ISO 11949:2016
(Main)Cold-reduced tinmill products — Electrolytic tinplate
Cold-reduced tinmill products — Electrolytic tinplate
ISO 11949:2016 specifies requirements for single and double cold-reduced low-carbon mild steel electrolytic tinplate in the form of sheets or coils. Single cold-reduced tinplate is generally specified in nominal thicknesses that are multiples of 0,005 mm, from 0,150 mm up to and including 0,600 mm. Double cold-reduced tinplate is generally specified in nominal thicknesses that are multiples of 0,005 mm, from 0,100 mm up to and including 0,360 mm. ISO 11949:2016 applies to coils and sheets cut from coils in nominal minimum rolling widths of 600 mm.[1] [1] Nominal minimum rolling widths of 500 mm may be applied by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
Aciers pour emballage laminés à froid — Fer blanc électrolytique
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 11949
ISO/TC 17/SC 9 Secretariat: JISC
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2014-01-09 2014-04-09
Cold-reduced electrolytic tinplate
Fer-blanc électrolytique laminé à froid
[Revision of first edition (ISO 11949:1995)]
ICS: 77.140.50
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 11949:2013(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2013
ISO/DIS 11949:2013(E)
Copyright notice
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ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
Contents Page
Foreword . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Definitions . 1
4 Classification . 4
5 Information to be supplied by the purchaser . 4
5.1 Designation . 4
5.2 Mandatory information. 5
5.3 Options . 5
6 Manufacturing features . 6
6.1 Manufacture . 6
6.2 Annealing . 6
6.3 Finish . 6
6.4 Passivation and oiling. 7
6.5 Imperfections . 7
7 Tin coating mass . 7
8 Mechanical properties. 8
8.1 General . 8
8.2 Hardness requirement . 8
8.3 Tensile property requirement . 8
9 Tolerances on dimensions and shape . 8
9.1 General . 8
9.2 Thickness and feather edge . 9
9.3 Width . 9
9.4 Length . 9
9.5 Edge camber . 9
9.6 Out-of-squareness of sheets . 10
9.7 Flatness . 11
10 Joints within a coil . 12
10.1 General . 12
10.2 Number of joints . 12
10.3 Location of joints . 12
10.4 Dimensions of joints . 12
11 Marking of differentially coated cold-reduced tinplate . 13
11.1 General . 13
11.2 Marking on heavily coated surface . 13
11.3 Marking on lightly coated surface . 13
11.4 Marking designation . 13
12 Sampling . 14
13 Test methods . 14
13.1 Tin coating masses . 14
13.2 Hardness tests . 15
13.3 Tensile tests . 15
13.4 Flatness tests . 16
14 Retests . 18
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
15 Inspection document . 18
16 Dispatch and packaging . 18
Annex A (normative) Hardness requirements for tinplate . 20
Annex B (normative) Tensile property requirements for tinplate . 21
Annex C (Informative) Steel types . 22
Annex D (normative) Springback test for routine determination of proof strength for tinplate . 23
Annex E (informative) Alternative marking system for differentially coated tinplate . 24
Annex F (normative) Referee method for determining tin coating mass . 26
Annex G (normative) Rockwell HR15Tm values and their HR30Tm equivalents . 34
iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/DIS 11949:2013 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 17, Steel, Subcommittee SC 9, Tinplate
and blackplate.
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
vi © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STADARD ISO/DIS 11949:2013
Cold-reduced electrolytic tinplate
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies requirements for single and double cold-reduced low-carbon mild steel
electrolytic tinplate in the form of sheets or coils.
In general, single cold-reduced tinplate is specified in nominal thicknesses that are multiples of 0,005 mm,
from 0,15 mm up to and including 0,60mm. Double cold-reduced tinplate is specified in nominal thicknesses
that are multiples of 0,005 mm, from 0,10 mm up to and including 0,36mm.
This International Standard applies to coils and sheets cut from coils in nominal minimum rolling widths of 600
1)
mm .
In addition, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this International Standard. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 404, Steel and steel products – General technical delivery condition
ISO 4288, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) – Surface texture : Profile method – Rule and
procedures for the assessment of surface texture
ISO 6508-1:2005, Metallic materials – Rockwell hardness test – Part 1:Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F,
G, H, K, N, T).
ISO 6892-1:2009, Metallic materials – Tensile testing – Part 1:Method of test at room temperature.
ISO/TR 9769, Steel and iron – Review of available methods of analysis
ISO 10474, Steel and steel products – Inspection documents
ISO 11951, Cold-reduced blackplate in coil form for the production of electrolytic tinplate or electrolytic
chromium / chromium oxide-coated steel
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply:
1) Nominal minimum rolling widths of 500 mm may be applied by agreement between the purchaser and the
manufacturer.
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
3.1
blackplate
cold-reduced low-carbon mild steel, applied for manufacturing electrolytic tinplate (refer to ISO 11951)
3.2
electrolytic tinplate
cold-reduced low-carbon steel sheet or coil coated on both surfaces with tin that is applied in continuous
electrolytic operation.
3.3
differentially coated electrolytic tinplate
cold-reduced electrolytic tinplate, one surface of which carries a heavier tin coating than the other.
3.4
single cold-reduced
term used to describe those products in which the blackplate has been reduced to the desired thickness in a
cold-reduction mill and subsequently annealed and temper rolled.
3.5
double cold-reduced
term used to describe those products in which the blackplate has had a second major reduction after
annealing.
3.6
standard grade tinplate sheet
material in sheet form which is the product of line inspection. It is suitable, under normal conditions of storage,
for established lacquering and printing over the entire sheet and is:
a) free from surface imperfections which render the material unsuitable for the intended use;
b) free from damage which render the material unsuitable for the intended use;
c) compliant to the requirements as specified in this International Standard.
3.7
batch annealed; box annealed (BA)
annealed by the process in which the cold-reduced strip is annealed in coil form, within a protective
atmosphere, for a predetermined time-temperature cycle.
3.8
continuously annealed (CA)
annealed by the process in which cold-reduced coils are unwound and annealed in strip form within a
protective atmosphere.
3.9
finish
surface appearance of tinplate, determined by the surface roughness (Ra) of the steel base together with the
conditioning of the tin coating which can be either flow-melted or unflow-melted.
3.9.1
bright finish
finish resulting from the use of temper-mill work rolls that have been ground to a low roughness together with
a flow-melted tin coating.
3.9.2
stone finish
finish on flow-melted tinplate characterized by a directional pattern, resulting from the use of final-mill work
rolls that have been ground to a higher level of roughness than those used for the smooth finish, together with
a flow-melted tin coating.
2 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
3.9.3
silver finish
finish resulting from the use of temper-mill work rolls with dull surface textured by Shot Blast, EDT(Electro
Discharge Texturing), EBT (Electron Beam Texturing) and so on, together with a flow-melted tin coating.
3.9.4
matt finish
finish resulting from the use of temper-mill work rolls with dull surface textured by Shot Blast, EDT(Electro
Discharge Texturing), EBT (Electron Beam Texturing) and so on, together with an unflow-melted tin coating.
3.10
coil
rolled flat strip product which is wound into regularly superimposed laps so as to form a coil with almost flat
sides.
3.11
longitudinal bow; line bow
residual curvature in the strip remaining along the direction of rolling.
3.12
transverse bow; cross bow
mode of curvature in the sheet such that the distance between its edges parallel to the direction of rolling is
less than the sheet width.
3.13
centre fullness; centre buckle, full centre
intermittent vertical displacement or wave in the strip occurring other than at the edges (see Figure 8).
3.14
edge wave
intermittent vertical displacement occurring at the strip edge when the strip is laid on a flat surface.
3.15
feather edge; transverse thickness profile
variation in thickness, characterized by a reduction in thickness close to the edges, at right angles to the
direction of rolling.
3.16
Edge camber
deviation of edge of coil from a straight line forming its chord.
3.17
burr
metal displaced beyond the plane of the surface of the strip by shearing action.
3.18
rolling width
width of the rolled strip perpendicular to the direction of rolling.
3.19
pallet
base platform on which a coil is placed to facilitate ready transportation.
3.20
stillage platform
base platform on which sheets are stacked to facilitate packing and ready transportation.
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
3.21
consignment
quantity of material of the same specification made available for dispatch at the same time.
3.22
bulk package; bulk
packaging unit comprising a stillage platform, the sheets and packaging material.
3.23
line inspection
final inspection of the finished product performed by instruments and/or visual examination at normal
production-line speeds.
3.24
anvil effect
effect which a hard anvil can produce on the numerical hardness value obtained when a hardness test is
performed on very thin sheet supported on such an anvil.
4 Classification
Steel grades for this International Standard are generally classified as non-alloy quality steels.
5 Information to be supplied by the purchaser
5.1 Designation
For the purposes of this International Standard, tinplate is designated in terms of a steel grade classification
based either on the Rockwell HR30Tm hardness values or on the tensile properties. For the hardness
requirement, the steel grade designations are given in Table A.1 for single cold-reduced tinplate and in Table
A.2 for double cold-reduced tinplate. For the tensile properties requirement, the steel grade designations are
given in Table B.1.
Tinplate covered by this International Standard shall be designated by the following characteristics in the
given sequence:
a) the number of this International Standard;
b) the steel grade designation in accordance with Table A.1, Table A.2 or Table B.1;
c) the type of annealing used by the manufacturer (see 6.2);
d) the type of finish (see 6.3);
e) the coating masses and their combinations, D or S(for differentially coated), together with numbers
representing the nominal coating mass on each surface (see clause 11);
f) the dimensions, in millimetres:
-for coils, thickness x width;
-for sheets, thickness x width x length.
NOTE 1 By agreement, the symbol “ x C” after width may be designated for coils.
NOTE 2 By agreement, the symbol “w” may be designated after number of width to show the rolling width.
4 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
EXAMPLE
Single cold-reduced tinplate sheet, in accordance with this International Standard, steel grade T61, continuously annealed
, with a thickness of 0,22 mm, a width of 800 mm and a
(CA), stone finish, equally coated with a coating mass of 2,8 g/m
length of 900 mm shall be designated:
ISO 11949 – T61 - CA - stone - 2,8/2,8 - 0,22 x 800 x 900
Double cold-reduced tinplate coil, in accordance with this International Standard, steel grade T75, continuously annealed
2 2 2
(CA), stone finish, differentially coated with coating masses of 8,4 g/m and 5,6 g/m , with marking on 5.6 g/m side, with a
thickness of 0,18 mm and a width of 750 mm shall be designated:
ISO 11949 – T75 - CA - stone - 8,4/D5,6 - 0,18 x 750
Tinplate coil, in accordance with this International Standard, steel grade TH415, continuously annealed (CA), stone finish
2 2 2
(ST), differentially coated with a coating mass of 2,8 g/m and 5,6 g/m , with marking on 5.6 g/m side, with a thickness of
0,20 mm, a width of 750 mm shall be designated:
ISO 11949 - TH415 - CA - ST - 2,8/D5,6 - 0,20 x 750 x C
Tinplate sheet, in accordance with this International Standard, steel grade TS520, batch annealed (BA), differentially
2 2 2
coated with coating masses of 5,6 g/m and 8,4 g/m , with single line marked on 5.6 g/m side, with a thickness of 0,14
mm, a rolling width of 844 mm and a length of 755 mm shall be designated:
ISO11949 – TS520 - BA - stone - S5,6/8,4 – 0,14 x 844w x 755
5.2 Mandatory information
The following information shall be given in the enquiry and order to assist the manufacturer in supplying the
correct material:
a) the designation as given in 5.1;
b) the quantity, expressed on an area or mass basis;
c) marking requirements for differentially coated tinplate (see clause 11);
d) end use;
e) any further special requirements.
NOTE Appropriate classifications are suitable for shaping operations such as stamping, drawing, folding, beading
and bending, and assembly work such as joint forming, soldering and welding. The end use should be borne in mind when
the steel grade is selected.
5.3 Options
In addition to the information in 5.2, the purchaser may wish to provide further information to the manufacturer
to ensure that the order requirements are consistent with the end use of the product.
The purchaser shall inform the manufacturer of any modifications to his fabrication operations that will
significantly affect the way in which the tinplate is used.
NOTE When ordering double cold-reduced tinplate, the purpose of manufacture for which the material is intended
should be stated. It should be noted that double cold-reduced tinplate is relatively less ductile than single cold-reduced
tinplate and has very distinct directional properties, so for some uses, for example for built-up can bodies, the direction of
rolling should be stated. When double cold-reduced tinplate is used for built-up can bodies, the direction of rolling should
be around the circumference of the can so as to minimize the hazard of flange cracking.
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
6 Manufacturing features
6.1 Manufacture
Continuously cast, fully-killed steel is applied except when otherwise specified. The examples of the steel
types of tinplate are shown in Annex C.
The steel type of tinplate shall be designed to secure food safety if tinplate is used for food application. The
purchasers should be aware of existing national regulations which may impose limitations on some elements.
The purity of tin used to produce the coating shall be not less than 99,85 %(mass fraction).
The methods of manufacture of tinplate are the province of the manufacturer and are not specified in this
International Standard.
6.2 Annealing
Annealing of tinplate shall be either batch annealing (BA) or continuous annealing(CA), and shall be specified
by the purchaser at the time of enquiry and order.
6.3 Finish
Tinplate is usually available in the finishes as indicated in Table 1.
Table 1 — Typical finishes for tinplate
a)
Tinplate finish Code Blackplate Flow-
melted
b)
Surface roughness
finish
Ra
µm
Bright BT Smooth ≤0,35 Yes
Fine stone FS Fine stone 0,25 – 0,45 Yes
Stone ST Stone 0,35 – 0,60 Yes
Silver AM Matt Yes
≥ 0,90
Matt MM Matt No
a)
By agreement between the purchaser and the manufacture, another code system may be
applied.
b)
Values of surface roughness in this table are not normative. The values are reference to
classify the finishes.
NOTE 1 The appearance is governed by
a) the surface characteristics of the blackplate principally result from controlled preparation of the work rolls used during
the final stages of temper rolling;
b) the mass of the coating applied;
c) whether the tin layer is flow-melted or unflow-melted.
NOTE 2 Double cold-reduced tinplate is usually supplied with a stone finish and a flow-melted tin coating.
NOTE 3 For guidance on the measurement of surface roughness, refer to ISO 4288.
6 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
6.4 Passivation and oiling
The surface of electrolytic tinplate is normally subjected to a passivation treatment and to oiling. Passivation,
produced either by a chemical or an electrochemical treatment, gives a surface with an improved resistance to
oxidation and improved suitability for lacquering and printing. Unless otherwise agreed at the time of ordering,
the usual passivation procedure is a cathodic treatment in an acidic chromate solution.
Under normal conditions of transport and storage, electrolytic tinplate shall be suitable for surface treatments
such as established lacquering and printing operations.
Tinplate coils and sheets are supplied with an oil coating. The oil shall be one that is recognized (i.e. by the
relevant national or international authority) as being suitable for food packaging. Unless otherwise agreed at
the time of ordering, the kind of oil is at discretion of the manufacturer.
NOTE 1 For the oil, DOS (dioctyl sebacate) is usually used.
NOTE 2 For measuring chromium of passivation film, the diphenylcarbazide method or the X-ray flourescence
spectrometric method is usually applied. When the X-ray method is applied, the influence of chromium in base metal
should be considered.
6.5 Imperfections
6.5.1 Coils
The manufacturer is expected to employ his normal quality control and line inspection procedures to ensure
that the tinplate manufactured is in accordance with the requirements of this International Standard.
However, the production of tinplate coils in continuous-strip mill operations does not afford the opportunity for
removal of all tinplate that does not comply with the requirements of this International Standard.
At the time of shearing, sheets not conforming to the standard grade shall be set aside by the purchaser or his
agent.
The quantity of sheets complying with this International Standard shall be at least 90 % of any one coil.
NOTE Items a) and b) in 3.6 cannot be verified by specific tests and should be the subject of a special agreement
between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
If, when processing tinplate coil, the purchaser (or his agent) encounters recurring imperfections which in his
opinion seem excessive, it is essential, where practicable, that he stops processing the coil and advises the
manufacturer.
The purchaser is expected to have adequate handling, roller levelling and shearing equipment and inspection
facilities to segregate the sheets not conforming to the standard grade, and to take reasonable care during
these operations.
6.5.2 Sheets
Sheets shall not contain any imperfections as defined in 3.6.
7 Tin coating mass
The nominal coating mass, on each surface, shall be expressed in grams per square metre. The lowest value
specified in this International Standard shall be 1,0 g/m on each surface, and no upper limit is specified.
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Values of preferred coating masses are 1,0 g/m , 1,5 g/m , 2,0 g/m , 2,8 g/m , 4,0 g/m , 5,0 g/m , 5,6 g/m ,
2 2
8,4 g/m and 11,2 g/m .
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
Whatever the coating mass used, the coating mass for sample average and for individual sample shall not be
less than the minimum coating mass indicated in Table 2. The coating mass for sample average is the
average of three measurements on each sheet selected. The mass per unit area for equally and differentially
coated tinplate is determined on test pieces taken from samples selected in accordance with clause 12 and
tested in accordance with 13.1.
Table 2 – Minimum tin coating masses
Range of nominal coating Minimum coating mass Minimum coating mass
mass (m) on each surface for sample average for individual sample
2 2 2
g/m g/m g/m
1,0 ≤ m < 2,8 0,80 x m 0,64 x m
2,8 ≤ m < 5,6 0,87 x m 0,70 x m
5,6 ≤ m 0,90 x m 0,72 x m
The minimum coating mass for sample average and for individual sample shall be rounded
to the unit of 0,1g/m .
8 Mechanical properties
8.1 General
For the purposes of this International Standard, tinplates are classified into steel grades based on either
Rockwell HR30Tm hardness values or tensile properties. The purchaser shall indicate the specification either
by hardness requirement or by tensile properties requirement, but not for both, when ordering the material.
Other mechanical properties may significantly influence the performance of tinplate in processing, and the
subsequent intended end use may vary depending on the steel type and the method of casting, annealing and
temper rolling employed.
At the time of enquiry and order it shall be agreed that properties of steel grade are to be verified either by the
hardness test or by the tensile test.
8.2 Hardness requirement
The hardness values for tinplate shall be as given in Table A.1 and Table A.2, when tested as described in
13.2.
8.3 Tensile property requirement
The proof strength (R ) for tinplate shall be as given in Table B.1 , when tested as described in 13.3.
p0,2
For routine testing, the proof strength may be determined using the springback test as described in Annex D.
However, in cases of dispute, the method described in 13.3 shall be used.
9 Tolerances on dimensions and shape
9.1 General
Tolerances on dimensions (i.e. thickness, width and length) and shape (i.e. edge camber, out-of-squareness
and flatness) are specified in 9.2 to 9.7, together with appropriate methods of measurement.
8 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
9.2 Thickness and feather edge
9.2.1 Thickness
Nominal thickness shall be a multiple of 0,005 mm. Nominal thickness other than multiple of 0,005 mm may
be specified by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. Thickness out of the nominal
thickness range may be specified by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
The thickness of tinplate shall not deviate from the ordered nominal thickness by more than +5,-8 % at any
point except within 10 mm from the edge.
The thickness shall be measured using a hand-operated, spring-loaded micrometer to an accuracy of 0,001
mm.
NOTE It is recommended that the micrometer should have a ball-ended shank and a curved-surface base anvil.
9.2.2 Feather edge
For both sheet and coil, the thickness when measured at a distance of 10 mm from the mill trimmed edge
shall not deviate from the actual centre thickness by more than -6 %
9.3 Width
The width of tinplate shall be measured to the nearest 0,5 mm at right angles to the direction of rolling.
For trimmed-edge product, the measured width shall not deviate from the ordered width by more than +3, -0
mm.
9.4 Length
9.4.1 Length of coils
The difference between the actual length and the manufacturer’s indicated length, measured on any single
coil, shall not exceed by more than ± 3 %.
9.4.2 Length of sheets
The length of sheet shall be measured to the nearest 0,5 mm. The measured length shall not deviate by more
than +3, -0 mm from the ordered length.
9.5 Edge camber
Edge camber is the maximum deviation (in the plane of the sheet) of an edge from a straight line forming a
chord to its extremities (see Figure 1 and Figure 2).
The edge camber, E, expressed as a percentage of the chord length, is calculated using the following
formula:
D
E = x 100
L
where
D is the deviation from a straight line, in millimetres
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
L is the length of chord, in millimetres
For coils, the edge camber, measured over a distance (chord length) of 1 m, shall not exceed 0,1 % (i.e. 1
mm).
1m
Key
W rolling width
D deviation from a straight line
Figure 1 – Edge camber of coils
For sheets, the edge camber, measured over a chord length, shall not exceed 0,1 %.
Key
L length of chord
W rolling width
D deviation from a straight line
Figure 2 – Edge camber of sheets
9.6 Out-of-squareness of sheets
Out-of-squareness is the deviation of an edge from a straight line drawn at a right angle to the other edge of
the sheet, touching one corner and extending to the opposite edge (see Figure 3).
10 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
The out-of-squareness, Os, expressed as a percentage, is calculated using the following formula:
A
Os = x 100
B
Where
A is the deviation
B is the length or width of the sheet measured at a right angle to an edge
For each sheet in the sample, the out-of-squareness shall not exceed 0,20 %.
Key
A deviation
B length or width of the sheet measured at a right angle to an edge
Figure 3 – Out-of-squareness of sheets
9.7 Flatness
9.7.1 Edge wave
The height of edge wave (h ) at any point shall not exceed 2,5 mm, when tested as described in 13.4.2. No
ew
more than six waves in excess of 1,5 mm shall be present over a cut length of 1 m for coil or proportional for
sheet.
9.7.2 Longitudinal and transverse bow
Bow may be either convex or concave face uppermost on the bulk package. The normal convention is to
express convex bow uppermost as a positive (+) value and concave bow as a negative (-) value .
The individual values of both longitudinal and transverse bow in levelled condition shall not exceed 30 mm,
when tested as described in 13.4.3. Where both convex and concave bow are present in the same coil, the
sum of the maximum values of each, ignoring the sign (+/-), shall not exceed 30 mm. In case of unlevelled
sheet from coil before cutting, the requirement of bow may be agreed between the purchaser and the
manufacturer.
9.7.3 Centre fullness
Centre fullness shall be determined by either the direct method as described in 13.4.4.1 or the indirect method
as described in 13.4.4.2. The selection of the method is at discretion of the manufacturer. In case of the direct
method, the height of centre fullness (h ) shall not exceed 5 mm when tested as described in 13.4.4.1. In case
cf
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
of the indirect method, the height of centre fullness (h) shall not exceed 9 mm when tested as described in
13.4.4.2.
NOTE Centre fullness is not clearly visible in a coil but usually becomes apparent during either printing or slitting.
10 Joints within a coil
10.1 General
The manufacturer shall ensure continuity of the coils within the limits of the lengths ordered, if necessary by
means of electrically welded joints made after cold reduction. Requirements relating to the numbers, locations
and dimensions of the joints permitted within a coil are given in 10.2 to 10.4.
10.2 Number of joints
The number of joints in a coil shall not exceed three in lengths of 10 000 m.
10.3 Location of joints
The location of each joint in a coil shall be indicated clearly.
NOTE The location of each joint may be indicated, for example by the insertion of a piece of non-rigid material and
punched holes. However, alternative methods may be agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer at the time of
enquiry and order.
10.4 Dimensions of joints
10.4.1 Thickness
The total thickness of any joint shall not exceed three times the nominal thickness of the material forming the
joint.
10.4.2 Overlap
In any lap joint, the total length of overlap shall not exceed 10 mm. The free overlap shall not exceed 5 mm
(see Figure 4).
KEY
a total length of overlap
b free overlap
Figure 4 – Joint overlap
12 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
11 Marking of differentially coated cold-reduced tinplate
11.1 General
In order to distinguish between tinplate with differential tin coatings and tinplate with equal coatings on the two
surfaces, differentially coated tinplate shall be marked on one surface only. The surface to be marked shall be
agreed by the purchaser and the manufacturer.
If no option is indicated at the time of ordering, the marking shall be in accordance with 11.2.
11.2 Marking on heavily coated surface
On heavily coated surface, unless otherwise specified, the marking shall be by dull, straight, continuous
parallel lines up to 1 mm wide and spaced at 75 mm intervals. By agreement, the alternative parallel straight
lines shown in E.1 may be applied.
E.1 gives details of an alternative marking system for certain coating combinations only.
11.3 Marking on lightly coated surface
On lightly coated surface, unless otherwise specified, the marking shall be by alternate interrupted, dull,
straight, parallel lines spaced at 75 mm intervals. By agreement, the following marking system may be
applied:
a) by geometric patterns shown in E.2; or
b) by the single line at one edge of coil.
E.2 gives examples of geometric patterns.
11.4 Marking designation
The symbol “D” or “S” shall be put in front of number of coating mass to indicate the marked surface. The
symbol “S” is for the single line at one edge of coil on the lightly coated surface [see 11.3 b)], and the symbol
“D” is for all the other marks.
The following examples show how to indicate the marked side and its position when ordering:
D 2,8/5,6: Marked on the 2,8 coated side. The marks are on the top of sheets or on the outside of the coil.
D 5,6/2,8: Marked on the 5,6 coated side. The marks are on the top of sheets or on the outside of the coil.
2,8/D 5,6: Marked on the 5,6 coated side. The marks are on the bottom of sheets or on the inside of the
coil.
5,6/D 2,8: Marked on the 2,8 coated side. The marks are on the bottom of sheets or on the inside of the
coil.
S2,8/5,6: The single line at one edge of coil marked on the 2,8 coated side. The marks are on the top of
sheets or on the outside of the coil.
5,6/S2,8: The single line at one edge of coil marked on the 2,8 coated side. The marks are on the bottom
of sheets or on the inside of the coil
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
12 Sampling
For certifying the quality of product, the manufacturer shall take samples according to Figure 5 and carry out
test. One sheet for test specimen shall be taken for every 30 tons or less and remainder thereof of the same
properties, ie. steel grade, dimensions and coating mass.
13 Test methods
13.1 Tin coating masses
13.1.1 Test pieces
From each sheet selected in accordance with clause 12, three test pieces shall be carefully prepared. These
test pieces shall be selected at edge-centre-edge locations (positions X in Figure 5) along a line normal to the
direction of rolling. Ensure that the edge test pieces clear the edges of the sheet by a minimum of 25 mm. A
test piece shall be a disc or a square having an area of approximately 2 500 mm . However, in the case of the
fluorescent X-ray spectrometric method, the irradiation area shall be 314 mm or over.
Key
X test pieces for the coating mass
Y test pieces for hardness
Z test pieces for tensile or springback tests
Figure 5 – Location of test pieces
13.1.2 Method of determination
The tin coating mass shall be expressed in grams of tin per square metre to the nearest 0,1 g/m .
For routine quality control purposes, the coating masses may be determined by any of the recognized and
acceptable analytical and instrumental methods. In cases of dispute, the method described in Annex F shall
be the referee method.
14 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
Whether tin coating determinations are made on individual or grouped test pieces, the tin coating mass of a
consignment shall be taken as the average of all the results.
13.2 Hardness tests
13.2.1 Test pieces
The hardness tests shall be carried out prior to lacquering or printing.
From each of the sample sheets obtained in accordance with clause 12, take two test pieces from the
positions marked Y in Figure 5.
Before carrying out the hardness tests in accordance with 13.2.2, artificially age the test pieces at 200 ℃ for
20 min without removing the tin coating. The artificial aging may not be necessary for non-aging materials.
When necessary, the surface shall be finished with fine emery paper.
13.2.2 Test method
Determine the Rockwell HR30Tm indentation hardness either
a) directly, in accordance with ISO 6508-1; or
b) indirectly, on relatively thin sheets (e.g. 0,22 mm and thinner), by determining the HR15Tm hardness in
accordance with ISO 6508-1 and then converting the HR15Tm values to HR30Tm values using Annex G.
NOTE By agreement, the hardness may be determined either by HR30Tm or HR15Tm for the sample thickness
between 0,20 mm and 0,22 mm,.
Make three hardness measurements on each of the test pieces taken in accordance with 13.2.1. Calculate the
representative hardness for the consignment as the arithmetic mean of all the hardness measurements on all
the sample sheets taken from the consignment.
To measure the indentation hardness, use a Rockwell superficial hardness testing machine, employing the
30Tm or 15Tm scales (see ISO 6508-1) with a hardened steel ball indenter, as appropriate.
Avoid testing near the edges of the test pieces because of a possible cantilever effect.
13.3 Tensile tests
13.3.1 Test pieces
For each sheet selected in accordance with clause 12, cut two rectangular test pieces with the direction of
rolling parallel to the length of the test piece, at the position marked Z in Figure 5. Ensure that the edge test
pieces clear the edges of the sheet by a minimum of 25 mm. Before carrying out the tensile test described in
13.3.2, artificially age the test pieces at 200 ℃ for 20 min without removing the tin coating. The artificial aging
may not be necessary for non-aging materials.
13.3.2 Test method
Determine the 0,2 % proof strength as described in ISO 6892-1:2009 using the conditions specified in Annex
B of ISO 6892-1:2009 for thin products.
Carry out one test on each of the test pieces selected in accordance with 13.3.1, i.e. two tests per sheet
selected.
ISO/DIS 11949:2013
Calculate the representative proof strength for the consignment as the arithmetic mean of all the results on all
the sample sheets taken from the consignment.
13.4 Flatness tests
13.4.1 General
The method of measuring flatness is at discretion of the manufacturer. However in cases of dispute, the
following method shall be applied as a referee method.
13.4.2 Edge wave
Each sample shall be laid on a flat horizontal surface which is larger than the sample itself. The height of edge
wave (h ) shall be given as the feeler gauge diameter that just fits under the wave at the edge of the sample.
ew
Heights of edge wave (h ) shall be determined b
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 11949
Second edition
2016-03-01
Cold-reduced tinmill products —
Electrolytic tinplate
Aciers pour emballage laminés à froid — Fer blanc électrolytique
Reference number
©
ISO 2016
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 General technical delivery condition . 4
5 Classification . 4
6 Information to be supplied by the purchaser. 4
6.1 Designation . 4
6.2 Mandatory information . 5
6.3 Options . 5
7 Manufacturing features . 6
7.1 Manufacture . 6
7.2 Annealing . 6
7.3 Finish . 6
7.4 Passivation and oiling . 7
7.5 Imperfections . 7
7.5.1 Coils . 7
7.5.2 Sheets . . . 7
8 Tin coating mass . 8
9 Mechanical properties . 8
9.1 General . 8
9.2 Hardness requirement . 8
9.3 Tensile property requirement . 8
10 Tolerances on dimensions and shape . 9
10.1 General . 9
10.2 Thickness and feather edge . 9
10.2.1 Thickness . 9
10.2.2 Feather edge . 9
10.3 Width . 9
10.4 Length . 9
10.4.1 Length of coil . 9
10.4.2 Length of sheet . 9
10.5 Edge camber . 9
10.6 Out-of-squareness of sheet .10
10.7 Flatness .11
10.7.1 Edge wave .11
10.7.2 Longitudinal and transverse bow .11
10.7.3 Centre fullness .11
11 Joint within a coil .12
11.1 General .12
11.2 Number of joint .12
11.3 Location of joint .12
11.4 Dimension of joint .12
11.4.1 Thickness .12
11.4.2 Overlap .12
12 Marking of differentially coated cold-reduced tinplate .12
12.1 General .12
12.2 Marking on heavily coated surface .13
12.3 Marking on lightly coated surface .13
12.4 Marking designation .13
13 Sampling .13
14 Test method .13
14.1 Tin coating mass .13
14.1.1 Test piece .13
14.1.2 Method of determination .14
14.2 Hardness test .14
14.2.1 Test piece .14
14.2.2 Test method .15
14.3 Tensile test .15
14.3.1 Test piece .15
14.3.2 Test method .15
14.4 Flatness test .15
14.4.1 General.15
14.4.2 Edge wave .15
14.4.3 Longitudinal or transverse bow .16
14.4.4 Centre fullness .16
15 Retests .18
16 Inspection document .18
17 Dispatch and packaging .18
17.1 Coils .18
17.2 Sheets .19
17.3 Labelling .19
Annex A (normative) Hardness requirements for tinplate .20
Annex B (normative) Tensile property requirements for tinplate .21
Annex C (informative) Steel types .23
Annex D (informative) Springback test for routine determination of proof strength for tinplate .24
Annex E (informative) Alternative marking system for differentially coated tinplate .25
Annex F (normative) Referee method for determining tin coating mass .27
Annex G (normative) Rockwell HR15Tm values and their HR30Tm equivalents .34
Bibliography .35
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 17, Steel, Subcommittee SC 9, Tinplate and
blackplate.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 11949:1995), which has been technically
revised.
Introduction
Selling of packaging steels is today a worldwide business. Therefore, revision of this International
Standard was expected earlier since the last edition dated from 1995. Because of the long period
between revisions, harmonization became difficult. In some regions, the properties of the packaging
steels are determined by the hardness test whereas in other regions, a decade ago, the hardness
test was replaced by the tensile test. Since the latest available techniques should be reflected in this
International Standard, the possibility of using the tensile test as the reference test for determining the
mechanical properties should be considered during the next revision of this International Standard.
vi © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11949:2016(E)
Cold-reduced tinmill products — Electrolytic tinplate
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies requirements for single and double cold-reduced low-carbon mild
steel electrolytic tinplate in the form of sheets or coils.
Single cold-reduced tinplate is generally specified in nominal thicknesses that are multiples of
0,005 mm, from 0,150 mm up to and including 0,600 mm. Double cold-reduced tinplate is generally
specified in nominal thicknesses that are multiples of 0,005 mm, from 0,100 mm up to and including
0,360 mm.
This International Standard applies to coils and sheets cut from coils in nominal minimum rolling
1)
widths of 600 mm.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 404, Steel and steel products — General technical delivery requirements
ISO 4288, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Rules and
procedures for the assessment of surface texture
ISO 6508-1, Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method
2)
ISO 6892-1:— , Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
ISO 10474, Steel and steel products — Inspection documents
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
blackplate
cold-reduced low-carbon mild steel, applied for manufacturing electrolytic tinplate
[1]
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 11951.
3.2
electrolytic tinplate
cold-reduced low-carbon steel sheet or coil coated on both surfaces with tin that is applied in a
continuous electrolytic operation
3.3
differentially coated electrolytic tinplate
cold-reduced electrolytic tinplate, one surface of which carries a heavier tin coating than the other
1) Nominal minimum rolling widths of 500 mm may be applied by agreement between the purchaser and the
manufacturer.
2) To be published (Revision of ISO 6892-1:2009)
3.4
single cold-reduced
description of product in which the blackplate has been reduced to the desired thickness in a cold-
reduction mill and subsequently annealed and temper rolled
3.5
double cold-reduced
description of product in which the blackplate has had a second major reduction after annealing
3.6
standard grade tinplate sheet
product in sheet form which is confirmed to be suitable, under normal conditions of storage, for
established lacquering and printing over the entire sheet and is
a) free from surface imperfections which render the material unsuitable for the intended use and
b) free from damage which render the material unsuitable for the intended use
Note 1 to entry: The standard material is compliant with the requirements as specified in this International
Standard.
3.7
batch annealed
box annealed
BA
annealed by the process in which the cold-reduced strip is annealed in coil form, within a protective
atmosphere, for a predetermined time-temperature cycle
3.8
continuously annealed
CA
annealed by the process in which cold-reduced coils are unwound and annealed in strip form within a
protective atmosphere
3.9
finish
surface appearance of tinplate, determined by the surface roughness, Ra, of the steel base together with
the conditioning of the tin coating which can be either flow-melted or unflow-melted
3.9.1
smooth finish
finish of blackplate resulting from the use of temper-mill work rolls that have been ground to a low
roughness
Note 1 to entry: This finish is used for the production of bright finish tinplate.
3.9.2
bright finish
finish on flow-melted tinplate using the smooth finish blackplate
3.9.3
stone finish
finish on flow-melted tinplate characterized by a directional pattern, resulting from the use of final-mill
work rolls that have been ground to a higher level of roughness than those used for the smooth finish
3.9.4
silver finish
finish resulting from the use of temper-mill work rolls with dull surface textured by shot blast, electro
discharge texturing (EDT), electron beam texturing (EBT) or another suitable method, together with a
flow-melted tin coating
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
3.9.5
matt finish
finish resulting from the use of temper-mill work rolls with dull surface textured by shot blast, electro
discharge texturing (EDT), electron beam texturing (EBT) or another suitable method, together with
an unflow-melted tin coating
3.10
coil
rolled flat strip product which is wound into regularly superimposed laps so as to form a coil with
almost flat sides
3.11
longitudinal bow
line bow
residual curvature in the strip remaining along the direction of rolling
3.12
transverse bow
cross bow
mode of curvature in the sheet such that the distance between its edges parallel to the direction of
rolling is less than the sheet width
3.13
centre fullness
centre buckle
full centre
intermittent vertical displacement or wave in the strip occurring other than at the edges
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 8.
3.14
edge wave
intermittent vertical displacement occurring at the strip edge when the strip is laid on a flat surface
3.15
feather edge
transverse thickness profile
variation in thickness, characterized by a reduction in thickness close to the edges, at right angles to
the direction of rolling
3.16
edge camber
deviation of edge of coil/sheet from a straight line forming its chord
3.17
burr
metal displaced beyond the plane of the surface of the strip by shearing action
3.18
rolling width
width of the rolled strip perpendicular to the direction of rolling
3.19
pallet
base platform on which a coil is placed to facilitate ready transportation
3.20
stillage platform
base platform on which sheets are stacked to facilitate packing and ready transportation
3.21
consignment
quantity of material of the same specification made available for dispatch at the same time
3.22
bulk package
bulk
packaging unit comprising a stillage platform, the sheets and packaging material
3.23
line inspection
final inspection of the finished product performed by instruments and/or visual examination at normal
production-line speeds
3.24
anvil effect
effect that a hard anvil can produce on the numerical hardness value obtained when a hardness test is
performed on very thin sheet supported on such an anvil
4 General technical delivery condition
In cases where the technical delivery condition is not specified in this International Standard, then
ISO 404 shall apply.
5 Classification
Steel grades for this International Standard are generally classified as non-alloy quality steels.
6 Information to be supplied by the purchaser
6.1 Designation
For the purposes of this International Standard, tinplate is designated in terms of a steel grade
classification based either on the Rockwell HR30Tm hardness values or on the tensile properties. For
the hardness requirements, the steel grade designations are given in Table A.1 for single cold-reduced
tinplate and in Table A.2 for double cold-reduced tinplate. For the tensile properties requirements, the
steel grade designations are given in Table B.1.
Tinplate covered by this International Standard shall be designated by the following characteristics in
the given sequence:
a) a reference to this International Standard, i.e. ISO 11949;
b) the steel grade designation in accordance with Table A.1, Table A.2 or Table B.1;
c) the type of annealing used by the manufacturer (see 7.2);
d) the type of finish (see 7.3);
e) the coating masses and their combinations, D or S(for differentially coated), together with numbers
representing the nominal coating mass on top/bottom surface (see Clause 12);
f) the dimensions, in millimetres:
— for coils, thickness × width;
— for sheets, thickness × width × length.
By agreement, the symbol “× C” after width may be designated for coils.
4 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
By agreement, the symbol “w” may be designated after the number for the width to indicate that the
number is the dimension perpendicular to the direction of rolling.
EXAMPLE
Single cold-reduced tinplate sheet, in accordance with this International Standard, steel grade T61, continuously
annealed (CA), stone finish, equally coated with a coating mass of 2,8 g/m , with a thickness of 0,220 mm, a
width of 800 mm and a length of 900 mm shall be designated:
ISO 11949 - T61 CA - stone - 2,8/2,8 - 0,220 × 800 × 900
Double cold-reduced tinplate coil, in accordance with this International Standard, steel grade T75, continuously
2 2
annealed (CA), stone finish, differentially coated with coating masses of 8,4 g/m and 5,6 g/m , with marking on
5,6 g/m side, with a thickness of 0,180 mm and a width of 750 mm shall be designated:
ISO 11949 - T75 CA - stone - 8,4/D5,6 - 0,180 × 750
Tinplate coil, in accordance with this International Standard, steel grade TH415, continuously annealed (CA),
2 2 2
stone finish (ST), differentially coated with a coating mass of 2,8 g/m and 5,6 g/m , with marking on 5,6 g/m
side, with a thickness of 0,200 mm, a width of 750 mm shall be designated:
ISO 11949 - TH415 CA - ST - 2,8/D5,6 - 0,200 × 750 × C
Tinplate sheet, in accordance with this International Standard, steel grade TS520, batch annealed (BA), stone
2 2 2
finish, differentially coated with coating masses of 5,6 g/m and 8,4 g/m , with single line marked on 5,6 g/m
side, with a thickness of 0,140 mm, a dimension perpendicular to the direction of rolling of 844 mm and a length
of 755 mm shall be designated:
ISO 11949 - TS520 BA - stone - S5,6/8,4 - 0,140 × 844w × 755
6.2 Mandatory information
The following information shall be given in the enquiry and order to assist the manufacturer in
supplying the correct material:
a) the designation as given in 6.1;
b) the quantity, expressed on an area or mass basis, e.g. 50 tons of sheets, 100 tons of coils;
c) marking requirements for differentially coated tinplate (see Clause 12);
d) the minimum and the maximum coil weight, the minimum and the maximum coil outer diameter,
the coil internal diameter, the core vertical or horizontal and the direction of winding (see 17.1);
e) the maximum weight of bulk package;
f) other inspection document than that specified by the manufacturer (see Clause 16);
g) end use;
h) any further special requirements.
NOTE Appropriate steel grade is suitable for shaping operations such as stamping, drawing, folding, beading
and bending, and assembly work such as joint forming, soldering and welding. The end use is important when the
steel grade is selected.
6.3 Options
In addition to the information in 6.2, the purchaser may wish to provide additional information to the
manufacturer to ensure that the order requirements are consistent with the end use of the product.
The purchaser shall inform the manufacturer of any modifications to his/her fabrication operations
that will significantly affect the way in which the tinplate is used.
NOTE When ordering double cold-reduced tinplate, the purpose of manufacture for which the material is
intended is generally stated. It is noted that double cold-reduced tinplate is relatively less ductile than single
cold-reduced tinplate and has very distinct directional properties, so for some uses, for example for built-up
can bodies, the direction of rolling is usually stated. When double cold-reduced tinplate is used for built-up can
bodies, the direction of rolling is around the circumference of the can so as to minimize the hazard of flange
cracking.
7 Manufacturing features
7.1 Manufacture
Continuously cast, fully-killed steel is applied except when otherwise specified. The examples of the
steel types of tinplate are shown in Annex C.
The steel type of tinplate shall be designed to secure food safety when tinplate is used for food
application. The purchasers should be aware of existing national regulations which may impose
limitations on some elements.
The purity of tin used to produce the coating shall be not less than 99,85 %(mass fraction).
The manufacturing method of tinplate is left to the discretion of the manufacturer and is not specified
in this International Standard.
7.2 Annealing
Annealing of tinplate shall be either batch annealing (BA) or continuous annealing(CA) and shall be
specified by the purchaser at the time of enquiry and order.
7.3 Finish
Tinplate is usually available in the finishes as indicated in Table 1. The type of finish is designated either
by the tinplate finish or the code shown in Table 1.
Table 1 — Typical finishes for tinplate
Blackplate
bc
Surface roughness
Tinplate Flow-melt-
a
Code
finish ed
Finish Ra
µm
Bright BT Smooth ≤0,35 Yes
Fine stone FS Fine stone 0,25 – 0,45 Yes
Stone ST Stone 0,35 – 0,60 Yes
Silver AM Matt Yes
≥0,90
Matt MM Matt No
a
By agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, another code system may be applied.
b
Values of surface roughness in this table are not mandatory. The values are given for reference in
order to classify the finishes.
c
The measurement of surface roughness is in accordance with ISO 4288.
NOTE 1 The appearance is governed by the following:
a) the surface characteristics of the blackplate principally result from controlled preparation of the work rolls
used during the final stages of temper rolling;
6 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
b) the mass of the coating applied;
c) whether the tin layer is flow-melted or unflow-melted.
NOTE 2 Double cold-reduced tinplate is usually supplied with a stone finish and a flow-melted tin coating.
7.4 Passivation and oiling
The surface of electrolytic tinplate is normally subjected to a passivation treatment and to oiling.
Passivation, produced either by a chemical or an electrochemical treatment, gives a surface with an
improved resistance to oxidation and improved suitability for lacquering and printing. Unless otherwise
agreed at the time of ordering, the usual passivation procedure is a cathodic treatment in an acidic
chromate solution. The typical range of this passivation is generally up to 10 mg/m for each side.
Under normal conditions of transport and storage, electrolytic tinplate shall be suitable for surface
treatments such as established lacquering and printing operations.
Tinplate coils and sheets are supplied with an oil coating. The oil shall be one that is recognized (i.e. by
the relevant national or international authority) as being suitable for food packaging. Unless otherwise
agreed at the time of ordering, the kind of oil is at the discretion of the manufacturer.
NOTE 1 For the oil, dioctyl sebacate (DOS) is usually used.
NOTE 2 For measuring chromium of passivation film, the diphenylcarbazide method or the X-ray flourescence
spectrometric method is usually applied. When the X-ray method is applied, it is necessary to consider the
influence of chromium in base metal.
7.5 Imperfections
7.5.1 Coils
The manufacturer is expected to employ his/her normal quality control and line inspection procedures
to ensure that the tinplate manufactured is in accordance with the requirements of this International
Standard.
However, the production of tinplate coils in continuous-strip mill operations does not afford the
opportunity for removal of all tinplate that do not comply with the requirements of this International
Standard.
At the time of shearing, sheets not conforming to the standard grade shall be set aside by the purchaser
or his/her agent.
The quantity of sheets complying with this International Standard shall be at least 90 % of any one coil.
List items a) and b) in 3.6 cannot be verified by specific tests. Accordingly, those items are recommended
to be the subject of a special agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
In processing tinplate coil, when the purchaser (or his/her agent) encounters recurring imperfections
which in his/her opinion seem excessive, it is essential, where practicable, that he/she stops processing
the coil and advises the manufacturer.
The purchaser is expected to have adequate handling, roller levelling and shearing equipment
and inspection facilities to segregate the sheets not conforming to the standard grade, and to take
reasonable care during these operations.
7.5.2 Sheets
Sheets shall not contain any imperfections as defined in 3.6.
8 Tin coating mass
The nominal coating mass, on each surface, shall be expressed in grams per square metre. The lowest
value specified in this International Standard shall be 1,0 g/m on each surface, and no upper limit
2 2 2 2 2
is specified. Values of preferred coating masses are 1,0 g/m , 1,4 g/m , 2,0 g/m , 2,8 g/m , 4,0 g/m ,
2 2 2 2
5,0 g/m , 5,6 g/m , 8,4 g/m and 11,2 g/m .
Whatever the coating mass used, the coating mass for sample average and for individual sample shall
not be less than the minimum coating mass indicated in Table 2. The coating mass for sample average
is the average of three measurements on each sheet selected. The mass per unit area for equally and
differentially coated tinplate is determined on test pieces taken from samples selected in accordance
with Clause 13 and tested in accordance with 14.1.
Table 2 — Minimum tin coating masses
Range of
Minimum coating mass Minimum coating mass
nominal coating
for sample average for individual sample
mass, m, on each surface
2 2 2
g/m g/m g/m
1,0 ≤ m < 2,8 0,80 × m 0,64 × m
2,8 ≤ m < 5,6 0,87 × m 0,70 × m
5,6 ≤ m 0,90 × m 0,72 × m
NOTE The minimum coating mass for sample average and for individual sample shall be rounded to the
unit of 0,1 g/m .
9 Mechanical properties
9.1 General
For the purposes of this International Standard, tinplates are classified into steel grades based on either
Rockwell HR30Tm hardness values or tensile properties. The purchaser shall indicate the specification
either by hardness requirement or by tensile properties requirement, but not for both, when ordering
the material.
When ordering the material for applications such as drawn cans, DWI cans, twist off caps, etc., it is
recommended to indicate the specification according to the tensile property requirement.
Other mechanical properties might significantly influence the performance of tinplate in processing,
and the subsequent intended end use might vary depending on the steel type and the method of casting,
annealing and temper rolling employed.
At the time of enquiry and order it shall be agreed that properties of steel grade are to be verified either
by the hardness test or by the tensile test.
9.2 Hardness requirement
The hardness values for tinplate shall be as given in Table A.1 and Table A.2, when tested as described
in 14.2.
9.3 Tensile property requirement
The proof strength, R , for tinplate shall be as given in Table B.1, when tested as described in 14.3.
p0,2
For routine testing, the proof strength may be determined using the springback test as described in
Annex D. However, in cases of dispute, the method described in 14.3 shall be applied.
8 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
10 Tolerances on dimensions and shape
10.1 General
Tolerances on dimensions (i.e. thickness, width and length) and shape (i.e. edge camber, out-
of-squareness and flatness) are specified in 10.2 to 10.7, together with appropriate methods of
measurement.
10.2 Thickness and feather edge
10.2.1 Thickness
Nominal thickness shall be a multiple of 0,005 mm. Nominal thickness other than multiple of 0,005 mm
may be specified by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. Thickness out of the
nominal thickness range may be specified by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
The thickness of tinplate shall not deviate from the ordered nominal thickness by more than +5, −8 % at
any point except within 10 mm from the trimmed-edge.
The thickness shall be measured using a hand-operated, spring-loaded micrometer to an accuracy of
0,001 mm.
It is recommended that the micrometer should have a ball-ended shank and a curved-surface base anvil.
10.2.2 Feather edge
For both sheet and coil, the thickness when measured at a distance of 10 mm from the mill trimmed
edge shall not deviate from the actual centre thickness by more than −6 %.
10.3 Width
The width of tinplate shall be measured to the nearest 0,5 mm at right angles to the direction of rolling.
For the products of this International Standard which are delivered with trimmed-edge, the measured
width shall not deviate from the ordered width by more than +3, −0 mm.
10.4 Length
10.4.1 Length of coil
The difference between the actual length and the manufacturer’s indicated length, measured on any
single coil, shall not exceed by more than ±3 %, unless otherwise agreed.
10.4.2 Length of sheet
The length of sheet shall be measured to the nearest 0,5 mm. The measured length shall not deviate by
more than +3, −0 mm from the ordered length.
10.5 Edge camber
Edge camber is the maximum deviation (in the plane of the sheet) of an edge from a straight line forming
a chord to its extremities (see Figures 1 and 2).
The edge camber, E, expressed as a percentage of the chord length, is calculated using Formula (1):
D
E =×100 (1)
L
where
D is the deviation from a straight line, in millimetres;
L is the length of chord, in millimetres.
For coils, the edge camber, measured over a distance (chord length) of 1 000 mm, shall not exceed 0,1 %
(i.e. 1 mm).
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
W width
D deviation from a straight line
Figure 1 — Edge camber of coil
For sheets, the edge camber, measured over a chord length, shall not exceed 0,1 %.
L
Key
D deviation from a straight line
L length of chord
W Width
Figure 2 — Edge camber of sheet
10.6 Out-of-squareness of sheet
Out-of-squareness is the deviation of an edge from a straight line drawn at a right angle to the other
edge of the sheet, touching one corner and extending to the opposite edge (see Figure 3).
10 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
D W
D
W
The out-of-squareness, O , expressed as a percentage, is calculated using Formula (2):
s
A
O =×100 (2)
s
B
where
A is the deviation;
B is the length or width of the sheet measured at a right angle to an edge.
For each sheet in the sample, the out-of-squareness shall not exceed 0,20 %.
B
Key
A deviation
B length or width of the sheet measured at a right angle to an edge
Figure 3 — Out-of-squareness of sheet
10.7 Flatness
10.7.1 Edge wave
The height of edge wave, h , at any point shall not exceed 2,5 mm, when tested as described in
ew
14.4.2. No more than six waves in excess of 1,5 mm shall be present over a cut length of 1 m for coil or
proportional for sheet.
10.7.2 Longitudinal and transverse bow
Bow may be either convex or concave face uppermost on the bulk package. The normal convention is to
express convex bow uppermost as a positive (+) value and concave bow as a negative (−) value.
The individual values of both longitudinal and transverse bow in levelled condition shall not exceed
30 mm, when tested as described in 14.4.3. Where both convex and concave bow are present in the
same coil, the sum of the maximum values of each, ignoring the sign (±), shall not exceed 30 mm. In
case of unlevelled sheet from coil before cutting, the requirement of bow may be agreed between the
purchaser and the manufacturer.
10.7.3 Centre fullness
Centre fullness shall be determined by either the direct method as described in 14.4.4.1 or the indirect
method as described in 14.4.4.2. The selection of the method is at the discretion of the manufacturer.
In case of the direct method, the height of centre fullness, h , shall not exceed 5 mm when tested as
cf
described in 14.4.4.1. In case of the indirect method, the height of
...
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