ISO/TS 16774-6:2024

Test methods for repair materials for water-leakage cracks in underground concrete structures - Part 6: Test method for response to the substrate movement

This document specifies a laboratory test method for evaluating the substrate (crack) movement response of water-leakage crack repair materials through permeability testing. This document outlines general principles and procedures for the test method. Specific variables that control the quantifiable parameters of the testing are filled in using relevant national standards or testing parameters, or both.

Méthodes d'essai pour matériaux de réparation pour fissures dues à l'eau dans les structures en béton — Partie 6: Méthode d'essai de la réponse aux mouvements du substrat

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 15-Aug-2024
• ICS: 91.080.40 - Concrete structures
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 71/SC 7 - Maintenance and repair of concrete structures
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 71/SC 7 - Maintenance and repair of concrete structures
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 16-Aug-2024
• Due Date: 26-Jul-2024
• Completion Date: 16-Aug-2024

Relations

• Revises: ISO/TS 16774-6:2017 - Test methods for repair materials for water-leakage cracks in underground concrete structures - Part 6: Test method for response to the substrate movement
• Effective Date: 06-Jun-2022

Overview

ISO/TS 16774-6:2024 defines a laboratory test method to evaluate the substrate (crack) movement response of repair materials used for water-leakage cracks in underground concrete structures. The method pairs a cyclic substrate movement (tensile/compressive) test with a subsequent permeability (water-tightness) test to determine whether injected repair materials retain waterproofing performance after simulated crack movements. The Technical Specification provides general principles and procedures; specific test parameters (cycle width, number, pressure, ambient conditions) are to be completed using relevant national standards or testing protocols.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Test principle: Inject repair material into a specimen with an artificial crack, subject it to repeated tensile/compressive cycles, then assess water permeability.
• Test specimen: Two flat cylindrical concrete/mortar parts assembled with spacers to form an artificial crack. Typical mix proportion noted: water : cement : fine aggregate = 1 : 2 : 6 (mass ratio). Pinholes (Ø 2.5 mm) are drilled to monitor leakage during injection and testing.
• Apparatus:
  • Substrate movement apparatus - a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) capable of cyclic tensile/compressive motion.
  • Air compressor - capable of delivering approx. 0.1 to 0.3 N/mm² (as a reference in this document).
  • Permeability test chamber - capable of handling water pressure in the same approximate range (output method).
• Ambient conditions: Standard drying/shrinkage conditions recommended at (22 ± 2) °C and (55 ± 5) % RH, with allowances for national variations.
• Procedure:
  • Inject repair material into the artificial crack following manufacturer or national procedures.
  • Run substrate movement cycles to simulate thermal movement, settlement, or vibration.
  • Perform permeability (water-tightness) test and record leakage observations.
• Reporting: Test reports must document repair material details, specimen preparation, test apparatus, cycle parameters, pressures used, ambient conditions and photographic records (see clauses 8–9).

Applications and practical value

• Provides a standardized laboratory method for comparative evaluation of injected repair materials (e.g., urethane, polyurea, synthetic grouts) under simulated crack movement.
• Useful for product development, quality control, third‑party testing, and specification of repair materials for tunnels, sewers, basements and other underground concrete structures.
• Helps classify materials into families by movement tolerance and retained impermeability after dynamic substrate behaviour.

Who should use this standard

• Repair material manufacturers and R&D teams
• Independent testing laboratories and conformity assessors
• Structural and geotechnical engineers specifying waterproofing repairs
• Contractors performing injection remediation and QA/QC

Related standards

• ISO/TR 16475 - general practices for repair of water-leakage cracks
• ISO/TS 16774 series (other parts addressing artificial cracks and additional test methods)
• ISO 1920-8 referenced for standard drying/shrinkage conditions

Keywords: ISO/TS 16774-6:2024, substrate movement test, permeability testing, water-leakage crack repair materials, universal testing machine, underground concrete structures.

Standards Content (Sample)

Technical
Specification
ISO/TS 16774-6
Second edition
Test methods for repair materials
2024-08
for water-leakage cracks in
underground concrete structures —
Part 6:
Test method for response to the
substrate movement
Méthodes d'essai pour matériaux de réparation pour fissures
dues à l'eau dans les structures en béton —
Partie 6: Méthode d'essai de la réponse aux mouvements du
substrat
Reference number
© ISO 2024
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be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
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or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Phone: [phone]
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Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative reference . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Apparatus . 2
6 Preparation . 2
6.1 Test specimen and artificial crack conditions .2
6.2 Ambient conditions.3
7 Procedure . 3
7.1 Substrate behaviour stress test .3
7.2 Permeability test .3
8 Presentation of results . 3
9 Test report . 4
9.1 Information on the repair material of the test target .4
9.1.1 General .4
9.1.2 Other information .4
9.2 Information on the test .4
Annex A (informative) Example test method . 6
Bibliography .16

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
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this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 71, Concrete, reinforced concrete and pre-
stressed concrete, Subcommittee SC 7, Maintenance and repair of concrete structures.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TS 16774-6:2017), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— in 6.1 a), a recommendation regarding the specification of the fine aggregate, as well as the necessary
reference to the relevant standard, has been added;
— in 6.1 d), the text has been revised to provide clearer context.
A list of all parts in the ISO/TS 16774 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
This document is linked to ISO/TR 16475. ISO/TR 16475 outlines six basic properties and the required
performance levels of water-leakage repair materials; The ISO/TS 16774 series proposes sample testing
methods for evaluating the respective properties of the repair materials.
The test methods in this document are intended to serve as reference for nations that have not yet
developed a test method for the six required performance properties of water-leakage repair materials.
Many of the dependent variables outlined in the reference test methods of this document are subject to
change in accordance with the environmental conditions (temperature and humidity, chemical solution
and concentration, width of movement activity, water pressure or water flow velocity, etc.) outlined in the
standards used in respective countries.
In this document, ISO/TS 16774-1 and ISO/TS 16774-5, for the purpose of objectively comparing the
performance of injected repair materials, artificial cracks of same width, height, and volume are used to
control the usage of repair materials for each testing cycle and enable repetition of the same test methods
under the same conditions.
The repair material injected into a test specimen with an artificial crack undergoes simulated movements
normally caused by thermal expansion, settlement and vibrations in leakage cracks found in concrete
structures outlined in different national testing parameters that reflect different environmental
conditions. As such, the results are only intended to provide a comparative performance evaluation of the
waterproofing repair materials between different products of the same type of repair material under the
same environmental conditions.
NOTE 1 The test method in this document classifies and categorizes materials that are tested into families of
similar properties for the purpose of making relative comparisons with the data results.
NOTE 2 Each individual repair material can be further tested in an actual construction site application for a
complete assessment.
v
Technical Specification ISO/TS 16774-6:2024(en)
Test methods for repair materials for water-leakage cracks in
underground concrete structures —
Part 6:
Test method for response to the substrate movement
1 Scope
This document specifies a laboratory test method for evaluating the substrate (crack) movement response
of water-leakage crack repair materials through permeability testing.
This document outlines general principles and procedures for the test method. Specific variables that
control the quantifiable parameters of the testing are filled in using relevant national standards or testing
parameters, or both.
2 Normative reference
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/TR 16475, General practices for the repair of water-leakage cracks in concrete structures
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TR 16475 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org .obp
3.1
repair material
material used for preventing the escape of water at cracks in concrete
EXAMPLE Injection type grouts, such as synthetic rubberized asphalt, mastic, urethane, poly-urea.
Note 1 to entry: In this document, target ingredients are limited to injection materials outlined in ISO/TR 16475.
4 Principle
Response to loss, deterioration and other physical changes by the behavioral movement of leakage crack
(such as crack movements caused by thermal shrinkage and expansions, differential settlement, and/or
vibrations) is one of the fundamental properties that water leakage repair materials should possess. To
evaluate the repair material’s responsiveness to substrate movement, this test method uses two separate
procedures:
a) a substrate movement test method;
a) a permeability test method.

The test specimen with an artificial crack is injected with repair material, and the specimen goes through
an induced tensile/compressive stress test for a specified number of cycles using a substrate movement
simulating apparatus, such as a universal testing machine (UTM). To evaluate whether the repair material
loses its waterproofing property due to tensile/compressive stress (substrate/crack movement), the
specimen goes through a water permeability test for the last stage of the test method.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Substrate movement apparatus, which must be able to exert a cycle of predetermined width of
compressive and tensile force per one minute. A universal testing machine (UTM) should be used for this
test method.
5.2 Air compressor, which should be able to handle a minimum air pressure value of 0,1 N/mm to
0,3 N/mm .
5.3 Permeability test chamber, which should be able to handle a minimum water pressure value of
2 2
0,1 N/mm to 0,3 N/mm (output method).
NOTE Conditions outlined in 5.2 and 5.3 are subject to change in accordance to different national testing
parameters and requirements.
6 Preparation
6.1 Test specimen and artificial crack conditions
a) Two separate concrete or mortar substrate parts should be cured to form a water-leakage crack test
specimen. The parts consist of upper and bottom parts, and they should be flat and cylindrical in shape
and should be made using concrete or mortar.
The mix proportion is (water : cement : fine aggregate = 1 : 2 : 6, mass ratio). The fine aggregate used should
be specified. A different standard specification can apply.
NOTE 1 The curing period for the mortar or concrete substrate parts is approximately 72 hours, but can also
be subject to change according to different national testing parameters and requirements.
b) The bottom substrate is drilled with evenly spaced holes (Ø 2,5 mm) near the centre of the substrate.
The pinholes shall be drilled all the way through from one surface of the substrate part to the other.
NOTE 2 The purpose of these pinholes is to check for signs of leakage during repair material injection and
during permeability testing.
c) Spacers are placed on one surface of the bottom substrate part without covering the pinholes, and
the upper substrate part is placed on top of the spacers. The substrate parts, having formed the test
specimen with the artificial crack, are held together with tape, silicone sealants or other applicable
materials along the exterior side. The spacer height represents the width of the crack and can vary
depending on the different national testing parameters and requirements.
Any material can be used to hold the two substrate parts together with a crack space in between, but
should leave an inlet in one side for material injection.
d) The specimen surface should be cleaned before injecting the repair material to remove any debris.
After placing the test specimen under water for a specified amount of time to ensure that the substrate
surface is sufficiently wet for repair material injection, inject the repair material into the specimen.
The injection method varies according to different national testing parameters and requirements. The
manufacturer’s instructions should be followed if available. Debris and other substances, if present,
should be cleared prior to material injection.
NOTE 3 For detailed and clearer explanation, refer to Annex A

6.2 Ambient conditions
Keep the test room at a temperature (22 ± 2) °C and a humidity at (55 ± 5) % (standard drying conditions
of a drying shrinkage state conditions outlined in ISO 1920-8) during the experiment unless specifically
required otherwise.
NOTE Temperature values are subject to change according to different national standards. For example, warmer
countries have ranges that can reach up to (2
...