ISO 19703:2018

Generation and analysis of toxic gases in fire — Calculation of species yields, equivalence ratios and combustion efficiency in experimental fires

This document provides definitions and equations for the calculation of toxic product yields and the fire conditions under which they have been derived in terms of equivalence ratio and combustion efficiency. Sample calculations for practical cases are provided. The methods are intended to be used to produce either instantaneous or averaged values for those experimental fires in which time-resolved data are available. This document is intended to provide guidance to fire researchers for — recording appropriate experimental fire data, — calculating average yields of gases and smoke in fire effluents in fire tests and fire-like combustion in reduced scale apparatus, — characterizing burning behaviour in experimental fires in terms of equivalence ratio and combustion efficiency using oxygen consumption and product generation data. This document does not provide guidance on the operating procedure of any particular piece of apparatus or interpretation of data obtained therein (e.g. toxicological significance of results).

Production et analyse des gaz toxiques dans le feu — Calcul des taux de production des espèces, des rapports d'équivalence et de l'efficacité de combustion dans les feux expérimentaux

Le présent document donne des définitions et des équations permettant de calculer les taux de production en produits toxiques et les conditions de combustion dans lesquelles ces taux de production ont été déterminés en termes de rapport d'équivalence et d'efficacité de combustion. Des exemples pratiques de calculs sur éprouvettes sont également fournis. Les méthodes exposées sont destinées à être utilisées pour produire des valeurs instantanées ou moyennes pour les feux expérimentaux dans lesquels des données en fonction du temps sont disponibles. Le présent document a pour but de fournir des lignes directrices aux chercheurs du domaine de la lutte contre l'incendie, afin: — d'enregistrer des données appropriées relatives aux feux expérimentaux; — de calculer les taux de production moyens en gaz et en fumée dans les effluents pendant les essais au feu et dans des conditions de combustion analogues à celles d'un incendie sur un appareillage à échelle réduite; et — de caractériser les conditions de combustion dans les feux expérimentaux en termes de rapport d'équivalence et d'efficacité de combustion, en utilisant les caractéristiques de consommation d'oxygène et de génération de produits. Le présent document ne fournit aucune ligne directrice sur le mode opératoire d'un appareil spécifique ou sur l'interprétation des données acquises (interprétation toxicologique des résultats, par exemple).

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Jun-2018
• ICS: 13.220.01 - Protection against fire in general
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 92/SC 3 - Fire threat to people and environment
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 92/SC 3/WG 2 - Fire chemistry
• Current Stage: 9093 - International Standard confirmed
• Completion Date: 19-Jan-2024

Relations

• Revises: ISO 19703:2010 - Generation and analysis of toxic gases in fire — Calculation of species yields, equivalence ratios and combustion efficiency in experimental fires
• Effective Date: 23-Jan-2016

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19703
Third edition
2018-06
Generation and analysis of toxic gases
in fire — Calculation of species yields,
equivalence ratios and combustion
efficiency in experimental fires
Production et analyse des gaz toxiques dans le feu — Calcul des taux
de production des espèces, des rapports d'équivalence et de l'efficacité
de combustion dans les feux expérimentaux
Reference number
ISO 19703:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018

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ISO 19703:2018(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

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ISO 19703:2018(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and units . 3
5 Appropriate input data required for calculations . 4
5.1 Data handling . 4
5.1.1 Uncertainty . 4
5.1.2 Significant figures and rounding off . 5
5.2 Test specimen information . 5
5.2.1 Composition . 5
5.2.2 Net heat of combustion . 5
5.3 Fire conditions . 5
5.3.1 Apparatus . 5
5.3.2 Set-up procedure . 5
5.4 Data collection . 6
5.4.1 Data acquisition . 6
5.4.2 Measured data and observations .
...

ISO/FDIS 19703:2018(E)
ISO/FDIS 19703
2018-03-16
Generation and analysis of toxic gases in fire — Calculation of species yields, equivalence
ratios and combustion efficiency in experimental fires
Production et analyse des gaz toxiques dans le feu -- Calcul des taux de production des
espèces, des rapports d'équivalence et de l'efficacité de combustion dans les feux
expérimentaux
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved i

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 19703:2018(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national
standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally
carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a
technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.
International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in
the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all
matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 3, Fire
threat to people and environment.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 19703:2010), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— redundant symbols have been deleted;
— missing symbols have been added;
— units of some symbols in formulae and tables have been corrected to conform with the ISO/IEC
Directives, Part 2;
— unnecessary formulae have been deleted;
— mistakes in formulae have been corrected.
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

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ISO/FDIS 19703:2018(E)
Introduction
It is the view of committees ISO TC 92/SC 3, ISO TC 92/SC 4, and IEC TC 89 that commercial products
shallshould not be regulated solely on the basis of the toxic potency of the effluent produced when the
product is combusted in a bench-scale test apparatus (physical fire model). Rather, the information that
characterizes the toxic potency of the effluent shallshould be used in a fire risk or hazard assessment
that includes the other factors that contribute to determining the magnitude and impact of the effluent.
It is intended that the characterization of
a) the apparatus used to generate the effluent, and
b) the effluent itself
be in a form usable in such a fire safety assessment.
As described in ISO 13571, the time to incapacitation in a fire is determined by the integrated exposure
of a person to the fire effluent components. The toxic species concentrations depend on both the yields
originally generated and the successive dilution in air. The former are commonly obtained using a
bench-scale apparatus (in which a specimen from a commercial product is burned) or a real-scale fire
test of the commercial product. These yields, expressed as the mass of effluent component per mass of
fuel consumed, are then inserted into a fluid mechanical model which estimates the rate of fuel
consumption, transport and dilution of the effluent throughout the building as the fire evolves.
For the engineering analysis to produce accurate results, it is preferred that the yield data come from an
apparatus that has been demonstrated to produce yields comparable to those produced when the full
product is burned. In addition to depending on the chemical composition, conformation and physical
properties of the test specimen, toxic-product yields are sensitive to the combustion conditions in the
apparatus. Thus, one means of increasing the likeliho
...

NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 19703
Troisième édition
2018-06
Production et analyse des gaz
toxiques dans le feu — Calcul des
taux de production des espèces,
des rapports d'équivalence et de
l'efficacité de combustion dans les
feux expérimentaux
Generation and analysis of toxic gases in fire — Calculation of
species yields, equivalence ratios and combustion efficiency in
experimental fires
Numéro de référence
ISO 19703:2018(F)
©
ISO 2018

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ISO 19703:2018(F)

DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2018
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Genève
Tél.: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
Web: www.iso.org
Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2018 – Tous droits réservés

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ISO 19703:2018(F)

Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .v
Introduction .vi
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
4 Symboles et unités . 3
5 Données d’entrée appropriées pour les calculs . 4
5.1 Traitement des données . 4
5.1.1 Incertitude . 4
5.1.2 Chiffres significatifs et arrondi . 5
5.2 Information sur les éprouvettes d’essai . 5
5.2.1 Composition . 5
5.2.2 Pouvoir calorifique inférieur . 5
5.3 Conditions de combustion . 5
5.3.1 Appareillage . 5
5.3.2 Mode opératoire de réglage. 5
5.4 Collecte des données . 6
5.4.1 Acquisition des données . 6
5.4.2 Données mesurées et observations .
...