ISO/PAS 24565:2022
(Main)Petroleum and natural gas industries — Ceramic lined tubing
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Ceramic lined tubing
This document specifies requirements for ceramic lined tubing (CLT) used in the petroleum and natural gas industries, including configuration and materials, manufacturing, inspection and testing, marking, packaging, transportation, and storage. This document is applicable to CLT manufactured by centrifugal self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. The applicable outside diameter of CLT ranges from 42,16 mm (1,66 inch) to 114,3 mm (4-1/2 inch). The steel grades include H40, J55, and N80 type 1. NOTE Applicability of this document to other sizes and higher steel grades can be by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. CLT is suitable for extracting multiphase fluid, hydrocarbon gas, hydrocarbon liquid, and water under corrosive, abrasive, wax deposition, scaling, and high temperature environments.
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Tubes de production avec revêtement céramique
General Information
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
PUBLICLY ISO/PAS
AVAILABLE 24565
SPECIFICATION
First edition
2022-01
Petroleum and natural gas
industries — Ceramic lined tubing
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Tubes de production avec
revêtement céramique
Reference number
ISO/PAS 24565:2022(E)
© ISO 2022
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/PAS 24565:2022(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/PAS 24565:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
3.1 Terms and definitions . 2
3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3
3.2.1 Symbols. 3
3.2.2 Abbreviated terms . 3
4 CLT configuration and materials .4
4.1 Configuration . 4
4.2 Pipe ends . 5
4.3 Connection type . 5
4.4 Material requirements. 6
4.4.1 Backing pipe . 6
4.4.2 Thermite . 6
4.4.3 End cap and CB ring . 6
5 Manufacturing . 6
5.1 Treatment of backing pipe . . 6
5.1.1 Distinguishing of the used tubing . 6
5.1.2 Blast-cleaning . 7
5.1.3 Straightening of the used tubing . 7
5.2 Manufacture of CLT . 7
5.2.1 Thermite mixing . 7
5.2.2 Filling . 7
5.2.3 Lining . 7
5.2.4 Heat treatment . 7
5.2.5 Installation of the end cap . 7
5.2.6 Threading . 7
5.3 Manufacture of CB Ring . 8
5.4 Installation of CB Rings . 8
5.5 Traceability . 8
5.6 Purchaser inspection . 8
6 Inspection and testing .8
6.1 General . 8
6.2 Inspection of backing pipe . 8
6.3 Inspection of ceramic liner . 9
6.3.1 Surface . 9
6.3.2 Thickness . 9
6.3.3 Hardness and density . 9
6.4 Inspection of CLT . 9
6.4.1 Dimensions test . 9
6.4.2 Length measurement . 9
6.4.3 Straightness evaluation. 10
6.4.4 Thread and end cap inspection . 10
6.4.5 Drift test . 11
6.4.6 Hydrostatic test . 11
6.4.7 Corrosion test . 11
6.4.8 Tensile and impact test .12
6.4.9 Connection test .12
6.5 Additional tests .12
6.5.1 General .12
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ISO/PAS 24565:2022(E)
6.5.2 Impact test .12
6.5.3 Crushing strength test .12
6.5.4 Bonding strength test .12
6.5.5 Bending test .13
6.5.6 Thermal shock test . 14
6.6 CB ring test . 14
6.7 End cap test . 14
6.8 Inspection frequency and acceptance criteria . 14
6.8.1 Lot . 14
6.8.2 Inspection frequency . . 14
6.8.3 Acceptance criteria . 15
7 Documentation .15
7.1 Documents provided by the purchaser . 15
7.2 Documents provided by the manufacturer . 16
8 Marking, packaging, transportation, and storage.16
8.1 Marking . 16
8.2 Packaging . 17
8.3 Transportation . 17
8.4 Storage . 17
Annex A (informative) Testing method for surface quality of ceramic liner .18
Annex B (normative) List of CLT products .19
Annex C (informative) Testing method of ceramic liner thickness .23
Bibliography .25
iv
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---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/PAS 24565:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore
structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 5, Casing, tubing
and drill pipe.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
v
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/PAS 24565:2022(E)
Introduction
Users of this document should be aware that further or differing requirements can be needed for
individual applications. This document is not intended to inhibit a manufacturer from offering, or the
purchaser from accepting, alternative equipment or engineering solutions for the individual application.
This can be particularly applicable where there is innovative or developing technology. Where an
alternative is offered, it is the responsibility of the manufacturer to identify and provide details of any
variations from this document.
In this document, the following verbal forms are used:
— “shall” indicates a requirement;
— “should” indicates a recommendation;
— “can” indicates a possibility or a capability;
— “may” indicates a permission.
vi
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
PUBLICLY AVAILABLE SPECIFICATION ISO/PAS 24565:2022(E)
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Ceramic lined
tubing
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for ceramic lined tubing (CLT) used in the petroleum and natural
gas industries, including configuration and materials, manufacturing, inspection and testing, marking,
packaging, transportation, and storage.
This document is applicable to CLT manufactured by centrifugal self-propagating high-temperature
synthesis.
The applicable outside diameter of CLT ranges from 42,16 mm (1,66 inch) to 114,3 mm (4-1/2 inch). The
steel grades include H40, J55, and N80 type 1.
NOTE Applicability of this document to other sizes and higher steel grades can be by agreement between the
manufacturer and the purchaser.
CLT is suitable for extracting multiphase fluid, hydrocarbon gas, hydrocarbon liquid, and water under
corrosive, abrasive, wax deposition, scaling, and high temperature environments.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2819, Metallic coatings on metallic substrates — Electrodeposited and chemically deposited coatings
— Review of methods available for testing adhesion
ISO 2859-1, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by
acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
ISO 8501-1, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Visual
assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates
and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings
ISO 10405, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Care and use of casing and tubing
ISO 11960, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Steel pipes for use as casing or tubing for wells
ISO 14705, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Test method for hardness of
monolithic ceramics at room temperature
ISO 15156-2, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in
oil and gas production — Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons
ISO 21714, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Test method for determining
density of ceramic coatings
ISO 23936-1, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Non-metallic materials in contact
with media related to oil and gas production — Part 1: Thermoplastics
API Spec 5B, Specification for Threading, Gauging, and Thread Inspection of Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe
Threads
1
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/PAS 24565:2022(E)
ASTM A700, Standard Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment
ASTM D5420, Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Flat, Rigid Plastic Specimen by Means of a
Striker Impacted by a Falling Weight (Gardner Impact)
ASTM G31, Standard Guide for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Metals
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1.1
backing pipe
tubing before being lined with ceramic liner
3.1.2
bonding strength
shear strength required to shear the ceramic liner along the axial direction of the backing pipe
3.1.3
centrifugal self-propagating high-temperature synthesis
centrifugal SHS
self-propagating high-temperature synthesis under the centrifugal force generated by high-speed
rotation, which is helpful to promote reaction and phase separation of molten products
Note 1 to entry: The centrifugal self-propagating high-temperature synthesis technology comprises the following
steps. Fill Fe O (or Fe O ) powder and aluminium powder with a given proportion into a steel tubing. Fix the
2 3 3 4
tubing with the powder on a centrifuge and rotate it with a high speed. Then, start the reaction when the rotating
speed reaches a given value. The reaction can be maintained due to a large amount of reaction heat released by
the exothermic reaction. Under the action of centrifugal force, molten products are separated into layers from
each other due to the difference in their specific gravity, and after cooling, ceramic lined tubing is formed.
3.1.4
ceramic liner
ceramic layer formed on the inner wall of the backing pipe by centrifugal self-propagating high-
temperature synthesis method
Note 1 to entry: It is attached to the inner wall of the backing pipe and has the functions of corrosion prevention,
scale prevention, and wear resistance.
3.1.5
ceramic lined tubing
CLT
tubing with a ceramic liner stuck on to its inner wall made by centrifugal self-propagating high-
temperature synthesis
3.1.6
corrosion barrier ring
CB ring
polymeric ring inserted between adjacent lengths of liner in a tubing string to provide continuity of
corrosion protection
2
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ISO/PAS 24565:2022(E)
3.1.7
crushing strength
fracture strength of the ceramic liner when applying radial compression load on ceramic lined tubing
3.1.8
end cap
metal component used to seal the cut end of ceramic liner
3.1.9
flare of the end cap
edge formed by turning the outer edge of the end cap along the cross-section of the backing pipe
3.1.10
Label 1
dimensionless designation for the size or specified outside diameter that can be used when ordering
the pipe
Note 1 to entry: See Table B.1.
3.1.11
Label 2
dimensionless designation for the mass per unit length that can be used when ordering the pipe
Note 1 to entry: See Table B.1.
3.1.12
self-propagating high-temperature synthesis
SHS
technique for synthesizing materials by using the heat released by the exothermic reaction to make the
reaction proceed spontaneously
3.1.13
thermite
mixture of aluminium powder, metal oxides (such as Fe O or Fe O ) and related additives that generate
2 3 3 4
a large amount of heat when ignited
3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms
3.2.1 Symbols
d inside diameter of ceramic lined tubing
t wall thickness of backing pipe
3.2.2 Abbreviated terms
AQL acceptance quality limit
CAL connection assessment level
CB corrosion barrier
CLT ceramic lined tubing
EU API Spec 5B external upset tubing connection
HIC hydrogen induced cracking
NU API Spec 5B non-upset tubing connection
3
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ISO/PAS 24565:2022(E)
OD outside diameter of CLT
PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
SCC stress corrosion cracking
SSC sulfide stress cracking
4 CLT configuration and materials
4.1 Configuration
CLT consists of backing pipe and ceramic liner. The typical configuration of CLT is shown in Figure 1
and Figure 2.
Key
1 ceramic liner
2 backing pipe
Figure 1 — Configuration of CLT body
4
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ISO/PAS 24565:2022(E)
Key
1 ceramic liner
2 backing pipe
3 end cap
4 flare of the end cap
5 CB ring
6 coupling
7 threads
l end cap length
1
l CB ring length
2
Figure 2 — Example of configuration of CLT coupling based on API Spec 5B (round) thread
4.2 Pipe ends
Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, CLT shall be supplied with API Spec 5B threads at both
ends and with corresponding couplings. If agreed by the manufacturer and the purchaser, CLT may be
supplied without couplings, and/or with plain ends, and/or with connections specified by the purchaser.
4.3 Connection type
Lengths of CLT are connected with each other with coupling, as shown in Figure 2. In this example
involving the API 5B connections, the continuity between ceramic liners is ensured by using an end cap
or flare as well as a polymeric CB ring. This assembly aims at protecting the coupling or pin extremities
from any contact with the production fluid that could induce corrosion. Other forms of coupling
protection devices are acceptable. Polymeric CB rings are usually provided on the inner wall of coupling
to ensure the integrity of anti-corrosion between adjacent tubing lengths. The amount of compression
applied to the CB ring is controlled by the distance between the pin ends during make-up.
The pipe ends can be protected from corrosion by an end cap or flare, which will extend over the whole
pipe end (i.e. over the whole pipe wall thickness) so to allow matching the selected connection. The
flare of the end cap is tightly attached to the CB ring on the coupling, thus ensuring the integrity of the
whole connecting structure.
Other types of connection, such as premium connection, may also be used. In such a case, the coupling
protection shall be adjusted to the proprietary design.
5
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ISO/PAS 24565:2022(E)
4.4 Material requirements
4.4.1 Backing pipe
When using new tubing as the backing pipe, its dimensions and properties shall conform to the
requirements of ISO 11960. When used in a sour environment, the backing pipe shall conform to the
requirements of resistance to sulfide stress cracking as specified in ISO 15156-2.
Previously-used tubing may also be used as the backing pipe. Typical well or conditions where these
products can be used are general water injection, layered water injection and oil extraction. The
minimum wall thickness of the used tubing shall be greater than 2,8 mm, unless otherwise agreed. The
technical requirements for material, performance, and testing of the used tubing should be determined
based on experiences of the purchaser and manufacturer and the requirements of working conditions.
At least, mechanical properties during tension and impact and the hardness of the used tubing shall
conform to the requirements of ISO 11960. Tubing previously used in a sour environment is not
recommended for use as a backing pipe.
4.4.2 Thermite
Inert gas atomized aluminium powder with an active aluminium content of not less than 98 wt.%
should be used as the thermite. The particle size of aluminium powder should be not less than 200 mesh
(75 μm).
Industrial grade Fe O (or Fe O ) powder should be used with the particle size of not less than 200 mesh
2 3 3 4
(75 μm).
4.4.3 End cap and CB ring
The end cap shall be compatible with the fluid to be transported. It is usually made of stainless steel
and is bonded to the ceramic liner with a suitable a
...
PUBLICLY ISO/PAS
AVAILABLE 24565
SPECIFICATION
First edition
Petroleum and natural gas
industries — Ceramic lined tubing
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Tubes de production avec
revêtement céramique
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO/PAS 24565:2021(E)
© ISO 2021
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/PAS 24565:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/PAS 24565:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
3.1 Terms and definitions . 2
3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3
3.2.1 Symbols. 3
3.2.2 Abbreviated terms . 3
4 CLT configuration and materials .4
4.1 Configuration . 4
4.2 Pipe ends . 5
4.3 Connection type . 5
4.4 Material requirements. 6
4.4.1 Backing pipe . 6
4.4.2 Thermite . 6
4.4.3 End cap and CB ring . 6
5 Manufacturing . 6
5.1 Treatment of backing pipe . . 6
5.1.1 Distinguishing of the used tubing . 6
5.1.2 Blast-cleaning . 7
5.1.3 Straightening of the used tubing . 7
5.2 Manufacture of CLT . 7
5.2.1 Thermite mixing . 7
5.2.2 Filling . 7
5.2.3 Lining . 7
5.2.4 Heat treatment . 7
5.2.5 Installation of the end cap . 7
5.2.6 Threading . 7
5.3 Manufacture of CB Ring . 8
5.4 Installation of CB Rings . 8
5.5 Traceability . 8
5.6 Purchaser inspection . 8
6 Inspection and testing .8
6.1 General . 8
6.2 Inspection of backing pipe . 8
6.3 Inspection of ceramic liner . 9
6.3.1 Surface . 9
6.3.2 Thickness . 9
6.3.3 Hardness and density . 9
6.4 Inspection of CLT . 9
6.4.1 Dimensions test . 9
6.4.2 Length measurement . 9
6.4.3 Straightness evaluation. 10
6.4.4 Thread and end cap inspection . 10
6.4.5 Drift test . 11
6.4.6 Hydrostatic test . 11
6.4.7 Corrosion test . 11
6.4.8 Tensile and impact test .12
6.4.9 Connection test . 12
6.5 Additional tests .12
6.5.1 General .12
iii
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ISO/PAS 24565:2021(E)
6.5.2 Impact test .12
6.5.3 Crushing strength test .12
6.5.4 Bonding strength test .12
6.5.5 Bending test .13
6.5.6 Thermal shock test . 14
6.6 CB ring test . 14
6.7 End cap test . 14
6.8 Inspection frequency and acceptance criteria . 14
6.8.1 Lot . 14
6.8.2 Inspection frequency . . 14
6.8.3 Acceptance criteria . 15
7 Documentation .15
7.1 Documents provided by the purchaser . 15
7.2 Documents provided by the manufacturer . 16
8 Marking, packaging, transportation, and storage.16
8.1 Marking . 16
8.2 Packaging . 17
8.3 Transportation . 17
8.4 Storage . 17
Annex A (informative) Testing method for surface quality of ceramic liner .18
Annex B (normative) List of CLT products .19
Annex C (informative) Testing method of ceramic liner thickness .23
Bibliography .25
iv
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---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/PAS 24565:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore
structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 5, Casing, tubing
and drill pipe.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
v
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/PAS 24565:2021(E)
Introduction
Users of this document should be aware that further or differing requirements can be needed for
individual applications. This document is not intended to inhibit a manufacturer from offering, or the
purchaser from accepting, alternative equipment or engineering solutions for the individual application.
This can be particularly applicable where there is innovative or developing technology. Where an
alternative is offered, it is the responsibility of the manufacturer to identify and provide details of any
variations from this document.
In this document, the following verbal forms are used:
— “shall” indicates a requirement;
— “should” indicates a recommendation;
— “can” indicates a possibility or a capability;
— “may” indicates a permission.
vi
PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
PUBLICLY AVAILABLE SPECIFICATION ISO/PAS 24565:2021(E)
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Ceramic lined
tubing
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for ceramic lined tubing (CLT) used in the petroleum and natural
gas industries, including configuration and materials, manufacturing, inspection and testing, marking,
packaging, transportation, and storage.
This document is applicable to CLT manufactured by centrifugal self-propagating high-temperature
synthesis.
The applicable pipe outside diameter of CLT ranges from 42,16 mm (1,66 inch) to 114,3 mm (4-1/2 inch).
The steel grades include H40, J55, and N80 type 1.
NOTE Applicability of this document to other sizes and higher steel grades can be by agreement between the
manufacturer and the purchaser.
CLT is suitable for extracting multiphase fluid, hydrocarbon gas, hydrocarbon liquid, and water under
corrosive, abrasive, wax deposition, scaling, and high temperature environments.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2819, Metallic coatings on metallic substrates — Electrodeposited and chemically deposited coatings
— Review of methods available for testing adhesion
ISO 2859-1, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by
acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
ISO 8501-1, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Visual
assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates
and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings
ISO 10405, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Care and use of casing and tubing
ISO 11960, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Steel pipes for use as casing or tubing for wells
ISO 14705, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Test method for hardness of
monolithic ceramics at room temperature
ISO 15156-2, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H S-containing environments in
2
oil and gas production — Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons
ISO 21714, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Test method for determining
density of ceramic coatings
ISO 23936-1, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries – Non-metallic materials in contact with
media related to oil and gas production –Part 1: Thermoplastics
API Spec 5B, Specification for Threading, Gauging, and Thread Inspection of Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe
Threads
1
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/PAS 24565:2021(E)
ASTM A700, Standard Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment
ASTM D5420, Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Flat, Rigid Plastic Specimen by Means of a
Striker Impacted by a Falling Weight (Gardner Impact)
ASTM G31, Standard Guide for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Metals
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1.1
backing pipe
tubing before being lined with ceramic liner
3.1.2
bonding strength
shear strength required to shear the ceramic liner along the axial direction of the backing pipe
3.1.3
centrifugal self-propagating high-temperature synthesis
centrifugal SHS
self-propagating high-temperature synthesis under the centrifugal force generated by high-speed
rotation, which is helpful to promote reaction and phase separation of molten products
Note 1 to entry: The centrifugal self-propagating high-temperature synthesis technology comprises the following
steps. Fill Fe O (or Fe O ) powder and aluminium powder with a given proportion into a steel tubing. Fix the
2 3 3 4
tubing with the powder on a centrifuge and rotate it at a high speed. Then, start the reaction when the rotating
speed reaches a given value. The reaction can be maintained due to a large amount of reaction heat released by
the exothermic reaction. Under the action of centrifugal force, molten products are separated into layers from
each other due to the difference in their specific gravity, and after cooling, ceramic lined tubing is formed.
3.1.4
ceramic liner
ceramic layer formed on the inner wall of the backing pipe by centrifugal self-propagating high-
temperature synthesis method
Note 1 to entry: It is attached to the inner wall of the backing pipe and has the functions of corrosion prevention,
scale prevention, and wear resistance.
3.1.5
ceramic lined tubing
CLT
tubing with a ceramic liner stuck on to its inner wall made by centrifugal self-propagating high-
temperature synthesis
3.1.6
corrosion barrier ring
CB ring
polymeric ring inserted between adjacent lengths of liner in a tubing string to provide continuity of
corrosion protection
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3.1.7
crushing strength
fracture strength of the ceramic liner when applying radial compression load on ceramic lined tubing
3.1.8
end cap
metal component used to seal the cut end of ceramic liner
3.1.9
flare of the end cap
edge formed by turning the outer edge of the end cap along the cross-section of the backing pipe
3.1.10
Label 1
dimensionless designation for the size or specified outside diameter that can be used when ordering
the pipe
Note 1 to entry: See Table B.1.
3.1.11
Label 2
dimensionless designation for the mass per unit length that can be used when ordering the pipe
Note 1 to entry: See Table B.1.
3.1.12
self-propagating high-temperature synthesis
SHS
technique for synthesizing materials by using the heat released by the exothermic reaction to make the
reaction proceed spontaneously
3.1.13
thermite
mixture of aluminium powder, metal oxides (such as Fe O or Fe O ) and related additives that generate
2 3 3 4
a large amount of heat when ignited
3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms
3.2.1 Symbols
d inside diameter of ceramic lined tubing
t wall thickness of backing pipe
3.2.2 Abbreviated terms
AQL acceptance quality limit
CAL connection assessment level
CB corrosion barrier
CLT ceramic lined tubing
EU API Spec 5B external upset tubing connection
HIC hydrogen induced cracking
NU API Spec 5B non-upset tubing connection
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ISO/PAS 24565:2021(E)
OD outside diameter of CLT
PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
SCC stress corrosion cracking
SSC sulfide stress cracking
4 CLT configuration and materials
4.1 Configuration
CLT consists of backing pipe and ceramic liner. The typical configuration of CLT is shown in Figure 1
and Figure 2.
Key
1 ceramic liner
2 backing pipe
Figure 1 — Configuration of CLT body
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ISO/PAS 24565:2021(E)
Key
1 ceramic liner
2 backing pipe
3 end cap
4 flare of the end cap
5 CB ring
6 coupling
7 threads
l end cap length
1
l CB ring length
2
Figure 2 — Example of configuration of CLT coupling based on API Spec 5B (round) thread
4.2 Pipe ends
Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, CLT shall be supplied with API Spec 5B threads at both
ends and with corresponding couplings. If agreed by the manufacturer and the purchaser, CLT may be
supplied without couplings, and/or with plain ends, and/or with connections specified by the purchaser.
4.3 Connection type
Lengths of CLT are connected with each other with coupling, as shown in Figure 2. In this example
involving the API 5B connections, the continuity between ceramic liners is ensured by using an end
cap or flare as well as a polymeric CB rings. This assembly aims at protecting the coupling or pin
extremities from any contact with the production fluid that could induce corrosion. Other forms of
coupling protection devices are acceptable. Polymeric CB rings are usually provided on the inner wall
of coupling to ensure the integrity of anti-corrosion between adjacent tubing lengths. The amount of
compression applied to the CB ring is controlled by the distance between the pin ends during make-up.
The pipe ends can be protected from corrosion by an end cap or flare, which will extend over the whole
pipe end (i.e. over the whole pipe wall thickness) so to allow matching the selected connection. The
flare of the end cap is tightly attached to the CB ring on the coupling, thus ensuring the integrity of the
whole connecting structure.
Other types of connection, such as premium connection, may also be used. In such a case, the coupling
protection shall be adjusted to the proprietary design.
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ISO/PAS 24565:2021(E)
4.4 Material requirements
4.4.1 Backing pipe
When using new tubing as the backing pipe, its dimensions and properties shall conform to the
requirements of ISO 11960. When used in a sour environment, the backing pipe shall conform to the
requirements of resistance to sulfide stress cracking as specified in ISO 15156-2.
Previously-used tubing may also be used as the backing pipe. Typical well or conditions where these
products can be used are general water injection, layered water injection and oil extraction. The
minimum wall thickness of the used tubing shall be greater than 2,8 mm, unless otherwise agreed. The
technical requirements for material, performance, and testing of the used tubing should be determined
based on experiences of the purchaser and manufacturer and the requirements of working conditions.
At least, mechanical properties during tension and impact and the hardness of the used tubing shall
conform to the requirements of ISO 11960. Tubing previously used in a sour environment is not
recommended for use as a backing pipe.
4.4.2 Thermite
Inert gas atomized aluminium powder with an active aluminium content of not less than 98 wt.%
should be used as the thermite. The particle size of aluminium powder should be not less than 200 mesh
(75 μm).
Industrial grade Fe O (or Fe O ) powder should be used with the particle size of not less than 200 mesh
2 3 3 4
(75 μm).
4.4.3 End cap and CB ring
The end cap sha
...
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