ISO 13232-1:2005
(Main)Motorcycles — Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles — Part 1: Definitions, symbols and general considerations
Motorcycles — Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles — Part 1: Definitions, symbols and general considerations
ISO 13232-1:2005 provides the definitions, abbreviations, symbols and other general considerations used in all parts of ISO 13232, which specifies the minimum requirements for research into the feasibility of protective devices fitted to motorcycles, which are intended to protect the rider in the event of a collision. ISO 13232 is applicable to impact tests involving: two-wheeled motorcycles; the specified type of opposing vehicle; either a stationary and a moving vehicle or two moving vehicles; for any moving vehicle, a steady speed and straight-line motion immediately prior to impact; one-helmeted dummy in a normal seating position on an upright motorcycle; the measurement of the potential for specified types of injury by body region; and evaluation of the results of paired impact tests (i.e. comparisons between motorcycles fitted and not fitted with the proposed devices). ISO 13232 does not apply to testing for regulatory or legislative purposes.
Motocycles — Méthodes d'essai et d'analyse de l'évaluation par la recherche des dispositifs, montés sur les motocycles, visant à la protection des motocyclistes contre les collisions — Partie 1: Définitions, symboles et généralités
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13232-1
Second edition
2005-12-15
Motorcycles — Test and analysis
procedures for research evaluation of
rider crash protective devices fitted to
motorcycles —
Part 1:
Definitions, symbols and general
considerations
Motocycles — Méthodes d'essai et d'analyse de l'évaluation par la
recherche des dispositifs, montés sur les motocycles, visant à la
protection des motocyclistes contre les collisions —
Partie 1: Définitions, symboles et généralités
Reference number
©
ISO 2005
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ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword.iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative References.1
3 Terms and definitions .2
3.1 General terms.2
3.2 Definition of impact conditions in relation to accident data (see ISO 13232-2).5
3.3 Motorcyclist anthropometric impact dummy (see ISO 13232-3).6
3.4 Variables to be measured, instrumentation, and measurement procedures (see ISO 13232-4).7
3.5 Injury indices and risk/benefit analysis (see ISO 13232-5).8
3.6 Full-scale impact test procedures (see ISO 13232-6) .10
3.7 Standardized procedures for performing computer simulations of motorcycle impact tests
(see ISO 13232-7).12
4 Symbols and abbreviations.13
4.1 Symbols.13
4.2 Subscripts .14
Annex A (informative) Rationale for ISO 13232 - A common approach .17
Bibliography.21
Alphabetical Index .27
Figure
Figure A.1 — Functional relationships among the parts of ISO 13232 .18
Tables
Table 1 — Symbols used in ISO 13232 .13
Table 2 — Meanings of subscripts for body regions and parts .14
Table 3 — Meanings of subscripts other than those for body regions and parts.15
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted
by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights.
ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 13232-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 22, Motorcycles.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first version (ISO 13232-1:1996), which has been technically revised.
ISO 13232 consists of the following parts, under the general title Motorcycles — Test and analysis procedures for
research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles:
⎯ Part 1: Definitions, symbols and general considerations
⎯ Part 2: Definition of impact conditions in relation to accident data
⎯ Part 3: Motorcyclist anthropometric impact dummy
⎯ Part 4: Variables to be measured, instrumentation and measurement procedures
⎯ Part 5: Injury indices and risk/benefit analysis
⎯ Part 6: Full-scale impact-test procedures
⎯ Part 7: Standardized procedures for performing computer simulations of motorcycle impact tests
⎯ Part 8: Documentation and reports
iv © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved
Introduction
ISO 13232 has been prepared on the basis of existing technology. Its purpose is to define common research
methods and a means for making an overall evaluation of the effect that devices which are fitted to motorcycles
and intended for the crash protection of riders, have on injuries, when assessed over a range of impact conditions
which are based on accident data.
It is intended that all of the methods and recommendations contained in ISO 13232 should be used in all basic
feasibility research. However, researchers should also consider variations in the specified conditions (for example,
rider size) when evaluating the overall feasibility of any protective device. In addition, researchers may wish to vary
or extend elements of the methodology in order to research issues which are of particular interest to them. In all
such cases which go beyond the basic research, if reference is to be made to ISO 13232, a clear explanation of
how the used procedures differ from the basic methodology should be provided.
ISO 13232 was prepared by ISO/TC 22/SC 22 at the request of the United Nations Economic Commission for
Europe Group for Road Vehicle General Safety (UN/ECE/TRANS/SCI/WP29/GRSG), based on original working
documents submitted by the International Motorcycle Manufacturers Association (IMMA), and comprising eight
interrelated parts.
This revision of ISO 13232 incorporates extensive technical amendments throughout all the parts, resulting from
extensive experience with the standard and the development of improved research methods.
In order to apply ISO 13232 properly, it is strongly recommended that all eight parts be used together, particularly if
the results are to be published.
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13232-1:2005(E)
Motorcycles — Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation
of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles —
Part 1:
Definitions, symbols and general
considerations
1 Scope
This part of ISO 13232 provides the definitions, abbreviations, symbols and other general considerations used in
all parts of ISO 13232, which specifies the minimum requirements for research into the feasibility of protective
devices fitted to motorcycles, which are intended to protect the rider in the event of a collision.
ISO 13232 is applicable to impact tests involving:
⎯ two-wheeled motorcycles;
⎯ the specified type of opposing vehicle;
⎯ either a stationary and a moving vehicle or two moving vehicles;
⎯ for any moving vehicle, a steady speed and straight-line motion immediately prior to impact;
⎯ one helmeted dummy in a normal seating position on an upright motorcycle;
⎯ the measurement of the potential for specified types of injury by body region;
⎯ evaluation of the results of paired impact tests (i.e. comparisons between motorcycles fitted and not fitted with
the proposed devices).
ISO 13232 does not apply to testing for regulatory or legislative purposes.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13232-2, Motorcycles — Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective
devices fitted to motorcycles — Part 2: Definition of impact conditions in relation to accident data
AIS-90:1990, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM) Des Plaines, IL, USA The
abbreviated injury scale, 1990 revision
UN/ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev 1/Amend.2: 1999, The consolidated resolution on the construction of vehicles
(R E 3), Rev 1
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 General terms
3.1.1
motorcycle
MC
two-wheeled vehicle with an engine cylinder capacity in the case of a thermic engine exceeding 50 cm or
whatever the means of propulsion a maximum design speed exceeding 50 km/h
[Adapted from UN/ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev 1/Amend.2: 1999]
3.1.2
opposing vehicle
OV
saloon type passenger car, into which the MC is impacted
3.1.3
leg protective device
device which is intended to reduce the frequency of leg bone fractures
3.1.4
structural element of the MC
any substantially rigid component of the MC
EXAMPLE forks, brake assembly, frame
3.1.5
head protective device
device which is intended to reduce the frequency or severity of head concussive injuries
3.1.6
fitted to the motorcycle
attached in a permanent manner to a structural element of the motorcycle
3.1.7
crash protection
reduction of the frequency or severity of rider injuries during impacts
3.1.8
rider
operator of a motorcycle
3.1.9
baseline MC
MC which has not been fitted with a protective device
3.1.10
modified MC
MC which has been fitted with a protective device
3.1.11
paired comparison
testing and comparing results between two or more identical MCs with the only experimental variable between or
among them being the presence of the proposed protective device
2 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved
3.1.11.1
single paired comparison
paired comparison which includes only one test with a modified MC and only one test with a baseline MC
3.1.11.2
multiple paired comparison
paired comparison which includes more than one test with modified MCs, all with the same modification, and an
equal number of tests with baseline MCs
3.1.11.3
group of tests
all of the tests with the baseline MC and with the modified MC, in a paired comparison which involves more than
two tests
3.1.12
impact conditions
impact variables
five variables which characterize and define the positions, orientations and velocities of the MC and OV
immediately prior to impact in a full-scale impact test, a computer simulation of an impact, or in MC/OV accident
data
3.1.12.1
relative heading angle
rha
angle between the MC x axis and the OV x axis measured in a clockwise direction from the MC x axis as viewed
from above, immediately prior to first MC/OV contact
3.1.12.2
OV impact speed
OVS
magnitude of the OV velocity relative to the ground, immediately prior to first MC/OV contact
3.1.12.3
MC impact speed
MCS
magnitude of the MC velocity relative to the ground, immediately prior to first MC/OV contact
3.1.12.4
OV contact point (for full-scale tests or computer simulations)
OVCP
target or measured point on the periphery of the OV, when viewed from above
[see ISO 13232-2]
3.1.12.5
OV contact point
for accident analysis, point representing the region of main and presumably initial structural damage to the OV in
a given accident with an MC
3.1.12.6
MC contact point
...
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