ISO/IEC 29145-2:2014
(Main)Information Technology - Wireless Beacon-enabled Energy Efficient Mesh network (WiBEEM) for wireless home network services — Part 2: MAC Layer
Information Technology - Wireless Beacon-enabled Energy Efficient Mesh network (WiBEEM) for wireless home network services — Part 2: MAC Layer
ISO/IEC 29145-2:2014(E) specifies the MAC of the WiBEEM (Wireless beacon-enabled energy efficient mesh network) protocol for wireless home network services that supports a low power-consuming wireless mesh network as well as device mobility and QoS.
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General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
ISO/IEC 29145-2
Edition 1.0 2014-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Information technology – Wireless beacon-enabled energy efficient mesh
network (WiBEEM) standard for wireless home network services –
Part 2: MAC layer
ISO/IEC 29145-2:2014-03(en)
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ISO/IEC 29145-2
Edition 1.0 2014-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Information technology – Wireless beacon-enabled energy efficient mesh
network (WiBEEM) standard for wireless home network services –
Part 2: MAC layer
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
U
ICS 35.200 ISBN 978-2-8322-1449-7
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
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– 2 – ISO/IEC 29145-2 © ISO/IEC 2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative reference . 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Abbreviations . 8
3.3 Conventions . 9
4 Conformance . 10
5 Overview of the WiBEEM technology . 10
6 MAC layer specifications . 10
6.1 General . 10
6.2 MAC layer service specifications . 10
6.2.1 Service overview . 10
6.2.2 MAC data service . 11
6.2.3 MAC management service . 17
6.2.4 Association primitives . 17
6.2.5 Disassociation primitives . 22
6.2.6 Beacon notification primitive . 24
6.2.7 Primitives for reading PIB attributes . 27
6.2.8 RAP management primitives . 28
6.2.9 Primitives for orphan notification . 31
6.2.10 Primitives for resetting the MAC layer . 34
6.2.11 Primitives for specifying the receiver enable time . 35
6.2.12 Primitives for channel scanning . 37
6.2.13 Communication status primitive . 39
6.2.14 Primitives for writing MAC PIB attributes . 41
6.2.15 Primitives for updating the superframe configuration . 42
6.2.16 Primitives for synchronising with a WRC . 45
6.2.17 Primitives for requesting data from a WRC . 47
6.3 MAC frame formats . 49
6.3.1 General . 49
6.3.2 General MAC frame format . 50
6.3.3 Beacon frame format . 52
6.3.4 MAC command frame format . 52
Bibliography . 62
Figure 1 – MAC layer structure . 11
Figure 2 – Message sequence chart describing the MAC data service . 16
Figure 3 – Message sequence chart for association . 22
Figure 4 – Message sequence chart for disassociation . 24
Figure 5 – Message sequence chart for RAP allocation initiated by a device . 31
Figure 6 – Message sequence chart for RAP deallocation initiated by a device and the
WMC . 31
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ISO/IEC 29145-2 © ISO/IEC 2014 – 3 –
Figure 7 – Beacon lost (orphan notification) message sequence chart . 33
Figure 8 – Message sequence chart for updating the superframe configuration . 45
Figure 9 – Message sequence chart for synchronising to a WRC in a beacon-enabled
WPAN . 47
Figure 10 – Message sequence chart for requesting data from the WRC. 49
Figure 11 – General MAC frame format . 50
Figure 12 – Beacon frame format . 52
Table 1 – MLDE-DATA.request parameters . 12
Table 2 – MLDE-DATA.confirm parameters . 13
Table 3 – MLDE-DATA.indication parameters . 14
Table 4 – MLDE-ERASE.request parameters . 15
Table 5 – MLDE-ERASE.confirm parameters . 16
Table 6 – Summary of the primitives accessed through the MLME-SAP . 17
Table 7 – MLME-ASSOCIATE.request parameters . 18
Table 8 – MLME-ASSOCIATE.indication parameters . 19
Table 9 – MLME-ASSOCIATE.response parameters . 20
Table 10 – MLME-ASSOCIATE.confirm parameters . 21
Table 11 – MLME-DISASSOCIATE.request parameters . 22
Table 12 – MLME-DISASSOCIATE.indication parameters . 23
Table 13 – MLME-DISASSOCIATE.confirm parameters . 24
Table 14 – MLME-BEACON-NOTIFY.indication parameters . 25
Table 15 – Elements of mesh descriptor . 26
Table 16 – MLME-READ-MIB.request parameters . 27
Table 17 – MLME-READ-MIB.confirm parameters . 28
Table 18 – MLME- RAP-MANAGEMENT.request parameters . 29
Table 19 – MLME-RAP-MANAGEMENT.confirm parameters . 29
Table 20 – MLME-RAP-MANAGEMENT.indication parameters . 30
Table 21 – MLME-BEACON-LOST.indication parameters . 32
Table 22 – MLME-BEACON-LOST.indication parameters . 33
Table 23 – MLME-RESET.request parameters . 34
Table 24 – MLME-RESET.confirm parameters . 35
Table 25 – MLME-RX-ON.request parameters . 35
Table 26 – MLME-RX-ON.confirm parameters . 36
Table 27 – MLME-SCAN.request parameters . 37
Table 28 – MLME-SCAN.confirm parameters . 39
Table 29 – MLME-COMM-RESULT.indication parameters . 40
Table 30 – MLME-WRITE-MIB.request parameters . 41
Table 31 – MLME-WRITE-MIB.confirm parameters . 42
Table 32 – MLME-START.request parameters . 43
Table 33 – MLME-START.confirm parameters . 44
Table 34 – MLME-SYNC.request parameters . 45
Table 35 – MLME-SYNC-LOSS.indication parameters . 46
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Table 36 – MLME-INDIRECT-COMM.request parameters . 48
Table 37 – MLME-INDIRECT-COMM.confirm parameters . 48
Table 38 – MAC command frame . 53
Table 39 – Association request command . 53
Table 41 – Association response command . 54
Table 42 – Association status field . 55
Table 43 – Disassociation notification command format . 55
Table 44 – Disassociation reason code . 56
Table 45 – Data request command format . 57
Table 46 – Mesh ID conflict notification command format . 57
Table 47 – Orphan notification command format . 58
Table 48 – Beacon request command format . 58
Table 49 – Co-ordinator realignment command format . 59
Table 50 – CFP request command format . 60
Table 51 – CFP characteristics field format . 60
Table 52 – Rate reconfiguration request format . 60
Table 53 – Data rate . 61
Table 54 – Rate reconfiguration request command format . 61
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ISO/IEC 29145-2 © ISO/IEC 2014 – 5 –
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY –
WIRELESS BEACON-ENABLED ENERGY EFFICIENT MESH NETWORK
(WIBEEM) STANDARD FOR WIRELESS HOME NETWORK SERVICES –
Part 2: MAC layer
FOREWORD
1) ISO (International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) form the
specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in
the development of International Standards. Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any ISO and
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2) In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
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10) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard ISO/IEC 29145-2 was prepared by subcommittee 25: Interconnection
of information technology equipment, of ISO/IEC joint technical committee 1: Information
technology.
The list of all currently available parts of the ISO/IEC 29145 series, under the general title
Information technology – Wireless beacon-enabled energy efficient mesh network (WiBEEM)
for wireless home network services, can be found on the IEC web site.
This International Standard has been approved by vote of the member bodies, and the voting
results may be obtained from the address given on the second title page.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
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INTRODUCTION
This International Standard specifies the WiBEEM (Wireless Beacon-enabled Energy Efficient
Mesh network) protocol, which provides low-power-consuming mesh network functions by
enabling the “beacon mode operation”. WiBEEM is based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard with
additional upper layer protocols and a specific usage of the MAC layer protocol. Through the
novel use of beacons, WiBEEM technology achieves longer battery life, larger network
support, quicker response, enhanced mobility and dynamic reconfiguration of the network
topology compared with other protocols such as ZigBee.
In the beacon mode, Beacon information propagates over the entire mesh network nodes
during the BOP (Beacon-Only Period) of the superframe structure without any beacon
conflicts by utilising a smart beacon scheduling technique in the BOP. It also provides
location information about moving devices without spending extra time running a positioning
and locating algorithm by using RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication). These features
allow the WiBEEM protocol to be widely used for wireless home network services in the
ubiquitous network era.
One of the key features of the WiBEEM protocol is that it has a special time interval called
BOP (Beacon-Only Period) in the superframe structure that allows more than two beacons to
be transmitted. This unique time period is located at the beginning of the Superframe.
Because the BOP does not use the CSMA/CA mechanism, the network will not work properly
in the beacon mode unless an appropriate algorithm is applied. This algorithm needs to
manage and control multiple beacons in a single superframe. The solution is the Beacon
Scheduling method applied in the BOP to avoid collisions among beacons, providing
synchronisation among all the nodes of the entire mesh network.
For the network layer, the NAA (Next Address Available) mechanism, which is a short address
allocation algorithm, has been adopted to provide an efficient way of utilising the complete 16-
bit address space. The NAA algorithm does not limit the maximum number of children nodes
that a node of a mesh network can have. Since the number of children nodes is unlimited, the
NAA mechanism allows the WiBEEM protocol to be used not only for home network services,
but also for community services. WiBEEM can be used where high network expandability
through efficient use of short address spaces, device mobility and end-to-end QoS are
required.
This part of the standard ISO/IEC 29145 specifies the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer of
the WiBEEM protocol.
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ISO/IEC 29145-2 © ISO/IEC 2014 – 7 –
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY –
WIRELESS BEACON-ENABLED ENERGY EFFICIENT MESH NETWORK
(WIBEEM) STANDARD FOR WIRELESS HOME NETWORK SERVICES –
Part 2: MAC layer
1 Scope
This part of ISO/IEC 29145 specifies the MAC of the WiBEEM (Wireless Beacon-enabled
Energy Efficient Mesh network) protocol for wireless home network services that supports a
low power-consuming wireless mesh network as well as device mobility and QoS.
2 Normative reference
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 29145-1:2014, Information technology – Wireless beacon-enabled energy efficient
mesh network (WiBEEM) for wireless home network services – Part 1: PHY layer
IEEE 802.15.4:2003, IEEE Standard for Information technology – Telecommunications and
information exchange between systems – Local and metropolitan area networks – Specific
requirements – Part 15.4: Wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY)
Specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs)
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 29145-1, as
well as the following apply.
3.1.1
association
service used to establish the membership of a device in a wireless mesh network
3.1.2
co-ordinator
wireless device configured to provide synchronisation services through the transmission of
beacons
Note 1 to entry: If a co-ordinator is the principal controller of a wireless mesh network, it is called the WMC
(WiBEEM Mesh Co-ordinator).
3.1.3
device
entity containing an implementation of the WiBEEM applications, NWK, MAC and physical
interface to the wireless medium
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3.1.4
disassociation
service that removes an existing association
3.1.5
frame
data format of aggregated bits from a medium access control (MAC) layer entity transmitted in
a specified sequence
3.1.6
logical channel
abstract representation of a communications link independent of the physical implementation
Note 1 to entry: Defines "logical channel" as it is used this International Standard.
3.1.7
mobile device
device that uses network communications while in motion
3.1.8
orphaned device
device that has lost its parent node with its associated mesh network
3.1.9
packet
format of aggregated bits transmitted in a specified sequence across the physical medium
3.1.10
payload data
contents of a data message that is being transmitted
3.1.11
personal operating space
space of typically about 10 m around a person or an object, no matter whether this person or
object is stationary or in motion
3.1.12
protocol data unit
unit of data exchanged between two peer entities
3.1.13
service data unit
information delivered as a unit through a service access point (SAP)
3.2 Abbreviations
The following acronyms and abbreviations are used in this standard. They are commonly used
in other industry publications.
BI Beacon Interval
BN Beacon Number
BO Beacon Order
BOP Beacon Only Period
BSN Beacon Sequence Number
BTTSL Beacon Transmit Time Slot Length
CAP Contention Access Period
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ISO/IEC 29145-2 © ISO/IEC 2014 – 9 –
CFP Contention-Free Period
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
CSMA-CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access With Collision Avoidance
DSN Data Sequence Number
ED Energy Detection
ID Identifier
IFS Interframe Space or Spacing
LIFS Long Interframe Spacing
LQ Link Quality
LQI Link Quality Indication
LR-WPAN Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Network
MAC Medium Access Control
MFR MAC Footer
MHR MAC Header
MIB MAC Information Base
MLME MAC Layer Management Entity
MLME-SAP MAC Layer Management Entity-Service Access Point
MPDU MAC Protocol Data Unit
MSDU MAC Service Data Unit
NAA Next Address Available
PDU Protocol Data Unit
PHY Physical Layer
PIB PAN Information Base
PLME Physical Layer Management Entity
PLME-SAP Physical Layer Management Entity-Service Access Point
POS Personal Operating Space
PQP Prioritised QoS Period
QoS Quality of Service
RAP Reservation-based Access Period
RSSI Received Signal Strength Indication
RX Receive or Receiver
SAP Service Access Point
SD Superframe Duration
SDL Specification and Description Language
SDU Service Data Unit
SO Superframe Order
WED WiBEEM End Device
WiBEEM Wireless Beacon-enabled Energy Efficient Mesh network
WMC WiBEEM Mesh Co-ordinator
WRC WiBEEM Routable Co-ordinator
3.3 Conventions
All the italicized words used in this standard represent relevant constants defined and stored
in the MIB (Management Information Base) of each layer.
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4 Conformance
A wireless device that claims conformance to this standard shall implement all the primitives
that are specified in 6.2 and the MAC frame formats in 6.3. Each WiBEEM device shall be
able to act as a WMC, a WRC and a WED. When operating in the role of a WMC it shall act
as specified in 5.3.2 of ISO/IEC 29145-1:2014, when operating in the role of a WRC, it shall
act as specified in 5.3.3 of ISO/IEC 29145-1:2014, and when operating in the role of a WED, it
shall act as specified in 5.3.3 of ISO/IEC 29145-1:2014.
5 Overview of the WiBEEM technology
Clause 5 of ISO/IEC 29145-1:2014 presents an overview of the WiBEEM technology and the
functionalities of the WiBEEM devices.
6 MAC layer specifications
6.1 General
This clause specifies the MAC layer of this standard. The MAC layer handles all access to the
physical radio channel and is responsible for the following tasks:
– generating network beacons if the device is a co-ordinator;
– synchronising to network beacons;
– supporting the mesh network association and disassociation;
– supporting device security;
– employing the CSMA/CA mechanism for channel access;
– handling and maintaining the RAP mechanism;
– providing a reliable link between two peer MAC entities;
– providing multi-rate operation between PLME and MLME.
Constants and attributes that are specified and maintained by the MAC layer are written in the
text of this clause in italics. Constants have a general prefix of “a”. Attributes have a general
prefix of “mac”.
6.2 MAC layer service specifications
6.2.1 Service overview
The MAC layer services provide an interface between the MAC layer and the PHY layer. The
MAC layer conceptually includes a management entity called MLME. This entity shall provide
the service interfaces through which layer management functions may be invoked. MLME is
also responsible for maintaining a database of managed objects pertaining to the MAC layer.
This database is referred to as the MIB representing the MAC layer information base. The
MAC layer provides two services, accessed through two SAPs:
– MAC data service, accessed through the MAC layer data SAP (MLDE-SAP), and
– MAC management service, accessed through the MLME-SAP.
These two services provide the interface between the MAC and the PHY layers, via the PLDE-
SAP and PLME-SAP interfaces shown in Figure 1. In addition to these external interfaces, an
implicit interface also exists b
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