ISO/TR 14799-2:2015
(Main)Comparison of worldwide escalator and moving walk safety standards — Part 2: Abbreviated comparison and comments
Comparison of worldwide escalator and moving walk safety standards — Part 2: Abbreviated comparison and comments
ISO/TR 14799-2:2015 consists of a comparison of the requirements of selected topics as covered by the following worldwide safety standards (excluding local deviations): a) Europe (CEN) ? EN 115‑1, Safety of escalators and moving walks ? Part 1: Construction and installation (Edition 2010, including Amendment 1); b) North America - ASME A17.1/CSA B44-2010, Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators; c) Japan ? Safety requirements mainly comprised of Building Standard Law Enforcement Order (BSLJ-EO), Notifications of Ministry of Construction (MOC-N), and Japan Elevator Association Standard (JEAS). It is to be noted that in addition to the above listed standards and other regulations, escalators and moving walks may be required to conform to the requirements of other standards, as appropriate. Where ISO/TC 178 was aware of these standards, they are mentioned in Annex B.
Comparaison des normes mondiales de sécurité des escaliers mécaniques et trottoirs roulants — Partie 2: Comparaison abrégée et commentaires
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TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 14799-2
Second edition
2015-12-01
Comparison of worldwide escalator
and moving walk safety standards —
Part 2:
Abbreviated comparison and
comments
Comparaison des normes mondiales de sécurité des escaliers
mécaniques et trottoirs roulants —
Partie 2: Comparaison abrégée et commentaires
Reference number
ISO/TR 14799-2:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2015(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
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All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
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www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Acronyms, abbreviated designations, and terminology . 1
2.1 Acronyms and abbreviated designations . 1
2.2 Terminology (list of terms used in the codes) . 2
3 Basis for escalator and moving walk safety standards . 3
3.1 Historical origin and development of standards . 3
3.1.1 European Standard EN 115-1 . 3
3.1.2 North American Standard A17.1/B44 . 4
3.1.3 The Japanese codes . . 5
3.2 General — Technical basis and structure of standards . 8
3.3 Definitions . 9
4 Selected topics .11
4.1 General .11
4.2 Enclosure, inspection doors .12
4.3 Steps and pallets .15
4.4 Belts .18
4.5 Drive unit .18
4.6 Balustrade .25
4.7 Handrail system .29
4.8 Landings .30
4.9 Machinery spaces, driving stations, and return stations .33
4.10 Electric installation and appliances .34
4.11 Protection against electrical faults — Controls .35
4.12 Information for use .42
4.13 Building interfaces .45
Annex A (informative) Figures of EN115-1 .48
Annex B (informative) References in the compared codes .51
Annex C (informative) Addresses of standardization bodies occupied with the compared codes .55
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 178, Lifts, escalators and moving walks.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TR 14799-2:2005), which has been
technically revised.
ISO/TR 14799 consists of the following parts, under the general title Comparison of worldwide escalator
and moving walk safety standards:
— Part 1: Rule by rule comparison
— Part 2: Abbreviated comparison and comments
Annexes A and B form an integral part of this part of ISO/TR 14799.
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2015(E)
Introduction
At the 1995 plenary meeting of ISO/TC 178, the work on a comparison of worldwide standards which
includes the American, Australian, European, Russian, and Japanese escalator and moving walk safety
code was passed to ISO/TC 178 (Resolution Singapore 1995/114). In October 1995, working group 5
was officially formed to carry out the task of preparing a cross reference between the relevant sections
of these standards and to analyse the differences on selected subjects. The goal at that time was to
prepare a Technical Report which would provide reference information to assist national committees
when reviewing and revising individual standards which may initiate a gradual convergence of the
technical requirements. In 1996, the study was expanded to include the Korean safety standard.
Subsequently at the 2007 plenary meeting of ISO/TC 178, it was agreed to start the update in accordance
with Resolution 190/2001. However, it was also agreed only to restrict the comparison to the American,
European, and Japanese safety codes. That work was completed after six meetings in 2012.
The content of this Technical Report is based on the information provided by the WG 5 members acting
in personal capacity.
This Technical Report is intended to aid standards writers in developing their safety requirements and to
help standards users understand the basis for the requirements as they are applied throughout the world.
This Technical Report is not intended to replace existing safety standards which may have been
updated. Conclusions are arrived at in some cases, but only where is unanimity amongst the various
experts. In other cases, the reasons for the divergent views are expressed.
This Technical Report is to be read in conjunction with the various safety standards. Unless approved by
the relevant standard writing organizations, the information contained in this Technical Report does not
necessarily represent the opinions of these standards writing organizations (see Annex B for references).
The Technical Report was done with EN 115-1:2008 and its Amendment A1:2010 as a reference
document shown as the only one in its normal sequence. All other codes are not in their normal
sequence and logical order. They are structured differently to EN 115-1. The result incorrectly leaves
the impression of incompleteness of these standards. These standards in their original structure
inclusive of their references to other standards and requirements are however complete.
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TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 14799-2:2015(E)
Comparison of worldwide escalator and moving walk
safety standards —
Part 2:
Abbreviated comparison and comments
1 Scope
This part of ISO/TR 14799 consists of a comparison of the requirements of selected topics as covered by
the following worldwide safety standards (excluding local deviations):
a) Europe (CEN) – EN 115-1, Safety of escalators and moving walks — Part 1: Construction and
installation (Edition 2010, including Amendment 1);
b) North America - ASME A17.1/CSA B44-2010, Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators;
c) Japan – Safety requirements mainly comprised of Building Standard Law Enforcement Order
(BSLJ-EO), Notifications of Ministry of Construction (MOC-N), and Japan Elevator Association
Standard (JEAS).
It is to be noted that in addition to the above listed standards and other regulations, escalators and
moving walks may be required to conform to the requirements of other standards, as appropriate.
Where ISO/TC 178 was aware of these standards, they are mentioned in Annex B.
2 Acronyms, abbreviated designations, and terminology
2.1 Acronyms and abbreviated designations
The following acronyms and abbreviated designations are used by the codes compared when making
reference to regulations and organizations.
ANSI American National Standards Institute
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
BSLJ The Building Standard Law of Japan
BSLJ-EO The Building Standard Law Enforcement Order (Japan)
CEN/CENELEC Comité Européen de Normalization (European Committee for Standardization)
CIRA Commission Internationale pour la Réglementation des Ascenseurs et Mon-
te-charge
CSA Canadian Standards Association
EN European Norm (standard)
EUIL-MO Electrical Utilities Industry Law - Ministerial Ordinance of technical standards
for
electrical equipment
EXP Explanation/Interpretation of BSLJ-EO, MOC-N (Japan)
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2015(E)
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
ISO International Standardization Organization
JEAC Japan Electrical Association Code
JEAS Japan Elevator Association Standard
JIS Japanese Industrial Standard
MOC-N Notifications of the Ministry of Construction (Japan)
NEC National Electrical Code (USA)
NFPA National Fire Protection Association (USA)
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration (USA)
2.2 Terminology (list of terms used in the codes)
Table 1 shows those terms which are used differently for the same item in the standards dealt with.
Definitions in the Japanese standard are based on unofficial translation, whereas the terms in European
and American codes are official language.
The items in parenthesis reference the clauses where the terms are used in the various standards.
Table 1 — Differences in terminology (list of terms used in the codes)
EN 115–1 (Europe) A17.1/B44 (North America) Japanese Codes
Auxiliary brake (5.4.2.2) Main drive shaft brake (6.1.5.3.2) Main drive shaft brake
Balustrade decking (3.1.3, 5.5.2.2) High deck balustrades (6.1.6.3.1, Deck board
6.2.3.3.7, 6.2.6.3.1)
Balustrade exterior panelling (mod) Exterior panel Exterior panel
Balustrade interior panelling (mod) Interior panel (6.1.3.3.1, 6.2.3.3.4) Interior panel
Brake load (3.1.4) Brake rated load (6.1.3.9.3,
6.2.3.10.3, 6.2.5.3.1, 6.2.5.3.2)
Criss-cross (A.2.3, A.2.4) 6.1.3.3.13 Criss-cross
Safety factor (5.4.1.3.2, 5.4.3.2) Design factor of safety (3.6.1, 3.6.4) Safety factor
Height above the steps (A.2.1) Head-room (8.10.4.1.1) Height above the steps
Inclination (3.1.1) Slope/inclination (6.2.3.1, 6.2.3.7,
6.2.3.9.1)
Inspection cover and floor plate Access door/plate (US) (6.2.7.3.3)
(5.2.4)
Lower inner decking (5.5.2.6) Low-deck interior (802.3d)
Multiplex chain (5.4.1.3.1, 5.4.2.2.1) Multi-strand chain
Not easy to ignite (0.5.1) Non/limited combustible (6.1.2.1,
6.2.2.1)
Moving walk Moving walk Moving (side) walk
a a a
Rated load Rated load (6.2.3.10) Rated load
a a a
Rated speed (3.6) Rated speed (6.1.4, 6.2.4) Rated speed
Skirting (3.1.23, 5.5.3) Skirt (panel) (6.1.3.3.6, 6.2.3.3.6) Skirt guard (panel)
a
Definitions vary from code to code (see Annexes); terms in European, American, and Australian code are offocial terms.
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2015(E)
Table 1 (continued)
EN 115–1 (Europe) A17.1/B44 (North America) Japanese Codes
Structural load Structural rated load (6.1.3.9.1,
6.2.3.10.1)
Supporting structure (5.2) Truss (6.1.2, 6.1.3.7, 6.1.3.10.1, Truss
6.2.3.11.1, 6.2.7.1.2)
Supporting structure (of the combs) Comb plate (6.1.6.3.13, 6.2.6.3.11, Comb plate
(8.3.2.4, 8.3.2.6, 16.2.1.1.1) 6.2.8.3), access plate (6.1.7.3,
6.2.7.3)
Maximum capacity (Annex H.1)
Machinery rated load (6.1.3.9.2,
6.2.3.10.2)
Conventional/modular moving walk
(6.1.3.9.2, 6.1.3.9.3, 6.1.3.10)
Skirt obstruction device (6.1.6.3.6) Skirt guard switch [JEAS-406F
(draft), 2.1]
MOC-N (no. 1424–2000), 2(d)
Skirtless balustrade (6.2.3.3.5)
Horizontal movement (5.7.2.1) Flat step (6.1.3.6.5) (Flat step)
a
Definitions vary from code to code (see Annexes); terms in European, American, and Australian code are offocial terms.
3 Basis for escalator and moving walk safety standards
3.1 Historical origin and development of standards
3.1.1 European Standard EN 115-1
3.1.1.1 Why do we have EN 115-1?
The ever increasing number of escalators put in operation in Europe after the second world war
required the drawing-up of guidelines for models and safety for escalators, especially as not all
European countries had their own standard or national regulation for escalators.
So in the early 1960s, specialists/experts from seven European countries joined together and founded
the “Commission Internationale pour la Réglementation des Ascenseurs et Monte-charge (CIRA)”. The
CIRA draft for escalators was produced in June 1972 containing safety guidelines for escalators to
protect persons and objects against possible accidents and injury.
The Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 “lifts” and established a working group in June 1974 with the
request to prepare a draft European Standard for escalators and moving walks.
The convenorship of this work group was initially given to a member of the German delegation. In
December 1974, the German convenor distributed a first proposal for the construction and installation
of escalators founded on the CIRA guidelines, which after careful examination through the CEN/TC 10,
was submitted to all member countries of the CEN for consideration in June 1977.
It should be noted that the EC Committee BTS2 gave the CEN a mandate for drawing up this part of
ISO/TR 14799 in 1976.
Finally, following a second and a third draft, the final edition of EN 115 was prepared and accepted by
CEN on 3rd January 1995 (firstly amended January 1998).
Considering that EN 115:1995 had given rise to requests for interpretation and this standard did not
fully comply with EN 414 (today CEN Guide 414 “Safety of machinery — Rules for the drafting and
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2015(E)
presentation of safety standards”), CEN/TC 10 asked its Working Group 2 to revise EN 115:1995.
This task was completed by CEN/TC 10 in 2007 when the final draft of EN 115-1 was available. An
Amendment 1 was published in 2010.
According to the Internal Regulations of CEN/ CENELEC, the CEN members are bound to give this
EN 115-1 the status of a National Standard without any national deviations.
The following countries are CEN Members:
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom.
3.1.1.2 How did we get EN 115-1?
The drawing up of the harmonized European Standard removed the technical trade restraints on
the escalators and moving walks within the CEN countries listed above. The safety level of the CIRA
Directives Edition June 1972 and the existing national regulations or standards of the CEN Member
States essentially became reference documents which illustrate how the new standard was derived.
Therefore, all CEN members are bound to follow the CEN/CENELEC requirements and all national
standards for escalators and moving walks are superseded by the harmonized EN 115-1 standard.
3.1.1.3 What is the code (law, standard, requirement)?
The purpose of EN 115 is to define minimum safety requirements in order to reduce the possibility of
accidents on escalators and moving walks.
The harmonized standard is essentially a method of demonstrating compliance with the essential
safety requirements of the machinery directive which is embodied in the laws of each country member
of CEN/CENELEC and therefore, demonstrates compliance with the laws of the member states.
3.1.1.4 Is EN 115-1 a compulsory standard?
Some exceptions are possible (such as sections 0.3 and 1.3).
3.1.1.5 Is EN 115-1 a technical description, a requirement, or a recommendation?
Compliance with EN 115-1 is one way to satisfy the requirements of the European Machinery Directive.
3.1.1.6 Is EN 115-1 a performance or a design standard?
EN 115-1 has to be considered as a minimum requirement for safe operation of escalators and
moving walks.
3.1.2 North American Standard A17.1/B44
3.1.2.1 Why do we have A17.1/B44?
A17.1/B44 is intended to enhance public health and safety. It serves as the basis for state, municipal, and
other jurisdictional authorities in drafting regulations governing the installation, testing, inspection,
maintenance, alteration, and repair of elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, moving walks, material
lifts with automatic transfer devices, wheelchair lifts, and stairway chair lifts. It is also intended as
a standard reference of safety requirements for the guidance of architects, engineers, insurance
companies, manufacturers, and contractors, and as a standard of safety practices for owners and
managements of structures where equipment covered in the scope of the code is used.
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2015(E)
3.1.2.2 How did we get A17.1/B44?
The use of elevators and escalators began to rapidly expand in the early 1900s as larger and taller
buildings were transforming American cities into high rise population centres. With the growth of
the elevator industry came a proliferation of new manufacturers and maintenance organizations that
lacked the knowledge and background of the industry developers. They often, because of this lack of
experience, failed to understand or enforce safe practices in the work they performed.
It became apparent that in order for these cities, with their high-rise buildings to remain viable, the public
had to have unwavering faith in the safety of the elevators that made these buildings usable. A safety code
developed by experts in the field of vertical transportation would help develop this public confidence.
In 1915, ASME assembled a committee of engineers who were knowledgeable about elevators and
charged them with developing a set of standards for elevator manufacturers, architects, consulting
engineers, insurance inspectors, and building owners. The committee recognized the harmful influence
of wear, rough usage, and atmospheric conditions under which elevator apparatus must operate,
particularly on door locks, interlocks, and electrical contacts.
This effort resulted in the first edition of the A17.1 code being developed in 1921. New editions are
periodically published which in recent years has been every third year. An addendum is published
annually between editions.
As a result of a joint effort by the CSA B44 Technical Committee on the Elevator Safety Code and the
ASME A17 Committee on Elevators and Escalators, harmonization of the provisions of CSA B44 and
ASME A17.1 was completed and published as ASME A17.1/CSA B44 in 2007. The 2nd edition of ASME
A17.1/CSA B44 was published as ASME A17.1-2010/CSA B44-10 in 2010.
3.1.2.3 What is the code (law, standard, requirement)?
The A17.1/B44 Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators is a voluntary reference standard that is used
by people and organizations involved in the industry. Developed by a consensus of experts in the
industry, it is used to guide them in maintaining a high level of safety in their respective functions.
After it is developed by the ASME under the auspices and consensus procedures established by ANSI, it
becomes an American National Standard.
3.1.2.4 Is A17.1/B44 a compulsory standard?
As published, A17.1/B44 is a voluntary standard. It is used by authorities having jurisdiction as a
basis for the code they enforce and becomes law when the governing legislative body over their
jurisdiction adopts it.
3.1.2.5 Is A17.1/B44 a technical description, a requirement, or a recommendation?
A17.1/B44 presents most of its requirements as mandatory when following the standard. However,
some rules may be in the form of a permissive recommendation.
3.1.2.6 Is A17.1/B44 a performance or a design standard?
The A17.1/B44 code is developed as a performance standard under the procedures established by the
ASME and the CSA. Due to the unique nature of the industry, some rules are of a design nature, but
efforts are continually underway to replace them with performance language.
3.1.3 The Japanese codes
3.1.3.1 Why do we have Japanese codes?
The Japanese codes are established to protect life, health, and property of the nation, and thereby, to
contribute to promoting public welfare.
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2015(E)
3.1.3.2 How did we get Japanese codes?
Japanese codes are comprised of the following laws and standards.
3.1.3.2.1 The Building Standard Law of Japan (BSLJ)
3.1.3.2.1.1 Enactment of the law
This law was enacted in May 1950 and has been revised several times.
3.1.3.2.1.2 Purpose of this law
The purpose of the law is to safeguard the life, health, and property of people by providing minimum
standards concerning the site, construction, equipment and use of buildings, and thereby, to contribute
to the furtherance of the public welfare.
3.1.3.2.1.3 Equipment of buildings
Equipment of buildings are electricity, gas, water supply, drain, ventilation, heating, air-conditioning,
fire extinguishing, smoke removal, or equipment of dirt disposal, chimneys, elevatory equipment, and
lightning conductors.
3.1.3.2.1.4 Elevatory equipment (article 36)
Concerning elevatory equipments, technical standards which are required for safety, fire prevention,
and appropriate sanitation are specified by cabinet order.
3.1.3.2.2 The Building Standard Law Enforcement Order (BSLJ-EO)
3.1.4.2.2.1 This order was established in November 1950 and has been revised several times.
3.1.4.2.2.2 Construction of escalators is described in Article 129-12.
3.1.4.2.2.3 Structural calculation for escalators is described in Article 129-12.
3.1.3.2.3 Notifications of the Ministry of Construction (MOC-N)
The notifications describe an indistinct part of BSLJ and BSLJ-EO.
The following notifications relate to the escalators and moving walks:
— no.1413: Requirements for over 30° inclination escalator, over 1,1 m step/pallet width and
accelerate moving walk;
— no.1417: Requirements for clearance between step and skirt panel, vertical deflector, and
nominal speed;
— no.1418: Requirement for structural calculation;
— no.1424: Requirements for fault detection and stopping distance.
3.1.3.2.4 Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS)
3.1.3.2.4.1 This standard was established by Ministry of International Trade and Industry in 1949. JIS
A 4302 (inspection standard of elevator, escalator, and dumbwaiter) has been published in 1964 as the
first edition and revised several times.
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2015(E)
3.1.3.2.4.2 This standard stipulates inspection items, inspection apparatus method, and standard of
judgement in order to inspect the safety concerning traction type elevator, escalator, moving walk, and
electrical dumbwaiter installed in building, structure, etc.
NOTE Moving walk is treated therein as escalator of special construction.
3.1.3.2.4.3 Escalators and moving walks are described in 4.4.
3.1.3.2.5 Japan Elevator Association Standard (JEAS)
3.1.3.2.5.1 This standard was established in June 1974 and has been revised several times.
3.1.3.2.5.2 The purpose of this standard is to stipulate the universal standard for elevator and escalator
industry unifying the correct application and method of laws, JIS, etc. and thereby, to facilitate to the
negotiation with the competent authorities.
3.1.3.2.5.3 It is recommended that some of the content stipulated be enacted as law or incorporated
into JIS.
3.1.3.2.6 Electrical Utilities Industry Law Ministerial Ordinance of Technical Standards for
Electrical Equipment (EUIL-MO)
3.1.3.2.6.1 The standard was established in July 1965 as the Ministerial Ordinance of the Ministry of
International Trade and Industry and shall be revised if deemed necessary.
3.1.3.2.6.2 The purpose of the standard is to safeguard the applicable electrical apparatus.
3.1.3.2.6.3 This stipulates the facility standard where enclosed electrical apparatus both for
commercial and home use.
3.1.3.2.7 Japan Electrical Association Code (JEAC)
3.1.3.2.7.1 This code was established in November 1963 and shall be revised if deemed necessary.
3.1.3.2.7.2 The purpose of this code is to safeguard the applicable electrical apparatus and contribute
to the convenient electricity use.
3.1.3.2.7.3 The code applies to electrical apparatus both for commercial and hom
...
TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 14799-2
Second edition
Comparison of worldwide escalator
and moving walk safety standards —
Part 2:
Abbreviated comparison and comments
Comparaison des normes mondiales de sécurité des escaliers
mécaniques et trottoirs roulants —
Partie 2: Comparaison abrégée et commentaires
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO/TR 14799-2:2013(E)
©
ISO 2013
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2013(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2013
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2013(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Abbreviated terms and terminology . 2
2.1 Abbreviated terms . 2
2.2 Terminology (List of terms used in the codes) . 2
3 Basis for escalator and moving walk safety standards . 4
3.1 Historical origin and development of standards . 4
3.2 General - Technical basis and structure of standards . .10
3.3 Definitions .10
4 Selected topics .10
4.1 Enclosure, inspection doors .16
4.2 Steps and pallets .16
4.3 Belts .16
4.4 Drive unit .16
4.5 Balustrade .16
4.6 Handrail system .16
4.7 Landings .16
4.8 Machinery spaces, driving stations and return stations .16
4.9 Electric installations and appliances .53
4.10 Protection against electrical faults - controls .53
4.11 Information for use .53
4.12 Building interfaces .53
Annex A (informative) Figures of EN 115-1 .77
Annex B (informative) Addresses of standardization bodies occupied with the compared codes .81
Bibliography .83
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2013(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 178, Lifts, escalators and moving walks.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TR 14799-2:2005), of which it constitutes
a minor revision.
ISO/TR 14799 consists of the following parts, under the general title Comparison of worldwide escalator
and moving walk safety standards:
— Part 1: Rule by rule comparison
— Part 2: Abbreviated comparison and comments
Annexes A and B form an integral part of this part of ISO/TR 14799.
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2013(E)
Introduction
At the 1995 Plenary Meeting of ISO/TC 178, the work on a comparison of world-wide standards which
includes the American, Australian, European, Russian, and Japanese escalator and moving walk safety
code was passed to ISO/TC 178 WG 5 (Resolution Singapore 1995/114). In October 1995, Working
Group 5 was officially formed to carry out the task of preparing a cross reference between the relevant
sections of these standards and to analyse the differences on selected subjects. The goal at that time was
to prepare a technical report which would provide reference information to assist national committees
when reviewing and revising individual standards which may initiate a gradual convergence of the
technical requirements. In 1996 the study was expanded to include the Korean safety standard.
Subsequently at the 2007 Plenary Meeting of ISO/TC 178 it was agreed to start the update in accordance
with Resolution 190/2001. However, it was also agreed only to restrict the comparison to the American,
Australian, European and Japanese safety codes. That work was completed after 6 meetings in 2012.
The content of this part of ISO/TR 14799 is based on the information provided by the WG 5 members
acting in personal capacity.
This part of ISO/TR 14799 is intended to aid standards writers in developing their safety requirements, and
to help standards users understand the basis for the requirements as they are applied throughout the world.
This part of ISO/TR 14799 is not intended to replace existing safety standards which may have been
updated. Conclusions are arrived at in some cases, but only where is unanimity amongst the various
experts. In other cases, the reasons for the divergent views are expressed.
This part of ISO/TR 14799 is intended to be read in conjunction with the various safety standards.
Unless approved by the relevant standard writing organisations, the information contained in this part
of ISO/TR 14799 does not necessarily represent the opinions of these standards writing organizations
(see Bibliography for references).
This part of ISO/TR 14799 was done with the European Standard EN 115-1:2008 and its Amendment
A1:2010 as a reference document shown as the only one in its normal sequence. All other codes are
not in their normal sequence and logical order. They are structured differently to EN 115-1. The result
incorrectly leaves the impression of incompleteness of these standards. These standards in their original
structure inclusive of their references to other standards and requirements are, however, complete.
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TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 14799-2:2013(E)
Comparison of worldwide escalator and moving walk
safety standards —
Part 2:
Abbreviated comparison and comments
1 Scope
This part of ISO/TR 14799 consists of a comparison of the requirements of selected topics as covered by
the following world-wide safety standards (excluding local deviations):
a) Europe (CEN) – EN 115-1; Safety of escalators and moving walks – Part 1: Construction and
installation (Edition 2010, including Amendment 1);
b) North America - ASME A17.1/CSA B44-2010, Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators;
c) Australia - AS 1735 Part 5 (Edition 2003);
d) Japan – Safety requirements mainly comprised of Building Standard Law Enforcement Order (BSLJ-EO),
Notifications of Ministry of Construction (MOC-N) and Japan Elevator Association Standard (JEAS).
It should be noted that in addition to the above listed standards and other regulations, escalators and
moving walks may be required to conform to the requirements of other standards as appropriate. Where
ISO/TC 178/WG 5 was aware of these standards they are mentioned in the Bibliography.
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2013(E)
2 Abbreviated terms and terminology
2.1 Abbreviated terms
The following abbreviated terms are used by the codes compared when making reference to regulations
and organisations:
ANSI American National Standards Institute
AS Australian Standard
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
BSLJ The Building Standard Law of Japan
BSLJ-EO The Building Standard Law Enforcement Order (Japan)
CEN/CENELEC Comité Européen de Normalisation (European Committee for Standardization)
CIRA Commission Internationale pour la Réglementation des Ascenseurs et Monte-charge
CSA Canadian Standards Association
EN European Norm (Standard)
EUIL-MO Electrical Utilities Industry Law - Ministerial Ordinance of technical standards for
electrical equipment
EXP. Explanation/ interpretation of BSLJ-EO, MOC-N (Japan)
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
ISO International Organization for Standardization
JEAC Japan Electrical Association Code
JEAS Japan Elevator Association Standard
JIS Japanese Industrial Standard
MOC-N Notifications of the Ministry of Construction (Japan)
NEC National Electrical Code (USA)
NFPA National Fire Protection Association (USA)
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration (USA)
2.2 Terminology (List of terms used in the codes)
Table 1 shows those terms which are used differently for the same item in the standards dealt with.
Definitions in the Japanese standard are based on unofficial translation whereas the terms in European,
American, and Australian codes are official language.
The items in parenthesis reference the clauses where the terms are used in the various standards.
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Table 1 — Differences in terminology (List of terms used in the codes)
A17.1/B44 (North AS 1735 Part 5 (Aus-
EN 115-1 (Europe) Japanese Codes
America) tralia)
auxiliary brake (5.4.2.2) main drive shaft brake auxiliary brake (12.3.1, main drive shaft brake
(6.1.5.3.2) 12.4.1, 12.6)
balustrade decking (3.1.3, high deck balustrades balustrade decking deck board
5.5.2.2) (6.1.6.3.1, 6.2.3.3.7, (5.1.5.1.4)
6.2.6.3.1)
balustrade exterior panel- exterior panel balustrade exterior panel- exterior panel
ling (mod) ling (5.1.5.1.5)
balustrade interior panel- interior panel 6.1.3.3.1, balustrade interior panel- interior panel
ling (mod) 6.2.3.3.4) ling (5.1.5.1.3)
brake load (3.1.4) brake rated load (6.1.3.9.3, brake load (3.9b))
6.2.3.10.3, 6.2.5.3.1,
6.2.5.3.2)
criss-cross (A.2.3, A.2.4) 6.1.3.3.13 criss-cross (5.2.4, 7.3.1) criss-cross
safety factor (5.4.1.3.2, design factor of safety factor of safety (9.1.2, safety factor
5.4.3.2) (3.6.1, 3.6.4) 9.2.1)
height above the steps head-room (8.10.4.1.1) height above the steps height above the steps
(A.2.1) (7.3.1, 7.6)
inclination (3.1.1) slope/inclination (6.2.3.1, maximum angle 30
6.2.3.7, 6.2.3.9.1) degrees
inspection cover and floor access door/plate (US) inspection doors and trap
plate (5.2.4) (6.2.7.3.3) door (5.3) + Supports of
non combustible material
5.3
lower inner decking low-deck interior (802.3d) interior profile (5.1.5.1.2)
(5.5.2.6)
multiplex chain (5.4.1.3.1, multi-strand chain multiplex chain (12.3.1)
5.4.2.2.1))
not easy to ignite (0.5.1) non/limited combustible not easy to ignite (0.5.1)
(6.1.2.1, 6.2.2.1)
moving walk moving walk passenger conveyor moving (side) walk
a a a
rated load rated load (6.2.3.10) rated load
a a a a
rated speed (3.6) rated speed (6.1.4, 6.2.4) rated speed (3.6) rated speed
skirting (3.1.23, 5.5.3) skirt (panel) (6.1.3.3.6, skirting (3.5, 5.1.5.1.1) skirt guard (panel)
6.2.3.3.6)
structural load structural rated load structural load
(6.1.3.9.1, 6.2.3.10.1)
supporting structure (5.2) truss (6.1.2, 6.1.3.7, supporting structure (5.3) truss
6.1.3.10.1, 6.2.3.11.1, + Supports of non combus-
6.2.7.1.2) tible material
supporting structure comb plate (6.1.6.3.13, supporting structure comb plate
(of the combs) (8.3.2.4, 6.2.6.3.11, 6.2.8.3), access (of the combs) (8.3.2.4,
8.3.2.6, 16.2.1.1.1) plate (6.1.7.3, 6.2.7.3) 8.3.2.6, 16.2.1.1.1) + comb-
plate switch and specified
actuating forces
maximum capacity theoretical capacity (3.8)
(Annex H.1)
a
Definitions vary from code to code (see annexes); terms in European, American and Australian code are official terms.
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2013(E)
Table 1 (continued)
A17.1/B44 (North AS 1735 Part 5 (Aus-
EN 115-1 (Europe) Japanese Codes
America) tralia)
underside enclosure
(5.1.1.3) + non combusti-
ble material
machinery rated load
(6.1.3.9.2, 6.2.3.10.2)
conventional/modular
moving walk (6.1.3.9.2,
6.1.3.9.3, 6.1.3.10)
skirt obstruction device skirt guard switch (JEAS-
(6.1.6.3.6) 406F (draft), 2.1)
MOC-N (No. 1424-2000),
2(d)
skirtless balustrade
(6.2.3.3.5)
horizontal movement flat step (6.1.3.6.5) (diff. definition) (flat step)
(5.7.2.1)
a
Definitions vary from code to code (see annexes); terms in European, American and Australian code are official terms.
3 Basis for escalator and moving walk safety standards
3.1 Historical origin and development of standards
3.1.1 The European Standard EN 115-1
3.1.1.1 Why do we have EN 115-1?
The ever increasing number of escalators put in operation in Europe after the Second World War
required the drawing up of guidelines for models and safety for escalators, especially as not all European
countries had their own standard or National Regulation for escalators.
So, in the early 1960s specialists/experts from 7 European countries joined together and founded the
“Commission Internationale pour la Réglementation des Ascenseurs et Monte-charge“ (CIRA). The CIRA
draft for escalators was produced in June 1972, containing safety guidelines for escalators to protect
persons and objects against possible accidents and injury.
The Technical Committee CEN/TC10 “lifts“ established the group WG2 in June 1974 with the request to
prepare a draft European Standard for escalators and moving walks.
The convenorship of this work group was initially given to a member of the German delegation. In
December 1974, the German convenor distributed a first proposal for the construction and installation
of escalators founded on the CIRA guidelines, which after careful examination through the “CEN/TC10
WG2“ was submitted to all member countries of the CEN for consideration in June 1977.
It should be noted that the EC Committee BTS2 gave the CEN a mandate for drawing up this standard in 1976.
Finally following a second and a third draft the final edition of the European Standard, EN 115 was
prepared and accepted by CEN on 3rd January, 1995 (firstly amended January 1998).
Considering that EN 115:1995 had given rise to requests for interpretation and this standard did
not fully comply with EN 414 (today CEN Guide 414 “Safety of machinery - Rules for the drafting and
presentation of safety standards”), CEN/TC 10 asked its working group 2 to revise EN 115:1995. This
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task was completed by CEN/TC 10/WG 2 in 2007 when the final draft of EN 115-1 was available. An
Amendment 1 was published in 2010.
According to the Internal Regulations of CEN/ CENELEC, the CEN Members are bound to give this
EN 115-1 the status of a National Standard without any national deviations.
The following countries are CEN Members:
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom.
3.1.1.2 How did we get EN 115-1?
The drawing up of the harmonized European Standard removed the technical trade restraints on
the escalators and moving walks within the CEN countries listed above. The safety level of the CIRA
Directives Edition June 1972 and the existing national regulations or standards of the CEN Member
States essentially became reference documents which illustrate how the new standard was derived.
Therefore all CEN members are bound to follow the CEN/ CENELEC requirements and all national
standards for escalators and moving walks are superseded by the harmonized EN 115-1 standard.
3.1.1.3 What is the code (law, standard, requirement)?
The purpose of the EN 115 is to define minimum safety requirements in order to reduce the possibility
of accidents on escalators and moving walks.
The harmonized standard is essentially a method of demonstrating compliance with the essential safety
requirements of the machinery directive which is embodied in the laws of each country member of
CEN/CENELEC and therefore demonstrates compliance with the laws of the member states.
3.1.1.4 Is EN 115-1 a compulsory standard?
Some exceptions are possible (such as sections 0.3 and 1.3).
3.1.1.5 Is EN 115-1 a technical description, a requirement or a recommendation?
Compliance with EN 115-1 is one way to satisfy the requirements of the European Machinery Directive.
3.1.1.6 Is EN 115-1 a performance or a design standard?
EN 115-1 has to be considered as a minimum requirement for safe operation of escalators and moving walks.
3.1.2 The North American Standard A17.1/B44
3.1.2.1 Why do we have A17.1/B44?
A17.1/B44 is intended to enhance public health and safety. It serves as the basis for state, municipal, and
other jurisdictional authorities in drafting regulations governing the installation, testing, inspection,
maintenance, alteration, and repair of elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, moving walks, material lifts
with automatic transfer devices, wheelchair lifts, and stairway chair lifts. It is also intended as a standard
reference of safety requirements for the guidance of architects, engineers, insurance companies,
manufacturers, and contractors, and as a standard of safety practices for owners and managements of
structures where equipment covered in the Scope of the Code is used.
3.1.2.2 How did we get A17.1/B44?
The use of elevators and escalators began to rapidly expand in the early 1900s, as larger and taller
buildings were transforming American cities into high rise population centres. With the growth of
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ISO/TR 14799-2:2013(E)
the elevator industry, came a proliferation of new manufacturers and maintenance organizations that
lacked the knowledge and background of the industry developers. They often, because of this lack of
experience, failed to understand or enforce safe practices in the work they performed.
It became apparent that in order for these cities with their high rise buildings to remain viable, the public
had to have unwavering faith in the safety of the elevators that made these buildings usable. A safety code
developed by experts in the field of vertical transportation would help develop this public confidence.
In 1915, ASME assembled a committee of engineers who were knowledgeable about elevators and charged
them with developing a set of standards for elevator manufacturers, architects, consulting engineers,
insurance inspectors, and building owners. The committee recognized the harmful influence of wear,
rough usage, and atmospheric conditions under which elevator apparatus must operate, particularly on
door locks, interlocks, and electrical contacts.
This effort resulted in the first edition of the A17.1 code being developed in 1921. New editions are
periodically published, which in recent years has been every third year. An addendum is published
annually between editions.
As a result of a joint effort by the CSA B44 Technical Committee on the Elevator Safety Code and
the ASME A17 Committee on Elevators and Escalators harmonization of the provisions of CSA B44
and ASME A17.1 was completed and published as ASME A17.1 / CSA B44 in 2007. The 2nd edition of
ASME A17.1 / CSA B44 was published as ASME A17.1-2010 / CSA B44-10 in 2010.
3.1.2.3 What is the code (law, standard, requirement)?
The A17.1/B44 Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators is a voluntary reference standard that is used by
people and organizations involved in the industry. Developed by a consensus of experts in the industry,
it is used to guide them in maintaining a high level of safety in their respective functions.
After it is developed by the ASME under the auspices and consensus procedures established by ANSI, it
becomes an American National Standard.
3.1.2.4 Is A17.1/B44 a compulsory standard?
As published, A17.1/B44 is a voluntary standard. It is used by Authorities having jurisdiction as a basis for
the code they enforce and becomes law when the governing legislative body over their jurisdiction, adopts it.
3.1.2.5 Is A17.1/B44 a technical description, a requirement or a recommendation?
A17.1/B44 presents most of its requirements as mandatory when following the standard. However,
some rules may be in the form of a permissive recommendation.
3.1.2.6 Is A17.1/B44 a performance or a design standard?
The A17.1/B44 code is developed as a performance standard under the procedures established by the
ASME and the CSA. Because of the unique nature of the industry, some rules are of a design nature, but
efforts are continually underway to replace them with performance language.
3.1.3 The Australian Standard AS 1735 Part 5
3.1.3.1 Why do we have AS 1735 Part 5?
The mission statement of Standards Australia (The body writing the above mentioned standards in
Australia) states the general position relative to having appropriate standards namely:
“To excel in meeting the needs of Australia’s technical infrastructure for contemporary, internationally
aligned Standards and related services which enhance the nation’s economic efficiency, international
competitiveness, and fulfil community desire for a safe and sustainable environment”
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In the specific case of escalators and moving walks, the accent is on writing standards that provide for
a minimum level of safety for the users of these units and for the mechanics servicing the equipment.
All state government safety relevant acts provide for public and employee safety.
The “Occupational Health and Safety Acts”, through their regulations and code of practices, require
escalators and moving walks comply with the provisions in AS 1735.5. (In the case of Victoria the
requirement is to employ “published technical standards” in the hazard control process and AS 1735 is
the example shown in the code of practice tables).
AS 1735 Part 5 are the “reference tools” employed by the various state inspectorates of lifts, escalators
and moving walks and they form the basis of the newly emerging self-regulatory legislative frame work.
3.1.3.2 How did we get AS 1735 Part 5?
Standards Australia was founded in 1922. Its original name was the Australian Commonwealth
Engineering Standards Association. It became the Standards Association of Australia in 1929 and in
1950, it was granted a Royal Charter. In 1988 its trading name was changed to Standards Australia.
The workings of the original Australian Commonwealth Engineering Standards Association was to
produce hand-written minutes of all meetings in minute books.
The first reference to escalator installations can be found in a record dated 18 July 1932.
The first reference to glass is in the 1935 edition of the standard ASCA3 (ASCA 3 is the predecessor to
AS 1735).
In a 1944 min book there is a reference to A.S.A. 17.1: 1937.
Standards were and are produced under the umbrella of Standards Australia and its predecessors by
an open process of consultation and consensus in which all interested parties are invited to participate.
Specifically the interested parties in AS 1735 Part 5 are the lift companies, governmental institutions,
consultants, architects and, through an owners association, the users.
3.1.3.3 What is the code (law, standard, requirement)?
The intent and purpose of AS 1735 Part 5 is to prescribe uniform requirements for use within Australia
and Australian territories that will provide for the safety of the users and mechanics of escalators and
moving walks.
3.1.3.4 Is AS 1735 Part 5 compulsory?
AS 1735 Part 5 on its own has no legal standing however the standards are cited in all state government
safety relevant acts.
The “Occupational Health and Safety Acts” in force in all states and territories with the exception of
Victoria make AS 1735 Part 5, through their regulations and code of practices, compulsory.
(In the case of Victoria the requirement is to employ “published technical standards” in the hazard
control process. AS 1735 is an example shown in the Victoria code of practice tables as one standard that
may be employed as a specification for hazard control with the design and manufacture of escalators
and moving walks)
3.1.3.5 Is AS 1735 Part 5 technical descriptions, requirements or recommendations?
AS 1735 Part 5 contains all of the above to form a standard for escalators and moving walks.
Technical descriptions show up in the nomenclature as well as in the clauses. The contents of the
clauses are, when the standards are called up, compulsory requirements and the note
...
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