ISO 21262:2020
(Main)Industrial trucks — Safety rules for application, operation and maintenance
Industrial trucks — Safety rules for application, operation and maintenance
This document gives safety requirements for the application, operation, maintenance, transport, tow, assembly and storage of industrial trucks (hereafter referred to as trucks) as defined in ISO 5053‑1. It applies to the following truck types: a) counterbalance lift trucks; b) reach trucks (with retractable mast or retractable fork arm carriage); c) straddle trucks; d) pallet-stacking trucks; e) platform trucks; f) double stackers; g) side-loading trucks (one side only); h) lateral-stacking trucks (both sides), and lateral- and front-stacking trucks; i) order-picking trucks; j) bidirectional and multidirectional trucks; k) counterbalance container handlers; l) articulated counterbalance lift trucks; m) variable-reach trucks; n) pallet trucks; o) platform and stillage trucks; p) tractors with a drawbar pull up to and including 20 000 N; q) burden and personnel carriers; r) trucks powered by battery, diesel, gasoline or gas (e.g. LPG, CNG, LNG). Automated functions and driverless variants of the above list of trucks are also considered part of this scope.
Chariots de manutention — Règles de sécurité pour les applications, l'utilisation et la maintenance
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21262
First edition
2020-05
Industrial trucks — Safety rules
for application, operation and
maintenance
Chariots de manutention — Règles de sécurité pour les applications,
l'utilisation et la maintenance
Reference number
ISO 21262:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 21262:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 21262:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Basic requirements . 3
4.1 General requirements . 3
4.2 General requirements for the operator . 4
4.3 Training program . 4
4.4 Operating condition . 7
4.4.1 Travel surface . 7
4.4.2 Lighting . 7
4.4.3 Aisles and obstructions . 7
4.5 Pre-shift checks . 7
4.6 Travel requirements . 8
4.6.1 General requirements . 8
4.6.2 Driving in narrow aisles .10
4.6.3 Driving over bridge plates or dockboards .11
4.6.4 Driving in lift or elevator .11
4.6.5 Driving on slopes .11
4.6.6 Driving in containers .12
4.7 Load handling .12
4.7.1 General requirements .12
4.7.2 Picking up or depositing a load .13
4.7.3 Stacking loads .14
4.7.4 Handling of suspended and liquid loads .14
4.8 Parking the truck .15
5 Additional requirements according to truck type .15
5.1 Electric trucks .15
5.1.1 General requirement for all battery type .15
5.1.2 Requirement for flooded Lead-acid battery .16
5.1.3 Requirement for lithium ion .17
5.1.4 Requirement for fuel cell .17
5.2 IC trucks .17
5.3 Towing tractors and trucks with trailers .18
5.4 Pedestrian-controlled truck .19
5.5 Counterbalance lift trucks up to 10 000 kg capacity, side-loading trucks and
variable-reach trucks .20
5.6 Trucks with elevating operator position and trucks specifically designed to travel
with elevated loads .20
5.7 Trucks for handling containers .20
5.8 Low-lift order-picking trucks .20
5.9 Trucks operating in potentially explosive areas .21
6 Use of attachments on the truck.21
7 Transport, towing, assembly and storage of the truck .21
7.1 Transport of the truck .21
7.2 Towing of the truck .22
7.3 Assembly of the truck .22
7.4 Storage of the truck .22
8 Truck modification .23
9 Maintenance requirements .23
Annex A (informative) Special safety considerations .26
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 21262:2020(E)
Bibliography .29
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 21262:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 110, Industrial trucks, Subcommittee
SC 2, Safety of powered industrial trucks.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21262:2020(E)
Industrial trucks — Safety rules for application, operation
and maintenance
1 Scope
This document gives safety requirements for the application, operation, maintenance, transport, tow,
assembly and storage of industrial trucks (hereafter referred to as trucks) as defined in ISO 5053-1.
It applies to the following truck types:
a) counterbalance lift trucks;
b) reach trucks (with retractable mast or retractable fork arm carriage);
c) straddle trucks;
d) pallet-stacking trucks;
e) platform trucks;
f) double stackers;
g) side-loading trucks (one side only);
h) lateral-stacking trucks (both sides), and lateral- and front-stacking trucks;
i) order-picking trucks;
j) bidirectional and multidirectional trucks;
k) counterbalance container handlers;
l) articulated counterbalance lift trucks;
m) variable-reach trucks;
n) pallet trucks;
o) platform and stillage trucks;
p) tractors with a drawbar pull up to and including 20 000 N;
q) burden and personnel carriers;
r) trucks powered by battery, diesel, gasoline or gas (e.g. LPG, CNG, LNG).
Automated functions and driverless variants of the above list of trucks are also considered part of
this scope.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3691-1, Industrial trucks — Safety requirements and verification — Part 1: Self-propelled industrial
trucks, other than driverless trucks, variable-reach trucks and burden-carrier trucks
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 21262:2020(E)
ISO 3691-4, Industrial trucks — Safety requirements and verification — Part 4: Driverless industrial trucks
and their systems
ISO 5053-1, Industrial trucks — Terminology and classification — Part 1: Types of industrial trucks
ISO 5057, Industrial trucks — Inspection and repair of fork arms in service on fork-lift trucks
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5053-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
user
owner or hirer of trucks
3.2
operator
designated person, appropriately trained and authorized, who is responsible for the movement and
load handling of a truck
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the truck type, the operator can be riding on the truck, on foot accompanying
the truck (e.g. tiller-, cable-controlled) or remote from the truck (e.g. remote radio-controlled) or initiating
automatic/driverless operations.
Note 2 to entry: If a driverless truck, the operator shall be the person appropriately trained and authorized to
start automatic operation(s) of the truck.
3.3
hazard zone
danger zone
any space within and/or around machinery in which a person can be exposed to a hazard
Note 1 to entry: The zone which can be reached by goods, operating equipment or load carrying devices in the
process of lowering or falling also belongs to hazard zone.
Note 2 to entry: If a driverless truck system is in use, the areas in which the truck(s) operate may be classified as
operating, operating hazard or restricted.
[SOURCE: ISO 12100:2010, 3.11, modified — Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been added.]
3.4
trainer
person who conducts the training of the operator (3.2)
3.5
narrow aisle
traffic path for trucks where the limited distance between the outer parts of the truck including the
load and fixed parts of the environment (e.g. racking) is a hazard
3.6
automated function
movement for transport or positioning of the truck and/or load initiated by the operator (3.2) but not
requiring continued action by the operator
[SOURCE: ISO 24134:2006, 3.1]
2 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 21262:2020(E)
3.7
driverless truck
powered truck, designed to operate automatically to transport loads
Note 1 to entry: Driverless trucks can have a manual mode where all operations are under the control of an
operator (3.2).
[SOURCE: ISO 3691-4:2020, 3.7, modified — In the term, "industrial" has been omitted and Note 1 to
entry has been added.]
3.8
competent person
person who has acquired, through training, qualification, experience or a combination of these, the
knowledge and skill enabling that person to correctly perform the required tasks
[SOURCE: ISO 11525-1:2020, 3.4]
3.9
unattended
truck situation where the operator (3.2) is 7 m or more from the normal operating position and the
truck remains in the operator's view, or the operator leaves the truck and it is not in the operator's view
4 Basic requirements
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 The user shall specify and use the appropriate truck and equipment for the processes and
operating environment. The user shall ensure that all information plate(s) (e.g. capacity) and markings
are in place and are maintained in a legible condition.
4.1.2 The truck shall be used, operated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions.
4.1.3 Only trucks of types approved for use in potentially explosive atmospheres shall be used in those
environments.
4.1.4 If trucks are used in special areas, such as cold storage or public roads, additional requirements
can apply.
4.1.5 Additional measures or equipment for fire protection may be requested by the user of the truck
according to the environment(s) in which the truck is used.
4.1.6 The user shall ensure trucks used in work environments subject to hazard from static electrical
discharge are equipped with anti-static devices.
4.1.7 When damage, or other defects which affect safety on a truck or attachment, is detected, the
truck shall be taken out of service immediately. Trucks and attachments which are not safe to operate
shall not be put into service until they have been properly repaired.
NOTE It is considered good practice to place temporary warnings to trucks indicating they are not safe to
operate.
4.1.8 The user shall assess noise emissions to operator and other persons.
4.1.9 Except as in Clause 9, no person shall be permitted to stand or pass under the elevated part of
any truck, regardless of whether the truck is laden or unladen.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO 21262:2020(E)
4.1.10 Except as in Clause 9, no person shall allow any part of their body, such as arms, legs or head, to
be put between working parts of the truck (e.g. mast).
4.1.11 The user shall provide monitoring and controls of the operating environment to ensure the safety
of persons around the truck and the safe operation of truck (see Annex A).
4.1.12 The operator shall be trained in the operation of the truck including any attachments and any
automated functions, and shall operate according to the manufacturer’s operating instructions.
4.1.13 The operator shall be trained regarding their obligations and be familiar with all the safety
information including operating instructions of the truck.
4.1.14 The user shall designate the person(s) responsible for supervising truck operator(s). The person(s)
responsible for supervising powered truck operator(s) shall be trained in how to apply actions that:
— reinforce operator safety rules and practices; and
— correct unsafe operator behaviour or performance that does not conform to the requirements in 4.2.
4.1.15 The user shall not allow unauthorized persons to use the truck and shall take measures to
prevent this (e.g. instruction for the operator on how to leave the truck).
4.2 General requirements for the operator
4.2.1 The operator shall pay attention to the operating environment, including other persons, and
fixed or movable objects in the vicinity of the truck and truck travel path.
4.2.2 If the operator’s compartment floor height is 300 mm or higher, the operator shall use 3-point
contact, such as maintaining contact with one hand and two feet or two hands and one foot at all times,
when mounting or dismounting a truck. Keep hands free of items (e.g. food, beverage, tools, phones).
4.2.3 The operator shall always face the truck when getting on or off the truck.
4.2.4 The operator shall wear the protective equipment necessary for the specific type and operating
conditions of the truck (e.g. safety footwear).
4.2.5 When leaving the truck, except pedestrian-propelled trucks, the operator shall secure it against
unauthorized use.
4.2.6 Self-propelled trucks shall not be used to transport passengers unless they are specially equipped
for this purpose and the number of permissible passengers on the truck shall not be exceeded.
4.2.7 Before starting the truck, the operator shall ensure that there are no persons in the hazard zone.
When operating the truck, a warning signal shall be given if persons are in danger. The operator shall
stop operating the truck immediately if persons do not leave the hazard zone despite an appropriate
warning.
4.3 Training program
4.3.1 Personnel who have not been trained to operate powered trucks may operate a truck for the
purposes of training only, and only under the direct supervision of the trainer. This training should be
conducted in an area away from other trucks, obstacles, and pedestrians.
4 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO 21262:2020(E)
4.3.2 The training program shall emphasize safe and proper operation to avoid injury to the operator
and others and prevent property damage, and shall cover the following areas:
a) fundamentals of the powered truck(s) the trainee will operate, including:
— characteristics of the powered truck(s) and attachments, including variations between trucks
in the workplace;
— differences between automobiles and trucks;
— significance of nameplate data, including rated capacity, warnings, and the instructions affixed
to the truck;
— operating instructions and warnings in the manufacturer’s instruction handbook for the truck,
and instructions for inspection and maintenance to be performed by the operator;
— type of motive power and its traction characteristics;
— method of steering;
— braking method and characteristics, with and without load;
— visibility, with and without load, forward and reverse;
— load handling capacity, weight and load centre;
— stability characteristics with and without load, with and without attachments;
— controls – location, function, method of operation, identification of symbols;
— load handling capabilities, forks, attachments;
— hazards due to production of carbon monoxide by internal combustion engines and common
initial symptoms of exposure;
— refuelling and battery charging;
— guards and protective devices for the specific type of truck;
— other characteristics of the specific truck;
— what to do in an emergency (e.g. tip-over, off-dock);
— where installed, automated functions and their characteristics and basic operating principles;
— the procedure and sequence of operation for start-up and shut-down of the truck;
b) operating environment and its effect on truck operation including, as appropriate:
— floor or ground conditions including temporary conditions;
— ramps and inclines, with and without load;
— trailers, railcars and dockboards (including the use of wheel chocks, jacks, and other securing
devices);
— refuelling and battery charging facilities;
— the use of “classified” trucks in areas classified as hazardous due to risk of fire or explosion, as
appropriate;
— narrow aisles, doorways, overhead wires and piping, and other areas of limited clearance;
— areas where the truck may be operated near other powered trucks, other vehicles, or pedestrians;
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 5
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO 21262:2020(E)
— use and capacity of elevators;
— operation near edge of dock or edge of improved surface;
— other special operating conditions and hazards that can be encountered;
c) operation of the powered truck, including:
— preshift inspection and method for removing from operation a truck that is in need of repair;
— load handling techniques: lifting, lowering, picking up, placing, tilting;
— travelling, with and without loads; turning corners;
— parking and shutdown procedures;
— other special operating conditions for the specific application;
d) operating safety rules and practices including:
— provisions in Clauses 4 to 7 addressing operating safety rules and practices;
— provisions in Clauses 8 to 9 addressing care of the truck;
— other rules, regulations, or practices specified by the user at the location where the powered
truck will be used.
4.3.3 Operational training practice shall:
— if feasible, be conducted in an area separate from other workplace activities and personnel;
— be conducted under the supervision of the trainer;
— include the actual operation or simulated performance of all operating tasks such as load handling,
manoeuvring, travelling, stopping, starting, and other activities under the conditions that will be
encountered in the use of the truck.
4.3.4 The trainer shall have received appropriate training in instructional techniques and skills
assessment.
4.3.5 The trainer shall only give instruction on types of truck and attachments for which they have
been trained and successfully tested as operators. The trainer shall have experience to enable them to
put their instruction in context and have knowledge of the working environment in which the trainee
will be expected to operate.
4.3.6 Appropriate training records shall be kept.
4.3.7 Operators shall be retrained when new equipment is introduced, existing equipment is modified,
operating conditions are changed, or an operator’s performance is unsatisfactory (periodic retraining as
determined by the user).
4.3.8 Training shall be given on all types of trucks and attachments that the operator will be required
to operate. If the operator is subsequently required to operate another type of truck or attachment,
additional training shall be given.
NOTE Operators with some experience of trucks or relevant experience of similar vehicles can need less
extensive training than those with no experience. However, the value of such experience is best not overestimated.
6 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
ISO 21262:2020(E)
4.4 Operating condition
4.4.1 Travel surface
4.4.1.1 The operating area and travel surface for the truck shall conform to the specifications of the
truck manufacturer.
4.4.1.2 The travel surface of the operating area shall be sufficiently firm, level and free of obstructions.
If necessary, drain channels, railway crossings and other similar surfaces shall be covered with bridge
plates or dockboards.
4.4.1.3 The gradient on which the truck can operate shall not exceed the limits specified by the truck
manufacturer. Transitions at the upper and lower end of gradients shall be constructed to prevent the
load from touching the floor or causing damage to the truck.
4.4.1.4 The travel surface where narrow aisle trucks are used shall be flat, dry, horizontal, and free of
cracks or damage that would inhibit proper truck operation, and shall conform to the specifications of
the truck manufacturer.
4.4.1.5 There shall be adequate clearance between the truck, the load, and fixed object(s) of the
surrounding areas.
4.4.1.6 Hazard areas (e.g. blind intersections, pedestrian traffic areas, doorways) in the operating area
shall be secured or marked by appropriate signage.
4.4.2 Lighting
The truck shall only be operated in areas where lighting is adequate for the activity. Additional
equipment shall be required to operate the truck in areas of insufficient lighting.
4.4.3 Aisles and obstructions
4.4.3.1 Permanent aisles, roadways or passageways, floors, and ramps shall be clearly defined or marked.
NOTE National legislation can exist.
4.4.3.2 Permanent or temporary protrusions of loads, equipment, material, and construction facilities
into the usual operating area shall be guarded, clearly and distinctively marked, or clearly visible.
4.4.3.3 Where driverless trucks are operating, the permanent aisles, roadways or passageways, floors,
and ramps shall be marked in accordance with ISO 3691-4.
4.5 Pre-shift checks
4.5.1 Before operating the truck, the operator or a person designated by the user shall che
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.