ISO/TR 17185-2:2015
(Main)Intelligent transport systems — Public transport user information — Part 2: Public transport data and interface standards catalogue and cross references
Intelligent transport systems — Public transport user information — Part 2: Public transport data and interface standards catalogue and cross references
ISO/TR 17185-2:2015 compares and contrasts public transport standards that were developed by different regions and countries. It uses the CEN Transmodel classes as a reference to compare standard data concept descriptions of public transport user information. The purpose of this Technical Report is to understand the concepts described by existing standards and specifications that cover public transport passenger information.
Systèmes intelligents de transport — Informations destinées aux utilisateurs des transports publics — Partie 2: Données sur les transports publics, et catalogue des normes relatives aux interfaces et références croisées
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 17185-2
First edition
2015-12-01
Intelligent transport systems — Public
transport user information —
Part 2:
Public transport data and interface
standards catalogue and cross
references
Systèmes intelligents de transport — Informations destinées aux
utilisateurs des transports publics —
Partie 2: Données sur les transports publics, et catalogue des normes
relatives aux interfaces et références croisées
Reference number
ISO/TR 17185-2:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/TR 17185-2:2015(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/TR 17185-2:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Terms and definitions . 1
3 Abbreviated terms . 3
4 Objectives from a data catalogue and cross reference document . 4
5 Methodology . 4
5.1 Business plan and survey . 4
5.2 Public transport standards typology . 4
6 Public transport standard description results . 6
6.1 Public transport standard overview. 6
6.2 Mapping of Transmodel artefacts to regional standards . 6
6.2.1 Areas mapped to Transmodel. 6
6.2.2 General standard information . 7
6.2.3 Mapping of business areas .10
6.2.4 Mapping of data concepts and attributes .13
6.2.5 Description of conformance .13
7 Assessment .14
Annex A (informative) Business plan and survey: Detailed mapping of Transmodel and
regional standards .17
Annex B (informative) US transit communications interface profiles comparison to
Transmodel high level business areas .26
Annex C (informative) Korea ATIS Class-Attribute comparison to Transmodel .32
Annex D (informative) TCIP Class-Attribute comparison to Transmodel .34
Annex E (informative) Japanese ATIS Class-Attribute comparison to Transmodel .39
Annex F (informative) General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) Class-Attribute
comparison to Transmodel .42
Annex G (informative) NeTEx Class-Attribute comparison to Transmodel .53
Annex H (informative) Service Interface for Realtime Information (SIRI) Class-Attribute
comparison to Transmodel .95
Annex I (informative) Related Transmodel Class definitions .124
Bibliography .143
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/TR 17185-2:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
ISO 17185 consists of the following parts, under the general title Intelligent transport systems — Public
transport user information:
— Part 1: Standards framework for public information
— Part 2: Public transport data and interface standards catalogue and cross references
— Part 3: Use cases for journey planning systems and their inter-operation
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/TR 17185-2:2015(E)
Introduction
With the multiple standards that are deployed around the world to provide passenger information,
ISO/TC 204 sees a need to identify the range of information provision available to the public. Some
of the standards comprise messages and/or services that cover the full scope of the public transport
planning and operations enterprise, while others address a narrow scope of passenger information,
such as schedule information or bus arrival time prediction.
ISO/TC 204 saw a need to create a catalogue that shows the range and extent of the collection of
standards and specifications available. Furthermore, the group identified a need to show the similarities
and differences among these standards and specifications for several reasons, for example:
— to match like concepts and messages,
— to understand the overlaps, differences and missing requirements,
— to extend narrow-based standards using the concepts and interfaces developed by the enterprise-
based standards.
This Technical Report will be beneficial for all ISO/CEN member countries, as well as non-member
countries. It will be a valuable catalogue to help understand the content of the currently available
national and regional standards (identified in ISO 17185 Part 1), such as Transmodel, TCIP, Korean ATIS
and Japanese ATIS. The intention is that, by deploying these existing national and regional standards
from other countries or regions, duplication of cost and time in developing new standards and
specifications can be avoided. For those countries that do not have surface public transport information
standards, this approach allows the mix and match of standards from different regions, as well as
rapid development and deployment that can enhance the usability and convenience of public transport
anywhere in the world.
This Technical Report is intended to be fully consistent with those currently available national and
regional standards which may be related to international surface public transport. It is designed
to serve as a look-up table for developers for the terminology used in different regions for the same
concept. For example, the term “trip” in TCIP and GTFS is called “service journey” in Transmodel. This
catalogue will expose the differences in language for developers who need to translate data from one
standard to another. Principally, this Technical Report, and its scope and approach, will help lower the
barriers for developers who need to mix standards; for countries that need to choose the best approach
to deploy public transport systems; and, ultimately, for the public wanting a seamless public transport
experience wherever they travel.
As Andrew S. Tanenbaum said, “The nice thing about standards is that you have so many to choose
1)
from”. This report fully endorses that principle.
1) Computer Networks, 2nd ed., p. 254
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 17185-2:2015(E)
Intelligent transport systems — Public transport user
information —
Part 2:
Public transport data and interface standards catalogue
and cross references
1 Scope
This Technical Report compares and contrasts public transport standards that were developed by
different regions and countries. It uses the CEN Transmodel classes as a reference to compare standard
data concept descriptions of public transport user information. The purpose of this Technical Report
is to understand the concepts described by existing standards and specifications that cover public
transport passenger information.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
NOTE Equivalent TCIP or Transmodel term is identified for reference.
2.1
attribute
property of an entity
[SOURCE: CEN EN12896; p. 16 (ref 1), modified — Note 1 has been added.]
Note 1 to entry: Equivalent terms in TCIP / Transmodel: data element (TCIP).
2.2
class
concept within [a] system being modelled
[SOURCE: The Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual; p. 185 (ref 3), modified — Notes 1 and 2
have been added.]
Note 1 to entry: Equivalent terms in TCIP / Transmodel: data concept [US TCIP].
Note 2 to entry: Similar to entity, represents a set of objects with similar behaviour and properties.
2.3
data concept
any of a group of data dictionary structures (i.e., object class, property, value domain, data element
concept, data element, data frame, message, interface dialogue, association) referring to abstractions
or things in the natural world that can be identified with explicit boundaries and meaning and whose
properties and behavior [sic]all follow the same rules
[SOURCE: ISO 14817, p. 3 (ref 4), modified — Note 1 has been added.]
Note 1 to entry: Equivalent terms in TCIP / Transmodel: object, class, entity (Transmodel); data element, data
frame (TCIP).
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/TR 17185-2:2015(E)
2.4
data element
atomic piece of information related to a person, place, thing, or concept (for example, CPT-
PersonFirstName and CPT-Footnote)
[SOURCE: APTA-TCIP-S-01 3.0.3; p. 32 (ref 2), modified — Note 1 has been added.]
Note 1 to entry: Equivalent Terms in TCIP / Transmodel: attribute (Transmodel).
2.5
data frame
grouping of data elements primarily for the purpose of referring to a group with a single name, and
thereby efficiently reusing groups of data elements that commonly appear together (as an ASN.1
SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF or CHOICE) in a TCIP message
[SOURCE: APTA-TCIP-S-01 3.0.3; p. 32 (ref 2), modified — Notes 1 and 2 have been added.]
Note 1 to entry: Equivalent Terms in TCIP / Transmodel: Sub model (as in a “diagram”) in Transmodel [CEN-
Transmodel].
Note 2 to entry: This data concept type may also be used to specify groups of data elements for other purposes as
well. A data frame may contain other data frames as well as data elements.
2.6
dialog
ordered sequence of message exchanges between two or more entities
[SOURCE: APTA-TCIP-S-01 3.0.3; p. 33 (ref 2), modified — Notes 1 and 2 have been added.]
Note 1 to entry: Equivalent Terms in TCIP / Transmodel: no equivalent in Transmodel.
Note 2 to entry: The rules of the exchange are defined by a dialog pattern. Messages specific to the type of
exchange are specified by the dialog.
2.7
entity
object (data) that has its own existence (as opposed to an attribute)
[SOURCE: The Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual; p. 16 (ref 3), modified — Notes 1 and 2
have been added.]
Note 1 to entry: Equivalent Terms in TCIP / Transmodel: data concept (TCIP).
Note 2 to entry: Similar to object and class.
2.8
message
grouping of data elements and/or data frames intended to be transmitted as a complete package of
information in one direction
[SOURCE: APTA-TCIP-S-01 3.0.3; p. 39 (ref 2), modified — Note 1 has been added.]
Note 1 to entry: Equivalent Terms in TCIP / Transmodel: no equivalent in Transmodel.
2.9
object
discrete entity with a well-defined boundary and identity that encapsulates state and behavior; an
instance of a class
[SOURCE: The Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual; p. 360 (ref 3), modified — Notes 1 and 2
have been added.]
Note 1 to entry: Equivalent Terms in TCIP / Transmodel: data concept (TCIP).
2 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/TR 17185-2:2015(E)
Note 2 to entry: Similar to class and equivalent to an entity.
3 Abbreviated terms
ADPU Application Protocol Data Unit (in the context of smart cards)
APTA American Public Transportation Association
ATIS Advanced Traveller Information System
CEN Comité Européen de Normalization
CFMS Contactless Fare Media System
csv Comma separated values
EU European Union
GTFS General Transit Feed Specification (formally known as the Google Transit Feed
Specification)
ID Identification or identifier
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IFOPT Identification of Fixed Objects in Public Transport, a preliminary CEN Technical
Specification, CEN standard, EN 28701:2009, that provides a Reference Data Model
for describing the main fixed objects required for public access to Public transport.
ISO International Organization for Standardization
ISO/TC 204 ISO Technical Committee 204 on Intelligent transport systems
N/I Not included
NeTEx NeTwork and Timetable Exchange. (CEN/TS 16614-, −2, −3). A CEN Technical
Specification in XML, based on Transmodel v6 and IFOPT, providing exchange
messages for space- and fare-, time-related data.
NTCIP National Transportation Communications for Intelligent Transportation System
Protocol (US Intelligent Transportation System standards body)
Pi Passenger information
PICC Proximity Integrated Circuit Card
PICS Profile Implementation Conformance Statement
PRL Profile Requirements List
PT Public Transport
PTV Public Transport Vehicle
SIRI Service Interface for Real Time Information (EN 15531–1 to 3 and TS15531–4
and 5). A CEN protocol in XML, based on Transmodel that specifies services about
public transport real-time services and vehicles, such as vehicle monitoring, stop
monitoring, and more.
SQL Sequential Query Language
TBT Technical Barriers to Trade
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/TR 17185-2:2015(E)
TCIP Transit Cooperative Interface Profiles
UML Unified Modelling Language
UTC Coordinated Universal Time
UTFS Universal Transit Fare System
WSDL Web Services Descriptive Language
XML Extensible Markup Language
4 Objectives from a data catalogue and cross reference document
The objectives of this catalogue are to:
— Facilitate and promote international cooperation in the area of world-wide public transport (PT)
standard activities.
— Encourage the PT industry to adopt a coherent and consistent reference data model standard for
PT where PT operators will benefit from a larger market base, lowering costs and enhancing inter-
operability among the systems they procure.
— Enhance economic trade by enabling standards to apply across country boundaries.
— Support PT to build interoperable applications that will work across country boundaries.
In addition, there are many countries that do not have national standards for traveller information. It
is hoped that this catalogue will define the scope of functions that are currently defined, and the areas
needing further work to support PT passengers.
5 Methodology
5.1 Business plan and survey
This Technical Report was conceived in 2006 as part of a business plan and an initial survey (see
Annex A). The business plan included the following:
— Purpose of developing a data catalogue of worldwide standards on public transportation information.
— Benefits to national standards bodies.
— Justification for the data catalogue.
— Project work plan.
— Resources needed.
In addition, a survey for collecting information was attached to the business plan. The survey results
are described in this Technical Report.
5.2 Public transport standards typology
As part of earlier discussions between CEN TC 278 WG 3 and ISO TC 204 (from 2000 to 2002), a set of
criteria was defined to compare the TCIP and Transmodel standards. Three measures were defined:
— Equivalence: implies the elements are the same.
— Similarity: elements are similar, that is they overlap in some areas and differ in others.
— Difference: elements are different and are not reconcilable.
4 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/TR 17185-2:2015(E)
In this context, an element was described as a “data element or attribute, or data concept or entity”.
However, the purpose of the two standards is fundamentally different and, over the ensuing years, they
have moved further apart in terms of their use and application.
In partitioning standards, ISO and other standards bodies are developing “abstract” versus
“implementation” standards. Furthermore, wide adoption of internet standards and information
technology best practices has helped modularize standards into different classes.
Table 1 — Information service standards’ typology
Service invocation (method) Information transfer
Implementation Interface: Encoding:
specifications
TCIP Protocol Interface Compliance Spec- TCIP XML Schema (Volume III)
[how] ification
SIRI XML Schema
(Protocol Requirements List)
NeTEx
(Volume IV) / NTCIP 2306 Center to
GTFS
Center Web Services
SIRI
NeTEx
Korean ATIS
Abstract model Behaviour: Content:
[what] TCIP Building Blocks (patterns) (Volume I) Transmodel
SIRI SIRI
NeTEx NeTEx
TCIP Data Dictionary/ Data Frames/ Data Mes-
sages / Dialogs (Annexes A – D)
Generally, the difference between an abstract model and implementation specification is “what is the
domain?” versus “how is it designed and implemented?” The abstract model describes the content
(semantics), logical relationships and completeness of the business domain, while the implementation
specification documents describe the design for a specific technology based on how a part of the domain
will be implemented. For example, there are several ways of invoking an exchange to acquire data (such
as, SQL, web services and messaging services) and there are several encoding formats to access the
data, including comma separated value file format (csv), XML or protocol buffer.
The reason to segment the standards space into the various categories is to illustrate the differences
between the content, behaviour and implementation approaches of these standards. Transmodel,
which is used as the reference model, is not a standard that can be implemented out of the box. It is
an abstract data model whose data concepts (and the relationships between the data concepts) help
users understand the business rules that apply to implementable standards. Transmodel captures the
domain rules in a logical, consistent manner.
Given this classification framework, Transmodel is positioned as an abstract model that describes the
semantics and business rules. Other standards, like TCIP, are implementation standards that include
syntax (data formats) and some semantics. TCIP also includes behavioural specifications, that is, how
information is exchanged in a business to business messaging environment. Most implementation
standards, like TCIP, do not explicitly define a data model which describes entities/objects, logical
relationships and business rules consistent with data modelling methodology. By mapping the
implementation standards to an abstract standard, the implementation standard achieves the benefits
of the semantic inter-operability of the data model.
The detailed mapping creates a catalogue on several levels of resolution. These include the following:
— typology (abstract/implementation; semantic/behaviour);
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 5
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO/TR 17185-2:2015(E)
— business area;
— data concept;
— data concept attribute.
In addition, some responses of the survey included conformance and testing approaches, approaches to
handling data versioning and measuring data quality. In many cases, conformance statements and tests
are similar since the base standards upon which the public transport standard is based are the same,
for example, XML. For that reason, conformance approaches show the similarities and collaborative
methods that an implementer may use to integrate multiple message standards.
6 Public transport standard description results
6.1 Public transport standard overview
The survey included 10 sections. The sections requested three types of information: general
information on the standards and its lineage; detailed information on the content of the standard with
respect to a reference standard; and conformance and quality/versioning requirements associated
with implementation of the standard. Specifically, the 10 topics addressed were as follows:
1. Name.
2. Standard type (see Table 1).
3. Scope.
4. History and ongoing maintenance schedule.
5. Methodology and approach to development.
6. Business areas covered (mapping to Transmodel and TCIP business areas).
7. Conformance and interoperability with other standards (e.g. XML, IEEE 1512).
8. Conformance provisions.
9. Handling of data version (temporal aspects of data).
10. Handling of data quality (metadata aspects).
The reference standard that was used as the cross reference was Transmodel because it provides a
comprehensive abstract model of the PT data across most business areas, including data semantics and
business rules. Some standards go beyond Transmodel (such as TCIP), however, only in a few areas.
6.2 Mapping of Transmodel artefacts to regional standards
6.2.1 Areas mapped to Transmodel
Although the detailed data concept and attribute mapping only covers PT passenger information,
some standards include many more business areas. This clause includes four areas where elements of
Transmodel are mapped to regional standards:
— General information (no mapping);
— Business areas (includes all business areas beyond the scope of this Technical Report);
— Data concepts and attributes;
— Conformance.
6 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
ISO/TR 17185-2:2015(E)
6.2.2 General standard information
The general information related to each standard incorporated in the catalogue included the
following questions.
1. What is the standard name?
2. What type is the standard? Semantics/message/abstract/implementation?
3. What is the scope of the standard?
4. What year was the standard published?
5. Has the standard been implemented?
6. Who published the standard?
7. What was the methodology used to develop the standard?
8. Please list a short history of the development process:
9. Please describe the ongoing maintenance:
China
What is the standard name? Data Bus Interface Communication Specification of Intelligent Service
Terminal for City Bus and Trolley-Bus
Data Communication Protocol between Intelligent Service Terminal for
City Bus and Trolley-Bus and Control Center
What type is the standard? Semantics/message/abstract/imple- Data format, data frame, message frame, public transport information
mentation? gathering/ publishing/ exchanging between intelligent service terminal
and expansion of peripheral as well as control centre.
What is the scope of the standard? Data Bus Interface Communication Specification of Intelligent Service
Terminal for City Bus and Trolley-Bus defines the system construction,
interface specification between intelligent service terminal and expan-
sion of peripheral for city bus and trolley-Bus.
Data Communication Protocol between Intelligent Service Terminal for
City Bus and Trolley-Bus and Control Center defines the communication
protocol, communication connection, message handling, data format,
information gathering/ publishing/ exchanging between intelligent
service terminal on the city/trolley-Bus and control centre.
What year was the standard published? Data Bus Interface Communication Specification of Intelligent Service
Terminal for City Bus and Trolley-Bus: cd
Data Communication Protocol between Intelligent Service Terminal for
City Bus and Trolley-Bus and Control Center: 2012/11/05
Has the standard been implemented? Data Communication Protocol between Intelligent Service Terminal
for City Bus and Trolley-Bus and Control Center: implemented since
2013/04/01
Data Communication Protocol between Intelligent Service Terminal for
City Bus and Trolley-Bus and Control Center: will be implemented in 37
transit cities this year.
Who published the standard? Data Communication Protocol between Intelligent Service Terminal
for City Bus and Trolley-Bus and Control Center: implemented since
2013/04/01
Data Communication Protocol between Intelligent Service Terminal for
City Bus and Trolley-Bus and Control Center: will be implemented in 37
transit cities this year.
What was the methodology used to develop the standard? Defining the public transport information communication and interface
specification between intelligent service terminal and expansion of
peripheral as well as control centre for city bus and trolley-Bus.
Please list a short history of the development process: Proposed in February 2013, started on November 2013, form the draft
in 2014 and now collecting advices.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 7
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
ISO/TR 17185-2:2015(E)
China
Please describe the ongoing maintenance: Collect advice from the industry to update the standard.
Japan
What is the standard name? Standards for Public Transport Information
What type is the standard? Sema
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.