Space systems — Human-life activity support systems and equipment integration in space flight — Techno-medical requirements for space vehicle human habitation environments — Requirements for the air quality affected by harmful chemical contaminants

ISO 16726:2018 is a 3rd level standard with respect to ISO 17763 and is a 2nd level standard with respect to ISO 16157. ISO 16726:2018 establishes environmental conditions for spacecraft air quality, including harmful chemical contaminants and requirements for harmful air contaminants' removal systems. NOTE These systems support stated environmental conditions.

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Published
Publication Date
25-Apr-2018
Current Stage
9060 - Close of review
Start Date
02-Dec-2028
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ISO 16726:2018 - Space systems -- Human-life activity support systems and equipment integration in space flight -- Techno-medical requirements for space vehicle human habitation environments -- Requirements for the air quality affected by harmful chemical contaminants
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16726
First edition
2018-05
Space systems — Human-life activity
support systems and equipment
integration in space flight —
Techno-medical requirements for
space vehicle human habitation
environments — Requirements for
the air quality affected by harmful
chemical contaminants
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Reference number
ISO 16726:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018

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ISO 16726:2018(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

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ISO 16726:2018(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3
5 Application of this document in space programs . 3
5.1 General . 3
5.2 This document applicability . 3
5.3 Specific program requirements . 3
5.4 Monitoring of the flight program compliance to this document . 3
5.5 Verification of program requirements . 3
6 Air quality control according to contaminants . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Substance estimation by toxicological group . 6
6.3 Evaluation of toxic contaminants . 6
6.4 Requirements for non-metallic materials and their selection for use in manned modules . 6
7 Air quality control according for carbon dioxide . 7
8 Air quality control during ground processing for MSC and habitable modules .7
9 Air quality control in emergency situations (caused by emission of large amounts
of pollutants) . 7
Annex A (normative) Daily rates of human excreted harmful gaseous contaminants .9
Bibliography .10
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO 16726:2018(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles,
Subcommittee SC 14, Space systems and operation.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

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ISO 16726:2018(E)

Introduction
This document regulates operation of systems removing harmful air contaminants from manned
spacecraft and habitable modules, necessary for crew life support on a space mission.
This document is considered to be the 3rd level standard according to ISO 17763 and ISO 16157 (which
is the 2nd level standard). It is also a part of the latter document.
This document establishes requirements for measurements of air quality affected by harmful chemical
contaminants. Systems that remove harmful air contaminants out of manned spacecraft and habitable
modules (as a part of life crew support system) sustain the process of air quality control.
The document’s goals are:
— to elaborate integrated technical and medical requirements for air quality and harmful chemical
contaminants for designers who develop systems of harmful air contaminants’ removal from
astronaut-inhabited aircrafts and modules;
— to maintain air quality for astronauts (control of harmful chemical contaminants); and
— to elaborate integrated technical and medical requirements for medical staff in order to control air
quality and harmful chemical contaminants in it and support a crew life system.
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved v

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16726:2018(E)
Space systems — Human-life activity support systems
and equipment integration in space flight — Techno-
medical requirements for space vehicle human habitation
environments — Requirements for the air quality affected
by harmful chemical contaminants
1 Scope
This document is a 3rd level standard with respect to ISO 17763 and is a 2nd level standard with respect
to ISO 16157.
This document establishes environmental conditions for spacecraft air quality, including harmful
chemical contaminants and requirements for harmful air contaminants’ removal systems.
NOTE These systems support stated environmental conditions.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
1)
ISO 17763, Space systems — Human-life activity support systems and equipment integration in space flight
ISO 16157, Space systems — Human-life activity support systems and equipment integration in space flight
2)
— Techno-medical requirements for space vehicle crew habitation environments
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https: //www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
3.1
human habitation environment in spacecraft
complex issue that involves material, energy and information flows, as well as elements formed in SC
habitable compartments
Note 1 to entry: Such elements are derived from life activity processes, human social-labour processes, space
factors, space mobility, and hardware functioning processes, including the ones designed to arrange humans’
interaction with the habitation environment in order to provide specified conditions for human life activity in
space flights.
[SOURCE: ISO 17763, 3.1]
1) Under preparation.
2) Under preparation.
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved 1

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ISO 16726:2018(E)

3.2
human living conditions in SC
complex of human habitation environment parameters in SC, providing health maintenance, human
safety and keeping of his ability to work at a level needed to execute the planned work program
[SOURCE: ISO 17763, 3.2]
3.3
techno-medical requirements for human habitation environments
complex of biomedical, hygiene/sanitary, ergonomic and design issues
Note 1 to entry: Those requirements take into account physiological and social-psychological human needs in the
process of hardware development and operation in order to guarantee specified living conditions aboard space
systems.
[SOURCE: ISO 17763, 3.3]
3.4
manned (habitable) spacecraft
MSC
spacecraft, spaceship, space station, Lunar or planetary base with pressurized components inside
which human habitation environment is maintained
[SOURCE: ISO 16157, 3.4]
3.5
life support systems
LSS
systems supporting mass and energy exchange between space traveller’s body and habitable
environment inside MSC
[SOURCE: ISO 16157, 3.5]
3.6
extravehicular activity
EVA
spacesuited activities outside MSC
[SOURCE: ISO 16157, 3.6]
3.7
harmful chemical contaminants
gaseous contaminants in habitable environment of a manned spacecraft or module, causing toxic effect
on humans
3.8
limiting permissible concentration
LPC
safe concentration of harmful (toxic) substance in the air at a given mission duration for nominal
conditions
Note 1 to entry: This concentration determines a «zero risk» level.
3.9
maximum allowable concentration
MAC
safe concentration of toxic substance in the air at a given mission duration for off-nominal conditions
and emergency situations
Note 1 to entry: This concentration determines an «acceptable risk» level
2 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

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ISO 16726:2018(E)

3.10
maximum permissible concentration for single dose
MPC
SD
concentration of toxic substance in the air in emergency situations for single dose and different
duration, which guaranty human health maintenance
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
CAS (CAS#) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number www .cas .org for chemicals unique
identification
SS Space Systems
SC Spacecraft
5 Application of this document in space programs
5.1 General
Implementation of space programs and integration with human life activity shall be considered at all
levels — from individual components to full integration.
5.2 This document applicability
All requirements stated in this document, unless otherwise specified, shall be applicable to all phases
of the flight program.
5.3 Specific program requirements
Each human space flight program shall establish its specific requirements for development of this
document. These requirements shall be verifiable.
5.4 Monitoring of the flight program compliance to this document
Each human space flight program shall be a subject to permanent monitoring to verify compliance with
this document, including design, development, tests, an
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