ISO 10329:2017
(Main)Coal — Determination of plastic properties — Constant-torque Gieseler plastometer method
Coal — Determination of plastic properties — Constant-torque Gieseler plastometer method
ISO 10329:2017 specifies a method for obtaining a relative measure of the plastic behaviour of coal when heated under prescribed conditions. The method is used to obtain values of the plastic properties of coals and blends used in carbonization and in other situations where determination of plastic behaviour of coals is of practical importance. NOTE The empirical nature of this test requires proper equipment calibration to produce fluidity readings which are a true indication of the relative plastic behaviour of the coal.
Charbon — Détermination des propriétés plastiques — Méthode du plastomètre Gieseler à couple constant
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10329
Second edition
2017-07
Coal — Determination of plastic
properties — Constant-torque
Gieseler plastometer method
Charbon — Détermination des propriétés plastiques — Méthode du
plastomètre Gieseler à couple constant
Reference number
ISO 10329:2017(E)
©
ISO 2017
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ISO 10329:2017(E)
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ISO 10329:2017(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 2
6 Calibration . 4
7 Sample . 4
8 Procedure. 4
9 Cleaning of the apparatus .10
10 Calculation and expression of results .11
11 Precision of the method .11
11.1 Repeatability .12
11.2 Reproducibility .12
Bibliography .13
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ISO 10329:2017(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
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described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 27, Solid mineral fuels, Subcommittee
SC 5, Methods of analysis.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 10329:2009), which has been technically
revised.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10329:2017(E)
Coal — Determination of plastic properties — Constant-
torque Gieseler plastometer method
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for obtaining a relative measure of the plastic behaviour of coal when
heated under prescribed conditions. The method is used to obtain values of the plastic properties of
coals and blends used in carbonization and in other situations where determination of plastic behaviour
of coals is of practical importance.
NOTE The empirical nature of this test requires proper equipment calibration to produce fluidity readings
which are a true indication of the relative plastic behaviour of the coal.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 18283, Hard coal and coke — Manual sampling
ISO 13909-1, Hard coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — Part 1: General introduction
ISO 13909-2, Hard coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — Part 2: Coal — Sampling from moving streams
ISO 13909-3, Hard coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — Part 3: Coal — Sampling from stationary lots
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
3.1
dial division per minute
measure of stirrer rotation rate, as used in the constant-torque Gieseler plastometer method
Note 1 to entry: There are 100 dial divisions for each full 360° rotation of the stirrer. The fluidity result is
expressed as total dial divisions turned by the stirrer in a 1 min time period, i.e. dd/min.
3.2
initial softening temperature
temperature at which dial movement or electronic readout indicates a stirring shaft movement of
one dial division per minute (3.1), with continued indication of movement of at least 1 dd/min thereafter
3.3
maximum fluidity temperature
temperature at which stirring shaft rotation reaches the maximum rate
3.4
plastic range
difference between the initial softening temperature and the solidification temperature
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ISO 10329:2017(E)
3.5
final fluidity temperature
temperature at which the last 1 dd/min stirrer rotation rate is reached
3.6
solidification temperature
temperature at which the stirring shaft stops
3.7
maximum fluidity
maximum rate of rotation for the stirring shaft in dial divisions per minute (3.1)
3.8
jamming
swelling up of coal into the retort tube during the test, which may produce a lower fluidity result than
expected and can only be noted after visual inspection of the disassembled crucible and retort at the
conclusion of the test
3.9
breaking
free spinning behaviour of coal, either by rotating at maximum motor speed or by abrupt changes in
rotation, which occurs as a result of a molten ball of coal forming around the base of the stirrer, and
which makes reporting of the true maximum fluidity (3.7) of the coal difficult
4 Principle
Measurements of the plastic properties of coals are made by applying a constant torque to a stirrer
placed in a crucible into which the coal is charged. The crucible is immersed in a bath and the
temperature increased uniformly. The rotation of the stirrer is recorded in relation to increase in
temperature.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Gieseler plastometer retort, composed of the following component parts (see Figure 1).
5.1.1 Retort crucible, cylindrical, with (21,4 ± 0,1) mm inside diameter, and (35,0 ± 0,3) mm in depth
with exterior threads for joining the crucible to the barrel.
The crucible shall have a (2,38 ± 0,02) mm diameter notch with an included angle of 70° in the centre of
its inside base to serve as a seat for the stirrer.
5.1.2 Retort crucible cover, with interior threads for joining the crucible cover to the crucible and
exterior threads for joining the crucible cover to the barrel.
The inside diameter of the hole which accommodates the stirrer shall be (9,5 ± 0,1) mm.
5.1.3 Guide sleeve, provided near the upper end of the stirrer to guide the latter within the barrel
with a clearance of between 0,05 mm and 0,10 mm.
5.1.4 Gas exit hole, provided on the barrel to afford an exit for the volatile products during a test,
placed, for example, at the midpoint of the barrel; as an option, a tube may be fitted if desired.
5.1.5 Barrel, (121,0 ± 2,5) mm long, having an inside diameter of (9,5 ± 0,1) mm.
The top end of the barrel shall be 12,7 mm in inside diameter to a depth sufficient to allow the fitting of
a guide sleeve through which the axle of the stirrer passes when the apparatus is assembled.
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ISO 10329:2017(E)
5.1.6 Steel stirrer, provided with a straight shaft (3,95 ± 0,05) mm in diameter and equipped with
four rabble arms.
The lower end of the stirrer shall be tapered to a point having an included angle of 60°. The rabble arms
on the stirrer shall be (1,6 ± 0,05) mm in diameter, (6,4 ± 0,05) mm in length, and shall be placed so as
to be perpendicular to the shaft at 90° intervals around the shaft and (3,2 ± 0,05) mm apart centre to
centre along the shaft. The middle two rabble arms shall be set at 180° to each other, and likewise, the
remaining two arms at 180° to each other. The lowest rabble arm shall be set to give (1,6 ± 0,05) mm
clearance between it and the bottom of the crucible when the stirrer is in place. The upper end of the
stirrer shall be cut to fit into a slot on the lower end of the axle in the plastometer head.
The rabble arms should be checked before each test to ensure that they are clean and free from distortion
or other visual damage. It is essential that the dimensions of the rabble arms on the stirrer meet the
requirements in this clause and in Figure 2 and it is important that these dimensions are checked on
a regular basis, e.g. every 50 determinations. If after use it is found by accurate measurement that any
of the dimensions are outside the specified limits, the rabble arms should be replaced or the stirrer
discarded.
5.2 Plastometer head
The plastometer head, shown schematically in Figure 3, shall consist of a fixed-speed motor
(approximately 300 r/min) connected directly to a magnetic clutch or hysteresis brake capable of
adjustment over a reasonable range on either side of a torque value of 101,6 g⋅cm (9,66 Nm). A di
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