ISO 17123-6:2025
(Main)Optics and optical instruments - Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments - Part 6: Rotating lasers
Optics and optical instruments - Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments - Part 6: Rotating lasers
This document specifies field procedures to be adopted when determining and evaluating the precision (repeatability) of rotating lasers, the uncertainty of measurement results obtained by geodetic instruments and their ancillary equipment, particularly when used in building and surveying measurements for levelling tasks. Primarily, these tests are intended to be field verifications of the suitability of a particular instrument for the immediate task at hand and to satisfy the requirements of other standards. They are not proposed as tests for acceptance or performance evaluations that are more comprehensive in nature. This document can be considered as one of the first steps in the process of evaluating the uncertainty of a measurement (more specifically a measurand). The uncertainty of a result of a measurement is dependent on a number of parameters. Therefore, this document differentiates between various quality measures and testing objectives, including repeatability and reproducibility (between-day repeatability), and provides a thorough assessment of all potential error sources, as specified by ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 and ISO 17123-1. These field procedures have been developed specifically for in situ applications without the need for special ancillary equipment and are purposefully designed to minimize atmospheric influences.
Optique et instruments d'optique — Méthodes d'essai sur site des instruments géodésiques et d'observation — Partie 6: Lasers rotatifs
General Information
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Overview
ISO 17123-6:2025 - "Optics and optical instruments - Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments - Part 6: Rotating lasers" defines practical, in‑situ field procedures for assessing the precision and measurement uncertainty of rotating lasers used in levelling and surveying tasks. The standard focuses on repeatability, between‑day reproducibility, and a structured evaluation of error sources to produce a combined standard uncertainty in accordance with ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 (GUM). It is intended as a field verification of an instrument’s suitability for immediate tasks rather than a full acceptance test.
Key topics and requirements
- Two selectable procedures:
- Procedure 1 - Simplified test: a limited-measurement check for quick verification on construction and site levelling tasks.
- Procedure 2 - Full test: a comprehensive field verification including statistical tests and uncertainty budgeting.
- Emphasis on in situ testing without special ancillary equipment and on configuring tests to minimize atmospheric influences (e.g., temperature gradients, wind).
- Differentiation between precision measures: repeatability (Type A) and reproducibility (between-day).
- Guidance for setting up test geometry: test field (simplified) and test line (full), measurement sequences and computation of residuals.
- Statistical assessments referenced: t-distribution, Fisher (F) distribution, chi‑squared (χ²) tests to support decision criteria and significance levels.
- Identification and evaluation of influence quantities and construction of an uncertainty budget (Type A and Type B contributions).
- Informative annexes providing worked examples for the simplified and full procedures and for calculating an uncertainty budget.
Practical applications
- Verifying rotating-laser precision for building construction, site levelling, and general surveying tasks.
- Providing a documented basis for estimating measurement uncertainty when reporting levelling results.
- Supporting operational decisions on whether a specific rotating laser is fit for a particular project environment and conditions.
- Useful for routine site checks prior to critical levelling activities where documented measurement quality is required.
Who should use this standard
- Surveyors and geodetic technicians performing levelling on construction and infrastructure projects.
- Quality managers and site engineers needing documented field verification of measuring equipment.
- Calibration and metrology personnel who integrate field verification data into broader uncertainty assessments.
- Instrument manufacturers and technical support teams preparing user guidance that aligns with international practice.
Related standards
- ISO 17123-1 (Theory)
- ISO 17123-2 (Levels)
- ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 (GUM: uncertainty of measurement)
- ISO 3534-1, ISO 4463-1, ISO 7077, ISO 7078, ISO 9849
Keywords: ISO 17123-6:2025, rotating lasers, field procedures, measurement uncertainty, repeatability, levelling, geodetic instruments, in situ testing.
Standards Content (Sample)
International
Standard
ISO 17123-6
Fourth edition
Optics and optical instruments —
2025-07
Field procedures for testing
geodetic and surveying
instruments —
Part 6:
Rotating lasers
Optique et instruments d'optique — Méthodes d'essai sur site des
instruments géodésiques et d'observation —
Partie 6: Lasers rotatifs
Reference number
© ISO 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
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Email: copyright@iso.org
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Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms. 2
4.1 Symbols .2
4.2 Abbreviations .3
5 General . 3
5.1 Requirements .3
5.2 Procedure 1: simplified test procedure .3
5.3 Procedure 2: full test procedure.4
6 Simplified test procedure . 5
6.1 Configuration of the test field .5
6.2 Measurements . .6
6.3 Calculation .6
7 Full test procedure . 7
7.1 Configuration of the test line .7
7.2 Measurements .8
7.3 Calculation .9
7.4 Statistical test . 13
7.4.1 General . 13
7.4.2 Question a) .14
7.4.3 Question b) .14
7.4.4 Question c) .14
7.4.5 Question d) . 15
8 Influence quantities and combined standard uncertainty evaluation (Type A and Type
B) .15
Annex A (informative) Example of the simplified test procedure . 17
Annex B (informative) Example of the full test procedure .20
Annex C (informative) Example for the calculation of an uncertainty budget .27
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 172, Optics and photonics, Subcommittee SC 6,
Geodetic and surveying instruments.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 17123-6:2022), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— the first paragraph of Introduction has been deleted as already cited as first paragraph of the Scope;
— more flexible configuration of the test line and updating of the mathematical model;
— harmonization of terminology and symbols;
— correction of errors.
A list of all parts in the ISO 17123 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
The definition and concept of uncertainty as a quantitative attribute to the final result of measurement was
developed mainly in the last two decades, even though error analysis has already long been a part of all
measurement sciences. After several stages, the CIPM (Comité International des Poids et Mesures) referred
the task of developing a detailed guide to ISO. Under the responsibility of the ISO Technical Advisory Group
on Metrology (TAG 4), and in conjunction with six worldwide metrology organizations, a guidance document
on the expression of measurement uncertainty was compiled with the objective of providing rules for use
within standardization, calibration, laboratory, accreditation and metrology services. ISO/IEC Guide 98-3
was first published as the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) in 1995.
With the introduction of uncertainty in measurement in ISO 17123 (all parts), it is intended to finally
provide a uniform, quantitative expression of measurement uncertainty in geodetic metrology with the aim
of meeting the requirements of customers.
ISO 17123 (all parts) provides not only a means of evaluating the precision (experimental standard deviation)
of an instrument, but also a tool for defining an uncertainty budget, which allows for the summation of all
uncertainty components, whether they are random or systematic, to a representative measure of accuracy,
i.e. the combined standard uncertainty.
ISO 17123 (all parts) therefore provides, for each instrument investigated by the procedures, a proposal
for additional, typical influence quantities, which can be expected during practical use. The customer can
estimate, for a specific application, the relevant standard uncertainty components in order to derive and
state the uncertainty of the measuring result.
v
International Standard ISO 17123-6:2025(en)
Optics and optical instruments — Field procedures for testing
geodetic and surveying instruments —
Part 6:
Rotating lasers
1 Scope
This document specifies field procedures to be adopted when determining and evaluating the precision
(repeatability) of rotating lasers, the uncertainty of measurement results obtained by geodetic instruments
and their ancillary equipment, particularly when used in building and surveying measurements for levelling
tasks. Primarily, these tests are intended to be field verifications of the suitability of a particular instrument
for the immediate task at hand and to satisfy the requirements of other standards. They are not proposed as
tests for acceptance or performance evaluations that are more comprehensive in nature.
This document can be considered as one of the first steps in the process of evaluating the uncertainty of a
measurement (more specifically a measurand). The uncertainty of a result of a measurement is dependent
on a number of parameters. Therefore, this document differentiates between various quality measures and
testing objectives, including repeatability and reproducibility (between-day repeatability), and provides a
thorough assessment of all potential error sources, as specified by ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 and ISO 17123-1.
These field procedures have been developed specifically for in situ applications without the need for special
ancillary equipment and are purposefully designed to minimize atmospheric influences.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3534-1, Statistics — Vocabulary and symbols — Part 1: General statistical terms and terms used in
probability
ISO 4463-1, Measurement methods for building — Setting-out and measurement — Part 1: Planning and
organization, measuring procedures, acceptance criteria
ISO 7077, Measuring methods for building — General principles and procedures for the verification of
dimensional compliance
ISO 7078, Buildings and civil engineering works — Procedures for setting out, measurement and surveying —
Vocabulary
ISO 9849, Optics and optical instruments — Geodetic and surveying instruments — Vocabulary
ISO 17123-1, Optics and optical instruments — Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments
— Part 1: Theory
ISO 17123-2, Optics and optical instruments — Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments
— Part 2: Levels
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement — Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in
measurement (GUM:1995)
ISO/IEC Guide 99, International vocabulary of metrology — Basic and general concepts and associated terms (VIM)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 3534-1, ISO 4463-1, ISO 7077,
ISO 7078, ISO 9849, ISO 17123-1, ISO 17123-2, ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 and ISO/IEC Guide 99 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
4.1 Symbols
Symbol Quantity Unit
A design matrix —
a deflective deviation m
b deviation of the rotating axis m
D horizontal distance m
mean horizontal distance m
D
single measured height difference between target m
d
points
vector of known height differences of target points m
d
vector of measured height differences of target points m
d
h height difference of levelling staff B and A m
F F (Fisher) distribution —
f number of target point —
i series of measurement —
j set of measurement —
n set of readings —
P weight matrix of the observations —
p single weight factor —
Q Cofactor matrix (inverse of the weight matrix P) —
r residual vector of the height differences m
r residual m
experimental standard deviation m
ss,
t t-distribution —
u standard uncertainty m
x measured reading at levelling staff m
x observation vector of height differences m
vector of unknown parameters m
y
y mean vector of unknown parameters m
ν degrees of freedom —
α significance level %
Symbol Quantity Unit
σ theoretical standard deviation m
chi-squared distribution —
χ
Ω sum of residual squares m
4.2 Abbreviations
Abbreviation Description
A levelling point A
Ang Angle
B levelling point B
ISO-ROLAS ISO specific for rotation lasers
ISO International Organization for Standardization
S instrument station
x, y, z cartesian coordinate
5 General
5.1 Requirements
Before commencing surveying, it is important that the operator investigates that the precision in use of the
measuring equipment is appropriate to the intended measuring task.
The rotating laser and its ancillary equipment shall be in known and acceptable states of permanent
adjustment according to the methods specified in the manufacturer’s handbook, and used with tripods and
levelling staffs as recommended by the manufacturer.
The results of these tests are influenced by meteorological conditions, especially by the temperature
gradient. An overcast sky and low wind speed guarantee the most favourable weather conditions. The
particular conditions to be taken into account may vary depending on the location where the tasks are to be
undertaken. Note should also be taken of the actual weather conditions at the time of measurements and the
type of surface above which the measurements are performed. The conditions chosen for the tests should
match those expected when the intended measuring task is actually carried out (see ISO 7077 and ISO 7078).
This document describes two different field procedures as given in Clauses 6 and 7. The operator shall
choose the procedure which is most relevant to the project’s particular requirements.
5.2 Procedure 1: simplified test procedure
The simplified test procedure provides an estimate as to whether the precision of a given item of rotating-
laser equipment is within the specified permitted deviation, according to ISO 4463-1.
This test procedure is normally intended for checking the precision (see ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.15) of a
rotating laser to be used for area levelling applications, for tasks where measurements with unequal site
lengths are common practice, e.g. building construction sites.
The simplified test procedure is based on a limited number of measurements. Therefore, a significant
standard deviation and the standard uncertainty (Type A), respectively, cannot be obtained. If a more
precise assessment of the rotating laser under field conditions is required, it is recommended to adopt the
more rigorous full test procedure as given in Clause 7.
This test procedure relies on having a test field with height differences which are accepted as true values. If
such a test field is not available, it is necessary to determine the unknown height differences (see Figures 1
and 2), using an optical level of accuracy (see ISO 17123-2) higher than the rotating laser required for the
measuring task. If, however, a test field with known height differences cannot be established, it will be
necessary to apply the full test procedure as given in Clause 7.
If no levelling instrument is available, the rotating laser to be tested can be used to determine the true
values by measuring height differences between all points with central setups. At each setup, two height
differences have to be observed by rotating the laser plane by 180°. The mean value of repeated readings in
both positions will provide the height differences which are accepted as true.
5.3 Procedure 2: full test procedure
The full test procedure shall be adopted to determine the best achievable measure of precision of a particular
rotating laser and its ancillary equipment under field conditions, by a single survey team.
Further, this test procedure serves to determine the deflective deviation, a, and both components, b and b ,
1 2
2 2
of the deviation of the rotating axis from the true vertical, bb=+ b of the rotating laser (see Figure 1).
1 2
a) Horizontal plane (top view) b) Vertical plane through x' (side view)
Key
1 inclined plane
2 cone axis
3 inclined cone
a
See Figure 5 also.
Figure 1 — Deflective deviations a and b
The recommended measuring distances within the test field (see Figure 3) are 40 m. Sight lengths greater
than 40 m may be adopted for this precision-in-use test only, where the project specification may dictate, or
where it is determining the range of the measure of precision of a rotating laser at respective distances.
The test procedure given in Clause 6 of this document is intended for determining the measure of precision in
use of a particular rotating laser. This measure of precision in use is expressed in terms of the experimental
standard deviation, s, of a height difference between the instrument level and a levelling staff (reading at the
staff) at a certain distance. This experimental standard deviation corresponds to the standard uncertainty
of Type A [see Formula (1)]:
su:= (1)
ISO-ROLAS ISO-ROLAS
Further, this procedure may be used to determine the standard uncertainty as a measure of precision in use of
— a single rotating laser and its ancillary equipment by a single survey team at a given time,
— a single rotating laser over time and differing environmental conditions, and
— several rotating lasers in order to enable a comparison of their respective achievable precisions to be
obtained under similar field conditions.
Statistical tests should be applied to determine whether the experimental standard deviation, s, obtained
belongs to the population of the instrumentation's theoretical standard deviation, σ, whether two tested
samples belong to the same population, whether the deflective deviation, a, is equal to zero, and whether the
deviation, b, of the rotating axis from the true vertical of the rotating laser is equal to zero.
6 Simplified test procedure
6.1 Configuration of the test field
To keep the influence of refraction as small as possible, a reasonably horizontal test area shall be chosen. Six
fixed target points, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, shall be used to cover each horizontal quadrant at least with one target
and shall be set up in approximately the same horizontal plane at different distances, between 10 m and
60 m apart from the instrument station S. The directions from the instrument to the six fixed points shall be
spread over the horizon as equally as possible (see Figure 2).
Key
S instrument station
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 fixed target points (f)
Figure 2 — Configuration of the test field for the simplified test procedure
To ensure reliable results, the target points shall be marked in a stable manner and reliably fixed during the
test measurements, including repeat measurements.
The height differences between the six fixed points, 1 to 6, shall be determined using an optical level of
known high accuracy as described in Clause 5.
The following five height differences between the 6 target points are known and calculated with Formula (2):
d
21,
d = (2)
d
65,
6.2 Measurements
The instrument shall be set up in a stable manner above point S. Before commencing the measurements, the
laser beam shall become steady. To ensure that the laser plane of the instrument remains unchanged during
the whole measuring cycle, a fixed target shall be observed before and after each set, j, of measurements,
( j = 1,…,5).
Once the six target points are marked and reliably fixed, the six horizontal distances D between instrument
f
station and target points shall be measured, e.g. by using a tape measure or laser distance meter.
Six separate readings, x to x , on the scale of the levelling staff shall be carried out to each fixed target
j,1 j,6
point, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Between two sets of readings the instrument shall be lifted, turned clockwise
approximately 70°, placed in a slightly different position and relevelled. The time between any two sets of
readings shall be at least 10 min.
Each reading shall be taken in a precise mode according to the recommendations of the manufacturer.
Detection of height differences should be done by using a laser receiver that is typically part of the rotating
laser set. This laser receiver should be set to the highest available sensitivity.
6.3 Calculation
The mean horizontal distance, D , between instrument station and target points of the test configuration are
calculated with Formula (3):
1 6
DD= (3)
∑ f
f=1
f=…16,,
The evaluation of the readings, x , for each set, j, is based on the differences calculated with Formula (4):
f
d xx−
j,,21 jj,,21
d = = − (4)
j
d xx−
j,,65 jj,,65
j=…15,,
The residual vector of the height differences in set, j, is obtained by Formula (5):
rd=−d (5)
jj
j=…15,,
The sum of the residual squares of the height differences in set j is defined as given in Formula (6):
T
Ω =rr (6)
jj j
Finally, the sum of the residual squares of all five sets yields is calculated with Formula (7):
ΩΩ= (7)
∑ j
j=1
The experimental standard deviation, s, is calculated with Formula (8):
Ω
s= (8)
ν
and where ν is the corresponding number of degree of freedom as calculated according to Formula (9):
ν =×56−12= 5 (9)
()
The experimental standard deviation s is expressed in the unit of length and refers to the specific size of the
configured test field. An alternative, more comparable expression in unit mm/m is obtained by Formula (10):
s×1000
s = (10)
mm/m
D
The transformation in angular unit yields to Formula (11):
s
−1
s =tan (11)
Ang
D
A calculation example of the simplified test procedure is given in Annex A.
7 Full test procedure
7.1 Configuration of the test line
To keep the influence of refraction as small as possible, a reasonably horizontal test area shall be chosen.
The ground shall be compact and the surface shall be uniform; roads covered with asphalt or concrete shall
be avoided. If there is direct sunlight, the instrument and the levelling staffs shall be shaded, for example by
an umbrella.
Two levelling points, A and B, shall be set up apart from each other in a distance which is typical for the
working task and within the manufacturer’s specification, e.g. 40 m. To ensure reliable results, the
levelling staffs shall be set up in stable positions, reliably fixed during the test measurements, including
any repeat measurements. The instrument shall be placed at the positions S1, S2 and S3. The distance from
the instrument’s position S2 and S3 to the nearest levelling point shall be between 1/4 and 1/2 of distance
A-B. The position S1 shall be chosen equidistant between the levelling points A and B. See a configuration
example of using 40 m as distance, D , in Figure 3.
AB
Distances in metres
Figure 3 — Example of a configuration of the test line for the full test procedure
7.2 Measurements
Before starting measurements, the instrument shall be adjusted according to the manufacturer's
specifications.
For the full test procedure, i = 4 series of measurements should be performed. In each series, three
instrument setups S1, S2 and S3 are chosen, according to the configuration test line described before. At any
setup n = 4 sets of readings are taken. Each set consists of two readings, x and x , namely to rod A and to
Aj Bj
rod B. After each set, the orientation of the instrument has to be changed clockwise about 90° (see Figure 4).
Hence one series consists of j = 3 × 4 = 12 readings for each rod. In order to ensure that the deviation b is
aligned properly during the measurements, the instrument has to be oriented at the three positions S1, S2
and S3 in the same direction and the sense of rotation has to be maintained.
With each new setup of
...
Frequently Asked Questions
ISO 17123-6:2025 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Optics and optical instruments - Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments - Part 6: Rotating lasers". This standard covers: This document specifies field procedures to be adopted when determining and evaluating the precision (repeatability) of rotating lasers, the uncertainty of measurement results obtained by geodetic instruments and their ancillary equipment, particularly when used in building and surveying measurements for levelling tasks. Primarily, these tests are intended to be field verifications of the suitability of a particular instrument for the immediate task at hand and to satisfy the requirements of other standards. They are not proposed as tests for acceptance or performance evaluations that are more comprehensive in nature. This document can be considered as one of the first steps in the process of evaluating the uncertainty of a measurement (more specifically a measurand). The uncertainty of a result of a measurement is dependent on a number of parameters. Therefore, this document differentiates between various quality measures and testing objectives, including repeatability and reproducibility (between-day repeatability), and provides a thorough assessment of all potential error sources, as specified by ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 and ISO 17123-1. These field procedures have been developed specifically for in situ applications without the need for special ancillary equipment and are purposefully designed to minimize atmospheric influences.
This document specifies field procedures to be adopted when determining and evaluating the precision (repeatability) of rotating lasers, the uncertainty of measurement results obtained by geodetic instruments and their ancillary equipment, particularly when used in building and surveying measurements for levelling tasks. Primarily, these tests are intended to be field verifications of the suitability of a particular instrument for the immediate task at hand and to satisfy the requirements of other standards. They are not proposed as tests for acceptance or performance evaluations that are more comprehensive in nature. This document can be considered as one of the first steps in the process of evaluating the uncertainty of a measurement (more specifically a measurand). The uncertainty of a result of a measurement is dependent on a number of parameters. Therefore, this document differentiates between various quality measures and testing objectives, including repeatability and reproducibility (between-day repeatability), and provides a thorough assessment of all potential error sources, as specified by ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 and ISO 17123-1. These field procedures have been developed specifically for in situ applications without the need for special ancillary equipment and are purposefully designed to minimize atmospheric influences.
ISO 17123-6:2025 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 17.180.30 - Optical measuring instruments. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ISO 17123-6:2025 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ISO 17123-6:2022. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
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ISO 17123-6:2025 문서는 지오데식 및 측량 기기의 정밀성을 평가하기 위한 현장 절차를 명확히 규정하고 있으며, 이는 회전 레이저의 반복성(precision) 및 측정 결과의 불확실성을 결정하는 데 중점을 두고 있습니다. 이 표준은 건물 및 측량 측정에서 수평 작업을 수행할 때 사용되는 지오데식 기기 및 보조 장비의 신뢰성을 확인하기 위한 현장 검증 절차에 초점을 맞추고 있습니다. 이 문서의 강력한 점은 측정의 불확실성 평가에 있어 명확한 단계별 접근 방식을 제공한다는 것입니다. ISO 17123-6:2025는 여러 품질 측정 및 테스트 목표를 구분하여 반복성과 재현성(일간 반복성)을 포함한 다양한 요소를 평가하는 데 필요한 철저한 검토를 수행합니다. 이 과정에서 ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 및 ISO 17123-1에서 규정한 모든 잠재적 오류 원인을 특화하여 분석합니다. 또한, 이 표준은 특별한 보조 장비 없이 현장 적용을 위한 절차를 개발함으로써, 기기 사용의 실용성을 향상시키고 대기적 영향을 최소화하도록 설계되었습니다. 이러한 점에서 ISO 17123-6:2025는 측량 및 건축에서의 정밀한 레이저 사용을 보장하는 데 매우 관련성이 높습니다. 결론적으로, ISO 17123-6:2025는 현장 측정에서 회전 레이저의 성능을 체계적으로 검증할 수 있는 기준을 제공하며, 이는 측량 기기의 정확성과 신뢰성을 확보하는 데 필수적인 문서라고 할 수 있습니다.
ISO 17123-6:2025は、回転レーザーの精度（再現性）を測定するための現場手続きを規定した文書です。この標準は、地理測量機器およびその付属機器を使用した建物や測量作業におけるレベル測定に特に関連しています。その主な目的は、特定の機器が直面しているタスクに対する適正性をフィールドで検証することであり、他の標準の要件を満たすことです。 この標準の強みは、その明確に定義された範囲と、現場での適用性にあると言えます。ISO 17123-6は、特別な付属機器を必要とせずに、定常的な環境下で利用できるよう設計されており、これにより大気の影響を最小限に抑えることが可能です。また、測定結果の不確実性の評価プロセスの初期段階と見なされ、再現性や再現性（二日間再現性）を含むさまざまな品質指標とテスト目的の違いを際立たせています。 さらに、この文書はISO/IECガイド98-3やISO 17123-1によって指定された全ての潜在的な誤差源の徹底的な評価を提供します。言い換えれば、ISO 17123-6は測定結果の不確実性を評価する際に考慮すべき重要なパラメーターを情報提供しており、測量業界における標準化の強化に寄与しています。このように、ISO 17123-6:2025は、回転レーザーに関する現場手続きを確立し、実務における信頼性と精度の向上に貢献する重要な文書であることが評価されます。
La norme ISO 17123-6:2025 est un document essentiel dans le domaine des instruments géodésiques et d'optique, se concentrant spécifiquement sur les procédures de terrain pour tester les lasers rotatifs. Son champ d'application est bien défini, puisqu'elle spécifie les méthodes à adopter pour déterminer et évaluer la précision (répétabilité) des lasers rotatifs, ainsi que l'incertitude des résultats de mesure de ces instruments. Les points forts de cette norme résident dans sa capacité à offrir des vérifications de terrain, garantissant que l'instrument est adapté à la tâche immédiate, en particulier pour les mesures de nivellement dans le secteur de la construction et de l'arpentage. Contrairement à d'autres normes qui peuvent exiger des tests d'acceptation ou des évaluations de performance plus vastes, la norme ISO 17123-6:2025 se concentre sur des tests pratiques visant à établir un premier niveau d'évaluation de l'incertitude des mesures. Un autre élément saillant de cette norme est la distinction qu'elle opère entre les différentes mesures de qualité et objectifs de test, tels que la répétabilité et la reproductibilité (répétabilité entre jours). Cette approche permet aux professionnels d'avoir une compréhension claire des sources potentielles d'erreur, en se référant aux lignes directrices d’ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 et ISO 17123-1. De plus, les procédures de terrain décrites dans ce document sont conçues pour être appliquées in situ sans nécessiter d'équipement auxiliaire spécialisé, ce qui les rend pratiques et accessibles. En minimisant les influences atmosphériques, la norme contribue à garantir la fiabilité des résultats obtenus. Dans l'ensemble, ISO 17123-6:2025 représente une avancée significative pour les utilisateurs d'instruments géodésiques, offrant une méthodologie rigoureuse pour évaluer la précision et l'incertitude des lasers rotatifs dans des conditions de terrain réelles, ce qui en fait une référence incontournable pour les professionnels de l'arpentage et de la construction.
The ISO 17123-6:2025 standard offers comprehensive guidelines tailored for the evaluation of rotating lasers in geodetic and surveying contexts. This document's primary focus is on field procedures that ensure accurate assessments of the precision-specifically, the repeatability-of rotating lasers, crucial for building and surveying measurements concerning levelling tasks. One of the standout strengths of this standard is its emphasis on determining the uncertainty of measurement results, which is pivotal in achieving reliable outcomes in various geodetic applications. By prioritizing field verifications, it allows professionals to ascertain whether a specific instrument is suitable for its intended use without resorting to extensive acceptance tests. This makes ISO 17123-6:2025 particularly relevant for practitioners who require prompt and efficient evaluations in real-world scenarios. Additionally, the document adeptly addresses the complexity of measurement uncertainty by differentiating between essential quality measures, such as repeatability and reproducibility, and highlights the significance of various error sources. By aligning with established guidelines set forth in ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 and ISO 17123-1, ISO 17123-6:2025 establishes a rigorous framework that ensures consistency and reliability in testing methodologies. Moreover, the standard is constructed with in situ applications in mind, which enhances its practicality for users who operate under varying atmospheric conditions. The focus on minimizing atmospheric influences further underscores its importance in ensuring accuracy and reliability in field-based geodetic processes. In summary, ISO 17123-6:2025 plays a crucial role in standardizing the assessment of rotating lasers in the surveying industry. It equips professionals with the necessary procedures to gauge instrument precision effectively and evaluates measurement uncertainty, thereby reinforcing the relevance of this standard in the field of optics and optical instruments.
Die Norm ISO 17123-6:2025 behandelt die Verfahren zur Prüfung von geodätischen und Vermessungsinstrumenten, insbesondere von Rotationslasern. Der Umfang dieser Norm ist entscheidend für die Bestimmung und Bewertung der Präzision und Wiederholbarkeit dieser Instrumente im praktischen Einsatz, besonders bei Bau- und Vermessungsarbeiten, die für Nivellierungsaufgaben erforderlich sind. Die Norm legt spezifische Feldverfahren fest, die bei der Evaluation der Unsicherheit von Messergebnissen angewandt werden sollen, und bietet damit eine wertvolle Grundlage für Fachleute in der Geodäsie und Vermessungstechnik. Ein herausragendes Merkmal der ISO 17123-6:2025 ist ihre Fokussierung auf die praktische Anwendbarkeit der Prüfverfahren. Sie sind so konzipiert, dass sie vor Ort ohne spezielle Hilfsausrüstung durchgeführt werden können, was die Zugänglichkeit und Effizienz der Tests enorm steigert. Durch die Minimierung atmosphärischer Einflüsse wird die Genauigkeit der Messergebnisse weiter erhöht, was für die Relevanz der Norm spricht. Ein weiterer großer Vorteil dieser Norm ist die detaillierte Differenzierung zwischen verschiedenen Qualitätsmerkmalen und Testzielen wie Wiederholbarkeit und Reproduzierbarkeit. Dies hilft den Anwendern, die Unsicherheit von Messungen präziser zu verstehen und zu bewerten. Die umfassende Analyse aller potenziellen Fehlerquellen orientiert sich an den Richtlinien von ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 und ISO 17123-1 und stärkt somit das Vertrauen in die Messergebnisse. Insgesamt ist die ISO 17123-6:2025 von hoher Relevanz für Fachleute, die präzise und zuverlässige Daten bei Vermessungs- und Bauprojekten benötigen, und bietet durch ihre spezifischen Feldverfahren einen wertvollen Leitfaden zur Evaluierung der Messgenauigkeit von Rotationslasern.
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