ISO/FDIS 20947-2
(Main)Protocole d'évaluation de la performance des systèmes d'habillage virtuel
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Standards Content (sample)
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 20947-2
ISO/TC 133 Secretariat: SABS
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2019-05-28 2019-08-20
Performance evaluation protocol for digital fitting
systems —
Part 2:
Virtual garment
Protocole d'évaluation de la performance des systèmes d'habillage virtuel —
Partie 2: Vêtement virtuel
ICS: 61.020
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ISO/DIS 20947-2:2019(E)
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PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2019
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ISO/DIS 20947-2:2019(E)
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ISO/DIS 20947-2:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Functions ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................16
4.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................16
4.2 Data import .............................................................................................................................................................................................17
4.3 Digital fitting ..........................................................................................................................................................................................17
4.4 Function to measure lengths of lines ................................................................................................................................17
5 Qualitative evaluation of performance ......................................................................................................................................17
6 Quantitative evaluation of performance ..................................................................................................................................17
6.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................17
6.2 Import of virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model ..................................................................................................17
6.3 Import virtual garment pattern and measure the lines ....................................................................................18
6.3.1 Upper ......................................................................................................................................................................................18
6.4 Import sewing information .......................................................................................................................................................19
6.5 Three-dimensional arrangement of virtual patterns ..........................................................................................20
6.6 Virtual sewing .......................................................................................................................................................................................21
6.7 Measurement of lengths of virtual garment ...............................................................................................................22
6.8 Calculation of difference ..............................................................................................................................................................22
7 Report ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................22
8 Evaluation .................................................................................................................................................................................................................22
Annex A (informative) Example of measurements in a 3D CAD system ........................................................................24
Annex B (normative) Format for report: Qualitative evaluation of a digital fitting system .....................25
Annex C (informative) Example of report: Qualitative evaluation of a digital fitting system .................26
Annex D (normative) Format for report (Upper): Quantitative evaluation of a digital fitting
system ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................28
Annex E (informative) Example of report (Upper): Quantitative evaluation of a digital
fitting system .........................................................................................................................................................................................................30
Annex F (normative) Format for report (Lower): Quantitative evaluation of a digital fitting
system ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................32
Annex G (normative) Format for report (One-piece dress): Quantitative evaluation of a
digital fitting system ......................................................................................................................................................................................34
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ISO/DIS 20947-2:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 133, Clothing sizing systems - size
designation, size measurement methods and digital fittings.ISO 20947 consists of three parts, under the general title Performance evaluation protocol for digital
fitting systems.— Part 1– Accuracy of virtual human body representation
— Part 2 –Virtual garment
— Part 3 –Digital fitting performance
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DIS 20947-2:2019(E)
Introduction
Digital fitting systems are used more frequently for evaluating the fit of garment without making
actual physical patterns or physical garments. In a digital fitting system, a virtual garment is made
using virtual patterns, and the fit of physical garment on a physical human body is assessed by draping
a virtual garment on a virtual body or a virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model. Such system is useful for
designers, manufacturers, educationalists because the system helps to improve the fit of garments and
productivity.The use of the digital fitting system, employed to evaluate the suitability of real garments on real human
body with the use of virtual garments on a virtual human body in cyberspace, is growing in popularity.
The system eliminates the need for physical garment production with fabric in product evaluation.
Using computer-generated virtual garment pattern, virtual garment is created and tested on either a
virtual human body or a virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model. The technology is expected to improve
garment fit and increasing productivity. It benefits not only those engaged in garment design but also
consumers at the time of garment purchase, with better fit and wider choice of sizes in mass-produced
products.Digital fitting technology is still developing, and there is a wide range of differences in the specification
and performance between digital fitting systems. This makes it difficult for users (designers,
manufacturers, educationalists and retailers of garments) to select an appropriate system for their
purposes.Notwithstanding, the digital fitting system is still developing, with wide differences among systems
regarding functions and performance description. This makes the choice of the right system extremely
difficult for the system user (garment design and retail).This international standards addresses the second standard of the series. It explains a protocol
for describing the performance and specification of virtual garment pattern cutting and clothing
simulation. This international standard is intended to be used by fashion designers and pattern
technologists (makers) for generating virtual garment patterns, and testing them on a virtual fit
mannequin (fit form) model or a virtual human body. Additionally, data for the virtual fit mannequin
(fit form) model and virtual garment pattern will be developed as reference, to enable the system user
to reproduce the purported system performance values.© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved v
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 20947-2:2019(E)
Performance evaluation protocol for digital fitting
systems —
Part 2:
Virtual garment
1 Scope
This standard specifies the method for describing the functions and the method for evaluating
the performance of the virtual garment pattern cutting and clothing simulation modules of digital
fitting systems. This international standard is intended to be used by fashion designers and pattern
technologists (makers) for generating virtual garment patterns, and testing them on a virtual fit
mannequin (fit form) model.This standard specifies a method for describing the functions and a method for evaluating the
performance of the virtual garment pattern cutting and clothing simulation modules of digital
fitting systems. The performance is evaluated by comparison between the length of 2D pattern and
corresponding length of 3D garment in digital (virtual) space. The standard also requires reporting
format of the functions and the performance. This international standard is intended to be used by
fashion designers and pattern technologists (makers) for generating virtual garment patterns, and
testing them on a virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model or a virtual human body.
A typical design process of virtual pattern cutting and virtual try-on starts from 2D virtual garment
pattern cutting. Then virtual garment patterns are put on a virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model or
a virtual human body in the virtual 3D space. Whereas, some systems enable another design process,
such as direct 3D pattern cutting on a virtual human body with clothing simulation. This international
standard is not limited to the system based on the typical design process. The performance evaluation
method is independent from the design process. The method is developed to assess the performance of
the clothing simulation module.Intended users of this standard are users those who plan to introduce/renew digital fitting systems.
The user sends material information of specific fabric to multiple developers of digital fitting systems.
Developers assess their systems based on this standard using the specified information, and return the
result report to the user according to this standard.2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 18163, Clothing — Digital fittings — Vocabulary and terminology used for the virtual garment
ISO 18825-1, Clothing — Digital fittings — Part 1: Vocabulary and terminology used for the virtual
human bodyISO/CD 20947-1, Performance evaluation protocol for digital fitting systems — Part 1: Accuracy of virtual
human body representation3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
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3.1
Digital fitting system
Digital fitting system provides qualitative and/or quantitative evaluation of overall and/or specific
simulation garment fit through analysis of the distribution of surface strain, gap between body and
garment, heat map, cross section, surface wrinkles, garment balance, etc.3.2
Virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model
Virtual model of a fit mannequin (fit form) in a virtual space used for digital fitting. Fit mannequin (fit
form) model is used for draping and examining silhouette and fit of a garment.Note 1 to entry: see ISO/WD 20947-1 Performance evaluation protocol for digital fitting systems - Part1 Accuracy
of virtual human body representation3.3
Virtual garment pattern
Shapes consisting of straight lines and closed curves that mark the area of a digitized pattern to be
used on the virtual garment. Each pattern consists of a contoured and multiple internal lines, which are
used to express seams, internal openings, fold lines, and other garment characteristics.
3.4Virtual garment
Three-dimensional clothing in digital form that exists in virtual space.
3.5
Clothing simulation
Creation and drape simulation of a virtual garment on the virtual human body using a virtual garment
pattern, virtual sewing and bounding volume.3.6
Material properties
Physical properties of material include tensile modulus, bending rigidity, shear resistance, thickness,
weight, etc. These can be simulated for virtual fabrics using cloth simulation models eg (see AnnexD).
3.7Sewing information
Information necessary to construct a virtual garment from virtual garment patterns. Sewing
information includes seam lines, specific points on a virtual garment pattern such as positions of snaps,
hooks, and buttons, notch marks, grain line, and layer information.3.8
Lines on virtual pattern and their lengths
3.8.1
General
Lengths are measured on lines of the virtual garment pattern and described in clause 3.8. For lines that
may be measured on either side of virtual garment pattern or virtual garment, it should be indicated
on which side the length was measured. The virtual garment pattern that is used for evaluating the
performance of digital fitting systems does not have easing or stretching at any lines or darts. Darts
are not included in the length measurement. In order to evaluate the performance of a digital fitting
system using an asymmetrical virtual garment pattern or lines including easing or stretching, it is
recommended that any additional lengths are measured.3.8.2
Upper pattern
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3.8.2.1
Bust line
Straight line passing the level of the breast point of the pattern and perpendicular to the front centre
line of the front bodice from the left side line to the right side line (front bust line), or perpendicular to
the back centre line of the back bodice from the left side line to the right side line (back bust line). See
Figure 1. Length of the front bust line, length of back bust line, and total length are measured.
Figure 1 — Bust line3.8.2.2
Shoulder line
Straight line at the shoulder of front bodice or back bodice along which the front bodice and back bodice
are stitched together. See Figure 2. Length of shoulder lines are measured.Figure 2 — Shoulder line
3.8.2.3
Armhole line
Lines at the armhole of front bodice or back bodice. See Figure 3. Length of armhole lines, and total
length of armhole lines of front bodice and back bodice are measured.© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 3
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Figure 3 — Armhole line
3.8.2.4
Neck line
Lines at the neck of front bodice or back bodice. See Figure 4. Length of front neck line, length of back
neck line, and total length are measured.Figure 4 — Neck line
3.8.2.5
Side seam line
Lines at the side of front bodice or back bodice along which the front bodice and back bodice are stitched
together. See Figure 5. Length of side lines (right or left of front or back side lines) are measured.
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Figure 5 — Side line
3.8.2.6
Centre front line
Straight line passing the centre of front neck line and perpendicular to the bust line. See Figure 6. Length
is measured from neck line to hem line.Figure 6 — Centre front line
3.8.2.7
Centre back line
Straight line passing the centre of back neck line and perpendicular to the bust line. See Figure 7. Length
is measured from neck line to hem line.© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 5
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Figure 7 — Centre back line
3.8.2.8
Hem line
Line at the hem of front bodice or back bodice. See Figure 8. Length of the front hem line, length of back
hem line, and total length are measured.Figure 8 — Hemline
3.8.2.9
Sleeve crown cap seam line
Line of the garment pattern of sleeve along which the sleeve and front bodice or sleeve and back bodice
are stitched together. See Figure 9. Length of right or left sleeve crown seam line is measured.
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Figure 9 — Sleeve crown seam line
3.8.2.10
Sleeve width line
Straight line connecting the two ends of a sleeve crown seam line. See Figure 10. Length of right or left
sleeve width line is measured.Figure 10 — Sleeve width line
3.8.2.11
Sleeve length line
Straight line passing the top of the sleeve crown seam line and perpendicular to sleeve width line (bicep
line). See Figure 11. Length is measured from the top of the sleeve crown seam line to sleeve hem line of
the right or left sleeve.© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 7
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Figure 11 — Sleeve length line
3.8.2.12
Underarm seam line
Lines connecting the edge of sleeve crown seam line and edge of sleeve hem line along which a sleeve is
stitched to make a tube. See Figure 12. Length is measured from the edge of the sleeve crown seam line
to the edge of sleeve hem line of the right or left sleeve. Either of two lines of the left or right sleeves are
measured because the lengths are the same.Figure 12 — Underarm seam line
3.8.2.13
Sleeve hem line
Line at the lower edge of the sleeve pattern indicating the hem. See Figure 13. Length is measured for
the right or left sleeve hem line.8 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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Figure 13 — Sleeve hem line
3.8.3
Lower pattern
3.8.3.1
Waist line (top of band)
Line that corresponds to the waist line in pattern design. (Figure 14). The lengths of the front and of the
back waist lines and the total of the lengths are measured.Figure 14 — Waist line (top of band)
3.8.3.2
Seam between the belt and pants (belt side)
Line on the belt side at which the front and back belt and the front left and front right pant legs and back
left and back right pant legs are sewn together (Figure 15). Lengths of the front and back lines and the
total of the lengths are measured.Figure 15 — Seam bbetween belt and pant leg (belt side)
3.8.3.3
Seam between the belt and pant legs (pant side)
Line on the pant pants side at which the front and back belt and the front left and front right pant legs
and back left and back right pant legs are sewn together (Figure 16). Lengths of the front and back lines
and the total of the lengths are measured.© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 9
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Figure 16 — Seam between belt and pant legs (pant side)
3.8.3.4
Outside seam line
Seam line corresponding to the outer sides of the front left and front right of the pant legs and the back
left and back right of the pant legs. (Figure 17). The length of the outside seam line on either the left or
right front pant leg is measured.10 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DIS 20947-2:2019(E)
Figure 17 — Outside seam line
3.8.3.5
Inseam line
The inside line of the pant legs (below the crotch). (Figure 18). Length of inseam lines are measured.
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Figure 18 — Inseam line
3.8.4
One-piece dress
3.8.4.1
Bust line
Straight line passing the level of the breast point of the pattern and perpendicular to the front centre
line of the front bodice from the left side line to the right side line (front bust line), or perpendicular to
the back centre line of the back bodice from the left side line to the right side line (back bust line). See
Figure 19. Length of the front bust line, length of back bust line, and total length are measured.
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Figure 19 — Bust line
3.8.4.2
Shoulder line
Line at the shoulder of front bodice or back bodice along which the front bodice and back bodice are
stitched together. See Figure 20. Length of shoulder lines are measured.Figure 20 — Shoulder line
3.8.4.3
Neck line
Line at the neck of front bodice or back bodice. See Figure 21. Length of front neck line, length of back
neck line, and total length are measured.© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 13
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Figure 21 — Neck line
3.8.4.4
Centre front line
Straight line passing the centre of front neck line and perpendicular to the bust line. See Figure 22.
Length is measured from neck line to hem line.Figure 22 — Centre front line
3.8.4.5
Centre back line
Curve line passing the centre of back neck line to centre of back seam line. See Figure 23. Length is
measured from neck line to hem line.14 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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Figure 23 — Centre back line
3.8.4.6
Side seam line
Line at the side of front bodice or back bodice along which the front bodice and back bodice are stitched
together. See Figure 24. Length of side lines (right or left of front or back side lines) are measured.
Figure 24 — Side seam line3.8.4.7
Inseam line (front)
The inside lines of the front. See Figure 25. Length of inseam lines are measured.
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ISO/DIS 20947-2:2019(E)
Figure 25 — Inseam line (front)
3.8.4.8
Inseam line (Back)
The inside lines of the front. See Figure 26. Length of inseam lines are measured.
Figure 26 — Inseam line (back)4 Functions
4.1 General
Digital fitting systems shall have functions as described in clause 4.2 to 4.4.
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ISO/DIS 20947-2:2019(E)
4.2 Data import
a) Function to import three-dimensional virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model in file format;
b) Function to import two-dimensional virtual garment pattern in file format;c) Function to import three-dimensional virtual body;
d) Function to specify the material properties of cloth;
e) Function to specify the layers; and
f) Function to specify the sewing information.
4.3 Digital fitting
Qualitative and/or quantitative evaluation of overall and/or specific simulation garment fit through
analysis of the distribution of surface strain, gap between body and garment, heat map, cross section,
surface wrinkles, garment balance, etc.4.4 Function to measure lengths of lines
Function to measure lengths of lines of two-dimensional virtual garment patterns as shown in Table 1.
Function to measure lengths of lines of three-dimensional virtual garment draped fitted on the virtual
fit mannequin (fit form) model as shown in Table 1.5 Qualitative evaluation of performance
Performance of digital fitting systems are qualitatively evaluated by examining having or not having
functions listed in clause 4.6 Quantitative evaluation of performance
6.1 General
The quantitative performance of a digital fitting system is evaluated as given in 6.2 to 6.8.
6.2 Import of virtual fit mannequin (fit form) modelA physical fit mannequin (fit form) for which the 3D CAD data is openly available should be used. See
Figure 27.Import the three-dimensional shape information of the virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model to the
digital fitting system to be evaluated.© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 17
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Figure 27 — Example of 3D fit mannequin (fit form)
6.3 Import virtual garment pattern and measure the lines
A garment pattern whose shape and lengths of lines information are openly available shall be used. The
size of the garment pattern shall be appropriate for fit the imported virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model
6.3.1 UpperFigure 16 shows an example of garment pattern for the upper body whose shape and lengths of lines
information are openly available for this purpose.Figure 28 — Example of virtual pattern for performance evaluation
Import the
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