ISO 7240-25:2010

Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 25: Components using radio transmission paths

ISO 7240-25:2010 specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for components used in fire detection and alarm systems, installed in and around buildings, which use radio-frequency (r.f.) transmission paths. It specifies requirements for the assessment of conformance of the components to the requirements of ISO 7240-25:2010. Where components work together and this requires knowledge of the system design, ISO 7240-25:2010 also specifies requirements for the system. When the fire detection and alarm system uses wired and r.f. transmission paths, the relevant parts of ISO 7240 apply together with ISO 7240-25:2010. Requirements relevant to wire transmission paths are superseded or modified by those included in ISO 7240-25:2010. ISO 7240-25:2010 does not restrict the intended use of radio spectrum, e.g. frequency, power output of devices; the allowed maximum number of the components using r.f. transmission paths within the fire detection and alarm system or one wire transmission path and/or r.f. transmission path; or the allowed maximum number of the components affected by loss of one wire transmission path and/or r.f. transmission path.

Systèmes de détection et d'alarme d'incendie — Partie 25: Composants utilisant des voies de transmission radio

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 10-May-2010
• ICS: 13.220.20 - Fire protection
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 21/SC 3 - Fire detection and alarm systems
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 21/SC 3 - Fire detection and alarm systems
• Current Stage: 9060 - Close of review
• Start Date: 02-Dec-2028

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 7240-25
First edition
2010-06-01

Fire detection and fire alarm systems —
Part 25:
Components using radio transmission
paths
Systèmes de détection et d'alarme d'incendie —
Partie 25: Composants utilisant des voies de transmission radio




Reference number
ISO 7240-25:2010(E)
©
ISO 2010

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ISO 7240-25:2010(E)
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ISO 7240-25:2010(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.vi
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Definitions and abbreviations .2
3.1 Definitions .2
3.2 Abbreviated terms .5
4 System requirements.5
4.1 General .5
4.2 Radio frequency transmission paths .5
5 Components requirements.7
5.1 Compliance .7
5.2 General .7
5.3 Power supply equipment.7
5.4 Environmental.8
6 Marking.9
7 Data.9
7.1 General .9
7.2 Input/output devices .10
8 Tests .10
8.1 General requirements .10
8.2 System tests .11
8.3 Components tests .21
Annex A (normative) Test configuration by using radio-frequency-shielded test equipment .37
Annex B (normative) Immunity to site attenuation (path loss) .41
Annex C (informative) Data and calculation of the service life of the autonomous power source(s).42
Bibliography.44

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ISO 7240-25:2010(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 7240-25 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and fire fighting,
Subcommittee SC 3, Fire detection and alarm systems.
ISO 7240 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fire detection and alarm systems:
⎯ Part 1: General and definitions
⎯ Part 2: Control and indicating equipment
⎯ Part 3: Audible alarm devices
⎯ Part 4: Power supply equipment
⎯ Part 5: Point-type heat detectors
⎯ Part 6: Carbon monoxide fire detectors using electro-chemical cells
⎯ Part 7: Point-type smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization
⎯ Part 8: Carbon monoxide fire detectors using an electro-chemical cell in combination with a heat sensor
⎯ Part 9: Test fires for fire detectors [Technical Specification]
⎯ Part 10: Point-type flame detectors
⎯ Part 11: Manual call points
⎯ Part 12: Line type smoke detectors using a transmitted optical beam
⎯ Part 13: Compatibility assessment of system components
⎯ Part 14: Guidelines for drafting codes of practice for design, installation and use of fire detection and fire
alarm systems in and around buildings [Technical report]
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ISO 7240-25:2010(E)
⎯ Part 15: Point type fire detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization sensors in
combination with a heat sensor
⎯ Part 16: Sound system control and indicating equipment
⎯ Part 17: Short-circuit isolators
⎯ Part 18: Input/output devices
⎯ Part 19: Design, installation, commissioning and service of sound systems for emergency purposes
⎯ Part 20: Aspirating smoke detectors
⎯ Part 21: Routing equipment
⎯ Part 22: Smoke-detection equipment for ducts
⎯ Part 24: Sound-system loudspeakers
⎯ Part 25: Components using radio transmission paths
⎯ Part 27: Point-type fire detectors using a scattered-light, transmitted-light or ionization smoke sensor, an
electrochemical-cell carbon-monoxide sensor and a heat sensor
⎯ Part 28: Fire protection control equipment
A part 23, dealing with visual alarm indicators, is under development.
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ISO 7240-25:2010(E)
Introduction
This part of ISO 7240 is based on European Standard EN 54-25, prepared by the European Committee for
Standardization, CEN/TC 72, Fire detection and fire alarm systems.
This part of ISO 7240 defines requirements and tests in addition to those in other parts of ISO 7240 that allow
components of a fire detection and alarm system using radio transmission paths to operate with an integrity
and stability similar to those of wire transmission paths.
This part of ISO 7240 includes both equipment and system requirements because of the integral relationship
between equipment that forms the system.
Limitations to the use of radio components, such as capacity, can be specified in national rules or guidelines.
Technical aspects of the assessment of frequencies, bands and channels should be considered.

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7240-25:2010(E)

Fire detection and fire alarm systems —
Part 25:
Components using radio transmission paths
1 Scope
This part of ISO 7240 specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for components used in
fire detection and alarm systems, installed in and around buildings, which use radio-frequency (r.f.)
transmission paths. It specifies requirements for the assessment of conformance of the components to the
requirements of this part of ISO 7240.
Where components work together and this requires knowledge of the system design, this part of ISO 7240
also specifies requirements for the system.
When the fire detection and alarm system uses wired and r.f. transmission paths, the relevant parts of
ISO 7240 apply together with this part of ISO 7240. Requirements relevant to wire transmission paths are
superseded or modified by those included in this part of ISO 7240.
This part of ISO 7240 does not restrict
⎯ the intended use of radio spectrum, e.g. frequency, power output of devices;
⎯ the allowed maximum number of the components using r.f. transmission paths within the fire detection
and alarm system or one wire transmission path and/or r.f. transmission path;
⎯ the allowed maximum number of the components affected by loss of one wire transmission path and/or r.f.
transmission path.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 7240-2, Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 2: Control and indicating equipment
ISO 7240-4, Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 4: Power supply equipment
ISO 7240-5:2003, Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 5: Point-type heat detectors
ISO 7240-11, Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 11: Manual call points
ISO 7240-18, Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 18: Input/output devices
IEC 60068-1, Environmental testing — Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 60068-2-1, Environmental testing — Part 2-1: Tests — Test A: Cold
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ISO 7240-25:2010(E)
IEC 60068-2-2, Environmental testing — Part 2-2: Tests — Test B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-6, Environmental testing — Part 2-6: Tests — Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-27, Environmental testing — Part 2-27: Tests — Test Ea and guidance: Shock
IEC 60068-2-30, Environmental testing — Part 2-30: Tests — Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h + 12 h cycle)
IEC 60068-2-42, Environmental testing — Part 2-42: Tests — Test Kc: Sulphur dioxide test for contacts and
connections
IEC 60068-2-78, Environmental testing — Part 2-78: Tests — Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state
IEC 61620:1998, Insulating liquids — Determination of the dielectric dissipation factor by measurement of the
conductance and capacitance — Test method
IEC 61672-1:2002, Electroacoustics — Sound level meters — Part 1: Specifications
ITU-T O.153, Basic parameters for the measurement of error performance at bit rates below the primary rate
EN 50130-4, Alarm systems — Part 4: Electromagnetic compatibility — Product family standard: Immunity
requirements for components of fire, intruder and social alarm systems
3 Definitions and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions and symbols given in ISO 7240-1 and the following
apply.
3.1 Definitions
3.1.1
adjacent channel selectivity
measure of the capability of the receiver to operate satisfactorily in the presence of an unwanted signal that
differs in frequency from the wanted signal by an amount equal to the adjacent channel separation for which
the equipment is intended
3.1.2
antenna
element of a radio component of the fire detection and alarm system that allows coupling between the
component and the media where r.f. waves are propagated
3.1.3
assigned band
frequency band within which the equipment is authorized to operate
3.1.4
autonomous power source
p.s.e. without any link to the public power supply or an equivalent system not rechargeable during operation
and able by itself to power the supplied component
EXAMPLE A primary battery.
3.1.5
base station
transceiver in the system that communicates with a certain number of components
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ISO 7240-25:2010(E)
3.1.6
blocking or desensitization
measure of the capability of the receiver to receive a wanted modulated signal without exceeding a given
degradation due to the presence of an unwanted input signal at any frequencies other than those of the
spurious responses or the adjacent channels or bands
3.1.7
collision
simultaneous transmissions, from two or more transmitters belonging to the same system, of sufficient signal
strength to cause, by mutual interaction, corruption or obliteration of the information carried by the r.f.
transmission path
3.1.8
compatibility
capacity of a component of the system to operate with another component of this system
⎯ within the limits specified by each component,
⎯ within the specified limits given by the relevant parts of ISO 7240 if available or given by the manufacturer
if not available,
⎯ within specified configurations of the system
3.1.9
fire detection and alarm system
group of components including a c.i.e. that, when arranged in (a) specified configuration(s), is capable of
detecting and indicating a fire, and giving signals for appropriate action
3.1.10
identification code
part of a message used to identify a transmitting r.f. communication device belonging to the system
3.1.11
intermediate element
device connected to a transmission path of a fire detection and alarm system, used to receive and/or transmit
signals necessary for the operation of the fire detection and alarm system
NOTE An intermediate element meets the requirements of an input/output device in accordance with ISO 7240-18
but it is not restricted to electrical signals.
3.1.12
limited frequency range
frequency of the local oscillator signal (f ) applied to the first mixer of the receiver plus or minus the sum of
LO
the intermediate frequencies (f ,. f ) and half of the switching range, r , of the receiver, as defined by the
I1 In sw
expression in Equation (1):
nn
rr
sw sw
− ff−− uu  +  (1)
fff
∑∑
IIjj
LO l LO
22
jj=1 =1
3.1.13
manufacturer
natural or legal person who places the equipment on the market under his own name
NOTE Normally, the manufacturer designs and manufactures the product himself. A manufacturer can also design,
manufacture, assemble, pack, process or label the product as subcontractor or he assembles, packs, processes, or labels
products as ready-made products.
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ISO 7240-25:2010(E)
3.1.14
r.f. transmission path
means of communication between at least two points, using r.f. wave propagation
3.1.15
radio part
component or part of the component incorporating the receiver and/or transmitter
NOTE The radio part can include a power supply, e.g. an autonomous power source.
3.1.16
receiver
device that receives the r.f. energy corresponding to an r.f. transmission path
NOTE The receiver can be incorporated in a component of the fire detection and alarm system.
3.1.17
r.f. interference
r.f. transmission from a source other than a component of the fire detection and alarm system that can cause
corruption or obliteration of wanted signals and that does not conform to the definition of collision or message
substitution
3.1.18
service life
period of useful life of an autonomous power source under specified conditions
3.1.19
site attenuation
degradation of the r.f. signal due to either transmission path loss or a change in the environment of the fire
detection and alarm system after its installation
NOTE Site attenuation can be changed for example by installation or relocation of reflection or absorption materials.
3.1.20
special tool
device not normally carried by the public (e.g. a key), normally provided by the manufacturer and that is used
for opening the enclosure of the component to detach the antenna
NOTE It is intended to deter unauthorized access to the antenna, while being available on site either at a defined
location or from a “responsible person” familiar with and having knowledge of the system.
3.1.21
spurious response rejection
measure of the capability of the receiver to receive a wanted, modulated signal without exceeding a given
degradation due to the presence of an unwanted, modulated signal at any other frequency at which a
response is obtained
3.1.22
switching range
r
sw
maximum frequency range over which the receiver or the transmitter can be operated within the alignment
range without reprogramming or realignment
3.1.23
transmitter
device which generates the r.f. energy necessary for an r.f. transmission path
NOTE The transmitter can be incorporated in a component of the fire detection and alarm system.
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ISO 7240-25:2010(E)
3.2 Abbreviated terms
c.i.e. control and indicating equipment
p.s.e. power supply equipment
r.f. radio frequency
RMS root mean square
4 System requirements
4.1 General
The requirements of this part of ISO 7240 shall be applied, together with requirements of the relevant part of
ISO 7240, where the r.f. transmission path component has the same function as the component covered by
that part and when not otherwise specified in this part of ISO 7240.
For example, a component with a r.f. transmission path, having the function of a heat detector shall comply
with ISO 7240-5 and a component having the function of a manual call point shall comply with ISO 7240-11.
4.2 Radio frequency transmission paths
4.2.1 Immunity to site attenuation
The manufacturer shall provide means either in the component itself or by the system configuration to ensure
that a site attenuation, which can be caused by influences for different reasons on site, shall not affect the r.f.
transmission path adversely in a way that communication between components is not possible.
The immunity to site attenuation shall be specified as follows:
a) for r.f. operating frequencies up to 10 MHz: at least 10 dB;
b) for r.f. operating frequencies higher than 10 MHz: as calculated in Annex B.
The manufacturer shall provide the necessary documentation and/or means of evaluation that permits an
assessment of the full functionality of the component. If these means are a part of the component, the user
shall not be able to interfere with these means (see 8.2.2).
4.2.2 Alarm signal integrity
The components of the system shall use a transmission protocol on the transmission path to ensure that no
alarm message is lost (see 8.2.3).
4.2.3 Identification of components
4.2.3.1 Each component using an r.f. transmission path shall be identified by an individual identification
code as belonging to one specific fire detection and alarm system.
4.2.3.2 The manufacturer shall provide means to ensure that a component using an r.f. transmission path
shall not be accepted by other fire detection and alarm systems (see 8.2.4).
4.2.4 Receiver performance
Unless otherwise specified in mandatory national regulations, the receiver shall meet the requirements given
in Table 1.
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ISO 7240-25:2010(E)
Table 1 — Minimum receiver performance characteristics
Working frequency
Limit
Characteristic offset Notes
dB
MHz
For all bandwidths and modulation
Adjacent channel selectivity W 36 ⎯
schemes
W 40 ± 1
In direct sequence spread spectrum
W 45 ± 2
Blocking or desensitization systems (DSSS) the working frequency
W 60 ± 5
is the centre frequency
W 65 ± 10
Spurious response rejection W 40 ⎯ ⎯

The manufacturer of the receiver shall provide a test report by a test laboratory to demonstrate that the
requirements of this subclause are fulfilled. If the manufacturer cannot provide this evidence, the tests
described in 8.2.5 shall be conducted. The manufacturer shall provide the means to carry out the test,
e.g. stop frequency hopping.
4.2.5 Immunity to interference
4.2.5.1 General
4.2.5.1.1 Tests shall be conducted to determine the level of immunity to the following sources:
⎯ radio influences from the fire detection and alarm system;
⎯ radio influences from other users of the spectrum.
4.2.5.1.2 The following influences are not covered:
⎯ random influences as a result of electromagnetic effects;
NOTE 1 These are covered by EMC guidelines (see EN 50130-4).
⎯ deliberate electromagnetic attack on the r.f. transmission path.
NOTE 2 No special sabotage resistance is required for fire detection and alarm systems in ISO 7240.
4.2.5.1.3 Unless otherwise specified in mandatory national regulations, the requirements of 4.2.5 shall
apply.
4.2.5.2 Availability of r.f. transmission path in two or more technically similar systems from the
same manufacturer
For two or more technically similar systems from the same manufacturer operating within the same radio
range the r.f. transmission paths shall not mutually impede one another.
The manufacturer shall specify the means for assessment, which shall be suitable to ensure the availability of
all parts of the system in all expected system configurations (see 8.2.6).
4.2.5.3 Availability of the r.f. transmission path in the presence of other band users
Where equipment from other users is operating at the maximum permitted limits (e.g. power, bandwidth and
duty cycle) in the same r.f. band or sub-band, r.f. interference shall not prevent signal transmission (see 8.2.7).
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ISO 7240-25:2010(E)
NOTE The definition in EN 300220-1 applies for establishing the duty cycle.
4.2.5.4 Integrity of the r.f. transmission path
The application of one of the r.f. interference signals specified in 8.2.7 to one of the fire detection and alarm
system receivers shall not cause an alarm condition or a fault warning condition at the c.i.e.
4.2.6 Loss of communication
The loss of the ability of the system to transmit a message of any component with an r.f. transmission path to
the c.i.e. within periods specified in ISO 7240-2 shall be recognized in less than 300 s and shall be indicated
in less than 100 s (see 8.2.8).
4.2.7 Antenna
The antenna or its cable shall be detachable only by opening the enclosure of the component or by using
special tools provided by the manufacturer (see 8.2.9).
5 Components requirements
5.1 Compliance
In order to comply with this part of ISO 7240, the components shall meet the requirements of this Clause 5,
which shall be verified by visual inspection or engineering assessment, shall be tested in accordance with
Clause 8 and shall meet the requirements of the tests.
5.2 General
5.2.1 All components shall meet the requirements of the relevant part of ISO 7240 and the additional
specific requirements in 5.3 and 5.4, including the transmission paths.
5.2.2 The component shall be designed such that the removal from its base and/or point of installation are
detected and indicated as a fault.
5.2.3 Components that rely on software control in order to fulfil the requirements of this part of ISO 7240
shall comply with the relevant part of ISO 7240.
5.3 Power supply equipment
5.3.1 The components shall be powered by
a) an autonomous power source, e.g. a primary battery; or
b) a p.s.e. in accordance with ISO 7240-4.
5.3.2 All components powered by an autonomous power source shall be within the enclosure of the
component.
The manufacturer shall declare the type of the autonomous power source and its service life for the
component in normal operation. The service life shall be demonstrated by a statement of calculation. This
calculation shall take into account the mean consumption and voltage under quiescent and at standard
atmospheric conditions. The product of the specified discharge time and the mean discharge current shall not
be greater than 85 % of the rated capacity of the power source.
NOTE The remaining 15 % of the rated capacity takes into account self-discharge of the power source.
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ISO 7240-25:2010(E)
The mean consumption shall be calculated based on the electronic element of the circuit.
Where calculation is not practical, the mean consumption shall be measured at nominal voltage for at least 1 h
under quiescent operation after the stabilization period specified by the manufacturer. The verification of this
calculation shall be made as defined in 8.3.3. Annex C gives an example for the calculation of the service life
of the autonomous power source.
5.3.3 All components powered by an autonomous power source shall be able to transmit a fault signal (low
power) before the power source fails. The following conditions shall be taken into account (see 8.3.4).
a) The component shall be capable of generating and transmitting a fault signal within 60 min after replacing
a good or new autonomous power source by a preconditioned power source representing a discharged
power source at the end of its service life.
b) The component shall be capable of operating as intended when it is activated using the preconditioned
power source representing a discharged power source at the end of its service life.
c) The component shall keep the fire alarm condition and/or another activated condition for at least 30 min
(where alarm condition is not applicable).
5.3.4 The loss of the power source shall be indicated as a fault signal from point in accordance with
ISO 7240-2. Where several power sources are used for different functions within one component, the fault
signal shall be given for each power source (see 5.3.3).
5.3.5 Either the component shall be designed to make polarity reversal impossible or, if not, the polarity of
the connections for the power source shall be identifiable and the polarity reversal shall not damage the
component (see 8.3.5).
5.4 Environmental
5.4.1 General
Components shall be tested to the environmental tests defined in the relevant part of ISO 7240. The functional
tests of the radio part of the component before and after the environmental treatment shall be conducted in
accordance with 8.3.
The type and severity of the environmental tests are separately specified for the following main categories of
equipment containing a transmitter/receiver:
⎯ c.i.e.;
⎯ other components (e.g. detectors, manual call points, input/output devices).
5.4.2 General test procedure
Unless otherwise stated, the components of the fire detection and alarm system containing the transmitter and
the receiver, respectively, shall be mounted in the radio-frequency-shielded test equipment in accordance with
Annex A.
The component transmitting the alarm signal shall be
...