ISO 881:1980
(Main)Asbestos-cement pipes, joints and fittings for sewerage and drainage
Asbestos-cement pipes, joints and fittings for sewerage and drainage
Gives specifications relating to asbestos-cement pipes, joints and fittings suitable for use with gravity flow at atmospheric pressure, intended for sewerage and drainage applications. Defines certain conditions of manufacture, classification, characteristics and acceptance tests applicable to these products.
Tuyaux, joints et accessoires en amiante-ciment pour canalisations d'assainissement
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
International Standard
.
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDlZATIONWE)I(L1YHAPO~HAR OPTAHM3ALWlR ll0 CTAH&WTH3ALWlWIRGANlSATlON INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Asbestos-cement pipes, joints and fittings for sewerage
and drainage
Tu yaux, joints et accessoires en amian te-cimen t pour canalisa tions d’assainissemen t
’ First edition - 1980-02-15
UDC 691328.5462: 621.643 Ref. No. IS0 881-1980 (E)
Descriptors : asbestos-cement products, pipes (tubes), pipe joints, sewers, drain pipes, classifying, dimensions, dimensional tolerances, tests,
crushing tests, pressure tests, bend tests, chemical tests.
Price based y-10 pages
.
’ b-
prelsgra-,
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
national standards i-nstitutes (IS0 member bodies). The work of developing Inter-
national Standards is carried out through IS0 technical committees. Every member
body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been set up has the
right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to
the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by
the IS0 Council.
International Standard IS0 881 was developed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 77,
Products in fibre reinforced cement, and was circulated to the member bodies in March
1979.
It has been approved by the member bodies of the following countries :
Australia Israel Romania
Austria
Italy South Africa, Rep. of
Brazil Korea, Rep. of Spain
Colombia Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Switzerland
Czechoslovakia Mexico Thailand
Egypt, Arab Rep. of Morocco Turkey
France Netherlands United Kingdom
Greece New Zealand USSR
India Poland
Yugoslavia
Ireland Portugal
The member body owing country expressed
of the foll disapproval of the document on
technical grounds
Belgium
This International Standard cancels and replaces IS0 Recommendation R 8814968, of
which it constitutes a technical revision.
0 International Organization for Standardization, 1980
Printed in Switzerland
ii
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
Contents
Page
........................................... 1
1 Scope and field of application
1
2 References .
3 Pipes . 1
4 Joints . 7
5 Fittings . 8
6 Inspection and acceptance . 9
Annex : Acceptance tests . 10
. . .
Ill
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This page intentionally left blank
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IS0 881-1980 (E)
INTERNATIONALSTANDARD
Asbestos-cement pipes, joints and fittings for sewerage
and drainage
1 Scope and field of application 3.2 Classification
This International Standard gives specifications relating to The pipes are classified according to their crushing strength.
The ultimate loads (see table 4) of the four5) following series are
asbestos-cement pipes, joints and fittings suitable for use with
gravity flow at atmospheric pressure? intended for sewerage based on a load per unit area61 of
and drainage applications; it defines certain conditions of
manufacture, classification, characteristics and acceptance - 40 kN/m2 for series 1
tests applicable to these products.
- 60 kN/m2 for series 2
NOTE - Asbestos-cement pressure pipes and joints are covered by
IS0 1602). Building and sanitary pipes in asbestos-cement are covered - 90 kN/m2 for series 3
by IS0 3912). Asbestos-cement pipe fittings for building and sanitary
purposes are covered by IS0 3922).
- 120 kN/m2 for series 4
provided that no crushing load at rupture (see 3.6.1) is less
than 15 kN/m.
2 References
The choice of the class of the pipes is determined by the pur-
chaser’s engineer, who is qualified to judge the conditions of
IS0 390, Asbestos-cement products - Sampling and inspec-
laying and using the pipes. However, it is recommended that a
tion.
class be selected such that, taking into account all the loads
and the method of laying adopted, the pipes used give a safety
I SO 2785, Guide to the selection of asbestos-cement pipes sub-
ject to external loads with or without internal pressure. factor against crushing of at least 1,3 for diameters up to 1 000
and of 1,5 for diameters above 1 000 (see also IS0 2785).
IS0 4482, Asbestos-cement pipelines - Guide for laying.
3.3 Types
The pipes may be either of the type with both ends plain or of
3 Pipes
the type with socket at one end.
3.1 Composition
The pipes shall be made from a close and homogeneous mix- 3.4 General appearance and finish
ture essentially consisting of a suitable inorganic hydraulic
binders), asbestos fibre and water, excluding any materials The internal surface shall be regular and smooth. If necessary,
liable to cause ultimate deterioration in the quality of the the pipes may be coated internally and/or externally, but their
pipes?) internal surface shall remain regular and smooth (see 6.4).
1) Accidental overpressures are admitted provided that a safety factor of 2,0 be maintained in relation to the hydraulic test pressure provided for in
3.6.2.
2) At present at the stage of draft. (Revisions of ISO/R 160, ISO/R 391 and ISO/R 392.)
3) National standards may specify the binder to be used.
4) This International Standard applies both to water-cured pipes and to autoclaved pipes in which the binder is partially replaced by ground silica.
5) National standards may include different series than the four mentioned above, but not lower than series 1.
6) The load per unit area is the crushing load per metre length of pipe divided by the nominal diameter of the pipe in metres.
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
IS0 8814980 (El
In special cases shorter pipes may be specified. The nominal
3.5 Characteristics
length should preferably be a multiple of 0,5 m (see also 6.3).
3.5.1 Geometrical characteristics
3.5.1 .I Nominal diameter
3.5.1.4 Tolerances
The nominal diameter of the pipe corresponds to the internal
a) External diameter of finished ends
diameter expressed in millimetres, tolerances excluded.
The tolerances on the external diameter of the pipe ends where
The series of nominal diameters is given in table 1. Nominal
jointing rings are located (plain ends), as well as a suitable
diameters not shown within parentheses are preferable.
method of measuring, shall be established by the manufacturer
according to the type of joint used and taking into account the
Table 1 - Nominal diameters
tolerances acceptable in respect of jointing rings.
100)
b) Regularity of the internal diameter (Roundness - Optional
200
test)
300)
If required, the regularity of the internal diameter of pipes of
400
nominal diameter up to 500 may be checked by means of a
500
sphere or a disk, of a material unaffected by water, passing
6.00
freely in the pipe.
700)
(1
The disk shall be kept perpendicular to the axis of the pipe. The
800
400
diameter of the sphere or the disk shall be less than the nominal
900)
450 (1
diameter of the pipe by the following value, expressed in
2 000 millimetres (rounded to the nearest millimetre) :
500
100)
600 (2
2,5 + 0,Ol d
700 2 200
800 (2 300) d being the nominal diameter, expressed in millimetres.
2 400
900
If required, the regularity of the internal diameter of pipes of
2 500
1 000
nominal diameter exceeding 500 shall be checked by measuring
at each end of the pipe three diameters at an angle of about 60°
NOTE - National standards may continue to provide for nominal
between them, with an accuracy of + 1 mm. None of the six
diameters from the following range of approximately corresponding
measured diameters shall be small& than that allowed by
metric/inch sizes : 100/4 in, 125/5 in, 150/6 in, 175/7 in, 200/8 in,
application of the above formula.
D5/9 in, 256/10 in, 300/12 in, 350/14 in, 375/15 in, 400/16 in,
450/18 in, 500/20 in, 525/21 in, 600/24 in, 675/27 in, 700/28 in,
c) Nominal thickness of the wall (excluding machined ends)
75O/3O in, 800/32 in, 825/33 in, 900/36 in, 975/39 in, 1 OOOMO in,
1 050/42 in.
The lower deviations of the tolerances are as follows for the
nominal thicknesses shown :
3.5.1.2 Thickness of wall
-
- 1,5 mm
up to 10 mm :
The nominal thickness of the pipes is the thickness of the barrel
-
over 10 mm up to 20 mm : - 2,0 mm
of the pipe, excluding the machined ends.
-
over 20 mm up to 30 mm : - 2,5 mm
The nominal thickness and the method of measurement shall
be specified by the manufacturer, taking into consideration all
-
over 30 mm up to 60 mm : - 3,0 mm
the requirements provided in this International Standard.
-
over 60 mm up to 90 mm : - 3,5 mm
3.5.1.3 Length
-
over 90 mm : - 4,0 mm
The nominal length of the pipes refers to the length measured
NOTE - Upper deviations are free.
between the extremities for pipes with plain ends and to the
effective length for socketed pipes. It should preferably be not
d) Nominal length
less than
- + 5
3 m for pipes with a nominal diameter equal to or less
For all lengths :
- 2omm
than 200,
-
e) Straightness (Optional test)
4 m for pipes with a nominal diameter exceeding 200.
2
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Is0 881-1980 CE)
-
The straightness may be checked by either of the following two a minimum transverse crushing strength of
methods : 33 N/mm2*.
- by rolling the pipe on two parallel runners placed at a
distance apart equal to two-thirds of the nominal length I of
3.5.3.2 Bending
the pipe [see figure la)], or
Tested as prescribed in 3.6.3 (optional test), pipes with nominal
- by rolling the pipe on an even, flat floor until one or
diameters of 100, 125 or 150, irrespective of their series, shall
both ends of the pipe reach the maximum elevation from the indicate minimum total bending loads at rupture of 2,8, 4,2 and
floor [see figure 1 b)].
6,0 kN respectively.
The maximum deviations, f, according to the method in
figure la) and measured on the external surface at mid-span, or
j, according to the method in figure lb) and measured from the
3.5.4 Chemical characteristics
floor to the outer-surface at the ends of the pipe, shall not
exceed the values in table 2.
Tested as prescribed in 3.6.4 (optional test), the pipes shall not
show a neutralization of acetic acid exceeding 0,100 g per
square centimetre.
Table 2 - Maximum deviations from straightness
f
i
Nominal diameter
mm mm
I
from 100 to 150 5,5 I 6,5 Z
5,5 I
from 200 to 400 4,5 I
from 450 to 2 500 3,0 z 4,0 z 3.6 Tests
Z being the length of the pipe, in metres.
The acceptance tests shall be carried out at the manufacturer’s
works on pipes, coated or otherwise, sufficiently matured. The
number of tests shall be as specified in IS0 390.
3.5.2 Physical characteristics
a) Compulsory test (see 3.5.3.1)
Tested as prescribed in 3.6.2 (optional test), the pipes shall
show no fissure, leakage or sweating.
Transverse crushing test (method as specified in 3.6.1).
3.5.3 Mechanical characteristics
b) Optional tests at purchaser’s request
3.5.3.1 Crushing 1) Hydraulic pressure test (method as specified in
3.6.2).
Tested as prescribed in 3.6.1 (compulsory test), the pipes shall
indicate 2) Longitudinal bending test (method as specified in
3.6.3) (see 3.5.3.2).
-
a minimum total transverse crushing load at rupture at
least equal to that defining the series to which they belong 3) Chemical resistance test (method as specified in
[see 3.6.1 a)]; 3.6.4) (see 3.5.4).
‘\
1 1
--I -I
2 2
F-
a) N
Id
Figure 1
- Measurement of straightness
* When dry specimens are tested, the minimum transverse crushing strength shall be 36 N/mm2.
3
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IS0 881-1980 0
3.6.1 Transverse crushing test after at least 15 s and not more than 30 s, according to the
diameter.
The test shall be carried out on a piece of pipe, taken from a
The lower press-block consists of a V-shaped support having
part not accommodating the joint, of a length cut to
an included angle of 150°, made of metal or hard wood; the flat
upper press-block, made of the same material, has a width b
- 200 mm for pipes of nominal diameters up to and in-
varying with the nominal diameter of the pipe. The values of b
cluding 300,
are given in table 3.
- 300 mm for pipes of nominal diameters from 350 to
The load may be applied either horizontally or vertically.
2500,
Strips of rubber of suitable width and length shall be interposed
after immersion for 48 h in water (see footnote to 3.5.3.1).
between the press-blocks and the test piece. The rubber strips
shall be 15 mm thick and of a hardness of 60 + 5 Shore A
The load shall- be applied through press-blocks as shown in
figure 2, at a constant rate regulated so that the rupture occurs degrees.
- Width of upper press-block
Table 3
Width b
Nominal diameter
mm
up to 250 25 .
300 to 350 35
400 to 450 50
500 to 600 60
700 to 800 85
900 to 1 000 105
1 loot0 1200 130
1 300 to 1 400 150
1 500 to 1 600 175
1 700 to 1 800 195
1 900 to 2 000 220
2 100to2200 240
2 300 to 2 400 265
2 500 290
Applied load (evenly distributed
over test length)
Applied load
Figure 2 - Loading in transverse crushing test
4
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IS0 881-1980 (El
a) Total transverse crushing loads on test length The total transverse crushing loads at rupture, expressed in
kilonewtons, shall be not less than the values given in table 4.
Table 4 - Transverse crushing loads
Length of Crushing load, kN
Nominal
test piece
diameter
mm Series 1 Series 2 Series 3 Series 4
100 200 - - - 3,O
125 200 - - - 3,O
150 200 - - 3,O 3,5
200 - 200 - 3,O 3,5 5,O
250 200 - 3,O 4,5 60
-
300 200 3,O 3,5 5,5 7,O
350 300 4,5 6,5 93 12,5
400 300 5,O 7,O 11 ,o 14,5
450 300 5,5 W 12,0 16,0
500 300 60 w 13,5 18,0
600 300 7,O 1 1 ,o 16,0 21,5
700 300 8,5 12,5 19,0 25,0
800 300 93 14,5 21,5 29,0
900 300 11 ,o 16,0 24,5 32,5
1 000 300 12,0 18,0 27‘0 36,0
1 100 300 13,5 20,o 29,5 39,5
1 200 300 14,5 21,5 32,5 43,0
1 300 300 15,5 23,5 35,0 47,0
1 400 300 17,0 25,0 38,0 50,5
1 500 300 18,0 27,0 40,5 54,0
1 600 300 19,0 29,0 43,0 57,5
1 700 300 20,5 30,5 46,0 61,0
1 800 300 21,5 32,5 48,5 65,0
1 900 300 23,0 34,0 51,5 68,5
2 000 300 24,0 36,0 54,0 72,0
2 100 300 25,0 38,0 56,5 75,5
2 200 300 26,5 39,5 59,5 79,0
2 300 300 27‘5 41,5 62,0 83,0
2 400 300 29,0 43,0 65,0 86,5
2 500 300 30,o 45,0 67‘5 90,o
NOTE - For the diameters shown in the note to 3.5.1 .I, the width of the upper press-block and the total transverse crushing load at rupture
shall be specified in accordance with 3.2 and with table 3.
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IS0 881-1980 (El
3.6.2 Internal hydraulic pressure test
b) Unit stress (see 3.5.3.1)
This test shall be carried out on whole pipes, including the
The unit transverse crushing strength Ret expressed in newtons
sockets if the pipes are socketed.
per square millimetre, is given by the formula
R,=&
The pipes shall be placed on a hydraulic press, the tightness at
we
the ends being ensured by an appropriate device. The hydraulic
where
pressure shall be measured by a pressure gauge calibrated to
give accurate readings [a manometer graduated to at least
3d + 5e
K = - is a factor resulting from the curvature of the 0,05 MPa IO,5 bar) is recommended].
3d + 3e
pipe,
The hydraulic pressure shall be raised gradually up to 0,25 MPa
d being the actual internal diameter of the test piece, in
(2,5 bar), irrespective of the class of the pipe. This pressure
millimetres, taken as the average of two perpendicular
shall be maintained for 60 s to check that there is no fissure,
measurements, and leakage or sweating.
e being the actual thickness of the wall of the test piece
The testing time may be reduced to 20 s, provided that the
in the broken sec
...
International Standard
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION.ME>K,QYHAPOflHAfl OPI-AHM3AlJMR i-l0 CTAH~APT1/13A~Mkl~ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Asbestos-cernent pipes, joints and fittings for sewerage
and drainage
Tu yaux, joints et accessoires en amiante-ciment pour canalisations d’assainissement
First edition - 1980-02-15
U DC 691.328.5-462 : 621.643
Ref. No. ISO 881-1980 (E)
iii
Descriptors : asbestos-cernent products, pipes (tubes), pipe joints, sewers, drain pipes, classifying, dimensions, dimensional tolerances, tests,
crushing tests, pressure tests, bend tests, chemical tests.
Price based on 10 pages
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
national standards institutes (ISO member bodies). The work of developing Inter-
national Standards is carried out through ISO technical committees. Every member
body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been set up has the
right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to
the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by
the ISO Council.
International Standard ISO 881 was developed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 77,
Products in fibre reinforced cernent, and was circulated to the member bodies in March
1979.
It has been approved by the member bodies of the following countries :
Australia Israel Romania
Austria I taly South Africa, Rep. of
Brazil Korea, Rep. of
Spain
Colombia Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Switzerland
Czechoslovakia Mexico Thailand
Egypt, Arab Rep. of Morocco Turkey
France Netherlands United Kingdom
Greece New Zealand
USSR
India Poland Y ugoslavia
I reland Portugal
The member body of the following country expressed disapproval of the document on
technical grounds :
Belgium
This International Standard cancels and replaces ISO Recommendation R 881-1968, of
which it constitutes a technical revision.
0 international Organization for Standardization, 1980 l
Printed in Switzerland
ii
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Contents
Page
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 Scope and field of application
. . . . * . * . . . . . . . . 1
2 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . * . . " . . . 1
3 Pipes. . . . . . . . . . . . a . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . " . . . . 7
4 Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . * . 8
5 Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ” . .
. . . . . . . * . . . . . . . . . 9
6 Inspection and acceptance . .
. . . . . , . . . 10
Annex : Acceptance tests . . . .
. . .
III
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Page blanche
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ISO 8814980 (E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
Asbestos-cernent pipes, joints and fittings for sewerage
and drainage
3.2 Classification
1 Scope and field of application
The pipes are classified according to their crushing strength.
This International Standard gives specifications relating to
asbestos-cernent pipes, joints and fittings suitable for use with The ultimate loads (sec table 4) of the four5) following series are
based on a load per unit area6) of
gravity flow at atmospheric pressure’), intended for sewerage
and drainage applications; it defines certain conditions of
manufacture, classification, characteristics and acceptance - 40 kN/m2 for series 1
tests applicable to these products.
- 60 kN/m2 for series 2
NOTE - Asbestos-cernent pressure pipes and joints are covered by
ISO 1602). Building and sanitary pipes in asbestos-cernent are covered - 90 kN/m2 for series 3
by ISO 3912). Asbestos-cernent pipe fittings for building and sanitary
purposes are covered by ISO 3922). -
120 kN/m2 for series 4
provided that no crushing load at rupture (see 3.6.1) is less
than 15 kN/m.
2 References
The choice of the class of the pipes is determined by the pur-
chaser’s engineer, who is qualified to judge the conditions of
ISO 390, Asbestos-cernent products - Sampling and inspec-
laying and using the pipes. However, it is recommended that a
tion.
class be selected such that, taking into account all the loads
and the method of laying adopted, the pipes used give a safety
ISO 2785, Guide to the selection of asbestos-cernent pipes sub-
ject to external loads with or withou t in ternal pressure. factor against crushing of at least 1,3 for diameters up to 1 006
and of 1,5 for diameters above 1 000 (sec also ISO 2785).
ISO 4482, Asbestos-cernent pipelines - Guide for laying.
3.3 Types
3 Pipes The pipes may be either of the type with both ends plain or of
the type with socket at one end.
3.1 Composition
The pipes shall be made from a close and homogeneous mix- 3.4 General appearance and finish
ture essentially consisting of a suitable inorganic hydraulic
The interna/ surface shall be regular and smooth. If necessary,
binders), asbestos fibre and water, excluding any materials
liable to cause ultimate deterioration in the quality of the the pipes may be coated internally and/or externally, but their
interna1 surface shall remain regular and smooth (see 6.4).
pipes!)
1) Accidental overpressures are admitted provided that a safety factor of 2,0 be maintained in relation to the hydraulic test pressure provided for in
3.6.2.
2) At present at the stage of draft. (Revisions of ISO/R 160, ISO/R 391 and ISO/R 392.)
3) National standards may specify the binder to be used.
4) This International Standard applies both to water-cured pipes and to autoclaved pipes in which the binder is partially replaced by ground silica.
5) National standards may include different series than the four mentioned above, but not lower than series 1.
6) The load per unit area is the crushing load per metre length of pipe divided by the nominal diameter of the pipe in metres.
1
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO 881-1980 (El
In special cases shorter pipes may be specified. The nominal
3.5 Characteristics
length should preferably be a multiple of 0,5 m (sec also 6.3).
3.5.1 Geometrical characteristics
3.51 .l Nominal diameter
3.5.1.4 Tolerances
The nominal diameter of the pipe corresponds to the interna0
a) External diameter of finished ends
diameter expressed in millimetres, tolerances excluded.
The tolerances on the external diameter of the pipe ends where
The series of nominal diameters is given in table 1. Nominal
jointing rings are located (plain ends), as well as a suitable
diameters not shown within parentheses are preferable.
method of measuring, shall be established by the manufacturer
according to the type of joint used and taking into account the
- Nominal diameters
Table 1
tolerances acceptable in respect of jointing rings.
100 (1 100)
b) Regularity of the interna1 diameter (Roundness - Optional
125 1 200
test)
150 (1 300)
If required, the regularity of the interna1 diameter of pipes of
200 1 400
nominal diameter up to 500 may be checked by means of a
250 1 500
sphere or a disk, of a material unaffected by water, passing
300 1 600
freely in the pipe.
350 (1 700)
The disk shall be kept perpendicular to the axis of the pipe. The
400 1 800
diameter of the sphere or the disk shall be less than the nominal
450 (1 900)
diameter of the pipe by the following value, expressed in
millimetres (rounded to the nearest millimetre) :
500 2 000
600 (2 100)
2,5 + 0,Ol d
700 2 200
(2 300) d being the nominal diameter, expressed in millimetres.
800
2 400
900
If required, the regularity of the interna1 diameter of pipes of
1 000 2 500
nominal diameter exceeding 500 shall be checked by measuring
at each end of the pipe three diameters at an angle of about 60°
NOTE - National standards may continue to provide for nominal
between them, with an accuracy of + 1 mm. None of the six
diameters from the following range of approximately corresponding
measured diameters shall be small& than that allowed by
metric/inch sizes : 100/4 in, 125/5 in, 150/6 in, 175/7 in, 200/8 in,
application of the above formula.
400/16 in,
22519 in, 250/10 in, 300/12 in, 350/14 in, 375/15 in,
700/28 in,
450/18 in, 500/20 in, 525/21 in, 600/24 in, 675/27 in,
c) Nominal thickness of the wall (excluding machined ends)
000/40 in,
750/30 in, 800/32 in, 825/33 in, 900/36 in, 975/39 in, 1
1 050/42 in.
The lower deviations of the tolerances are as follows for the
nominal thicknesses shown :
3.5.1.2 Thickness of wail
-
- 1,5 mm
up to 10 mm :
The nominal thickness of the pipes is the thickness of the barre1
-
over 10 mm up to 20 mm : - 2,0 mm
of the pipe, excluding the machined ends.
-
over 20 mm up to 30 mm : - 2,5 mm
The nominal thickness and the method of measurement shall
be specified by the manufacturer, taking into consideration all
-
over 30 mm up to 60 mm : - 3,0 mm
the requirements provided in this International Standard.
-
over 60 mm up to 90 mm : - 3,5 mm
3.5.1.3 Length
-
over 90 mm : - 4,0 mm
The nominal length of the pipes refers to the length measured
NOTE - Upper deviations are free.
between the extremities for pipes with plain ends and to the
effective length for socketed pipes. It should preferably be not
d) Nominal length
less than
+ 5
- 3 m for pipes with a nominal diameter equal to or less
For all lengths :
than 200, - 2omm
e) Straightness (Optional test)
- 4 m for pipes with a nominal diameter exceeding 200.
2
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 881-1980 (El
-
The straightness may be checked by either of the following two a minimum transverse crushing strength of
methods : 33 N/mm**.
- by rolling the pipe on two parallel runners placed at a
distance apart equal to two-thirds of the nominal length /of
3.5.3.2 Bending
the pipe [see figure la)], or
Tested as prescribed in 3.6.3 (optional test), pipes with nominal
- by rolling the pipe on an even, flat floor until one or diameters of 100, 125 or 150, irrespective of their series, shall
both ends of the pipe reach the maximum elevation from the indicate minimum total bending loads at rupture of 2,8, 4,2 and
floor [sec figure lb)].
6,0 kN respectively.
The maximum deviations, f; according to the method in
figure la) and measured on the external surface at mid-span, or
j, according to the method in figure lb) and measured from the
3.5.4 Chemical characteristics
floor to the outer surface at the ends of the pipe, shall not
exceed the values in table 2.
Tested as prescribed in 3.6.4 (optional test), the pipes shall not
show a neutralization of acetic acid exceeding 0,100 g per
square centimetre.
- Maximum deviations from straightness
Table 2
3.6 Tests
I being the length of the pipe, in metres
The acceptance tests shall be carried out at the manufacturer’s
works on pipes, coated or otherwise, sufficiently matured. The
number of tests shall be as specified in ISO 390.
3.5.2 Physical characteristics
a) Compulsory test (sec 3.5.3.1)
Tested as prescribed in 3.6.2 (optional test), the pipes shall
show no fissure, leakage or sweating.
Transverse crushing test (method as specified in 3.6.1).
3.5.3 Mechanical characteristics
b) Optional tests at purchaser’s request
3.5.3.1 Crushing 1) l-lydraulic pressure test (method as specified in
3.6.2) m
Tested as prescribed in 3.6.1 (compulsory test), the pipes shall
indicate 2) Longitudinal bending test (method as specified in
3.6.3) (sec 3.5.3.2).
-
a minimum total transverse crushing load at rupture at
least equal to that defining the series to which they belong 3) Chemical resistance test (method as specified in
[sec 3.6.1 a)]; 3.6.4) (sec 3.5.4).
Figure 1 -
* When dry specimens are tested, the minimum transverse crushing strength shall be 36 N/mm*.
3
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 881-1980 (E)
3.6.1 Transverse crushing test after at least 15 s and not more than 30 s, according to the
diameter.
The test shall be carried out on a piece of pipe, taken from a
part not accommodating the joint, of a length tut to The lower press-block consists of a V-shaped support having
an included angle of 150°, made of metal or hard wood; the flat
- 200 mm for pipes of nominal diameters up to and in- Upper press-block, made of the same material, has a width b
cluding 300, varying with the nominal diameter of the pipe. The values of b
are given in table 3.
- 300 mm for pipes of nominal diameters from 350 to
2 500, The load may be applied either horizontally or vertically.
after immersion for 48 h in water (see footnote to 3.5.3.1). Strips of rubber of suitable width and length shall be interposed
between the press-blocks and the test piece. The rubber strips
The load shall be applied through press-blocks as shown in shall be 15 mm thick and of a hardness of 60 + 5 Shore A
-
figure 2, at a constant rate regulated SO that the rupture occurs degrees.
- Width of Upper press-block
Table 3
Width b
Nominal diameter
mm
up to 250 25
300 to 350 35
400 to 450 50
500 to 600 60
700 to 800 85
900 to 1 000 105
1100t01200 130
1 300 to 1 400 150
1 500 to 1 600 175
1 700 to 1 800 195
1 900 to 2 000 220
2 100to2200 240
2 300 to 2 400 265
2 500 290
Applied load (evenly distributed
over test length)
Appl ied load
b
-Ii-l--
Figure 2 - Loading in transverse crushing test
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO 881-1980 (El
The total transverse crushing loads at rupture, expressed in
. a) Total transverse crushing loads on test length
kilonewtons, shall be not less than the values given in table 4.
Table 4 - Transverse crushing loads
Crushing load, kN
Length of
Nominal
test piece
diameter
mm Series 1 Series 2 Series 3 Series 4
100 200 - - - 310
125 200 - - - 3,O
150 200 - - 3,O 3,5
200 200 - 3,O 3,5 5,O
250 200 - 3,O 4,5 60
300 200 3,O 3,5 5,5 7,O
350 300 4,5 6,5 95 12,5
400 300 5,O 7,O 1 l,o 14,5
450 300 5,5 W 12,o 16,0
500 300 60 w 13,5 18,O
600 300 7,O 1 1 ,o 16,0 21,5
700 300 8,5 12,5 19,o 25,0
800 300 915 14,5 21,5 29,0
900 300 1 1 ,o 16,0 24,5 32,5
1 000 300 12,0 18,O 27,0 36,0
1 100 300
13,5 20,o 29,5 39,5
1 200 300 14,5 21,5 32,5 43,0
1 300 300 15,5 23,5 35,0 47,0
1 400 300 17,0 25,0 38,0 50,5
1 500 300 18,0 27,0 40,5 54,0
1 600 300 19,0 29,0 43,0 57,5
1 700 300 20,5 30,5 46,0 61,0
1 800 300 21,5 32,5 48,5 65,0
1 900 300 23,0 34 ,o 51,5 68,5
2 000 300 24,0 36,0 54,0 72,0
2 100 300 25,0 38,0 56,5 75,5
2 200 300 26,5 39,5 59,5 79,0
2 300 300 27,5 41,5 62,0 83,0
2 400 300 29,0 43,0 65,0 86,5
2 500 300 30,o 45,0 67,5 90,o
NOTE - For the diameters shown in the note to 3.5.1 .l, the width of the Upper press-block and the total transverse crushing load at rupture
shall be specified in accordance with 3.2 and with table 3.
5
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO 881-1980 E)
b) Unit stress (see 3.5.3.1) 3.6.2 Interna1 hydraulic pressure test
The unit transverse crushing strength Re, expressed in newtons This test shall be carried out on whole pipes, including the
sockets if the pipes are socketed.
per square millimetre, is given by the formula
R, = KM”
The pipes shall be placed on a hydraulic press, the tightness at
We
the ends being ensured by an appropriate device. The hydraulic
where
pressure shall be measured by a pressure gauge calibrated to
give accurate readings [a manometer graduated to at least
K _ Td + se.
-
p IS a factor resulting from the curvature of the 0,05 MPa (0,5 bar) is recommendedl.
3d + 3e
pipe,
The hydraulic pressure shall be raised gradually up to 0,25 MPa
d being the actual interna1 diameter of the test piece, in
(2,5 bar), irrespective of the class of the pipe. This pressure
millimetres, taken as the average of two perpendicular
shall be maintained for 60 s to check that there is no fissure,
measurements, and leakage or sweating.
e being the actual thickness of the wall of the test piece
The testing time may be reduced to 20 s, provided that the
in the broken section, in millimetres, taken as the
pressure is increased to 0,3 MPa (3,0 bar).
average of three measurements made along the line of
fracture at
...
International Standard
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION.ME>K,QYHAPOflHAfl OPI-AHM3AlJMR i-l0 CTAH~APT1/13A~Mkl~ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Asbestos-cernent pipes, joints and fittings for sewerage
and drainage
Tu yaux, joints et accessoires en amiante-ciment pour canalisations d’assainissement
First edition - 1980-02-15
U DC 691.328.5-462 : 621.643
Ref. No. ISO 881-1980 (E)
iii
Descriptors : asbestos-cernent products, pipes (tubes), pipe joints, sewers, drain pipes, classifying, dimensions, dimensional tolerances, tests,
crushing tests, pressure tests, bend tests, chemical tests.
Price based on 10 pages
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
national standards institutes (ISO member bodies). The work of developing Inter-
national Standards is carried out through ISO technical committees. Every member
body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been set up has the
right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to
the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by
the ISO Council.
International Standard ISO 881 was developed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 77,
Products in fibre reinforced cernent, and was circulated to the member bodies in March
1979.
It has been approved by the member bodies of the following countries :
Australia Israel Romania
Austria I taly South Africa, Rep. of
Brazil Korea, Rep. of
Spain
Colombia Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Switzerland
Czechoslovakia Mexico Thailand
Egypt, Arab Rep. of Morocco Turkey
France Netherlands United Kingdom
Greece New Zealand
USSR
India Poland Y ugoslavia
I reland Portugal
The member body of the following country expressed disapproval of the document on
technical grounds :
Belgium
This International Standard cancels and replaces ISO Recommendation R 881-1968, of
which it constitutes a technical revision.
0 international Organization for Standardization, 1980 l
Printed in Switzerland
ii
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
Contents
Page
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 Scope and field of application
. . . . * . * . . . . . . . . 1
2 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . * . . " . . . 1
3 Pipes. . . . . . . . . . . . a . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . " . . . . 7
4 Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . * . 8
5 Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ” . .
. . . . . . . * . . . . . . . . . 9
6 Inspection and acceptance . .
. . . . . , . . . 10
Annex : Acceptance tests . . . .
. . .
III
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
Page blanche
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 8814980 (E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
Asbestos-cernent pipes, joints and fittings for sewerage
and drainage
3.2 Classification
1 Scope and field of application
The pipes are classified according to their crushing strength.
This International Standard gives specifications relating to
asbestos-cernent pipes, joints and fittings suitable for use with The ultimate loads (sec table 4) of the four5) following series are
based on a load per unit area6) of
gravity flow at atmospheric pressure’), intended for sewerage
and drainage applications; it defines certain conditions of
manufacture, classification, characteristics and acceptance - 40 kN/m2 for series 1
tests applicable to these products.
- 60 kN/m2 for series 2
NOTE - Asbestos-cernent pressure pipes and joints are covered by
ISO 1602). Building and sanitary pipes in asbestos-cernent are covered - 90 kN/m2 for series 3
by ISO 3912). Asbestos-cernent pipe fittings for building and sanitary
purposes are covered by ISO 3922). -
120 kN/m2 for series 4
provided that no crushing load at rupture (see 3.6.1) is less
than 15 kN/m.
2 References
The choice of the class of the pipes is determined by the pur-
chaser’s engineer, who is qualified to judge the conditions of
ISO 390, Asbestos-cernent products - Sampling and inspec-
laying and using the pipes. However, it is recommended that a
tion.
class be selected such that, taking into account all the loads
and the method of laying adopted, the pipes used give a safety
ISO 2785, Guide to the selection of asbestos-cernent pipes sub-
ject to external loads with or withou t in ternal pressure. factor against crushing of at least 1,3 for diameters up to 1 006
and of 1,5 for diameters above 1 000 (sec also ISO 2785).
ISO 4482, Asbestos-cernent pipelines - Guide for laying.
3.3 Types
3 Pipes The pipes may be either of the type with both ends plain or of
the type with socket at one end.
3.1 Composition
The pipes shall be made from a close and homogeneous mix- 3.4 General appearance and finish
ture essentially consisting of a suitable inorganic hydraulic
The interna/ surface shall be regular and smooth. If necessary,
binders), asbestos fibre and water, excluding any materials
liable to cause ultimate deterioration in the quality of the the pipes may be coated internally and/or externally, but their
interna1 surface shall remain regular and smooth (see 6.4).
pipes!)
1) Accidental overpressures are admitted provided that a safety factor of 2,0 be maintained in relation to the hydraulic test pressure provided for in
3.6.2.
2) At present at the stage of draft. (Revisions of ISO/R 160, ISO/R 391 and ISO/R 392.)
3) National standards may specify the binder to be used.
4) This International Standard applies both to water-cured pipes and to autoclaved pipes in which the binder is partially replaced by ground silica.
5) National standards may include different series than the four mentioned above, but not lower than series 1.
6) The load per unit area is the crushing load per metre length of pipe divided by the nominal diameter of the pipe in metres.
1
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO 881-1980 (El
In special cases shorter pipes may be specified. The nominal
3.5 Characteristics
length should preferably be a multiple of 0,5 m (sec also 6.3).
3.5.1 Geometrical characteristics
3.51 .l Nominal diameter
3.5.1.4 Tolerances
The nominal diameter of the pipe corresponds to the interna0
a) External diameter of finished ends
diameter expressed in millimetres, tolerances excluded.
The tolerances on the external diameter of the pipe ends where
The series of nominal diameters is given in table 1. Nominal
jointing rings are located (plain ends), as well as a suitable
diameters not shown within parentheses are preferable.
method of measuring, shall be established by the manufacturer
according to the type of joint used and taking into account the
- Nominal diameters
Table 1
tolerances acceptable in respect of jointing rings.
100 (1 100)
b) Regularity of the interna1 diameter (Roundness - Optional
125 1 200
test)
150 (1 300)
If required, the regularity of the interna1 diameter of pipes of
200 1 400
nominal diameter up to 500 may be checked by means of a
250 1 500
sphere or a disk, of a material unaffected by water, passing
300 1 600
freely in the pipe.
350 (1 700)
The disk shall be kept perpendicular to the axis of the pipe. The
400 1 800
diameter of the sphere or the disk shall be less than the nominal
450 (1 900)
diameter of the pipe by the following value, expressed in
millimetres (rounded to the nearest millimetre) :
500 2 000
600 (2 100)
2,5 + 0,Ol d
700 2 200
(2 300) d being the nominal diameter, expressed in millimetres.
800
2 400
900
If required, the regularity of the interna1 diameter of pipes of
1 000 2 500
nominal diameter exceeding 500 shall be checked by measuring
at each end of the pipe three diameters at an angle of about 60°
NOTE - National standards may continue to provide for nominal
between them, with an accuracy of + 1 mm. None of the six
diameters from the following range of approximately corresponding
measured diameters shall be small& than that allowed by
metric/inch sizes : 100/4 in, 125/5 in, 150/6 in, 175/7 in, 200/8 in,
application of the above formula.
400/16 in,
22519 in, 250/10 in, 300/12 in, 350/14 in, 375/15 in,
700/28 in,
450/18 in, 500/20 in, 525/21 in, 600/24 in, 675/27 in,
c) Nominal thickness of the wall (excluding machined ends)
000/40 in,
750/30 in, 800/32 in, 825/33 in, 900/36 in, 975/39 in, 1
1 050/42 in.
The lower deviations of the tolerances are as follows for the
nominal thicknesses shown :
3.5.1.2 Thickness of wail
-
- 1,5 mm
up to 10 mm :
The nominal thickness of the pipes is the thickness of the barre1
-
over 10 mm up to 20 mm : - 2,0 mm
of the pipe, excluding the machined ends.
-
over 20 mm up to 30 mm : - 2,5 mm
The nominal thickness and the method of measurement shall
be specified by the manufacturer, taking into consideration all
-
over 30 mm up to 60 mm : - 3,0 mm
the requirements provided in this International Standard.
-
over 60 mm up to 90 mm : - 3,5 mm
3.5.1.3 Length
-
over 90 mm : - 4,0 mm
The nominal length of the pipes refers to the length measured
NOTE - Upper deviations are free.
between the extremities for pipes with plain ends and to the
effective length for socketed pipes. It should preferably be not
d) Nominal length
less than
+ 5
- 3 m for pipes with a nominal diameter equal to or less
For all lengths :
than 200, - 2omm
e) Straightness (Optional test)
- 4 m for pipes with a nominal diameter exceeding 200.
2
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 881-1980 (El
-
The straightness may be checked by either of the following two a minimum transverse crushing strength of
methods : 33 N/mm**.
- by rolling the pipe on two parallel runners placed at a
distance apart equal to two-thirds of the nominal length /of
3.5.3.2 Bending
the pipe [see figure la)], or
Tested as prescribed in 3.6.3 (optional test), pipes with nominal
- by rolling the pipe on an even, flat floor until one or diameters of 100, 125 or 150, irrespective of their series, shall
both ends of the pipe reach the maximum elevation from the indicate minimum total bending loads at rupture of 2,8, 4,2 and
floor [sec figure lb)].
6,0 kN respectively.
The maximum deviations, f; according to the method in
figure la) and measured on the external surface at mid-span, or
j, according to the method in figure lb) and measured from the
3.5.4 Chemical characteristics
floor to the outer surface at the ends of the pipe, shall not
exceed the values in table 2.
Tested as prescribed in 3.6.4 (optional test), the pipes shall not
show a neutralization of acetic acid exceeding 0,100 g per
square centimetre.
- Maximum deviations from straightness
Table 2
3.6 Tests
I being the length of the pipe, in metres
The acceptance tests shall be carried out at the manufacturer’s
works on pipes, coated or otherwise, sufficiently matured. The
number of tests shall be as specified in ISO 390.
3.5.2 Physical characteristics
a) Compulsory test (sec 3.5.3.1)
Tested as prescribed in 3.6.2 (optional test), the pipes shall
show no fissure, leakage or sweating.
Transverse crushing test (method as specified in 3.6.1).
3.5.3 Mechanical characteristics
b) Optional tests at purchaser’s request
3.5.3.1 Crushing 1) l-lydraulic pressure test (method as specified in
3.6.2) m
Tested as prescribed in 3.6.1 (compulsory test), the pipes shall
indicate 2) Longitudinal bending test (method as specified in
3.6.3) (sec 3.5.3.2).
-
a minimum total transverse crushing load at rupture at
least equal to that defining the series to which they belong 3) Chemical resistance test (method as specified in
[sec 3.6.1 a)]; 3.6.4) (sec 3.5.4).
Figure 1 -
* When dry specimens are tested, the minimum transverse crushing strength shall be 36 N/mm*.
3
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 881-1980 (E)
3.6.1 Transverse crushing test after at least 15 s and not more than 30 s, according to the
diameter.
The test shall be carried out on a piece of pipe, taken from a
part not accommodating the joint, of a length tut to The lower press-block consists of a V-shaped support having
an included angle of 150°, made of metal or hard wood; the flat
- 200 mm for pipes of nominal diameters up to and in- Upper press-block, made of the same material, has a width b
cluding 300, varying with the nominal diameter of the pipe. The values of b
are given in table 3.
- 300 mm for pipes of nominal diameters from 350 to
2 500, The load may be applied either horizontally or vertically.
after immersion for 48 h in water (see footnote to 3.5.3.1). Strips of rubber of suitable width and length shall be interposed
between the press-blocks and the test piece. The rubber strips
The load shall be applied through press-blocks as shown in shall be 15 mm thick and of a hardness of 60 + 5 Shore A
-
figure 2, at a constant rate regulated SO that the rupture occurs degrees.
- Width of Upper press-block
Table 3
Width b
Nominal diameter
mm
up to 250 25
300 to 350 35
400 to 450 50
500 to 600 60
700 to 800 85
900 to 1 000 105
1100t01200 130
1 300 to 1 400 150
1 500 to 1 600 175
1 700 to 1 800 195
1 900 to 2 000 220
2 100to2200 240
2 300 to 2 400 265
2 500 290
Applied load (evenly distributed
over test length)
Appl ied load
b
-Ii-l--
Figure 2 - Loading in transverse crushing test
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO 881-1980 (El
The total transverse crushing loads at rupture, expressed in
. a) Total transverse crushing loads on test length
kilonewtons, shall be not less than the values given in table 4.
Table 4 - Transverse crushing loads
Crushing load, kN
Length of
Nominal
test piece
diameter
mm Series 1 Series 2 Series 3 Series 4
100 200 - - - 310
125 200 - - - 3,O
150 200 - - 3,O 3,5
200 200 - 3,O 3,5 5,O
250 200 - 3,O 4,5 60
300 200 3,O 3,5 5,5 7,O
350 300 4,5 6,5 95 12,5
400 300 5,O 7,O 1 l,o 14,5
450 300 5,5 W 12,o 16,0
500 300 60 w 13,5 18,O
600 300 7,O 1 1 ,o 16,0 21,5
700 300 8,5 12,5 19,o 25,0
800 300 915 14,5 21,5 29,0
900 300 1 1 ,o 16,0 24,5 32,5
1 000 300 12,0 18,O 27,0 36,0
1 100 300
13,5 20,o 29,5 39,5
1 200 300 14,5 21,5 32,5 43,0
1 300 300 15,5 23,5 35,0 47,0
1 400 300 17,0 25,0 38,0 50,5
1 500 300 18,0 27,0 40,5 54,0
1 600 300 19,0 29,0 43,0 57,5
1 700 300 20,5 30,5 46,0 61,0
1 800 300 21,5 32,5 48,5 65,0
1 900 300 23,0 34 ,o 51,5 68,5
2 000 300 24,0 36,0 54,0 72,0
2 100 300 25,0 38,0 56,5 75,5
2 200 300 26,5 39,5 59,5 79,0
2 300 300 27,5 41,5 62,0 83,0
2 400 300 29,0 43,0 65,0 86,5
2 500 300 30,o 45,0 67,5 90,o
NOTE - For the diameters shown in the note to 3.5.1 .l, the width of the Upper press-block and the total transverse crushing load at rupture
shall be specified in accordance with 3.2 and with table 3.
5
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO 881-1980 E)
b) Unit stress (see 3.5.3.1) 3.6.2 Interna1 hydraulic pressure test
The unit transverse crushing strength Re, expressed in newtons This test shall be carried out on whole pipes, including the
sockets if the pipes are socketed.
per square millimetre, is given by the formula
R, = KM”
The pipes shall be placed on a hydraulic press, the tightness at
We
the ends being ensured by an appropriate device. The hydraulic
where
pressure shall be measured by a pressure gauge calibrated to
give accurate readings [a manometer graduated to at least
K _ Td + se.
-
p IS a factor resulting from the curvature of the 0,05 MPa (0,5 bar) is recommendedl.
3d + 3e
pipe,
The hydraulic pressure shall be raised gradually up to 0,25 MPa
d being the actual interna1 diameter of the test piece, in
(2,5 bar), irrespective of the class of the pipe. This pressure
millimetres, taken as the average of two perpendicular
shall be maintained for 60 s to check that there is no fissure,
measurements, and leakage or sweating.
e being the actual thickness of the wall of the test piece
The testing time may be reduced to 20 s, provided that the
in the broken section, in millimetres, taken as the
pressure is increased to 0,3 MPa (3,0 bar).
average of three measurements made along the line of
fracture at
...
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