to ISO 16422-1 and to the requirements
given in 5.2 and 5.3.
5.2 Density
The density, ρ, at 23 °C of the pipe, when measured in accordance with ISO 1183-1, shall be within the
following limits:
1 350 < ρ < 1 460
3
where ρ is measured in kg/m .
5.3 Orientation factor
The circumferential orientation factor shall be declared by the manufacturer with a minimum value of
1,5.
The orientation factor shall be measured in accordance with Annex B and specified by the manufacturer
to be within –5 % and +15 % deviation from the declared values
6 General characteristics
6.1 Appearance
When viewed without magnification, the internal and external surfaces of pipes shall be smooth, clean
and free from scoring, cavities and other surface defects to an extent that would prevent conformity to
this document. The material shall not contain any impurities visible without magnification. The ends of
the fitting shall be cut cleanly and square to the axis of the fitting ends.
6.2 Colour
The colour of the fittings shall be uniform throughout the wall.
5
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
The preferred colour of fittings shall be as follows:
a) for water supply, cream, blue, white or white with blue striping;
b) for irrigation under pressure, blue, white or white with blue stripping;
c) for pressurized drainage and sewerage, grey, brown or white with brown stripes;
d) for treated wastewater, purple.
NOTE Attention is drawn to the fact that the colouring of pipes for the supply of water for human consumption
can be covered by national regulations.
6.3 Opacity
If a fitting is required to be opaque for use in above-ground applications, the wall of the fitting shall
transmit not more than 0,2 % of visible light falling on it when tested in accordance with ISO 7686.
6.4 Classification of fittings
Fittings shall be classified to their nominal pressure, PN, and declared by the manufacturer.
The PN classification shall be established according to Annex A by means of the long-term pressure
strength determination.
7 Geometrical characteristics
7.1 Design lengths, bend radii and angles
The relevant dimensions are shown in Figure C.1 (elbows), Figure C.2 (reducers) and Figure C.3 (double
sockets) and shall be specified by the manufacturer in accordance with the requirements given in 7.2 to
7.4. Annex C gives recommended values. For other dimensions, the geometries of ISO 1452-3:2010, 6.7
are recommended.
7.2 Measurement of dimensions
Dimensions shall be measured in accordance with ISO 3126.
7.3 Nominal outside diameters and wall thickness
The nominal outside diameter of fittings with spigot end shall be in accordance with ISO 161-1.
The nominal (minimum) wall-thickness shall be calculated to fulfil the pressure requirements as
defined in Table 1 and shall not be lower than the nominal (minimum) wall-thickness for SDR 41 as
defined in ISO 16422-2:—, Table 2.
NOTE The SDR 41 requirement is introduced to safeguard an appropriate ring stiffness performance of the
fitting.
7.4 Fittings with integral sockets with elastomeric sealing ring type
Fittings with integral sockets shall be in accordance with ISO 16422-2:—, 7.4.
For spigots, l shall be declared. For the sockets, l , and m shall be declared
1,min s max min
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ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
8 Pressure and operating temperature
8.1 Selection of nominal pressure for water up to and including 25 °C
The PN rating of PVC-O fittings shall be equal to or higher than the PN of the pipes to be used in the
pipeline.
8.2 Determination of the allowable operating pressure for water up to 45 °C
The allowable operating pressure, PFA, for temperatures up to and including 25 °C shall be equal to the
nominal pressure, PN.
To determine the allowable operating pressure, PFA, for temperatures between 25 °C and 45 °C, a
supplementary derating factor, f , shall be applied to the nominal pressure, PN, as given in Formula (2):
T
PFA = f × PN (2)
T
This factor is given in ISO 16422-2:—, Figure C.1.
NOTE Another derating factor, f , can be used, taking account of the application. Normally, f equals 1. For
A A
other values, see related installation documents, e.g. ISO/TR 4191.
9 Mechanical characteristics — Resistance to hydrostatic pressure
The mechanical strength of the fitting as a single component of a piping system shall be verified by the
application of internal pressure tests.
When tested in accordance with ISO 1167-3, using end cap type B and the test parameters given in
Table 1, the fitting or parts of the fitting shall conform to the requirements given in Table 1 for the
declared PN.
Table 1 — Resistance of fittings to internal pressure
Test parameters
b
Pressure of the test No. of
Test
Character- Require-
Temp Time
Type test
c
istic ment
bar
method
of test piec-
°C h
PN 12,5 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25 es
20 26,2 33,1 41,6 52,3 10 ISO 1167-1,
Short- and No failure Water
ISO 1167-
a
long-term during the in 1
2 and
20 23,4 29,5 37,0 46,6 1 000
strength test water
ISO 1167-3
a
The number of test pieces required for factory production control and process control should be listed in the
manufacturer’s quality plan.
b
The basis for the calculated pressures are as shown in the specified hoop stress in ISO 16422-1:—, Table 1, using e for
n
C = 1,6.
c 5 2
1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 10 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm .
10 Physical characteristics
When tested in accordance with the test methods as specified in Table 1 using the indicated parameters,
the pipe shall have physical characteristics conforming to the requirements given in Table 2.
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ISO/DTS 16422-3:2023(E)
Table 2 — Physical characteristics
Characte
...
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