ISO/TR 18146:2020

Space systems — Space debris mitigation design and operation manual for spacecraft

This document contains information on the design and operational practices for launch vehicle orbital stages for mitigating space debris. This document provides information to engineers on what are required or recommended in the family of space debris mitigation standards to reduce the growth of space debris by ensuring that spacecraft is designed, operated, and disposed of in a manner that prevents them from generating debris throughout their orbital lifetime.

Systèmes spatiaux — Conception de réduction des débris spatiaux et manuel d’utilisation pour les engins spatiaux

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 25-Oct-2020
• ICS: 49.140 - Space systems and operations
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 20/SC 14 - Space systems and operations
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 20/SC 14 - Space systems and operations
• Current Stage: 9092 - International Standard to be revised
• Start Date: 25-Jan-2024
• Completion Date: 19-Apr-2025

Relations

• Consolidated By: ISO 7029:2017/Amd 1:2024 - Acoustics — Statistical distribution of hearing thresholds related to age and gender — Amendment 1: Correction of parameter values for estimating the hearing threshold distribution
• Effective Date: 06-Mar-2023
• Revised: ISO/DTR 18146 - Space systems — Space debris mitigation design and operation manual for spacecraft
• Effective Date: 27-Jan-2024
• Revises: ISO/TR 18146:2015 - Space systems — Space debris mitigation design and operation guidelines for spacecraft
• Effective Date: 23-Apr-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 18146
Second edition
2020-10
Space systems — Space debris
mitigation design and operation
manual for spacecraft
Systèmes spatiaux — Conception de réduction des débris spatiaux et
manuel d’utilisation pour les engins spatiaux
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative reference . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 1
5 System-level activities . 2
5.1 General . 2
5.2 Design for limiting the release of objects . 3
[1]
5.2.1 Intents of requirements in ISO 24113:2019 . 3
5.2.2 Work breakdown . 3
5.2.3 Identification of released objects and design measures . 4
5.2.4 Design measures . 5
5.2.5 Monitoring during operation . 5
5.2.6 Preventing failure . 5
5.3 Prevention of break-up . 5
5.3.1 General. 5
5.3.2 Break-up caused by intentional behaviour, or stored energy . 6
5.3.3 Break-up caused by a collision with catalogued objects . 7
5.3.4 Break-up caused by the impact of debris or meteoroid .11
5.4 Disposal after the end of mission to minimize interference with the protected regions .14
[1]
5.4.1 Intents of requirements in ISO 24113:2019 .14
5.4.2 Work breakdown .15
5.4.3 Procedure for determination of mission extension or termination .17
5.4.4 Disposal plan .19
5.4.5 Estimation of the orbital lifetime . .20
5.4.6 Design of the function to remove spacecraft from the protected regions .20
5.4.7 Assurance of resources for disposal manoeuvre .21
5.4.8 Reliability of disposal function up to the design life .21
5.4.9 Useful life limited items .22
5.4.10 Health assessment procedure and contingency planning .22
5.4.11 Design the monitoring system to monitor the critical parameters .23
5.4.12 Assessment of the risk of debris impact .24
5.4.13 Operational remediations .24
5.4.14 Decision-making to extend or terminate the mission .25
5.4.15 Disposal .25
5.4.16 Registration of objects launched into outer space complying with the UN
treaty .25
5.4.17 Specific subjects for GEO mission .26
5.4.18 Specific subjects for LEO mission .26
5.4.19 High elliptical orbit mission .26
5.5 Ground safety from re-entering objects .26
[1]
5.5.1 Intents of requirements in ISO 24113:2019 .26
5.5.2 Work breakdown .26
5.5.3 Identification of requirements .27
5.5.4 Hazards analysis .27
5.5.5 Design measures .28
5.5.6 Specific design for controlled re-entry in subsystem level .29
5.5.7 Notification .29
5.5.8 Conduct controlled re-entry and monitoring .29
5.6 Quality and reliability assurance .29
6 Debris-related work in the development cycle .30
6.1 General .30
6.2 Concept of debris-related work in phased planning .30
6.3 Mission analysis phase (phase 0 or pre-phase A) .34
6.3.1 General.34
6.3.2 Debris-related work .34
6.4 Feasibility phase (phase A) .35
6.5 Definition phase (phase B) .35
6.5.1 Work in phase B .35
6.5.2 Work procedure .35
6.6 Development phase (phase C) .36
6.6.1 Work in phase C .36
6.6.2 Conditions .37
6.7 Production phase (phase D) .38
6.7.1 Work in phase D .38
6.7.2 Qualification review .38
6.8 Utilization phase (phase E) .38
6.8.1 Launch preparation .38
6.8.2 Lift-off time .39
6.8.3 Initial operation .39
6.8.4 Normal operation .39
6.8.5 Decision to terminate or extension of operations .40
6.9 Disposal phase (phase F) .40
7 System-level information.41
7.1 Mission design .41
7.2 Mass allocation .41
7.3 Propellant allocation .42
7.4 Power allocation .42
8 Subsystem/component design and operation .42
8.1 General .
...