ISO/PAS 50010:2023
(Main)Energy management and energy savings — Guidance for net zero energy in operations using an ISO 50001 energy management system
Energy management and energy savings — Guidance for net zero energy in operations using an ISO 50001 energy management system
This document gives guidance on the use of an energy management system (EnMS) in accordance with ISO 50001:2018 to achieve net zero energy (NZE), and supports the achievement of net zero carbon (NZC) and other sustainability goals. It describes how to establish an enhanced EnMS designed to achieve: a) improvement of operational and maintenance practices based on NZE principles; b) integration of renewable energy into operations and maintenance; c) planning for facilities, systems, equipment or processes to implement NZE and NZC. This document does not apply to technologies, design or construction. The technical specification of passive, active or renewable energy for NZE or NZC is also not included because of different regional conditions by countries.
Management de l'énergie et économies d'énergie — Recommandations pour zéro énergie nette dans le cadre des opérations utilisant un système de management de l'énergie ISO 50001
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
PUBLICLY ISO/PAS
AVAILABLE 50010
SPECIFICATION
First edition
2023-01
Energy management and energy
savings — Guidance for net zero
energy in operations using an
ISO 50001 energy management
system
Management de l'énergie et économies d'énergie —
Recommandations pour zéro énergie nette dans le cadre des
opérations utilisant un système de management de l'énergie
ISO 50001
Reference number
ISO/PAS 50010:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
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ISO/PAS 50010:2023(E)
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ISO/PAS 50010:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Terms related to net zero . 1
3.2 Terms related to net zero energy operation . 3
4 EnMS implementation for NZE .5
4.1 General . 5
4.2 Scope and boundaries for NZE . 5
4.3 NZE plans . 7
4.3.1 General . 7
4.3.2 NZE policy as part of an organization’s energy plan . 8
4.4 Defining the energy or carbon-emission goals . 9
4.4.1 General . 9
4.4.2 Energy management system . 9
4.4.3 Renewable energy . 10
4.5 Selecting zero energy performance indicators . 11
4.6 Defining future-year goals . 13
4.7 Data collection plan . 14
4.8 Planning to account year to year variability . 15
5 Improving organization operation and maintenance for NZE or NZC .15
5.1 General . 15
5.2 Effective operation and maintenance . 15
5.3 Control technology . 16
6 Integration of renewable energy .16
6.1 Consideration of renewable off-site energy . 16
6.1.1 General . 16
6.1.2 Renewable resources acquired by the organization . 17
6.1.3 Renewable energy resources on the grid . 17
6.2 Utilizing energy provider inducements to change energy use — Demand response . 17
6.3 Renewable grid connection . 18
Annex A (informative) Relationship between NZE design, construction and operation .19
Annex B (informative) NZE overview for implementation .20
Bibliography .26
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ISO/PAS 50010:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
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on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
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www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 301, Energy management and energy
savings.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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ISO/PAS 50010:2023(E)
Introduction
0.1 General
This document shows how an organization that manages its energy performance can use that process
to achieve net zero energy (NZE). It explains what is meant by NZE and how an energy management
system (EnMS) in accordance with ISO 50001:2018 can be implemented to achieve, maintain and
improve NZE. It also considers the integration of renewable energy and issues around planning for NZE
in new and retrofitted facilities which is beyond the scope of ISO 50001. In addition, it is designed to
complement organizational action to achieve net zero carbon (NZC).
This document introduces several new concepts to the determination of whether a facility meets the
criteria it recommends for showing that it meets NZE or NZC goals. Many jurisdictions use the two
terms interchangeably, and others promote one goal over the other as discrete choices. This document
attempts to reconcile these definitions. It distinguishes between several different scopes and boundaries
for these different net zero goals and their targets, which are increasingly effective at reducing energy
and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and correspondingly more difficult to achieve. It suggests that an
EnMS be structured to allow continual improvement from lower targets to higher ones.
A number of countries around the world have pledged to achieve a net zero goal, and many more have
[17]
committed to significant energy savings and carbon reductions in their societies. Meeting these
commitments over the coming decades requires accelerated improvements in energy management.
Many organizations are undertaking specific actions to reduce their carbon emissions by better
management of energy, including targeting NZE. These actions may include:
— measuring, managing and minimizing energy use to achieve NZE through operations;
— designing and constructing new buildings or other facilities to meet a target of NZE;
— retrofitting existing buildings to improve their performance toward or beyond NZE;
— integration of renewable energy, e.g. photovoltaics (PVs), solar water heating, geothermal energy,
on-site wind turbines;
— coordinating robust energy management with other sustainability initiatives, to achieve or surpass
NZC.
This document shows how an EnMS can include objectives such as specified levels of NZE and NZC.
The EnMS conforms to ISO 50001:2018. This document recommends establishing specific, quantifiable
targets for energy consumption that can serve as a pathway to NZE. Use of this document should enable
closer harmonization of claims of NZE within and between organizations, and across regions and
nations.
By following the standardized approach provided, the organization can take advantage of common
resources (e.g. software) to produce reliable and documentable processes and results, and of the basic
structure this document provides in developing its own management system.
This document provides flexibility for organizations to determine their own scope, boundaries
and calculation methodology for calculating net energy consumption, and for setting a pathway
towards NZE. It does not discuss how to measure non-energy-related GHG impacts; for these, see
ISO 14064-2:2019 and ISO 14067:2018.
This document recognizes that energy targets and calculation methods are chosen by the organization
to be specific to its situation and can be determined outside the organization (e.g. by governments
or consequent upon a GHG-calculation methodology). For situations when the measurement and
calculations are developed by the organization itself, this document includes a high-level set of
recommendations based on global best practice.
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ISO/PAS 50010:2023(E)
0.2 NZE goals are being increasingly adopted
NZE is a key indicator for an organization wishing to demonstrate leadership in energy management
and sustainable development. It is applicable for buildings, industries and other sectors. It may also be
measured at the organizational, district or city level. The buildings sector has been the first to accept
NZE concepts widely, but there are also NZE industrial facilities. To achieve NZE goals, buildings can
use mandatory NZE codes. Meeting challenging targets requires industry to consider residual energy
[14]
use.
The global market for NZE buildings and industries is exhibiting rapid compound annual growth,
spurred on in part by legislation or pledges at the local, national or supranational level (see, for example,
[13]
EU Directive 2018/844 ).
However, if these ambitious targets are to be met, a wide range of users including, but not limited
to, energy service providers, building occupants, industrial managers, energy efficiency experts and
government agencies require a common understanding of NZE and the use of standardized processes
(such as those provided by this document) for targeting, measuring and maintaining it.
NOTE “Net zero building” is abbreviated as either “NZE building” or “NZC building”.
This document aims to meet these needs and uses the EnMS goal of continual improvement, as required
by ISO 50001, to harmonize definitions and claims in the context of improving from one target to the
next over time. It also allows facilities that find it impractical to reach NZE in the short term to show
how close they come to achieving it, and to demonstrate how they choose to approach NZE over time.
0.3 Importance of an energy management system to achieve NZE
In a typical building’s life cycle, the operation and maintenance (O&M) phase (as shown in Figure 1)
[15]
is more than 80 % of the total life-cycle energy consumption of that building and plant. Thus,
good energy management is critical to the life-cycle energy consumption of a building. As energy
management improves as recommended by this document, it is likely that net energy consumption
during operation declines dramatically, while energy consumption in other parts of the life cycle stays
constant or declines by a smaller percentage. Thus, the non-operational energy impacts over the life
cycle become relatively more important. That is one reason why that this document addresses these
effects along with operational energy consumption, particularly when the energy targets are intended
to be met in future years when energy performance is improved, and renewable energy production is
increased.
Figure 1 — Total life cycle energy use of an organization
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ISO/PAS 50010:2023(E)
0.4 Contents of this document
Clause 4 provides a high-level introduction to the goals and processes of meeting different defined NZE
targets, which are linked to each other by the process of continual improvement as part of an EnMS.
It discusses how renewable energy should be treated in NZE demonstrations. It looks at how to select
the most appropriate energy performance indicators (EnPIs) within an EnMS that can then be used
to monitor progress towards achieving, maintaining and reaching higher levels of NZE (including
NZC) over future years. The clause also considers how to develop a data collection plan, and ways of
accounting for year-to-year variability, especially where renewable energy generation varies with
weather conditions. The explanations of the rationales for the recommendation for NZE are provided
in Annex B.
The additional NZE targets, which go beyond many existing definitions of NZE, are variants on
the principle of NZC. In this document, “carbon” is used in a variety of terms (e.g. carbon footprint,
carbon neutral) as carbon dioxide (CO ) to represent GHG emissions and CO equivalent, which is a
2 2
unit of measurement for global warming effect. This document develops these recommendations on
the effective O&M with renewable energy and how it is integrated into an EnMS. It highlights demand
response as a way of matching energy consumption with available renewable energy in Clauses 5 and 6.
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PUBLICLY AVAILABLE SPECIFICATION ISO/PAS 50010:2023(E)
Energy management and energy savings — Guidance for
net zero energy in operations using an ISO 50001 energy
management system
1 Scope
This document gives guidance on the use of an energy management system (EnMS) in accordance with
ISO 50001:2018 to achieve net zero energy (NZE), and supports the achievement of net zero carbon
(NZC) and other sustainability goals. It describes how to establish an enhanced EnMS designed to
achieve:
a) improvement of operational and maintenance practices based on NZE principles;
b) integration of renewable energy into operations and maintenance;
c) planning for facilities, systems, equipment or processes to implement NZE and NZC.
This document does not apply to technologies, design or construction. The technical specification of
passive, active or renewable energy for NZE or NZC is also not included because of different regional
conditions by countries.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 50001:2018, Energy management systems — Requirements with guidance for use
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 50001:2018 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Terms related to net zero
3.1.1
net zero
state in which a quantity of a commodity with one attribute is balanced by the same quantity of the
commodity with a different attribute
Note 1 to entry: The commodity can be physical (e.g. water), a waste, a by-product (e.g. greenhouse gas emissions)
or a form of energy.
Note 2 to entry: Net zero can be applied within specified net zero energy target boundaries (3.1.7) over a defined
period of time.
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ISO/PAS 50010:2023(E)
3.1.2
net zero energy
NZE
state in which a quantity of energy consumption is balanced by the same quantity of clean renewable
energy (3.2.2) generated
Note 1 to entry: The energy consumed can be in the form of a fuel such as gas, oil or coal, or a medium such as
electricity, steam or heat.
Note 2 to entry: NZE can be applied within specified NZE target boundaries (3.1.7) over a defined period of time.
3.1.3
net zero carbon
NZC
state in which a quantity of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is balanced by the same quantity of GHG
removals
Note 1 to entry: Where GHGs (3.2.8) take the form of different gases (such as CO , CH , N O, F-gases or SF ) they
2 4 2 6
can be converted to a common unit such as tonnes of CO e using their global warming potential.
2
Note 2 to entry: NZC can be applied within boundaries specified by the organization over a defined period of
time.
Note 3 to entry: The GHG removals can be achieved by clean renewable energy (3.2.2) generation.
Note 4 to entry: This document uses the term “net zero carbon” to mean net zero GHG emissions, following
common practice among net zero energy practitioners. The difference between CO and GHGs can be small or
2
negligible for buildings but can be significant for industrial facilities.
3.1.4
energy independence rate
EIR
rate of energy generation compared with energy consumption within the same net zero energy target
boundaries (3.1.7)
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed as a percentage.
3.1.5
zero energy performance indicator
zEnPI
indicator which trends to or is equal to zero for net zero energy (NZE) (3.1.2) or net zero carbon (3.1.3)
Note 1 to entry: zEnPI can be a ratio or rate between renewable energy (3.2.1) and delivered energy (3.2.4) within
specified NZE target boundaries (3.1.7) over a defined period of time.
Note 2 to entry: zEnPI can be normalized (3.2.9) energy use (e.g. renewable energy consumption per unit of
output).
Note 3 to entry: zEnPIs do not replace the energy performance indicators for the energy management system and
can be used in defining the zEnPI, e.g. zEnPI is normalized energy consumption (kWh) minus renewable energy
produced (kWh).
3.1.6
NZE target
net zero energy target
quantifiable objective of net zero energy (NZE) (3.1.2)
Note 1 to entry: The quantifiable objective of NZE is the zero energy performance indicator (zEnPI) value, which
is = 0 based on the definition of zEnPI (3.1.5).
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ISO/PAS 50010:2023(E)
3.1.7
NZE target boundaries
net zero energy target boundaries
physical or organizational limits within which an NZE target (3.1.6) is assessed
EXAMPLE A process, a group of processes, a site, multiple sites under the control of an organization, an
entire organization.
Note 1 to entry: The organization defines its NZE target boundaries.
3.2 Terms related to net zero energy operation
3.2.1
renewable energy
energy not depleted by extraction as it is replenished at a rate equal to or faster than it is extracted
Note 1 to entry: Renewable energy excludes recovered or wasted energy.
Note 2 to entry: Organic fraction of municipal waste can be considered as a renewable energy.
Note 3 to entry: Whether the energy stored in a technical system is renewable or not depends upon the nature of
the original energy.
Note 4 to entry: Criteria to categorize an energy source as renewable can differ amongst jurisdictions, based on
local environmental or other reasons.
[SOURCE: ISO 50007:2017, 3.38, modified — “naturally” deleted before “replenished” and “equal to or”
added before “faster” in the definition.]
3.2.2
clean renewable energy
renewable energy (3.2.1) whose direct or indirect emissions of greenhouse gas (GHG) (3.2.8), other gases
with adverse impacts on human health, water pollutants, or other toxic releases, and whose impacts on
ecosystems are substantially lower than those of fossil fuels
Note 1 to entry: Geothermal energy that releases high levels of SO gases to the atmosphere does not qualify
2
under this definition.
Note 2 to entry: Wood pellet or solid wood combustion does not qualify if the GHG emissions associated with
producing the wood-derived fuels are not substantially lower than those from gas-fired generation.
[SOURCE: ISO 50007:2017, 3.38, modified — “fossil fuels” replaced “conventional alternatives such as
gas-fired generation” in the definition. “wood-derived fuels are not substantially lower than those from
gas-fired generation” replaced “wood are similar to those of coal on the basis of a megajoule of fuel” in
Note 2 to entry.]
3.2.3
off-site energy
energy (such as electricity and heat) necessary for the organization and originating from outside the
organization’s boundary
Note 1 to entry: Off-site energy is one of the energy production and supply methods to achieve net zero energy
(3.1.2).
Note 2 to entry: On-site energy generation is a method of supplying and producing energy within the boundary
of the site.
Note 3 to entry: The electricity generated is delivered to the grid first.
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ISO/PAS 50010:2023(E)
3.2.4
delivered energy
energy arriving at the boundaries of an organization
[SOURCE: ISO 50047:2016, 3.3, modified — Note 1 to entry deleted.]
3.2.5
primary energy
energy that has not been subjected to any conversion or transformation process
Note 1 to entry: Primary energy can be either a non-renewable or a renewable energy (3.2.1), or a combination of
both.
[SOURCE: ISO 50047:2016, 3.17]
3.2.6
embodied energy
energy consumed in the processes associated with the production, transportation, installation and
assembly of materials, products and services through their lifecycle
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-3:2017, 3.7.6, modified — “total of all the” deleted before “energy” and
“transportation, installation and assembly of materials, products and services through their lifecycle”
replaced “of materials and products” in the definition.]
3.2.7
demand response
ability of an organization consuming energy to respond to a trigger by lowering or raising their power
consumption temporarily
Note 1 to entry: The trigger may be from a utility system operator, load-serving entity, regional transmission
organization/independent system operator or other entity.
Note 2 to entry: The trigger may be a reliability trigger or a price trigger.
Note 3 to entry: Demand response is a temporary change in energy consumption, sometimes with a decrease in
service level (e.g. less comfortable climate, non-optimal lighting).
3.2.8
greenhouse gas
GHG
gaseous constituent of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic, that absorbs and emits
radiation at specific wavelengths within the spectrum of infrared radiation emitted by the Earth’s
surface, the atmosphere and clouds
Note 1 to entry: For a list of GHGs, see the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Report.
Note 2 to entry: Water vapour and ozone are anthropogenic as well as natural GHGs, but are not included as
recognized GHGs due to difficulties, in most cases, in isolating the human-induced component of global warming
attributable to their presence in the atmosphere.
[SOURCE: ISO 14064-1:2018, 3.1.1]
3.2.9
normalize
modify data to account for changes to enable comparison of energy performance under equivalent
conditions
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ISO/PAS 50010:2023(E)
4 EnMS implementation for NZE
4.1 General
This document should be used by the management of a facility or an organization with multiple facilities
in the context of the implementation of an EnMS based on ISO 50001:2018. It is also recommended
that the EnMS follow the guidance in ISO 50004:2020. This document describes how to extend the
organization’s EnMS to achieve net zero outcomes for energy or carbon emissions.
It recommends the organization develop and implement an energy plan to achieve one or more specific
quantitative targets for net energy consumption. These can take into account the organization’s
situation such as size, region and goals to reduce emissions and possible use of renewable energy. The
energy targets can be expressed in absolute terms, relative terms or other metrics such as an energy
independence rate (EIR).
The organization should develop a multi-year strategy using its energy plan to meet progressively
more demanding targets (see 4.4). For the more ambitious goals, a Management System Standard
that parallels that of an EnMS should be established to continually improve performance in reducing
emissions of other GHGs than energy-related carbon dioxide whenever they are found to be significant.
4.2 Scope and boundaries for NZE
Before developing a plan to reach NZE, the organization should determine:
— the boundaries of the organization’s NZE target(s);
— the scope for NZE (see 4.6).
Where there is an EnMS based on ISO 50001:2018, or other EnMS, the NZE target boundaries may be
aligned with those of the EnMS. However, it is possible that the NZE target boundaries are different
than those of the EnMS. If they are different, this should be indicated in the documented information.
An organization’s EnMS boundaries can differ from its NZE target boundaries due to on-site energy
consumption or off-site renewable energy use.
EXAMPLE 1 An organization’s EnMS includes all its
...
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