ISO 19049:2016

Timber structures — Test method — Static load tests for horizontal diaphragms including floors and roofs

ISO 19049:2016 defines the test method for horizontal diaphragms including floors and horizontal and sloped roofs under static loads. This test method is designated to evaluate the static shear capacity of a typical segment of a diaphragm under applied static loads, and to evaluate the stiffness of the diaphragm assembly.

Structures en bois — Méthode d'essai — Essais de chargement statique pour les diaphragmes horizontaux incluant planchers et toitures

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 20-Apr-2016
• ICS: 91.080.20 - Timber structures
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 165 - Timber structures
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 165/WG 7 - Connections and assemblies
• Current Stage: 9093 - International Standard confirmed
• Completion Date: 25-Feb-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19049
First edition
2016-05-01
Timber structures — Test method
— Static load tests for horizontal
diaphragms including floors and roofs
Structures en bois — Méthode d’essai — Essais de chargement
statique pour les diaphragmes horizontaux incluant planchers et
toitures
Reference number
ISO 19049:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 19049:2016(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
[e-mail]
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 19049:2016(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols . 1
5 Requirements . 2
6 Test method . 2
6.1 Principle . 2
6.2 Apparatus . 2
6.2.1 General. 2
6.2.2 Test assembly . 3
6.2.3 Deformation measurement. 3
6.2.4 Load measurement . 3
6.3 Test specimens . 3
6.3.1 Conditioning . 3
6.3.2 Dimensions . 3
6.3.3 Sampling. 4
6.4 Test configuration . 4
6.4.1 Cantilever test . 4
6.4.2 Simple beam test . 5
6.5 Test procedure . 5
6.5.1 Determination of frame stiffness . 5
6.5.2 Test for complete diaphragm . 6
7 Calculation . 6
7.1 Ultimate shear strength . 6
7.2 Apparent shear stiffness . 6
8 Report . 7
Bibliography . 9
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 19049:2016(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 165, Timber structures, based on ASTM E 455.
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 19049:2016(E)

Introduction
Horizontal diaphragms including floors and roofs are integral parts of light-frame timber buildings to
show resistance against horizontal forces such as winds and earthquakes. Their characteristics such
as ultimate shear strength have great effects on the behaviour of timber buildings including horizontal
diaphragms as floors and/or roofs under winds or seismic loads.
Horizontal diaphragms are those structures which are widely used for timber buildings to form floors
and/or roofs. They behave as a simple beam or cantilever beams under horizontal loads caused by wind
or earthquake to transmit forces to the structures or structural members supporting them. Horizontal
diaphragms should have enough stiffness and strength that they do not undergo large deflection or
failures in parts of the structure.
The purpose of this International Standard is to measure the shear stiffness and strength of horizontal
diaphragms as one of the basic parameters to interpret the behaviour of diaphragms under horizontal
loads such as winds and earthquakes. The requirements are necessary to replicate the same conditions
as those for timber structures in the field. Loads can be applied to the specimen either by compression
or tension whichever is relevant.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved v

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19049:2016(E)
Timber structures — Test method — Static load tests for
horizontal diaphragms including floors and roofs
1 Scope
This International Standard defines the test method for horizontal diaphragms including floors and
horizontal and sloped roofs under static loads. This test method is designated to evaluate the static
shear capacity of a typical segment of a diaphragm under applied static loads, and to evaluate the
stiffness of the diaphragm assembly.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13061-2, Physical and mechanical properties of wood — Test methods for small clear wood specimens —
1)
Part 2: Determination of density for physical and mechanical tests
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
diaphragm
horizontal and sloped assembly of materials designated to transmit lateral forces to vertical resisting
elements or foundations through shear resistances in the plane of the construction
Note 1 to entry: A diaphragm is analogous to a horizontal deep beam composed of interconnected membrane
elements such as panels, sheathings, or claddings acting as the deep beam web, intermediate elements such as
joists or rafters acting as web stiffeners, and perimeter boundary elements such as girders or header joists acting
as deep beam chords.
4 Symbols
E modulus of elasticity of flange or web material, depending upon which material is held constant
in a transformed section analysis (MPa)
G′ apparent shear stiffness, which is shear stiffness of the diaphragm obtained from test (N/mm)
4
I moment of inertia of the transformed section of the diaphragm based on webs or flanges (mm )
L total span of a simply supported diaphragm (mm)
P concentrated load (N)
R maximum diaphragm reaction (N)
u
S ultimate shear strength of the diaphragm (N/m)
u
a span length of cantilever diaphragm (mm)
1) Replaces ISO 3131:1975.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 1

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ISO 19049:2016(E)

b depth of diaphragm (mm)
Δ bending deflection of diaphragm (mm)
b
Δ′ apparent total shear deformation of the diaphragm based on test, which includes both the pure
S
shear deformation and that contributed by distortion of the connection system (mm)
Δ total deflection of diaphragm (mm)
t
Δ deformation measured at points 1, 2, … (mm)
1,2…
5 Requirements
The materials used to construct diaphragm such as timbers, panels, sheathings, claddings, and fasteners
shall be, as far as possible, of the quality allowed by the relevant specification.
6 Test method
6.1 Principle
The lateral force applied to a horizontal diaphragm is resisted by in-plane shear capacity of the web
material of the diaphragm and transmitted to the supporting structures such as shear walls, columns,
beams, girders or foundations as shown in Figure 1. The diaphragm assembly, which is assumed to act
as a deep beam, spans between shear walls, moment frames, or other constructions that can furnish
...

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19049
First edition
Timber structures — Test method
— Static load tests for horizontal
diaphragms including floors and roofs
Structures en bois — Méthode d’essai — Essais de chargement
statique pour les diaphragmes horizontaux incluant planchers et
toitures
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO 19049:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 19049:2016(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
[e-mail]
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 19049:2016(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative reference(s) . 1
3 Terms and Definitions . 1
4 Symbols . 1
5 Requirements . 2
6 Test method . 2
6.1 Principle . 2
6.2 Apparatus . 2
6.2.1 General. 2
6.2.2 Test assembly . 3
6.2.3 Deformation measurement. 3
6.2.4 Load measurement . 3
6.3 Test specimens . 3
6.3.1 Conditioning . 3
6.3.2 Dimensions . 3
6.3.3 Sampling. 4
6.4 Test configuration . 4
6.4.1 Cantilever test . 4
6.4.2 Simple beam test . 5
6.5 Test procedure . 5
6.5.1 Determination of frame stiffness . 5
6.5.2 Test for complete diaphragm . 6
7 Calculation . 6
7.1 Ultimate shear strength . 6
7.2 Apparent shear stiffness . 6
8 Report . 7
Bibliography . 9
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE iii

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 19049:2016(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 165, Timber structures, based on ASTM E 455.
iv PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 19049:2016(E)

Introduction
Horizontal diaphragms including floors and roofs are integral parts of light-frame timber buildings to
show resistance against horizontal forces such as winds and earthquakes. Their characteristics such
as ultimate shear strength have great effects on the behaviour of timber buildings including horizontal
diaphragms as floors and/or roofs under winds or seismic loads.
Horizontal diaphragms are those structures which are widely used for timber buildings to form floors
and/or roofs. They behave as a simple beam or cantilever beams under horizontal loads caused by wind
or earthquake to transmit forces to the structures or structural members supporting them. Horizontal
diaphragms shall have enough stiffness and strength that they do not undergo large deflection or
failures in parts of the structure.
The purpose of this International Standard is to measure the shear stiffness and strength of horizontal
diaphragms as one of the basic parameters to interpret the behaviour of diaphragms under horizontal
loads such as winds and earthquakes. The requirements are necessary to replicate the same conditions
as those for timber structures in the field. Loads can be applied to the specimen either by compression
or tension whichever is relevant.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE v

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19049:2016(E)
Timber structures — Test method — Static load tests for
horizontal diaphragms including floors and roofs
1 Scope
This International Standard defines the test method for horizontal diaphragms including floors and
horizontal and sloped roofs under static loads. This test method is designated to evaluate the static
shear capacity of a typical segment of a diaphragm under applied static loads, and to evaluate the
stiffness of the diaphragm assembly.
2 Normative reference(s)
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13061-2, Physical and mechanical properties of wood — Test methods for small clear wood specimens —
1)
Part 2: Determination of density for physical and mechanical tests
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
diaphragm
horizontal and sloped assembly of materials designated to transmit lateral forces to vertical resisting
elements or foundations through shear resistances in the plane of the construction
Note 1 to entry: A diaphragm is analogous to a horizontal deep beam composed of interconnected membrane
elements such as panels, sheathings, or claddings acting as the deep beam web, intermediate elements such as
joists or rafters acting as web stiffeners, and perimeter boundary elements such as girders or header joists acting
as deep beam chords.
4 Symbols
E modulus of elasticity of flange or web material, depending upon which material is held constant
in a transformed section analysis (MPa)
G′ apparent shear stiffness, which is shear stiffness of the diaphragm obtained from test (N/mm)
4
I moment of inertia of the transformed section of the diaphragm based on webs or flanges (mm )
L total span of a simply supported diaphragm (mm)
P concentrated load (N)
R maximum diaphragm reaction (N)
u
S ultimate shear strength of the diaphragm (N/m)
u
a span length of cantilever diaphragm (mm)
1) Replaces ISO 3131:1975.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE 1

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 19049:2016(E)

b depth of diaphragm (mm)
Δ bending deflection of diaphragm (mm)
b
Δ′ apparent total shear deformation of the diaphragm based on test, which includes both the pure
S
shear deformation and that contributed by distortion of the connection system (mm)
Δ total deflection of diaphragm (mm)
t
Δ deformation measured at points 1, 2, … (mm)
1,2…
5 Requirements
The materials used to construct diaphragm such as timbers, panels, sheathings, claddings, and fasteners
shall be, as far as possible, of the quality allowed by the relevant specification.
6 Test method
6.1 Principle
The lateral force applied to a horizontal diaphragm is resisted by in-plane shear capacity of the web
material of the diaphragm and transmitted to the supporting structures such as shear walls, columns,
beams, girders or foundations as shown in Figure 1. The diaphragm assembly, which is assumed to act
as a deep beam, spans between shear walls, moment frames, or other constructions that can furnish
the end or intermediate reactions to the system. T
...