ISO/TR 18828-1:2018
(Main)Industrial automation systems and integration — Standardized procedures for production systems engineering — Part 1: Overview
Industrial automation systems and integration — Standardized procedures for production systems engineering — Part 1: Overview
This document describes the framework of the ISO 18828 series in seamless production planning. The following are within the scope of this document: — general overview of the framework of the ISO 18828 series: — quintessential description of each part; — inter-relational aspects and appliance of the framework. The following are outside the scope of this document: — detailed process descriptions; — detailed data flows; — detailed KPIs; — detailed data models; — in-depth discussion of the parts of the ISO 18828 series.
Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Procédures normalisées pour l'ingénierie des systèmes de production — Partie 1: Aperçu général
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 18828-1
First edition
2018-07
Industrial automation systems
and integration — Standardized
procedures for production systems
engineering —
Part 1:
Overview
Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Procédures
normalisées pour l'ingénierie des systèmes de production —
Partie 1: Aperçu général
Reference number
ISO/TR 18828-1:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018
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ISO/TR 18828-1:2018(E)
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ISO/TR 18828-1:2018(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 1
4 Overview and context of the individual parts of the ISO 18828 series .1
4.1 Overview of ISO 18828-2 . 1
4.2 Overview of ISO 18828-3 . 2
4.3 Overview of ISO 18828-4 . 3
4.4 Overview of ISO 18828-5 . 4
5 Application of the ISO 18828 framework . 5
5.1 General . 5
5.2 Use case 1: Benchmark of product life-cycle management software functionality
based on planning processes . 5
5.3 Use case 2: Evaluation of planning process performance in automotive prototyping . 6
5.4 Use case 3: Change management between shop floor and planning . 6
Annex A (informative) Domain and life-cycle context . 7
Bibliography . 8
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ISO/TR 18828-1:2018(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Automation systems and integration,
Subcommittee SC 4, Industrial data.
A list of all parts in the ISO 18828 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
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ISO/TR 18828-1:2018(E)
Introduction
The ISO 18828 series addresses standardized procedures for production systems engineering.
A production planner can be a major beneficiary of a framework which approaches aspects such as
production processes, information flows, key performance indicators (KPIs) and manufacturing
changes. The composition of the ISO 18828 series at the time of publication is illustrated in Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Composition of the ISO 18828 series
Each part of the ISO 18828 series stands as a single document and can be understood in the context of
its content without the other parts. However, ISO 18828-2, ISO 18828-3 and ISO 18828-4 are closely
linked and there is added value in implementing them together. Annex A illustrates the domain and life-
cycle context of the ISO 18828 series.
Figure 2 shows possible links and relations in between each part of ISO 18828 and their basic
information flows. The overall recipient of all ISO 18828 activities is given within the standardized
procedures for production systems engineers. Planning process information is the main outcome for
production systems engineers derived from ISO 18828-2. However, planning process information can
be seen as input to information flows (ISO 18828-3) and KPIs (ISO 18828-4) respectively. Data flows
derive from information flows (ISO 18828-3) and statistical data from KPIs (ISO 18828-4). Both
planning process information and statistical data can influence manufacturing change processes and
they are input to manufacturing change (ISO 18828-5). From there, change process information is
provided to the production system engineer in return.
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ISO/TR 18828-1:2018(E)
Figure 2 — Interrelations between the different parts of the ISO 18828 series
This document provides an overview of the ISO 18828 series:
— Clause 4 provides an overview of each part of the ISO 18828 series individually;
— Clause 5 describes the interrelations between the various parts of the ISO 18828 series and
industrial use cases are used to explain the generic appliance of the standardized parts:
ISO 18828-2, ISO 18828-3 and ISO 18828-4 are interrelated, whereas ISO 18828-5 provides details
on the manufacturing change process that can be understood not only within the scope of work of
production systems engineers, but also with respect to changes within whole production systems.
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TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 18828-1:2018(E)
Industrial automation systems and integration —
Standardized procedures for production systems
engineering —
Part 1:
Overview
1 Scope
This document describes the framework of the ISO 18828 series in seamless production planning.
The following are within the scope of this document:
— general overview of the framework of the ISO 18828 series:
— quintessential description of each part;
— inter-relational aspects and appliance of the framework.
The following are outside the scope of this document:
— detailed process descriptions;
— detailed data flows;
— detailed KPIs;
— detailed data models;
— in-depth discussion of the parts of the ISO 18828 series.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 18828-2, Industrial automation systems and integration — Standardized procedures for production
systems engineering — Part 2: Reference process for seamless production planning
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 18828-2 apply.
4 Overview and context of the individual parts of the ISO 18828 series
4.1 Overview of ISO 18828-2
ISO 18828-2 describes a reference planning process intended to establish a consistent understanding
of production planning processes in the life-cycle stage of production preparation. This reference
planning process is embedded between the product design process and the production process.
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ISO/TR 18828-1:2018(E)
The reference planning process consists of two dimensions, the first of which is the dimension of
planning disciplines. In order to identify the most important planning disciplines that can occur in
manufacturing companies, data from various companies indicate a main focus. Four distinct planning
disciplines are identified:
a) production;
b) assembly;
c) logistics;
d) layout planning.
Each process derived from these planning disciplines traverses all product design phases, and the
product phases constitute the second dimension of the reference planning process. The reference
planning process extends from the later stages of product design phases to the production phase. In
the stage of production preparation, ISO 18828-2 identifies four different maturity-level related phases:
— the concept planning phase;
— the rough planning phase;
— the detailed planning phase;
— a subsequent optimization phase that reaches into the early production stages of the product
life-cycle.
Based on two dimensions, i.e. planning discipline and maturity level, the reference planning process
contains for each intersection a distinct, generic process step. Each process step includes a function,
incoming information, controlling information and outgoing information. The structure follows a
hierarchical approach: the interrelations at the higher levels occur rather densely, whereas the detailed
levels resolve to clear process flow charts.
The detailed process models represented in ISO 18828-2 express and implement a uniform designation
of input, control and output parameters involved in the production planning process and reflect the
structuring of the planning process. Systematic narrowing of the scope under consideration of the basis
of the planning dimensions, i.e. planning disciplines and maturity levels, permits a clear overview of
the interfaces between processes and possible grouping effects. This representation can enable, for
example, methodological and technical process chain support.
The main focus of ISO 18828-2 is on the detailed introduction of the focused planning disciplines with
regard to maturity levels, as well as comprehensive, common patterns used to increase understanding.
In addition, elaborative figures provide a graphical explanation of the process flows for each process
level. An informative summary of the level structure precedes the detailed sector descriptions and
conveys a clear and transparent picture of the overall structure of content, purpose and application of
the document.
4.2 Overview of ISO 18828-3
ISO 18828-3 specifies the main information flows in production planning. These information flows
derive from process steps identified in the context of the reference planning process. However, each
flow stands alone and therefore can be regarded as an individual, isolated information flow, describing
necessary data flows for the main objective. The information flows originate from the reference
planning process. They represent an information-oriented view of the overall planning process and
take into account both the planning disciplines and planning phases and provide additional information
that focuses on the transparency of the flows. The process interfaces include the process phases, i.e.
conceptual, rough and detailed planning and the planning disciplines.
Within ISO 18828-3, identified planning disciplines are restricted to the most important, fundamental
planning disciplines found in many manufacturing companies. An introduction to planning disciplines
provides the main section of the reference planning process for seamless production planning
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ISO/TR 18828-1:2018(E)
(ISO 18828-2). In accordance with ISO 18828-2, the main information flows employ the same production
planning disciplines:
— manufacturing;
— assembly;
— logistics;
— layout planning.
ISO 18828-3 provides a general overview of the main information flows within the reference planning
process. It also describes the five identified main information flows and their distinct setup and process
models. Each information model takes all process interfaces that derive from the reference planning
process. They describe the total information exchange between the accompanying activities and the
type of data exchanged. In this respect, they resemble Unified Modelling Language (UML) activity
diagrams.
All information flows follow a basic pattern, which describes them uniformly. In addition, a detailed
description of each part of the information flow explains its purpose and the related data objects, as
well as the interconnection between the planning disciplines. All diagrams use a common state notation
structure. Next to the detailed description of the process parts of the information flows, an in-depth
explanation of each information object adds more substance to the involved entities.
Each information flow revolves around a specific flow object. Such a concentrated focus increases
the transparency of interactions and data flows for each object and thereby the benefits of the flow
itself. End users who have interest in a specific flow can easily check the entirety of their data and
traverse along their specific flow. Software providers can also benefit from the object/process oriented
approach. Defining inputs and outputs for each activity enables the rapid derivation of an initial rough
information flow. In addition, the function flow indirectly defines user interfaces, existing business and
application logic, and applicable programming environments.
The annexes include a proposal of checklists for benchmarking information objects and apply the
contents of ISO 18828-3 to a business case.
4.3 Overview of ISO 18828-4
ISO 18828-4 elaborates the usage of KPIs in t
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